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Fine, P.V.A.; Metz, M.R.; Lokvam, J.; Mesones, I.; Zuniga, J.M.A.; Lamarre, G.P.A.; Pilco, M.V.; Baraloto, C. |
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Title |
Insect herbivores, chemical innovation, and the evolution of habitat specialization in Amazonian trees |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication  |
Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ecology |
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94 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
1764-1775 |
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Amazonia; Ecological speciation; Ecotypes; Herbivory; Natural enemies; Plant defense; Protium subserratum; Terra firme forests; Tropical rain forests; White-sand forests |
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Herbivores are often implicated in the generation of the extraordinarily diverse tropical flora. One hypothesis linking enemies to plant diversification posits that the evolution of novel defenses allows plants to escape their enemies and expand their ranges. When range expansion involves entering a new habitat type, this could accelerate defense evolution if habitats contain different assemblages of herbivores and/or divergent resource availabilities that affect plant defense allocation. We evaluated this hypothesis by investigating two sister habitat specialist ecotypes of Protium subserratum (Burseraceae), a common Amazonian tree that occurs in white-sand and terra firme forests. We collected insect herbivores feeding on the plants, assessed whether growth differences between habitats were genetically based using a reciprocal transplant experiment, and sampled multiple populations of both lineages for defense chemistry. Protium subserratum plants were attacked mainly by chrysomelid beetles and cicadellid hemipterans. Assemblages of insect herbivores were dissimilar between populations of ecotypes from different habitats, as well as from the same habitat 100 km distant. Populations from terra firme habitats grew significantly faster than white-sand populations; they were taller, produced more leaf area, and had more chlorophyll. White-sand populations expressed more dry mass of secondary compounds and accumulated more flavone glycosides and oxidized terpenes, whereas terra firme populations produced a coumaroylquinic acid that was absent from white-sand populations. We interpret these results as strong evidence that herbivores and resource availability select for divergent types and amounts of defense investment in white-sand and terra firme lineages of Protium subserratum, which may contribute to habitat-mediated speciation in these trees. © 2013 by the Ecological Society of America. |
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Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States |
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00129658 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 30 August 2013; Source: Scopus; Coden: Ecola; doi: 10.1890/12-1920.1; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Department of Integrative Biology, 1005 Valley Life Sciences Building 3140, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3140, United States |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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500 |
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Turcotte, M.M.; Thomsen, C.J.M.; Broadhead, G.T.; Fine, P.V.A.; Godfrey, R.M.; Lamarre, G.P.A.; Meyer, S.T.; Richards, L.A.; Johnson, M.T.J. |
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Title |
Percentage leaf herbivory across vascular plant species |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ecology |
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Volume |
95 |
Issue |
3 |
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788-788 |
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Herbivory is viewed as a major driver of plant evolution and the most important energy pathway from plants to higher trophic levels. Therefore, understanding patterns of herbivory on plants remains a key focus in evolution and ecology. The evolutionary impacts of leaf herbivory include altering plant fitness, local adaptation, the evolution of defenses, and the diversification of plants as well as natural enemies. Leaf herbivory also impacts ecological processes such as plant productivity, community composition, and ecosystem nutrient cycling. Understanding the impact of herbivory on these ecological and evolutionary processes requires species-specific, as opposed to community-level, measures of herbivory. In addition, species-specific data enables the use of modern comparative methods to account for phylogenetic non-independence. Although hundreds of studies have measured natural rates of leaf consumption, we are unaware of any accessible compilation of these data. We created such a data set to provide the raw data needed to test general hypotheses relating to plant?herbivore interactions and to test the influence of biotic and abiotic factors on herbivory rates across large spatial scales. A large repository will make this endeavor more efficient and robust. In total, we compiled 2641 population-level measures for either annual or daily rates of leaf herbivory across 1145 species of vascular plants collected from 189 studies. All damage measures represent natural occurrences of herbivory that span numerous angiosperm, gymnosperm, and fern species. To enable researchers to explore the causes of variation in herbivory and how these might interact, we added information about the study sites including: geolocation, climate classification, habitat descriptions (e.g., seashore, grassland, forest, agricultural fields), and plant trait information concerning growth form and duration (e.g., annual vs. perennial). We also included extensive details of the methodology used to measure leaf damage, including seasons and months of sampling, age of leaves, and the method used to estimate percentage area missing. We anticipate that these data will make it possible to test important hypotheses in the plant?herbivore literature, including the plant apparency hypothesis, the latitudinal-herbivory defense hypothesis, the resource availability hypothesis, and the macroevolutionary escalation of defense hypothesis. |
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Ecological Society of America |
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0012-9658 |
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doi: 10.1890/13-1741.1 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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575 |
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Houadria, M.; Blüthgen, N.; Salas-Lopez, A.; Schmitt, M.-I.; Arndt, J.; Schneider, E.; Orivel, J.; Menzel, F. |
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Title |
The relation between circadian asynchrony, functional redundancy, and trophic performance in tropical ant communities |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ecology |
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Volume |
97 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
225-235 |
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Diel turnover; Ecosystem functioning; Functional diversity; Multifunctional redundancy; Sampling effect; Temporal partitioning; Tropical rain forests |
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The diversity-stability relationship has been under intense scrutiny for the past decades, and temporal asynchrony is recognized as an important aspect of ecosystem stability. In contrast to relatively well- studied interannual and seasonal asynchrony, few studies investigate the role of circadian cycles for ecosystem stability. Here, we studied multifunctional redundancy of diurnal and nocturnal ant communities in four tropical rain forest sites. We analyzed how it was influenced by species richness, functional performance, and circadian asynchrony. In two neotropical sites, species richness and functional redundancy were lower at night. In contrast, these parameters did not differ in the two paleotropical sites we studied. Circadian asynchrony between species was pronounced in the neotropical sites, and increased circadian functional redundancy. In general, species richness positively affected functional redundancy, but the effect size depended on the temporal and spatial breadth of the species with highest functional performance. Our analysis shows that high levels of trophic performance were only reached through the presence of such high- performing species, but not by even contributions of multiple, less- efficient species. Thus, these species can increase current functional performance, but reduce overall functional redundancy. Our study highlights that diurnal and nocturnal ecosystem properties of the very same habitat can markedly differ in terms of species richness and functional redundancy. Consequently, like the need to study multiple ecosystem functions, multiple periods of the circadian cycle need to be assessed in order to fully understand the diversity- stability relationship in an ecosystem. © 2016 by the Ecological Society of America. |
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CNRS, UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane, BP 709, Kourou Cedex, France |
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Export Date: 17 February 2016 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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664 |
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Falster, D.S.; Duursma, R.A.; Ishihara, M.I.; Barneche, D.R.; FitzJohn, R.G.; Vårhammar, A.; Aiba, M.; Ando, M.; Anten, N.; Aspinwall, M.J.; Baltzer, J.L.; Baraloto, C.; Battaglia, M.; Battles, J.J.; Lamberty, B.B.; Van Breugel, M.; Camac, J.; Claveau, Y.; Coll, L.; Dannoura, M.; Delagrange, S.; Domec, J.C.; Fatemi, F.; Feng, W.; Gargaglione, V.; Goto, Y.; Hagihara, A.; Hall, J.S.; Hamilton, S.; Harja, D.; Hiura, T.; Holdaway, R.; Hutley, L.B.; Ichie, T.; Jokela, E.J.; Kantola, A.; Kelly, J.W.G.; Kenzo, T.; King, D.; Kloeppel, B.D.; Kohyama, T.; Komiyama, A.; Laclau, J.P.; Lusk, C.H.; Maguire, D.A.; Le Maire, G.; Mäkelä, A.; Markesteijn, L.; Marshall, J.; McCulloh, K.; Miyata, I.; Mokany, K.; Mori, S.; Myster, R.W.; Nagano, M.; Naidu, S.L.; Nouvellon, Y.; O'Grady, A.P.; O'Hara, K.L.; Ohtsuka, T.; Osada, N.; Osunkoya, O.O.; Peri, P.L.; Petritan, A.M.; Poorter, L.; Portsmuth, A.; Potvin, C.; Ransijn, J.; Reid, D.; Ribeiro, S.C.; Roberts, S.D.; Rodríguez, R.; Acosta, A.S.; Santa-Regina, I.; Sasa, K.; Selaya, N.G.; Sillett, S.C.; Sterck, F.; Takagi, K.; Tange, T.; Tanouchi, H.; Tissue, D.; Umehara, T.; Utsugi, H.; Vadeboncoeur, M.A.; Valladares, F.; Vanninen, P.; Wang, J.R.; Wenk, E.; Williams, R.; De Aquino Ximenes, F.; Yamaba, A.; Yamada, T.; Yamakura, T.; Yanai, R.D.; York, R.A. |
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Title |
BAAD: a Biomass And Allometry Database for woody plants |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ecology |
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Volume |
96 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
1445 |
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Allometric equations; Biomass allocation; Biomass partitioning; Global carbon cycle; Plant allometry; Plant traits |
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Understanding how plants are constructed; i.e., how key size dimensions and the amount of mass invested in different tissues varies among individuals; is essential for modeling plant growth, estimating carbon stocks, and mapping energy fluxes in the terrestrial biosphere. Allocation patterns can differ through ontogeny, but also among coexisting species and among species adapted to different environments. While a variety of models dealing with biomass allocation exist, we lack a synthetic understanding of the underlying processes. This is partly due to the lack of suitable data sets for validating and parameterizing models. To that end, we present the Biomass and allometry database (BAAD) for woody plants. The BAAD contains 259 634 measurements collected in 176 different studies, from 21 084 individuals across 678 species. Most of these data come from existing publications. However, raw data were rarely made public at time of publication. Thus the BAAD contains individual level data from different studies, transformed into standard units and variable names. The transformations were achieved using a common workflow for all raw data files. Other features that distinguish the BAAD are: (i) measurements were for individual plants rather than stand averages; (ii) individuals spanning a range of sizes were measured; (iii) inclusion of plants from 0.01-100 m in height; and (iii) biomass was estimated directly, i.e., not indirectly via allometric equations (except in very large trees where biomass was estimated from detailed subsampling). We included both wild and artificially grown plants. The data set contains the following size metrics: total leaf area; area of stem crosssection including sapwood, heartwood, and bark; height of plant and crown base, crown area, and surface area; and the dry mass of leaf, stem, branches, sapwood, heartwood, bark, coarse roots, and fine root tissues. We also report other properties of individuals (age, leaf size, leaf mass per area, wood density, nitrogen content of leaves and wood), as well as information about the growing environment (location, light, experimental treatment, vegetation type) where available. It is our hope that making these data available will improve our ability to understand plant growth, ecosystem dynamics, and carbon cycling in the world's vegetation. |
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Department of Disturbance Ecology, University of Bayreuth, Germany |
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Export Date: 1 September 2016 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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686 |
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Farjalla, V.F.; González, A.L.; Céréghino, R.; Dezerald, O.; Marino, N.A.C.; Piccoli, G.C.O.; Richardson, B.A.; Richardson, M.J.; Romero, G.Q.; Srivastava, D.S. |
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Terrestrial support of aquatic food webs depends on light inputs: A geographically-replicated test using tank bromeliads |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ecology |
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97 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
2147-2156 |
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Allochthonous carbon; Allochthony; Aquatic food webs; Autochthonous carbon; Autochthony; Natural microcosms; Stable isotopic analysis; Tank bromeliads; Tropics |
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Food webs of freshwater ecosystems can be subsidized by allochthonous resources. However, it is still unknown which environmental factors regulate the relative consumption of allochthonous resources in relation to autochthonous resources. Here, we evaluated the importance of allochthonous resources (litterfall) for the aquatic food webs in Neotropical tank bromeliads, a naturally replicated aquatic microcosm. Aquatic invertebrates were sampled in more than 100 bromeliads within either open or shaded habitats and within five geographically distinct sites located in four different countries. Using stable isotope analyses, we determined that allochthonous sources comprised 74% (±17%) of the food resources of aquatic invertebrates. However, the allochthonous contribution to aquatic invertebrates strongly decreased from shaded to open habitats, as light incidence increased in the tanks. The density of detritus in the tanks had no impact on the importance of allochthonous sources to aquatic invertebrates. This overall pattern held for all invertebrates, irrespective of the taxonomic or functional group to which they belonged. We concluded that, over a broad geographic range, aquatic food webs of tank bromeliads are mostly allochthonous-based, but the relative importance of allochthonous subsidies decreases when light incidence favors autochthonous primary production. These results suggest that, for other freshwater systems, some of the between-study variation in the importance of allochthonous subsidies may similarly be driven by the relative availability of autochthonous resources. © 2016 by the Ecological Society of America. |
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Department of Animal Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), PO Box 6109, Campinas-SP, Brazil |
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Export Date: 1 September 2016 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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687 |
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Odonne, G.; van den Bel, M.; Burst, M.; Brunaux, O.; Bruno, M.; Dambrine, E.; Davy, D.; Desprez, M.; Engel, J.; Ferry, B.; Freycon, V.; Grenand, P.; Jérémie, S.; Mestre, M.; Molino, J.-F.; Petronelli, P.; Sabatier, D.; Hérault, B. |
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Long-term influence of early human occupations on current forests of the Guiana Shield |
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Journal Article |
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2019 |
Publication |
Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ecology |
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100 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
e02806 |
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Amazonian forest; archaeology; ethnobotany; Guiana Shield; historical ecology; pre-Columbian settlements; ring-ditched hills; alluvial plain; anthropogenic effect; archaeology; basal area; database; ethnobotany; forest ecosystem; historical ecology; occupation; paleoecology; species diversity; Amazonia; French Guiana; Guyana Shield; Annonaceae; Arecaceae; Burseraceae; Lauraceae; Lecythidaceae; Brazil; forest; French Guiana; human; occupation; tree; Brazil; Forests; French Guiana; Humans; Occupations; Trees |
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To decipher the long-term influences of pre-Columbian land occupations on contemporary forest structure, diversity, and functioning in Amazonia, most of the previous research focused on the alluvial plains of the major rivers of the Amazon basin. Terra firme, that is, nonflooded forests, particularly from the Guiana Shield, are yet to be explored. In this study, we aim to give new insights into the subtle traces of pre-Columbian influences on present-day forests given the archaeological context of terra firme forests of the Guiana Shield. Following archaeological prospects on 13 sites in French Guiana, we carried out forest inventories inside and outside archaeological sites and assessed the potential pre-Columbian use of the sampled tree species using an original ethnobotanical database of the Guiana Shield region. Aboveground biomass (320 and 380 T/ha, respectively), basal area (25–30 and 30–35 m2/ha, respectively), and tree density (550 and 700 stem/ha, respectively) were all significantly lower on anthropized plots (As) than on nonanthropized plots (NAs). Ancient human presence shaped the species composition of the sampled forests with Arecaceae, Burseraceae, and Lauraceae significantly more frequent in As and Annonaceae and Lecythidaceae more frequent in NAs. Although alpha diversity was not different between As and NAs, the presence of pre-Columbian sites enhances significantly the forest beta diversity at the landscape level. Finally, trees with edible fruits are positively associated with pre-Columbian sites, whereas trees used for construction or for their bark are negatively associated with pre-Columbian sites. Half a millennium after their abandonment, former occupied places from the inner Guiana Shield still bear noticeable differences with nonanthropized places. Considering the lack of data concerning archaeology of terra firme Amazonian forests, our results suggest that pre-Columbian influences on the structure (lower current biomass), diversity (higher beta diversity), and composition (linked to the past human tree uses) of current Amazonian forests might be more important than previously thought. © 2019 by the Ecological Society of America |
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Institut National Polytechnique Félix Houphouet-Boigny (INP-HB), Yamoussoukro, Ivory Coast, Cote d'Ivoire |
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Ecological Society of America |
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00129658 (Issn) |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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919 |
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Srivastava, D.S.; Céréghino, R.; Trzcinski, M.K.; MacDonald, A.A.M.; Marino, N.A.C.; Mercado, D.A.; Leroy, C.; Corbara, B.; Romero, G.Q.; Farjalla, V.F.; Barberis, I.M.; Dézerald, O.; Hammill, E.; Atwood, T.B.; Piccoli, G.C.O.; Ospina-Bautista, F.; Carrias, J.-F.; Leal, J.S.; Montero, G.; Antiqueira, P.A.P.; Freire, R.; Realpe, E.; Amundrud, S.L.; de Omena, P.M.; Campos, A.B.A. |
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Ecological response to altered rainfall differs across the Neotropics |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ecology |
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101 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
e02984 |
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contingency; distributed experiment; freshwater; global change biology; macroinvertebrates; phytotelmata; precipitation; aquatic ecosystem; climate change; climate conditions; ecosystem response; extreme event; functional group; invertebrate; Neotropical Region; rainfall; species pool; Bacteria (microorganisms); Invertebrata; rain; animal; climate change; drought; ecosystem; invertebrate; Animals; Climate Change; Droughts; Ecosystem; Invertebrates; Rain |
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There is growing recognition that ecosystems may be more impacted by infrequent extreme climatic events than by changes in mean climatic conditions. This has led to calls for experiments that explore the sensitivity of ecosystems over broad ranges of climatic parameter space. However, because such response surface experiments have so far been limited in geographic and biological scope, it is not clear if differences between studies reflect geographic location or the ecosystem component considered. In this study, we manipulated rainfall entering tank bromeliads in seven sites across the Neotropics, and characterized the response of the aquatic ecosystem in terms of invertebrate functional composition, biological stocks (total invertebrate biomass, bacterial density) and ecosystem fluxes (decomposition, carbon, nitrogen). Of these response types, invertebrate functional composition was the most sensitive, even though, in some sites, the species pool had a high proportion of drought-tolerant families. Total invertebrate biomass was universally insensitive to rainfall change because of statistical averaging of divergent responses between functional groups. The response of invertebrate functional composition to rain differed between geographical locations because (1) the effect of rainfall on bromeliad hydrology differed between sites, and invertebrates directly experience hydrology not rainfall and (2) the taxonomic composition of some functional groups differed between sites, and families differed in their response to bromeliad hydrology. These findings suggest that it will be difficult to establish thresholds of “safe ecosystem functioning” when ecosystem components differ in their sensitivity to climatic variables, and such thresholds may not be broadly applicable over geographic space. In particular, ecological forecast horizons for climate change may be spatially restricted in systems where habitat properties mediate climatic impacts, and those, like the tropics, with high spatial turnover in species composition. © 2020 by the Ecological Society of America |
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Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Caldas, Caldas, 170001, Colombia |
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Ecological Society of America |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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979 |
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Peguero, Guille ; Ferrin, Miquel ; Sardans, Jordi ; Verbruggen, Erik ; Ramirez-Rojas , Irène ; Van Langenhove, Leandro ; Verryckt, Lore T. ; Murienne, Jérôme ; Iribar, Amaia ; Zinger, Lucie ; Grau, Oriol ; Orivel, Jérome ; Stahl, Clement ; Courtois, Elodie A. ; Asensio, Dolores ; Gargallo-Garriga, Albert ; Llusia, Joan ; Margalef, Olga ; Ogaya, Roma ; Richter, Andreas ; Janssens, Ivan A. ; Penuelas, Josep |
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Title |
Decay of similitary across tropical forest communities: integrating spatial distance with soil nutrients |
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Journal Article |
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2021 |
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Ecology |
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103 |
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2 |
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e03599 |
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Understanding the mechanisms that drive the change of biotic assemblages over space and time is the main quest of community ecology. Assessing the relative importance of dispersal and environmental species selection in a range of organismic sizes and motilities has been a fruitful strategy. A consensus for whether spatial and environmental distances operate similarly across spatial scales and taxa, however, has yet to emerge. We used censuses of four major groups of organisms (soil bacteria, fungi, ground insects, and trees) at two observation scales (1-m2 sampling point vs. 2,500-m2 plots) in a topographically standardized sampling design replicated in two tropical rainforests with contrasting relationships between spatial distance and nutrient availability. We modeled the decay of assemblage similarity for each taxon set and site to assess the relative contributions of spatial distance and nutrient availability distance. Then, we evaluated the potentially structuring effect of tree composition over all other taxa. The similarity of nutrient content in the litter and topsoil had a stronger and more consistent selective effect than did dispersal limitation, particularly for bacteria, fungi, and trees at the plot level. Ground insects, the only group assessed with the capacity of active dispersal, had the highest species turnover and the flattest nonsignificant distance−decay relationship, suggesting that neither dispersal limitation nor nutrient availability were fundamental drivers of their community assembly at this scale of analysis. Only the fungal communities at one of our study sites were clearly coordinated with tree composition. The spatial distance at the smallest scale was more important than nutrient selection for the bacteria, fungi, and insects. The lower initial similarity and the moderate variation in composition identified by these distance-decay models, however, suggested that the effects of stochastic sampling were important at this smaller spatial scale. Our results highlight the importance of nutrients as one of the main environmental drivers of rainforest communities irrespective of organismic or propagule size and how the overriding effect of the analytical scale influences the interpretation, leading to the perception of greater importance of dispersal limitation and ecological drift over selection associated with environmental niches at decreasing observation scales. |
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Ecological Society of America |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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1022 |
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Hudson, L.N.; Newbold, T.; Contu, S.; Hill, S.L.L.; Lysenko, I.; De Palma, A.; Phillips, H.R.P.; Senior, R.A.; Bennett, D.J.; Booth, H.; Choimes, A.; Correia, D.L.P.; Day, J.; Echeverría-Londoño, S.; Garon, M.; Harrison, M.L.K.; Ingram, D.J.; Jung, M.; Kemp, V.; Kirkpatrick, L.; Martin, C.D.; Pan, Y.; White, H.J.; Aben, J.; Abrahamczyk, S.; Adum, G.B.; Aguilar-Barquero, V.; Aizen, M.A.; Ancrenaz, M.; Arbeláez-Cortés, E.; Armbrecht, I.; Azhar, B.; Azpiroz, A.B.; Baeten, L.; Báldi, A.; Banks, J.E.; Barlow, J.; Batáry, P.; Bates, A.J.; Bayne, E.M.; Beja, P.; Berg, A.; Berry, N.J.; Bicknell, J.E.; Bihn, J.H.; Böhning-Gaese, K.; Boekhout, T.; Boutin, C.; Bouyer, J.; Brearley, F.Q.; Brito, I.; Brunet, J.; Buczkowski, G.; Buscardo, E.; Cabra-García, J.; Calviño-Cancela, M.; Cameron, S.A.; Cancello, E.M.; Carrijo, T.F.; Carvalho, A.L.; Castro, H.; Castro-Luna, A.A.; Cerda, R.; Cerezo, A.; Chauvat, M.; Clarke, F.M.; Cleary, D.F.R.; Connop, S.P.; D'Aniello, B.; da Silva, P.G.; Darvill, B.; Dauber, J.; Dejean, A.; Diekötter, T.; Dominguez-Haydar, Y.; Dormann, C.F.; Dumont, B.; Dures, S.G.; Dynesius, M.; Edenius, L.; Elek, Z.; Entling, M.H.; Farwig, N.; Fayle, T.M.; Felicioli, A.; Felton, A.M.; Ficetola, G.F.; Filgueiras, B.K.C.; Fonte, S.J.; Fraser, L.H.; Fukuda, D.; Furlani, D.; Ganzhorn, J.U.; Garden, J.G.; Gheler-Costa, C.; Giordani, P.; Giordano, S.; Gottschalk, M.S.; Goulson, D.; Gove, A.D.; Grogan, J.; Hanley, M.E.; Hanson, T.; Hashim, N.R.; Hawes, J.E.; Hébert, C.; Helden, A.J.; Henden, J.-A.; Hernández, L.; Herzog, F.; Higuera-Diaz, D.; Hilje, B.; Horgan, F.G.; Horváth, R.; Hylander, K.; Isaacs-Cubides, P.; Ishitani, M.; Jacobs, C.T.; Jaramillo, V.J.; Jauker, B.; Jonsell, M.; Jung, T.S.; Kapoor, V.; Kati, V.; Katovai, E.; Kessler, M.; Knop, E.; Kolb, A.; Korösi, Á.; Lachat, T.; Lantschner, V.; Le Féon, V.; Lebuhn, G.; Légaré, J.-P.; Letcher, S.G.; Littlewood, N.A.; López-Quintero, C.A.; Louhaichi, M.; Lövei, G.L.; Lucas-Borja, M.E.; Luja, V.H.; Maeto, K.; Magura, T.; Mallari, N.A.; Marin-Spiotta, E.; Marshall, E.J.P.; Martínez, E.; Mayfield, M.M.; Mikusinski, G.; Milder, J.C.; Miller, J.R.; Morales, C.L.; Muchane, M.N.; Muchane, M.; Naidoo, R.; Nakamura, A.; Naoe, S.; Nates-Parra, G.; Navarrete Gutierrez, D.A.; Neuschulz, E.L.; Noreika, N.; Norfolk, O.; Noriega, J.A.; Nöske, N.M.; O'Dea, N.; Oduro, W.; Ofori-Boateng, C.; Oke, C.O.; Osgathorpe, L.M.; Paritsis, J.; Parra-H, A.; Pelegrin, N.; Peres, C.A.; Persson, A.S.; Petanidou, T.; Phalan, B.; Philips, T.K.; Poveda, K.; Power, E.F.; Presley, S.J.; Proença, V.; Quaranta, M.; Quintero, C.; Redpath-Downing, N.A.; Reid, J.L.; Reis, Y.T.; Ribeiro, D.B.; Richardson, B.A.; Richardson, M.J.; Robles, C.A.; Römbke, J.; Romero-Duque, L.P.; Rosselli, L.; Rossiter, S.J.; Roulston, T.H.; Rousseau, L.; Sadler, J.P.; Sáfián, S.; Saldaña-Vázquez, R.A.; Samnegård, U.; Schüepp, C.; Schweiger, O.; Sedlock, J.L.; Shahabuddin, G.; Sheil, D.; Silva, F.A.B.; Slade, E.M.; Smith-Pardo, A.H.; Sodhi, N.S.; Somarriba, E.J.; Sosa, R.A.; Stout, J.C.; Struebig, M.J.; Sung, Y.-H.; Threlfall, C.G.; Tonietto, R.; Tóthmérész, B.; Tscharntke, T.; Turner, E.C.; Tylianakis, J.M.; Vanbergen, A.J.; Vassilev, K.; Verboven, H.A.F.; Vergara, C.H.; Vergara, P.M.; Verhulst, J.; Walker, T.R.; Wang, Y.; Watling, J.I.; Wells, K.; Williams, C.D.; Willig, M.R.; Woinarski, J.C.Z.; Wolf, J.H.D.; Woodcock, B.A.; Yu, D.W.; Zaitsev, A.S.; Collen, B.; Ewers, R.M.; Mace, G.M.; Purves, D.W.; Scharlemann, J.P.W.; Purvis, A. |
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The PREDICTS database: A global database of how local terrestrial biodiversity responds to human impacts |
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2014 |
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Ecology and Evolution |
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Ecology and Evolution |
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4 |
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24 |
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4701-4735 |
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Data sharing; Global change; Habitat destruction; Land use |
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Biodiversity continues to decline in the face of increasing anthropogenic pressures such as habitat destruction, exploitation, pollution and introduction of alien species. Existing global databases of species' threat status or population time series are dominated by charismatic species. The collation of datasets with broad taxonomic and biogeographic extents, and that support computation of a range of biodiversity indicators, is necessary to enable better understanding of historical declines and to project – and avert – future declines. We describe and assess a new database of more than 1.6 million samples from 78 countries representing over 28,000 species, collated from existing spatial comparisons of local-scale biodiversity exposed to different intensities and types of anthropogenic pressures, from terrestrial sites around the world. The database contains measurements taken in 208 (of 814) ecoregions, 13 (of 14) biomes, 25 (of 35) biodiversity hotspots and 16 (of 17) megadiverse countries. The database contains more than 1% of the total number of all species described, and more than 1% of the described species within many taxonomic groups – including flowering plants, gymnosperms, birds, mammals, reptiles, amphibians, beetles, lepidopterans and hymenopterans. The dataset, which is still being added to, is therefore already considerably larger and more representative than those used by previous quantitative models of biodiversity trends and responses. The database is being assembled as part of the PREDICTS project (Projecting Responses of Ecological Diversity In Changing Terrestrial Systems – www.predicts.org.uk). We make site-level summary data available alongside this article. The full database will be publicly available in 2015. The collation of biodiversity datasets with broad taxonomic and biogeographic extents is necessary to understand historical declines and to project – and hopefully avert – future declines. We describe a newly collated database of more than 1.6 million biodiversity measurements from 78 countries representing over 28,000 species, collated from existing spatial comparisons of local-scale biodiversity exposed to different intensities and types of anthropogenic pressures, from terrestrial sites around the world. |
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Centre for Biodiversity and Environment Research, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, Gower StreetLondon, United Kingdom |
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Export Date: 6 January 2015 |
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577 |
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Aubry-Kientz, M.; Rossi, V.; Boreux, J.-J.; Herault, B. |
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A joint individual-based model coupling growth and mortality reveals that tree vigor is a key component of tropical forest dynamics |
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2015 |
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Ecology and Evolution |
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Ecology and Evolution |
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Bayesian framework; Estimation method; Individual-based model; Linked models; Mcmc; Paracou; Tropical forest dynamic |
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Tree vigor is often used as a covariate when tree mortality is predicted from tree growth in tropical forest dynamic models, but it is rarely explicitly accounted for in a coherent modeling framework. We quantify tree vigor at the individual tree level, based on the difference between expected and observed growth. The available methods to join nonlinear tree growth and mortality processes are not commonly used by forest ecologists so that we develop an inference methodology based on an MCMC approach, allowing us to sample the parameters of the growth and mortality model according to their posterior distribution using the joint model likelihood. We apply our framework to a set of data on the 20-year dynamics of a forest in Paracou, French Guiana, taking advantage of functional trait-based growth and mortality models already developed independently. Our results showed that growth and mortality are intimately linked and that the vigor estimator is an essential predictor of mortality, highlighting that trees growing more than expected have a far lower probability of dying. Our joint model methodology is sufficiently generic to be used to join two longitudinal and punctual linked processes and thus may be applied to a wide range of growth and mortality models. In the context of global changes, such joint models are urgently needed in tropical forests to analyze, and then predict, the effects of the ongoing changes on the tree dynamics in hyperdiverse tropical forests. © 2015 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. |
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Département des Sciences et Gestion de l'environnement, Université de Liège, Arlon, Belgium |
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Export Date: 3 July 2015 |
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608 |
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