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| Author |
Vanbellingen, Q.P.; Fu, T.; Bich, C.; Amusant, N.; Stien, D.; Della-Negra, S.; Touboul, D.; Brunelle, A. |
| Title |
Mapping Dicorynia guianensis Amsh. wood constituents by submicron resolution cluster-TOF-SIMS imaging |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Journal of Mass Spectrometry |
Abbreviated Journal |
Journal of Mass Spectrometry |
| Volume |
51 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
412-423 |
| Keywords |
Dicorynia guianensis; heartwood formation; mass spectrometry imaging; Tof-Sims; tropical wood; tryptamine |
| Abstract |
The preparation of tropical wood surface sections for time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry imaging is described, and the use of delayed extraction of secondary ions and its interest for the analysis of vegetal surface are shown. The method has been applied to the study by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry imaging with a resolution of less than one micron of a tropical wood species, Dicorynia guianensis, which is one of the most exploited wood in French Guiana for its durable heartwood. The heartwood of this species exhibits an economical importance, but its production is not controlled in forestry. Results show an increase of tryptamine from the transition zone and a concomitant decrease of inorganic ions and starch fragment ions. These experiments lead to a better understanding of the heartwood formation and the origin of the natural durability of D. guianensis. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. |
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Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States |
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Export Date: 28 June 2016 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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684 |
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Salvin, P.; Ondel, O.; Roos, C.; Robert, F. |
| Title |
Energy harvest with mangrove benthic microbial fuel cells |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2015 |
Publication |
International Journal of Energy Research |
Abbreviated Journal |
Int J Energy Res |
| Volume |
39 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
543-556 |
| Keywords |
Balancing circuit; Benthic microbial fuel cell; Efficiency; Energy harvesting |
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Benthic microbial fuel cells (BMFCs) are continuous electricity generators using electroactive microorganisms and organic matter from aquatic environment, respectively, as catalysts and substrate. In this paper, first a low-cost PVC-made structure is constructed to harvest electricity from mangrove environment located in French Guiana. An in situ BMFC has given power density of 30mW/m2 of the anodic surface area. This performance has been confirmed by experience in laboratory where inter-electrode distance and electrode surface area appeared to be power increasing factors. However, the output power of one BMFC is not used to supply real devices such as autonomous sensors. Second, to meet this expectation, in parallel and in series associations were considered. These associations were made in order to increase the output voltage and consequently the power, to reach levels that can supply small sensors (about 3V). Finally, to improve the performance of the series association and to avoid the voltage reversal phenomenon, a voltage balancing circuit was simulated and added to the series connections. With balancing method, the cell voltage of BMFCs can be equalized, and the performances can be improved. This allows an optimal energy harvesting and a better global efficiency of the set. |
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Université de Lyon, F-69622, Lyon, France, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne; CNRS, UMR 5005, Laboratoire Ampère, 43, Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918Villeurbanne, France |
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Export Date: 17 March 2015 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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586 |
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Quéméré, Erwan ; Aucourt, Marie ; Troispoux, Valérie ; Brosse, Sébastien ; Murienne, Jérôme ; Covain, Raphael ; Le Bail, Pierre-Yves ; Olivier, Jean ; Tysklind, Niklas ; Galan, Maxime |
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Unraveling the dietary diversity of Neotropical top predators using scat DNA metabarcoding: A case study on the elusive Giant Otter |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Environmental DNA |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
3 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
889-900 |
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Large carnivores play a pivotal regulating role in maintaining healthy and balanced ecosystems; however, most of them are rare and elusive, and knowledge about their resource consumption is scarce. Traditional methods based on morphological identification of undigested remains are labor intensive and often not sufficiently accurate, leading to errors and biased ecological inferences. Here, we developed a multi-marker DNA metabarcoding approach to analyze the dietary diversity of giant otters (Pteronura brasiliensis) from fecal DNA while controlling predator species identity. We combined two mitochondrial markers, 12S rRNA and cytochrome c oxidase 1 (COI) gene, that target the full range of potential vertebrate and invertebrate prey. We compiled a local reference database of DNA barcodes for most potentially ingested fish, which were used to evaluate the specificity of the metabarcoding primers in silico. Most prey are identified at the species level (>90%) and the dietary profiles provided independently by the two markers are highly similar, whether in terms of list of prey or frequency of occurrences, hence validating the approach. We detected a higher number of rare fish prey with the 12S primers that amplified solely Teleost species while the degenerate COI primers revealed non-fish prey (e.g., amphibians, snakes, birds, and earthworms) and confirmed predator species identity. This study demonstrated that scat DNA metabarcoding is particularly useful to provide in-depth information on elusive carnivorous dietary profile. Our methodology opens up new opportunities to understand how top carnivores diet cope with the effects of anthropogenic alteration of ecosystems and identify conflicts with humans and livestock. |
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Wiley |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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1054 |
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Peguero, Guille ; Ferrin, Miquel ; Sardans, Jordi ; Verbruggen, Erik ; Ramirez-Rojas , Irène ; Van Langenhove, Leandro ; Verryckt, Lore T. ; Murienne, Jérôme ; Iribar, Amaia ; Zinger, Lucie ; Grau, Oriol ; Orivel, Jérome ; Stahl, Clement ; Courtois, Elodie A. ; Asensio, Dolores ; Gargallo-Garriga, Albert ; Llusia, Joan ; Margalef, Olga ; Ogaya, Roma ; Richter, Andreas ; Janssens, Ivan A. ; Penuelas, Josep |
| Title |
Decay of similitary across tropical forest communities: integrating spatial distance with soil nutrients |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
103 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
e03599 |
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Understanding the mechanisms that drive the change of biotic assemblages over space and time is the main quest of community ecology. Assessing the relative importance of dispersal and environmental species selection in a range of organismic sizes and motilities has been a fruitful strategy. A consensus for whether spatial and environmental distances operate similarly across spatial scales and taxa, however, has yet to emerge. We used censuses of four major groups of organisms (soil bacteria, fungi, ground insects, and trees) at two observation scales (1-m2 sampling point vs. 2,500-m2 plots) in a topographically standardized sampling design replicated in two tropical rainforests with contrasting relationships between spatial distance and nutrient availability. We modeled the decay of assemblage similarity for each taxon set and site to assess the relative contributions of spatial distance and nutrient availability distance. Then, we evaluated the potentially structuring effect of tree composition over all other taxa. The similarity of nutrient content in the litter and topsoil had a stronger and more consistent selective effect than did dispersal limitation, particularly for bacteria, fungi, and trees at the plot level. Ground insects, the only group assessed with the capacity of active dispersal, had the highest species turnover and the flattest nonsignificant distance−decay relationship, suggesting that neither dispersal limitation nor nutrient availability were fundamental drivers of their community assembly at this scale of analysis. Only the fungal communities at one of our study sites were clearly coordinated with tree composition. The spatial distance at the smallest scale was more important than nutrient selection for the bacteria, fungi, and insects. The lower initial similarity and the moderate variation in composition identified by these distance-decay models, however, suggested that the effects of stochastic sampling were important at this smaller spatial scale. Our results highlight the importance of nutrients as one of the main environmental drivers of rainforest communities irrespective of organismic or propagule size and how the overriding effect of the analytical scale influences the interpretation, leading to the perception of greater importance of dispersal limitation and ecological drift over selection associated with environmental niches at decreasing observation scales. |
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Ecological Society of America |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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1022 |
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Srivastava, D.S.; Céréghino, R.; Trzcinski, M.K.; MacDonald, A.A.M.; Marino, N.A.C.; Mercado, D.A.; Leroy, C.; Corbara, B.; Romero, G.Q.; Farjalla, V.F.; Barberis, I.M.; Dézerald, O.; Hammill, E.; Atwood, T.B.; Piccoli, G.C.O.; Ospina-Bautista, F.; Carrias, J.-F.; Leal, J.S.; Montero, G.; Antiqueira, P.A.P.; Freire, R.; Realpe, E.; Amundrud, S.L.; de Omena, P.M.; Campos, A.B.A. |
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Ecological response to altered rainfall differs across the Neotropics |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ecology |
| Volume |
101 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
e02984 |
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contingency; distributed experiment; freshwater; global change biology; macroinvertebrates; phytotelmata; precipitation; aquatic ecosystem; climate change; climate conditions; ecosystem response; extreme event; functional group; invertebrate; Neotropical Region; rainfall; species pool; Bacteria (microorganisms); Invertebrata; rain; animal; climate change; drought; ecosystem; invertebrate; Animals; Climate Change; Droughts; Ecosystem; Invertebrates; Rain |
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There is growing recognition that ecosystems may be more impacted by infrequent extreme climatic events than by changes in mean climatic conditions. This has led to calls for experiments that explore the sensitivity of ecosystems over broad ranges of climatic parameter space. However, because such response surface experiments have so far been limited in geographic and biological scope, it is not clear if differences between studies reflect geographic location or the ecosystem component considered. In this study, we manipulated rainfall entering tank bromeliads in seven sites across the Neotropics, and characterized the response of the aquatic ecosystem in terms of invertebrate functional composition, biological stocks (total invertebrate biomass, bacterial density) and ecosystem fluxes (decomposition, carbon, nitrogen). Of these response types, invertebrate functional composition was the most sensitive, even though, in some sites, the species pool had a high proportion of drought-tolerant families. Total invertebrate biomass was universally insensitive to rainfall change because of statistical averaging of divergent responses between functional groups. The response of invertebrate functional composition to rain differed between geographical locations because (1) the effect of rainfall on bromeliad hydrology differed between sites, and invertebrates directly experience hydrology not rainfall and (2) the taxonomic composition of some functional groups differed between sites, and families differed in their response to bromeliad hydrology. These findings suggest that it will be difficult to establish thresholds of “safe ecosystem functioning” when ecosystem components differ in their sensitivity to climatic variables, and such thresholds may not be broadly applicable over geographic space. In particular, ecological forecast horizons for climate change may be spatially restricted in systems where habitat properties mediate climatic impacts, and those, like the tropics, with high spatial turnover in species composition. © 2020 by the Ecological Society of America |
| Address |
Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Caldas, Caldas, 170001, Colombia |
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Ecological Society of America |
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00129658 (Issn) |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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979 |
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Farjalla, V.F.; González, A.L.; Céréghino, R.; Dezerald, O.; Marino, N.A.C.; Piccoli, G.C.O.; Richardson, B.A.; Richardson, M.J.; Romero, G.Q.; Srivastava, D.S. |
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Terrestrial support of aquatic food webs depends on light inputs: A geographically-replicated test using tank bromeliads |
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Journal Article |
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2016 |
Publication |
Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ecology |
| Volume |
97 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
2147-2156 |
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Allochthonous carbon; Allochthony; Aquatic food webs; Autochthonous carbon; Autochthony; Natural microcosms; Stable isotopic analysis; Tank bromeliads; Tropics |
| Abstract |
Food webs of freshwater ecosystems can be subsidized by allochthonous resources. However, it is still unknown which environmental factors regulate the relative consumption of allochthonous resources in relation to autochthonous resources. Here, we evaluated the importance of allochthonous resources (litterfall) for the aquatic food webs in Neotropical tank bromeliads, a naturally replicated aquatic microcosm. Aquatic invertebrates were sampled in more than 100 bromeliads within either open or shaded habitats and within five geographically distinct sites located in four different countries. Using stable isotope analyses, we determined that allochthonous sources comprised 74% (±17%) of the food resources of aquatic invertebrates. However, the allochthonous contribution to aquatic invertebrates strongly decreased from shaded to open habitats, as light incidence increased in the tanks. The density of detritus in the tanks had no impact on the importance of allochthonous sources to aquatic invertebrates. This overall pattern held for all invertebrates, irrespective of the taxonomic or functional group to which they belonged. We concluded that, over a broad geographic range, aquatic food webs of tank bromeliads are mostly allochthonous-based, but the relative importance of allochthonous subsidies decreases when light incidence favors autochthonous primary production. These results suggest that, for other freshwater systems, some of the between-study variation in the importance of allochthonous subsidies may similarly be driven by the relative availability of autochthonous resources. © 2016 by the Ecological Society of America. |
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Department of Animal Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), PO Box 6109, Campinas-SP, Brazil |
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Export Date: 1 September 2016 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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687 |
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Baraloto, Christophier ; Vleminckx, Jason ; Engel, Julien ; Petronelli, Pascal ; Davila, Nallarett ; Rios, Marcos ; Valderrama Sandoval, Elvis Harry ; Mesones, Italo ; Guevara ANdino, Juan Ernesto ; Fortunel, Claire ; Allie, Elodie ; Paine, C.E. Timothy ; Dourdan, Aurélie ; Goret, Jean-Yves ; Valverde-Barrantes, Oscar J. ; Draper, Freddie ; Fine, Paul V. A. |
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Biogeographic history and habitat specialization shape floristic and phylogenetic composition across Amazonian forests |
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Journal Article |
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2021 |
Publication |
Ecological Monographs |
Abbreviated Journal |
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91 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
e01473 |
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A major challenge remains to understand the relative contributions of history, dispersal, and environmental filtering to the assembly of hyperdiverse communities across spatial scales. Here, we examine the extent to which biogeographical history and habitat specialization have generated turnover among and within lineages of Amazonian trees across broad geographic and environmental gradients. We replicated standardized tree inventories in 102 0.1-ha plots located in two distant regions—the western Amazon and the eastern Guiana shield. Within each region, we used a nested design to replicate plots on contrasted habitats: white-sand, terra firme, and seasonally flooded forests. Our plot network encompassed 26,386 trees that together represented 2,745 distinct taxa, which we standardized across all plots and regions. We combined taxonomic and phylogenetic data with detailed soil measurements and climatic data to: (1) test whether patterns of taxonomic and phylogenetic composition are consistent with recent or historical processes, (2) disentangle the relative effects of habitat, environment, and geographic distance on taxonomic and phylogenetic turnover among plots, and (3) contrast the proportion of habitat specialists among species from each region. We found substantial species turnover between Peru and French Guiana, with only 8.8% of species shared across regions; genus composition remained differentiated across habitats and regions, whereas turnover at higher taxonomic levels (family, order) was much lower. Species turnover across plots was explained primarily by regions, but also substantially by habitat differences and to a lesser extent by spatial distance within regions. Conversely, the composition of higher taxonomic levels was better explained by habitats (especially comparing white-sand forests to other habitats) than spatial distance. White-sand forests harbored most of the habitat specialists in both regions, with stronger habitat specialization in Peru than in French Guiana. Our results suggest that recent diversification events have resulted in extremely high turnover in species and genus composition with relatively little change in the composition of higher lineages. Our results also emphasize the contributions of rare habitats, such as white-sand forests, to the extraordinary diversity of the Amazon and underline their importance as conservation priorities. |
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Ecological Society of America |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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1027 |
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Urbina, Ifigenia ; Grau, Oriol ; Sardans, Jordi ; Margalef, Olga ; Peguero, Guillermo ; Asensio, Dolores ; Llusia, Joan ; Ogaya, Roma ; Gargallo-Garriga, Albert ; Van Langenhove, Leandro ; Verryckt, Lore T. ; Courtois, Elodie A. ; Stahl, Clement ; Soong, Jennifer L. ; Chave, Jérome ; Hérault, Bruno ; Janssens, Ivan A. ; Sayer, Emma ; Penuelas, Josep |
| Title |
High foliar K and P resorption efficiencies in old-growth tropical forests growing on nutrient-poor soils |
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Journal Article |
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2021 |
Publication |
Ecology and Evolution |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
11 |
Issue |
13 |
Pages |
8969-8982 |
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Resorption is the active withdrawal of nutrients before leaf abscission. This mechanism represents an important strategy to maintain efficient nutrient cycling; however, resorption is poorly characterized in old-growth tropical forests growing in nutrient-poor soils. We investigated nutrient resorption from leaves in 39 tree species in two tropical forests on the Guiana Shield, French Guiana, to investigate whether resorption efficiencies varied with soil nutrient, seasonality, and species traits. The stocks of P in leaves, litter, and soil were low at both sites, indicating potential P limitation of the forests. Accordingly, mean resorption efficiencies were higher for P (35.9%) and potassium (K; 44.6%) than for nitrogen (N; 10.3%). K resorption was higher in the wet (70.2%) than in the dry (41.7%) season. P resorption increased slightly with decreasing total soil P; and N and P resorptions were positively related to their foliar concentrations. We conclude that nutrient resorption is a key plant nutrition strategy in these old-growth tropical forests, that trees with high foliar nutrient concentration reabsorb more nutrient, and that nutrients resorption in leaves, except P, are quite decoupled from nutrients in the soil. Seasonality and biochemical limitation played a role in the resorption of nutrients in leaves, but species-specific requirements obscured general tendencies at stand and ecosystem level. |
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Wiley |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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1011 |
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Mirabel, Ariane ; Marcon, Eric ; Hérault, Bruno |
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30 Years of postdisturbance recruitment in a Neotropical forest |
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Journal Article |
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2021 |
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Ecology and Evolution |
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11 |
Issue |
21 |
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14448-14458 |
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John Wiley & Sons, Ltd (10.1111) |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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1043 |
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Tysklind, N.; Etienne, M.-P.; Scotti-Saintagne, C.; Tinaut, A.; Casalis, M.; Troispoux, V.; Cazal, S.-O.; Brousseau, L.; Ferry, B.; Scotti, I. |
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Microgeographic local adaptation and ecotype distributions: The role of selective processes on early life-history traits in sympatric, ecologically divergent Symphonia populations |
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Journal Article |
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2020 |
Publication |
Ecology and Evolution |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ecology and Evolution |
| Volume |
10 |
Issue |
19 |
Pages |
10735-10753 |
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determinants of plant community diversity and structure; evolutionary ecology; landscape ecology; local adaptation; Neotropical forest; plant development and life-history traits; reciprocal transplantation experiments; Symphonia |
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Trees are characterized by the large number of seeds they produce. Although most of those seeds will never germinate, plenty will. Of those which germinate, many die young, and eventually, only a minute fraction will grow to adult stage and reproduce. Is this just a random process? Do variations in germination and survival at very young stages rely on variations in adaptations to microgeographic heterogeneity? and do these processes matter at all in determining tree species distribution and abundance?. We have studied these questions with the Neotropical Symphonia tree species. In the Guiana shield, Symphonia are represented by at least two sympatric taxa or ecotypes, Symphonia globulifera found almost exclusively in bottomlands, and a yet undescribed more generalist taxon/ecotype, Symphonia sp1. A reciprocal transplantation experiment (510 seeds, 16 conditions) was set up and followed over the course of 6 years to evaluate the survival and performance of individuals from different ecotypes and provenances. Germination, survival, growth, and herbivory showed signs of local adaptation, with some combinations of ecotypes and provenances growing faster and surviving better in their own habitat or provenance region. S. globulifera was strongly penalized when planted outside its home habitat but showed the fastest growth rates when planted in its home habitat, suggesting it is a specialist of a high-risk high-gain strategy. Conversely, S. sp1 behaved as a generalist, performing well in a variety of environments. The differential performance of seeds and seedlings in the different habitats matches the known distribution of both ecotypes, indicating that environmental filtering at the very early stages can be a key determinant of tree species distributions, even at the microgeographic level and among very closely related taxa. Furthermore, such differential performance also contributes to explain, in part, the maintenance of the different Symphonia ecotypes living in intimate sympatry despite occasional gene flow. © 2020 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd |
| Address |
UMR AMAP, IRD, Cirad, CNRS, INRAE, Université Montpellier, Montpellier, France |
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John Wiley and Sons Ltd |
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20457758 (Issn) |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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951 |
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