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Author Brousseau, L.; Bonal, D.; Cigna, J.; Scotti, I. url  openurl
  Title Highly local environmental variability promotes intrapopulation divergence of quantitative traits: An example from tropical rain forest trees Type Journal Article
  Year 2013 Publication Annals of Botany Abbreviated Journal Ann. Bot.  
  Volume 112 Issue (up) 6 Pages 1169-1179  
  Keywords common garden experiment; E. grandiflora; ecological traits; Eperua falcata; habitat mosaics; intrapopulation divergence; maternal family inheritance  
  Abstract Background and AimsIn habitat mosaics, plant populations face environmental heterogeneity over short geographical distances. Such steep environmental gradients can induce ecological divergence. Lowland rainforests of the Guiana Shield are characterized by sharp, short-distance environmental variations related to topography and soil characteristics (from waterlogged bottomlands on hydromorphic soils to well-drained terra firme on ferralitic soils). Continuous plant populations distributed along such gradients are an interesting system to study intrapopulation divergence at highly local scales. This study tested (1) whether conspecific populations growing in different habitats diverge at functional traits, and (2) whether they diverge in the same way as congeneric species having different habitat preferences.MethodsPhenotypic differentiation was studied within continuous populations occupying different habitats for two congeneric, sympatric, and ecologically divergent tree species (Eperua falcata and E. grandiflora, Fabaceae). Over 3000 seeds collected from three habitats were germinated and grown in a common garden experiment, and 23 morphological, biomass, resource allocation and physiological traits were measured.Key ResultsIn both species, seedling populations native of different habitats displayed phenotypic divergence for several traits (including seedling growth, biomass allocation, leaf chemistry, photosynthesis and carbon isotope composition). This may occur through heritable genetic variation or other maternally inherited effects. For a sub-set of traits, the intraspecific divergence associated with environmental variation coincided with interspecific divergence. Conclusions The results indicate that mother trees from different habitats transmit divergent trait values to their progeny, and suggest that local environmental variation selects for different trait optima even at a very local spatial scale. Traits for which differentiation within species follows the same pattern as differentiation between species indicate that the same ecological processes underlie intra- and interspecific variation. © 2013 The Author. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Annals of Botany Company. All rights reserved.  
  Address Université de Lorraine, UMR 1137 Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestières, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France  
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  ISSN 03057364 (Issn) ISBN Medium  
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  Notes Export Date: 17 October 2013; Source: Scopus; Coden: Anboa; doi: 10.1093/aob/mct176; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Scotti, I.; INRA, UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane, Campus Agronomique, BP 709, 97387 Kourou cedex, French Guiana; email: ivan.scotti@ecofog.gf Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 505  
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Author Chartier, M.; Pélozuelo, L.; Buatois, B.; Bessière, J.-M.; Gibernau, M. url  openurl
  Title Geographical variations of odour and pollinators, and test for local adaptation by reciprocal transplant of two European Arum species Type Journal Article
  Year 2013 Publication Functional Ecology Abbreviated Journal Funct. Ecol.  
  Volume 27 Issue (up) 6 Pages 1367-1381  
  Keywords Deception; Diptera; Floral scent; Geographical mosaic; Psychodidae; Sapromyophily; Transplant experiment  
  Abstract Interactions between entomophilous plants and their pollinators are one of the major factors shaping the evolution of floral features. As species are distributed in more or less connected populations, they have evolved in a geographical mosaic of co-evolution were the outcome of the plant-pollinator interaction is likely to vary as a result of local adaptations. Arum italicum and Arum maculatum are two species of Araceae which deceive their fly pollinators by mimicking the odour of their oviposition sites. Whereas A. italicum is known to be pollinated by flies belonging to different families (i.e. opportunist), A. maculatum relies on only two pollinating species of the family Psychodidae throughout its European repartition area (i.e. specialist). The interannual and geographical variations of pollinators and pollinator-attractive odours were described in several populations of the two species over two consecutive years. Furthermore, local adaptation to pollinators was tested by transplanting inflorescence-bearing plants between two different sites and by recording the number and composition of the insect fauna trapped inside the inflorescences during anthesis as a measure of a fitness component. Pollinators and pollinator-attractive odours of the two Arum species varied in time and space, but there was no clear odour structure between populations. When transplanted, inflorescences of both species trapped the same composition and number of insects as native inflorescences at a given site; this indicates that pollinator composition is highly dependent on the local availability of insects. No pattern of local adaptation was found for these two species, but local pollination conditions were shown to strongly affect the degree of geographical variations of these interactions. The lack of a clear odour geographical structure might be due to high gene flow or to similar selective pressures exerted by pollinators, and the high interindividual odour variation may be linked to the deceptive strategy adopted by the two plant species. © 2013 British Ecological Society.  
  Address Center for Functional and Evolutive Ecology, Université Montpellier 2, 1919 route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France  
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  Notes Export Date: 29 November 2013; Source: Scopus; Coden: Fecoe; doi: 10.1111/1365-2435.12122; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Gibernau, M.; Joint Research Unit Ecology of Guiana Forests, CNRS-UMR 8172, Campus agronomique, BP 316, Kourou cedex, 97379, France; email: marc.gibernau@ecofog.gf; References: Ackerman, J.D., Cuevas, A.A., Hof, D., Are deception-pollinated species more variable than those offering a reward? (2011) Plant Systematics and Evolution, 293, pp. 91-99; Ackerman, J.D., Meléndez-Ackerman, E.J., Salguero-Faria, J., Variation in pollinator abundance and selection on fragrance phenotypes in an epiphytic orchid (1997) American Journal of Botany, 84, pp. 1383-1390; Adams, R.P., (2007) Identification of Essential Oil Components by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectroscopy, , 4th edn. Allured Publishing, Carol Stream; Albre, J., Gibernau, M., Reproductive biology of Arum italicum (Araceae) in the South of France (2008) Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 156, pp. 43-49; Albre, J., Quilichini, A., Gibernau, M., Pollination ecology of Arum italicum (Araceae) (2003) Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 141, pp. 205-214; Anderson, M.J., A new method for non-parametric multivariate analysis of variance (2001) Austral Ecology, 26, pp. 32-46; Anderson, B., Johnson, S.F., The geographic mosaic of coevolution in a plant-pollinator mutualism (2007) Evolution, 62, pp. 220-225; Angert, A.L., Bradshaw, H.D., Schemske, D.W., Using experimental evolution to investigate geographic range limits in monkey flowers (2008) Evolution, 62, pp. 2660-2675; Ayasse, M., Schiestl, F.P., Paulus, H.F., Löfstedt, C., Hannson, B., Ibarra, F., Francke, W., Evolution of reproductive strategies in the sexually deceptive orchid Ophrys sphegodes: how does flower-specific variation of odor signals influence reproductive success? (2000) Evolution, 54, pp. 1995-2006; Blionis, G.J., Vokou, D., Structural and functional divergence of Campanula spatulata subspecies on Mt Olympos (Greece) (2002) Plant Systematics and Evolution, 232, pp. 89-105; Boyce, P.C., Arum – a decade of change (2006) Aroideana, 29, pp. 132-137; Bradshaw, H.D., Schemske, D.W., Allele substitution at a flower colour locus produces a pollinator shift in monkeyflowers (2003) Nature, 426, pp. 176-178; Brown, M., Downs, C.T., Johnson, S.D., Covariation of flower traits and bird pollinator assemblages among pollinations of Kniphofia linearifolia (Asphodelaceae) (2011) Plant Systematics and Evolution, 294, pp. 199-206; Campbell, D.R., Natural selection in Ipomopsis hybrid zones: implications for ecological speciation (2003) New Phytologist, 161, pp. 83-90; Chartier, M., Pelozuelo, L., Gibernau, M., Do floral odor profiles geographically vary with the degree of specificity for pollinators? 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PhD thesis, University of Montpellier, MontpellierGibernau, M., Macquart, D., Przetak, G., Pollination in the genus Arum – a review (2004) Aroideana, 27, pp. 148-166; Gomez, J.M., Bosh, J., Perfectti, F., Fernández, J.D., Abdelaziz, M., Camacho, J.P.M., Spatial variation in selection on corolla shape in a generalist plant is promoted by the preference patterns of its local pollinators (2008) Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 275, pp. 2241-2249; Gomez, J.M., Abdelaziz, M., Camacho, J.P.M., Munoz-Pajares, A.J., Perfectti, F., Local adaptation and maladaptation to pollinators in a generalist geographic mosaic (2009) Ecology Letters, 12, pp. 672-682; Gould, S.J., Johnston, R.F., Geographic variation (1972) Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, 3, pp. 457-498; Hentrich, H., Kaiser, R., Gottsberger, G., Floral biology and reproductive isolation by floral scent in three sympatric Aroid species in French Guyana (2010) Plant Biology, 12, pp. 587-596; Herrera, C.M., Castellanos, M.C., Medrano, M., Geographical context of floral evolution: towards an improved research programme in floral diversification (2006) Ecology and Evolution of Flowers, pp. 278-294. , eds L.D. Harder & S.C.H. Barrett) Oxford University Press, Oxford; Hodgins, K.A., Barrett, C.H., Geographic variation in floral morphology and style-morph ratios in a sexually polymorphic daffodil (2008) American Journal of Botany, 95, pp. 185-195; Ibanez, S., Dötterl, S., Anstett, M.-C., Baudino, S., Caissard, J.C., Gallet, C., Després, L., The role of volatile organic compounds, morphology and pigments of globeflowers in the attraction of their specific pollinating flies (2010) New Phytologist, 188, pp. 451-463; Ježek, J., Redescriptions of nine common palaeartic and holartic species of Psychodini End. (Diptera: Psychodidae) (1990) Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae, 43, pp. 33-83; Ježek, J., Hájek, J., Psychodidae (Diptera) of the Orlické hory protected landscape area and neighbouring areas with descriptions of two new species from the Czech Republic (2007) Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae, 47, pp. 237-285; Johnson, S.D., Pollinator-driven speciation in plants (2006) Ecology and Evolution of Flowers, pp. 295-310. , eds L.D. Harder & S.C.H. Barrett Oxford University Press, Oxford; Johnson, S.D., Jürgens, A., Convergent evolution of carrion and faecal scent mimicry in fly-pollinated angiosperm flowers and a stinkhorn fungus (2010) South African Journal of Botany, 76, pp. 796-807; Johnson, S.D., Steiner, K.E., Long-tongued fly pollination and evolution of floral spur length in the Disa draconis complex (Orchidaceae) (1997) Evolution, 51, pp. 45-53; Jürgens, A., Dötterl, S., Meve, U., The chemical nature of fetid floral odours in stapeliads (Apocynaceae-Asclepiadoideae-Ceropegieae) (2006) New Phytologist, 172, pp. 452-468; Kato, M., Itioka, T., Sakai, S., Momose, K., Yamane, S., Hamid, A.A., Inoue, T., Various population fluctuation patterns of light-attracted beetles in a tropical lowland dipterocarp forest in Sarawak (2000) Population Ecology, 42, pp. 97-104; Kiester, A.R., Lande, R., Schemske, D.W., Models of coevolution and speciation in plants and their pollinators (1984) The American Naturalist, 1242, pp. 220-243; Kite, G.C., The floral odour of Arum maculatum (1995) Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 23, pp. 343-354; Kite, G.C., Hetterscheid, W.L.A., Lewis, M.J., Boyce, P.C., Ollerton, J., Cocklin, E., Diaz, A., Simmonds, M.S.J., Inflorescence odours and pollinators of Arum and Amorphophallus (Araceae) (1998) Reproductive Biology, pp. 295-315. , (eds S.J. Owens & P.J. Rudall) Royal Botanical Gardens, Kew; Knudsen, J.T., Variation in floral scent composition within and between populations of Geonoma macrostachys (Arecaceae) in the western Amazon (2002) American Journal of Botany, 89, pp. 1772-1778; Knudsen, J.T., Eriksson, R., Gershenzon, J., Ståhl, B., Diversity and distribution of floral scent (2006) The Botanical Review, 72, pp. 1-120; Lack, A.J., Diaz, A., The pollination of Arum maculatum L. – a historical review and new observations (1991) Watsonia, 18, pp. 333-342; Levin, D.A., (2000) The Origin, Expansion and Demise of Plant Species, , Oxford University Press, Oxford; Levin, D.A., Anderson, W.W., Competition for pollinators between simultaneously flowering species (1970) The American Naturalist, 104, pp. 455-467; Linz, J., Stökl, J., Urru, I., Krügel, T., Stensmyr, M.C., Hansson, B.S., Molecular phylogeny of the genus Arum (Araceae) inferred from multi-locus sequence data and AFLPs (2010) Taxon, 59, pp. 405-415; Maia, A.C.D., Dötterl, S., Kaiser, R., Silberbauer-Gottsberger, I., Teichert, H., Gibernau, M., Navarro, D.M.D.F., Gottsberger, G., The key role of 4-methyl-5-vinylthiazole in the attraction of scarab beetle pollinators: a unique olfactory floral signal shared by Annonaceae and Araceae (2012) Journal of Chemical Ecology, 38, pp. 1072-1080; Maia, A.C.D., Gibernau, M., Dötterl, S., Navarro, DM., Seifert, K., Müller, T., Schlindwein, C., The floral scent of Taccarum ulei (araceae): attraction of scarab beetle pollinators to an unusual aliphatic acyloin (2013) Phytochemistry, , http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2013.03.005, (in press); Mant, J., Peakall, R., Schiestl, F.P., Does selection on floral odor promote differentiation among populations and species of the sexually deceptive orchid genus Ophrys? 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Diptera: Psychodidae (1989) Dipterist Digest, 4, pp. 1-83 Approved no  
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Author Khia, A.; Ghanmi, M.; Satrani, B.; Aafi, A.; Aberchane, M.; Quaboul, B.; Chaouch, A.; Amusant, N.; Charrouf, Z. url  openurl
  Title Effect of provenance on the chemical and microbiological quality of essential oils of Rosmarinus officinalis L. in Morocco Type Journal Article
  Year 2014 Publication Phytotherapie Abbreviated Journal Phytotherapie  
  Volume 12 Issue (up) 6 Pages 341-347  
  Keywords Antibacterial; Antifungal activity; Chemical composition; Essential Oil; Provenance; Rosmarinus officinalis  
  Abstract This study is an assessment of the chemical quality and evaluation of antibacterial and antifungal activity of rosemary’s essential oils from three regions of Morocco (Rchida and Berkine/Eastern Morocco and Aknoul/North East of Morocco. The essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation of the leaves and young twigs of rosemary, were analyzed by GC / FID and GC/ MS. These essential oils are characterized by the presence of α and β-pinene, camphene, 1,8-cineole and camphor compounds. The quality of these essential oils met the AFNOR NF ISO 4730 rosemary Morocco kind (1,8-cineole). The evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of essential oils of Rosmarinus officinalis showed low efficacy against microorganisms tested which were all inhibited from 1/100 v/v except for Penicillium expansum whose growth was stopped at the concentration 1/250 v/v.  
  Address Département d’Environnement et Sociétés, UMR EcoFoG, CIRAD, BP 732Kourou cedex, French Guiana  
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  Notes Export Date: 31 December 2014 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 574  
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Author Biwolé, A.B.; Dainou, K.; Fayolle, A.; Hardy, O.J.; Brostaux, Y.; Coste, S.; Delion, S.; Betti, J.L.; Doucet, J.-L. doi  openurl
  Title Light Response of Seedlings of a Central African Timber Tree Species, Lophira alata (Ochnaceae), and the Definition of Light Requirements Type Journal Article
  Year 2015 Publication Biotropica Abbreviated Journal Biotropica  
  Volume 47 Issue (up) 6 Pages 681-688  
  Keywords biomass allocation; Central Africa; light requirement: Lophira alata; population; relative growth rate; seedling growth; timber species; Afrique centrale; allocation de biomasse; besoins en lumière; croissance des semis; bois d'œuvre; Lophira alata; population; taux de croissance relatif  
  Abstract Light is of primary importance in structuring tropical tree communities. Light exposure at seedling and adult stages has been used to characterize the ecological profile of tropical trees, with many implications in forest management and restoration ecology. Most shade-tolerance classification systems have been proposed based on empirical observations in a specific area and thus result in contradictions among categories assigned to a given species. In this study, we aimed to quantify the light requirements for seedling growth of a Central African timber tree, Lophira alata (Ochnaceae), taking into account effects of population origin. In two controlled experiments: a light response experiment and a comparative population experiment, conducted in southwestern Cameroon, using seeds collected from four populations (three from Cameroon and one from Gabon), we examined the quantitative responses to irradiance of seedlings. After 2 years, mortality was very low (<3%), even in extremely low irradiance. Growth and biomass allocation patterns varied in response to light, with intermediate irradiance (24–43%) providing optimal conditions. Light response differed between populations. The Boumba population in the northeastern edge of the species' distribution exhibited the highest light requirements, suggesting a local adaptation. As a result of positive growth at low irradiance and maximum growth at intermediate irradiance, we concluded that L. alata exhibits characteristics of both non-pioneer and pioneer species. Implications of our results to propose an objective way to assign the light requirement for tropical tree species are discussed.  
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  Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 648  
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Author Vanbellingen, Q.P.; Fu, T.; Bich, C.; Amusant, N.; Stien, D.; Della-Negra, S.; Touboul, D.; Brunelle, A. doi  openurl
  Title Mapping Dicorynia guianensis Amsh. wood constituents by submicron resolution cluster-TOF-SIMS imaging Type Journal Article
  Year 2016 Publication Journal of Mass Spectrometry Abbreviated Journal Journal of Mass Spectrometry  
  Volume 51 Issue (up) 6 Pages 412-423  
  Keywords Dicorynia guianensis; heartwood formation; mass spectrometry imaging; Tof-Sims; tropical wood; tryptamine  
  Abstract The preparation of tropical wood surface sections for time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry imaging is described, and the use of delayed extraction of secondary ions and its interest for the analysis of vegetal surface are shown. The method has been applied to the study by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry imaging with a resolution of less than one micron of a tropical wood species, Dicorynia guianensis, which is one of the most exploited wood in French Guiana for its durable heartwood. The heartwood of this species exhibits an economical importance, but its production is not controlled in forestry. Results show an increase of tryptamine from the transition zone and a concomitant decrease of inorganic ions and starch fragment ions. These experiments lead to a better understanding of the heartwood formation and the origin of the natural durability of D. guianensis. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  
  Address Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States  
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  Notes Export Date: 28 June 2016 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 684  
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Author Amusant, N.; Beauchene, J.; Digeon, A.; Chaix, G. url  doi
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  Title Essential oil yield in rosewood (Aniba rosaeodora Ducke): Initial application of rapid prediction by near infrared spectroscopy based on wood spectra Type Journal Article
  Year 2016 Publication Journal of Near Infrared Spectroscopy Abbreviated Journal Journal of Near Infrared Spectroscopy  
  Volume 24 Issue (up) 6 Pages 507-515  
  Keywords Aniba rosaeodora; Calibration; Essential oil yield; Nir; Pls; Rosewood  
  Abstract Rosewood (Aniba rosaeodora) essential oil is a valuable ingredient that has long been used in the perfume and cosmetic industries. The main rosewood timber quality parameters are its essential oil yield and quality. A hydrodistillation method has been developed for yield determination, but it is time consuming. Here we tested the applicability of near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy for determining essential oil yield directly from wood powder. Essential oil from 139 wood powders was extracted via hydrodistillation. The measurements were based on the ratio between the extracted essential oil mass and the oven-dried wood mass and were correlated with the wood powder NIR spectra. The calibration model statistical findings demonstrated that NIR could be a fast and feasible alternative method for selecting trees with a high essential oil yield potential. NIR-based predictions obtained in an independent validation set indicated a high correlation (r2e = 0.92) with laboratory essential oil yield measurements. This NIR model could help wood managers in selecting trees with a high essential oil yield potential and in developing sustainable rosewood management strategies. © IM Publications LLP 2016. All rights reserved.  
  Address ESALQ-USP, Piracicaba, Brazil  
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  Notes Cited By :1; Export Date: 17 January 2017 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 707  
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Author Talaga, S.; Leroy, C.; Céréghino, R.; Dejean, A. doi  openurl
  Title Convergent evolution of intraguild predation in phytotelm-inhabiting mosquitoes Type Journal Article
  Year 2016 Publication Evolutionary Ecology Abbreviated Journal Evol. Ecol.  
  Volume 30 Issue (up) 6 Pages 1133-1147  
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  Abstract Intraguild predation (IGP) is a type of biological interaction involving the killing and consuming of competing species that exploit similar and often limited resources. This phenomenon is widespread among a great variety of taxonomic groups and has already been reported for mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae) larvae. Moreover, the larvae of certain mosquito species of the tribe Sabethini have evolved modified mouthparts ending in rigid apical structures signaling their capacity to be effective intraguild predators. We assumed that IGP confers a selective advantage under severe competitive conditions by both providing an immediate energetic gain and reducing potential competition. Because potential competition is likely to increase with decreasing habitat size, we hypothesized that the proportion of species with modified mouthparts would increase in smaller aquatic habitats. We tested this hypothesis by examining the mosquito species naturally associated with phytotelmata of decreasing sizes in French Guiana. We show that the degree of specialization in mosquito-phytotelm associations is high, suggesting a long coevolutive process. Indeed, short-term interaction experiments confirmed that species with modified mouthparts are able to prey upon similarly-sized intraguild prey and are, thus, effective intraguild predators. In addition, these species are larger and associated with smaller phytotelmata than those with typical mouthparts. Moreover, below a certain threshold of phytotelm size, only species with modified mouthparts were present. These results show that IGP confers a selective advantage under severe competitive conditions and results from the coadaptation of mosquito species to their specific phytotelm habitat. The presence of functionally analogous structures in different mosquito genera also implies that IGP has emerged from convergent evolution in small phytotelmata.  
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  Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Talaga2016 Serial 711  
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Author Talaga, S.; Leroy, C.; Guidez, A.; Dusfour, I.; Girod, R.; Dejean, A.; Murienne, J. pdf  url
doi  openurl
  Title DNA reference libraries of French Guianese mosquitoes for barcoding and metabarcoding Type Journal Article
  Year 2017 Publication PLoS ONE Abbreviated Journal PLoS ONE  
  Volume 12 Issue (up) 6 Pages e0176993  
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  Abstract The mosquito family (Diptera: Culicidae) constitutes the most medically important group of arthropods because certain species are vectors of human pathogens. In some parts of the world, the diversity is so high that the accurate delimitation and/or identification of species is challenging. A DNA-based identification system for all animals has been proposed, the socalled DNA barcoding approach. In this study, our objectives were (i) to establish DNA barcode libraries for the mosquitoes of French Guiana based on the COI and the 16S markers, (ii) to compare distance-based and tree-based methods of species delimitation to traditional taxonomy, and (iii) to evaluate the accuracy of each marker in identifying specimens. A total of 266 specimens belonging to 75 morphologically identified species or morphospecies were analyzed allowing us to delimit 86 DNA clusters with only 21 of them already present in the BOLD database. We thus provide a substantial contribution to the global mosquito barcoding initiative. Our results confirm that DNA barcodes can be successfully used to delimit and identify mosquito species with only a few cases where the marker could not distinguish closely related species. Our results also validate the presence of new species identified based on morphology, plus potential cases of cryptic species. We found that both COI and 16S markers performed very well, with successful identifications at the species level of up to 98% for COI and 97% for 16S when compared to traditional taxonomy. This shows great potential for the use of metabarcoding for vector monitoring and eco-epidemiological studies. © 2017 Talaga et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.  
  Address UMR EDB, CNRS, ENFA, Université de Toulouse Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France  
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  Notes Export Date: 22 June 2017 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 757  
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Author Birer, C.; Tysklind, N.; Zinger, L.; Duplais, C. doi  openurl
  Title Comparative analysis of DNA extraction methods to study the body surface microbiota of insects: A case study with ant cuticular bacteria Type Journal Article
  Year 2017 Publication Molecular Ecology Resources Abbreviated Journal Mol Ecol Resour  
  Volume 17 Issue (up) 6 Pages e34-e45  
  Keywords 16S rRNA; bacterial communities; cuticular microbiome; insect cuticle; metabarcoding  
  Abstract High-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene has considerably helped revealing the essential role of bacteria living on insect cuticles in the ecophysiology and behaviour of their hosts. However, our understanding of host-cuticular microbiota feedbacks remains hampered by the difficulties of working with low bacterial DNA quantities as with individual insect cuticle samples, which are more prone to molecular biases and contaminations. Herein, we conducted a methodological benchmark on the cuticular bacterial loads retrieved from two Neotropical ant species of different body size and ecology: Atta cephalotes (~15 mm) and Pseudomyrmex penetrator (~5 mm). We evaluated the richness and composition of the cuticular microbiota, as well as the amount of biases and contamination produced by four DNA extraction protocols. We also addressed how bacterial community characteristics would be affected by the number of individuals or individual body size used for DNA extraction. Most extraction methods yielded similar results in terms of bacterial diversity and composition for A. cephalotes (~15 mm). In contrast, greater amounts of artefactual sequences and contaminations, as well as noticeable differences in bacterial community characteristics were observed between extraction methods for P. penetrator (~5 mm). We also found that large (~15 mm) and small (~5 mm) A. cephalotes individuals harbour different bacterial communities. Our benchmark suggests that cuticular microbiota of single individual insects can be reliably retrieved provided that blank controls, appropriate data cleaning, and individual body size and functional role within insect society are considered in the experiment.  
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  ISSN 1755-0998 ISBN Medium  
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  Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 781  
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Author Lambs, L.; Bompy, F.; Dulormne, M. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Using an “isotopic spike” from a tropical storm to understand water exchange on a large scale: Case study of Hurricane Rafael in the lesser antilles archipelago, October 2012 Type Journal Article
  Year 2018 Publication Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 32 Issue (up) 6 Pages 457-468  
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  Abstract Rationale: Studies of wetland eco-hydrology in tropical coastal areas are scarce, and the use of water stable isotopes can be of great help. Key constraints for their analysis are (i) the small difference in delta18O values between seawater and old evaporated freshwater, and (ii) the fact that the presence of old brackish water limits the determination of the water origin and dynamic. Methods: The water from tropical storms displays distinctively depleted heavy stable isotopes, in comparison with usual tropical rainfall without strong convective thunderstorms. During tropical storms, such as Hurricane Rafael in mid-October 2012, the rainfall delta18O signal can be decreased by many units. This effect is called an “isotopic spike”, and it could be used as a temporal marker of the water fluxes. Results: Water samples, with delta18O values as low as −8.9/1000, were collected on the islands of Guadeloupe and Saint-Martin during Hurricane Rafael, whereas the usual range of groundwater or mean rainfall delta18O values is around −2.8 +/- 0.5 /1000, as measured from 2009 to 2012. These water “isotopic spikes” allow us to show a surface freshwater uptake by mangrove trees in Guadeloupe, and in Saint-Martin, to calculate the water renewal of the salt ponds and pools. Conclusions: The “isotopic spikes” generated by tropical storms are generally used to track back past storm events, as recorded in trees and stalagmites. Here, the propagation of isotopic spike is followed to improve the understanding of the freshwater circulation and the water dynamic within coastal ecosystems influenced by seawater.  
  Address UMR ECOFOG, Université des Antilles, Guadeloupe, Pointe-à-Pitre, 97159, France  
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  Notes Export Date: 2 September 2018 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 818  
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