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Djenontin Tindo, S.; Amusant, N.; Dangou, J.; Wotto, D.V.; Avlessi, F.; Dahouénon-Ahoussi, E.; Lozano, P.; Pioch, D.; Sohounhloué, K.C.D. |
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Screening of Repellent, Termiticidal and Preventive activities on Wood, of Azadirachta indica and Carapa procera (Meliaceae) seeds oils |
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2012 |
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International Research Journal of Biological Sciences |
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ISCA J. Biological Sci. |
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3 |
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25-29 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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462 |
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Baraloto, C.; Herault, B.; Paine, C.E.T.; Massot, H.; Blanc, L.; Bonal, D.; Molino, J.-F.; Nicolini, E.A.; Sabatier, D. |
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Contrasting taxonomic and functional responses of a tropical tree community to selective logging |
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2012 |
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Journal of Applied Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Appl. Ecol. |
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49 |
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4 |
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861-870 |
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Canopy gap dynamics; Disturbance; French Guiana; Functional diversity; Functional evenness; Functional traits; Light partitioning; Species richness; Tropical rain forest |
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1.Considerable debate surrounds the extent to which tropical forests can be managed for resource extraction while conserving biodiversity and ecosystem properties, which depend on functional composition. Here we evaluate the compatibility of these aims by examining the effects of logging on taxonomic and functional diversity and composition in a tropical forest. 2.Twenty years after selective logging, we inventoried 4140 stems regenerating in logging gaps and adjacent undisturbed areas, and we integrated a database of 13 functional traits describing leaf and wood economics of tropical trees. 3.We found no differences in taxonomic and functional richness among habitats, but logging gaps had significantly higher taxonomic and functional evenness. 4.Logging also effected striking, long-term changes in both species and functional composition. In particular, the xylem density of recruits in logging gaps was 6% less than in unlogged forests, leaves were 11% less tough and had 6-13% greater mineral nutrient concentrations. 5.Synthesis and applications. Our results suggest that managers of tropical forests should limit overall surface area converted to logging gaps by creating fewer, larger gaps during selective logging, to reduce impacts on the taxonomic and functional composition of the regenerating stand. Our results suggest that managers of tropical forests should limit overall surface area converted to logging gaps by creating fewer, larger gaps during selective logging, to reduce impacts on the taxonomic and functional composition of the regenerating stand. © 2012 The Authors. Journal of Applied Ecology © 2012 British Ecological Society. |
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CIRAD-ES, Research Unit 'Biens et Services des Ecosystémes Forestiers tropicaux', Embrapa Amazonia Oriental, Caixa Postal, 48, Belem, Para – CEP 66095-100, Brazil |
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00218901 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 30 July 2012; Source: Scopus; Coden: Japea; doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2664.2012.02164.x; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Baraloto, C.; INRA, UMR 'Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane', 97387 Kourou Cedex, French Guiana; email: chris.baraloto@ecofog.gf |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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410 |
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Paine, C.E.T.; Norden, N.; Chave, J.; Forget, P.-M.; Fortunel, C.; Dexter, K.G.; Baraloto, C. |
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Phylogenetic density dependence and environmental filtering predict seedling mortality in a tropical forest |
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2012 |
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Ecology Letters |
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Ecol. Lett. |
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15 |
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1 |
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34-41 |
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Community assembly; Density dependence; French Guiana; Generalised linear mixed models; Janzen-Connell hypothesis; Seedling recruitment; Species coexistence; Survival |
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Negative density dependence (NDD) and environmental filtering (EF) shape community assembly, but their relative importance is poorly understood. Recent studies have shown that seedling's mortality risk is positively related to the phylogenetic relatedness of neighbours. However, natural enemies, whose depredations often cause NDD, respond to functional traits of hosts rather than phylogenetic relatedness per se. To understand the roles of NDD and EF in community assembly, we assessed the effects on seedling mortality of functional similarity, phylogenetic relatedness and stem density of neighbouring seedlings and adults in a species-rich tropical forest. Mortality risks increased for common species when their functional traits departed substantially from the neighbourhood mean, and for all species when surrounded by close relatives. This indicates that NDD affects community assembly more broadly than does EF, and leads to the tentative conclusion that natural enemies respond to phylogenetically correlated traits. Our results affirm the prominence of NDD in structuring species-rich communities. © 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd/CNRS. |
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Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States |
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1461023x (Issn) |
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Export Date: 13 December 2011; Source: Scopus; Coden: Eclef; doi: 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2011.01705.x; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Paine, C.E.T.; Institut für Evolutionsbiologie und Umweltwissenschaften, Universität Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland; email: timothy.paine@ieu.uzh.ch |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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373 |
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Bordenave, B.; Lehir, F.; Lorans, M. |
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Current knowledge on threatened plant species of French Guiana |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
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Revue d'Ecologie (La Terre et la Vie) |
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Rev. Ecol. Terre Vie |
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67 |
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Suppl.2 |
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29-45 |
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The elaboration of a first list of the most threatened species of the overseas territory of French Guyana was undertaken in 2009 by the Association for Botanical Conservation in French Guiana in collaboration with the National Botanical Conservatory of Brest. Carried out in synergy with the updating of the species list for Natural Areas of Ecological, Faunistic and Floritic Interests supervised by the Region Science Council for Natural Heritage, this work includes 97 vascular plants, 18 of which can be considered as threatened in the state of current knowledge, according to the IUCN criteria which are recommended by the Federation of National Botanical Conservatories. Among these 18 taxa, threatened because of their rarity and the fragility of their natural habitats, 17 are already protected by a 2001 ministry decree and one is from a new genus, Hekkingia bordenavei; nine of these appear to be of high concern for conservation: Cleistes grandifiora (Orchidaceae), Cornutia pubescens (Verbenaceae), Antirhea triflora (Rubiaceae), Himathantus drasticus (Apocynaceae), Axonopus oiapocensis (Poaceae), Psychotria granvillei (Rubiaceae), Eriocaulon guyanense (Eriocaulaceae) along with two palm species subject to National Action Plans for their conservation since 2009, Astrocaryum minus and Bactris nancibaensis. This study also contributes to the on-going “regional Red List” of the French Guiana flora. |
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Étudiant en Master 2, Écologie des Forêts Tropicales, Université de Kourou, 1 rue de l'Université, 97310 Kourou, Guyane Française, France |
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02497395 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 13 April 2012; Source: Scopus; Coden: Retve; Language of Original Document: French; Correspondence Address: Bordenave, B.; BGB Consultance, Botanique Tropicale, 9 route des grandes roches, 29910 Trégunc, France; email: bruno.bordenave@wanadoo.fr |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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390 |
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Malé, P.-J.G.; Leroy, C.; Dejean, A.; Quilichini, A.; Orivel, J. |
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An ant symbiont directly and indirectly limits its host plant's reproductive success |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
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Evolutionary Ecology |
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Evol. Ecol. |
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26 |
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1 |
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55-63 |
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Cheater; Evolutionary conflict; Mutualism breakdown; Myrmecophyte; Pollination |
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In theory, mutualisms are intrinsically unstable, and the search for the maximum profit at the minimum cost should lead every mutualist to become a parasite. From an empirical point of view, mutualisms are ubiquitous and of major importance to ecosystems, suggesting the existence of mechanisms that enhance the maintenance of such relationships. We focused on the obligatory myrmecophytic association between the Neotropical plant Hirtella physophora (Chrysobalanaceae) and the ant Allomerus decemarticulatus (Myrmicinae). The plant shelters the ants in leaf pouches in exchange for protection from phytophagous insects. We experimentally demonstrated that the ants partially castrate their host plant by destroying almost two-thirds of its floral buds. The ants also impede pollination through their presence and interactions with pollinators. These results reveal that ant activity negatively affects the plant's reproduction both directly and indirectly. This dual negative effect does not result in the complete castration of the plant. We also highlight major limitations to plant reproduction due to the spontaneous abscission of flowers and to the limited quantity and/or poor quality of the pollen. These limitations must not be overlooked since they can alter the outcome of the association of H. physophora with its ant partner. We therefore conclude that the evolutionary fate of the relationship depends on both ant castration intensity and obstacles to plant fertilization not related to the presence of ants. © 2011 Springer Science+Business Media B.V. |
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Jardin Botanique Henri Gaussen, 39 Allées Jules Guesde, 31062 Toulouse, France |
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02697653 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 2 January 2012; Source: Scopus; Coden: Evece; doi: 10.1007/s10682-011-9485-7; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Malé, P.-J. G.; CNRS, EDB (Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique), UMR 5174, Université Paul Sabatier, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France; email: pjmale@cict.fr |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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377 |
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Leroy, C.; Corbara, B.; Pélozuelo, L.; Carrias, J.-F.; Dejean, A.; Céréghino, R. |
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Ant species identity mediates reproductive traits and allocation in an ant-garden bromeliad |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
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Annals of Botany |
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Ann. Bot. |
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109 |
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1 |
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145-152 |
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δ15N; Aechmea mertensii; Bromeliaceae; bromeliad; Camponotus femoratus; floral traits; fruit-set; mutualistic ants; Pachycondyla goeldii; reproductive allocation; stable isotopes |
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•Background and Aims: Determining the sources of variation in floral morphology is crucial to understanding the mechanisms underlying Angiosperm evolution. The selection of floral and reproductive traits is influenced by the plants abiotic environment, florivores and pollinators. However, evidence that variations in floral traits result from mutualistic interactions with insects other than pollinators is lacking in the published literature and has rarely been investigated. We aimed to determine whether the association with either Camponotus femoratus or Pachycondyla goeldii (both involved in seed dispersal and plant protection) mediates the reproductive traits and allocation of Aechmea mertensii, an obligatory ant-garden tank-bromeliad, differently.•Methods: Floral and reproductive traits were compared between the two A. mertensii ant-gardens. The nitrogen flux from the ants to the bromeliads was investigated through experimental enrichments with stable isotopes (15N).•Key Results: Camponotus femoratus-associated bromeliads produced inflorescences up to four times longer than did P. goeldii-associated bromeliads. Also, the numbers of flowers and fruits were close to four times higher, and the number of seeds and their mass per fruit were close to 1·5 times higher in C. femoratus than in P. goeldii-associated bromeliads. Furthermore, the 15N-enrichment experiment showed that C. femoratus-associated bromeliads received more nitrogen from ants than did P. goeldii-associated bromeliads, with subsequent positive repercussions on floral development. Greater benefits were conferred to A. mertensii by the association with C. femoratus compared with P. goeldii ants.•Conclusions: We show for the first time that mutualistic associations with ants can result in an enhanced reproductive allocation for the bromeliad A. mertensii. Nevertheless, the strength and direction of the selection of floral and fruit traits change based on the ant species and were not related to light exposure. The different activities and ecological preferences of the ants may play a contrasting role in shaping plant evolution and speciation. © The Author 2011. |
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Université de Toulouse, 118 route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France |
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03057364 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 12 January 2012; Source: Scopus; Coden: Anboa; doi: 10.1093/aob/mcr253; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Leroy, C.; CNRS, UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane (UMR-CNRS 8172), Campus Agronomique, F-97379 Kourou Cedex, France; email: celine.leroy@ecofog.gf |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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378 |
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Basset, C.; Rodrigues, A.M.S.; Eparvier, V.; Silva, M.R.R.; Lopes, N.P.; Sabatier, D.; Fonty, E.; Espindola, L.S.; Stien, D. |
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Secondary metabolites from Spirotropis longifolia (DC) Baill and their antifungal activity against human pathogenic fungi |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
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Phytochemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phytochemistry |
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74 |
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166-172 |
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Antifungal; Cytotoxic; Leguminosae; Monodominant species; Prenylated pterocarpans; Spirotropis longifolia |
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A phytochemical study of the ethyl acetate extract of the roots and adventitious roots of Spirotropis longifolia, a monodominant tree species of the Guianan rainforest, has allowed the isolation of three compounds: 2-hydroxy-8,9-methylenedioxy-2′,2′-dimethylpyrano-[5′, 6′:4,3]-6a-prenyl-[6aS,11aS]-pterocarpan (spirotropin A), 2-hydroxy-8,9-methylenedioxy-2′,2′-dimethyl-3′, 4′-dihydropyrano-[5′,6′:4,3]-6a-prenyl-[6aS,11aS]-pterocarpan (spirotropin B), and 5,7-dihydroxy-6,8-diprenyl-2,2-dimethylpyrano[5,6: 3′,4′]-isoflavone (spirotropone). In addition, 10 known compounds, trans-oxyresveratrol, trans-resveratrol, piceatannol, daidzein, genistein, isoprunetin, lupeol, latifolol, gnetin D and gnetin E, were also isolated. These compounds were evaluated for their antifungal activity and their cytotoxicity, and their structures were established by 1D and 2D NMR, HRMS, CD and optical rotation measurements. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
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CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, 1 avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France |
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00319422 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 23 February 2012; Source: Scopus; Coden: Pytca; doi: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2011.10.011; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Espindola, L.S.; Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil; email: darvenne@unb.br |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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381 |
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Cachet, N.; Ho-A-Kwie, F.; Rivaud, M.; Houel, E.; Deharo, E.; Bourdy, G.; Jullian, V. |
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Picrasin K, a new quassinoid from Quassia amara L. (Simaroubaceae) |
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2012 |
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Phytochemistry Letters |
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Phytochem. Lett. |
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5 |
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1 |
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162-164 |
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Malaria; P. falciparum; Quassia amara; Quassinoids; Simaroubaceae |
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A new quassinoid Picrasin K 1 was isolated from a decoction made of Quassia amara leaves, traditionally used in French Guyana to treat malaria. The structure and relative stereochemistry of 1 was determined through extensive NMR analysis. Picrasin K showed a low activity against Plasmodium falciparum in vitro (IC 50 = 8 μM), and a similar low activity on human cancerous cells line (IC 50 = 7 μM on MCF-7 cells line). © 2011 Phytochemical Society of Europe. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
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CNRS, UMR Ecofog, Université des Antilles et de la Guyane, Cayenne, France |
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18743900 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 8 March 2012; Source: Scopus; doi: 10.1016/j.phytol.2011.12.001; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Jullian, V.; UMR-152 Pharma-Dev, IRD, Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse 3, 31062 Toulouse, France; email: jullian@cict.fr |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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382 |
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Brouard, O.; Céréghino, R.; Corbara, B.; Leroy, C.; Pelozuelo, L.; Dejean, A.; Carrias, J.-F. |
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Understorey environments influence functional diversity in tank-bromeliad ecosystems |
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2012 |
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Freshwater Biology |
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Freshw. Biol. |
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57 |
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4 |
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815-823 |
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Food webs; French Guiana; Invertebrates; Microorganisms; Phytotelmata; Rainforest |
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A substantial fraction of the freshwater available in neotropical forests is impounded within the rosettes of bromeliads that form aquatic islands in a terrestrial matrix. The ecosystem functioning of bromeliads is known to be influenced by the composition of the contained community but it is not clear whether bromeliad food webs remain functionally similar against a background of variation in the understorey environment. We considered a broad range of environmental conditions, including incident light and incoming litter, and quantified the distribution of a very wide range of freshwater organisms (from viruses to macroinvertebrates) to determine the factors that influence the functional structure of bromeliad food webs in samples taken from 171 tank-bromeliads. We observed a gradient of detritus-based to algal-based food webs from the understorey to the overstorey. Algae, rotifers and collector and predatory invertebrates dominated bromeliad food webs in exposed areas, whereas filter-feeding insects had their highest densities in shaded forest areas. Viruses, bacteria and fungi showed no clear density patterns. Detritus decomposition is mainly due to microbial activity in understorey bromeliads where filter feeders are the main consumers of microbial and particulate organic matter (POM). Algal biomass may exceed bacterial biomass in sun-exposed bromeliads where amounts of detritus were lower but functional diversity was highest. Our results provide evidence that tank-bromeliads, which grow in a broad range of ecological conditions, promote aquatic food web diversity in neotropical forests. Moreover, although bromeliad ecosystems have been categorised as detritus-based systems in the literature, we show that algal production can support a non-detrital food web in these systems. © 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd. |
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Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane, UMR, CNRS 8172, Campus Agronomique, 97379 Kourou Cedex, France |
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Export Date: 21 March 2012; Source: Scopus; Coden: Fwbla; doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2427.2012.02749.x; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Céréghino, R.; INP, UPS EcoLab (Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement), Université de Toulouse, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France; email: regis.cereghino@univ-tlse3.fr |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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383 |
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Author |
Revel, N.; Alvarez, N.; Gibernau, M.; Espíndola, A. |
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Title |
Investigating the relationship between pollination strategies and the size-advantage model in zoophilous plants using the reproductive biology of Arum cylindraceum and other European Arum species as case studies |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
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Arthropod-Plant Interactions |
Abbreviated Journal |
Arthropod-Plant Interact. |
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6 |
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1 |
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35-44 |
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Keywords |
Araceae; Flower evolution; Plant-insect interactions; Reproductive strategy; Sex allocation |
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Abstract |
The size-advantage model (SAM) explains the temporal variation of energetic investment on reproductive structures (i. e. male and female gametes and reproductive organs) in long-lived hermaphroditic plants and animals. It proposes that an increase in the resources available to an organism induces a higher relative investment on the most energetically costly sexual structures. In plants, pollination interactions are known to play an important role in the evolution of floral features. Because the SAM directly concerns flower characters, pollinators are expected to have a strong influence on the application of the model. This hypothesis, however, has never been tested. Here, we investigate whether the identity and diversity of pollinators can be used as a proxy to predict the application of the SAM in exclusive zoophilous plants. We present a new approach to unravel the dynamics of the model and test it on several widespread Arum (Araceae) species. By identifying the species composition, abundance and spatial variation of arthropods trapped in inflorescences, we show that some species (i. e. A. cylindraceum and A. italicum) display a generalist reproductive strategy, relying on the exploitation of a low number of dipterans, in contrast to the pattern seen in the specialist A. maculatum (pollinated specifically by two fly species only). Based on the model presented here, the application of the SAM is predicted for the first two and not expected in the latter species, those predictions being further confirmed by allometric measures. We here demonstrate that while an increase in the female zone occurs in larger inflorescences of generalist species, this does not happen in species demonstrating specific pollinators. This is the first time that this theory is both proposed and empirically tested in zoophilous plants. Its overall biological importance is discussed through its application in other non-Arum systems. © 2011 Springer Science+Business Media B.V. |
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CNRS-UMR 8172 Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane, BP 709, 97387 Kourou, France |
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18728855 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 21 March 2012; Source: Scopus; doi: 10.1007/s11829-011-9164-1; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Espíndola, A.; Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Biophore Building, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; email: MariaAnahi.Espindola@unil.ch |
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384 |
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