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Dezerald, O.; Céréghino, R.; Corbara, B.; Dejean, A.; Leroy, C. |
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Title |
Functional trait responses of aquatic macroinvertebrates to simulated drought in a Neotropical bromeliad ecosystem |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Freshwater Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Freshwater Biology |
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60 |
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9 |
Pages |
1917-1929 |
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Food webs; Precipitations; Rainforests; Resistance/resilience; Tipping point |
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The duration of the dry seasons in south-eastern Amazonia is expected to increase. Little is known of how freshwater assemblages respond to drought in the humid rainforests and of the extent to which they resist the absence of rainfall before the collapse of the system. We manipulated rainshelters over tank-forming bromeliads (i.e. the interlocking leaf axils of these plants form wells that collect rainwater) to simulate an exceptionally long dry period (49 days, compared with a 10-year mean ± SD annual maximum number of 17 ± 5.3 days without rainfall at the study site) and then a rewetting period. By sampling weekly over 3 months, we followed the dynamics of the representation of abundance-weighted traits in invertebrate assemblages in these treatment plants and in a control group. The functional structure of assemblages was drought resistant until the water volume in the bromeliad pools dropped by 90%, when there was a sudden shift in the functional trait structure due to the loss of most populations except the drought-resistant culicids. Traits related to life history, body size and preferred food showed significant responses to drought. There was a convergence in the functional traits of species surviving in dry plants, strengthening the idea that environmental filtering, rather than stochasticity, determines the functional trajectory of aquatic assemblages during drought. At the end of the dry period, samples of the detritus potentially containing drought-resistant eggs/cysts (and eventually live larvae) were taken from the dry plants and rewetted in the laboratory, allowing us to distinguish resistant species from those requiring recolonisation via subsequent oviposition by adults from elsewhere. Patches of water-filled bromeliads persisting in the area provided the most important pool of colonists, and communities returned to the pre-disturbance state within 1-2 weeks of rewetting. Our results suggest that the functional trait structure of invertebrate assemblages in bromeliads could remain stable under scenarios of precipitation change that would triple the duration of current dry periods at a local scale. Future experiments should evaluate how environmental factors might alter the tipping point between resistance to drought and a collapse in ecosystem processes. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. |
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IRD, UMR AMAP (botAnique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des vegetations), Boulevard de la Lironde, TA A-51/PS2, Montpellier Cedex 5, France |
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Export Date: 27 August 2015 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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616 |
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Shepard, W.D.; Clavier, S.; Cerdan, A. |
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A generic key to the known larval elmidae (Insecta: Coleoptera) of French Guiana |
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Journal Article |
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2020 |
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Papeis Avulsos de Zoologia |
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Pap. Avulsos Zool. |
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60 |
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e202060 |
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Biodiversity; Identification; Immatures; Neotropical; Survey |
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An identification key is provided for 21 larval types of Elmidae (riffle beetles) known to occur in French Guiana. Not all elmid genera known to occur in French Guiana are known in the larval stage. Nor are all the known larval types assigned to known elmid genera. © 2020, Universidade de Sao Paulo. All rights reserved. |
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CNRS, UMR EcoFog (AgroParisTech, CIRAD, INRA, Université des Antilles, Université de Guyane), Kourou Cedex, France |
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Universidade de Sao Paulo |
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00311049 (Issn) |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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980 |
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Essebtey, Salma El Idrissi ; Villard, Ludovic ; Borderies, Pierre ; Koleck, Thierry ; Burban, Benoït ; Le Toan, Thuy |
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Long-Term Trends of P-Band Temporal Decorrelation Over a Tropical Dense Forest-Experimental Results for the BIOMASS Mission |
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2021 |
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IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing |
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60 |
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1-15 |
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Fostered by the upcoming BIOMASS mission, this article explores long-term trends of P-band temporal decorrelation over a tropical forest due to a time series of 617 days acquired during the TropiScat-2 experiment. The interest in this unique time series is twofold. First, it provides consistent statistics to monitor the yearly evolution of temporal coherences according to specific time scales of the BIOMASS tomographic and interferometric phases. Second, it provides key insights to explore new processing approaches with the combination of data from different orbit directions (ascending/descending) and different mission cycles separated by about seven months according to the current acquisition plan. For the first time, this study shows that 18-day coherences (corresponding to the time interval between the first and last acquisitions of the BIOMASS tomographic processing) can vary significantly according to rainy and dry seasons (medians from 0.3 to 0.9). The extension to time intervals of up to 90 days within both seasons and over two consecutive years puts forward the key role of the typical sporadic rainfalls occurring during dry periods in tropical rainforests, with a stronger impact on temporal coherence evolution compared to the more reproducible rainy seasons. Furthermore, outstanding values significantly above zero have been obtained for the 7- and 14-month coherences (medians of 0.35 and 0.2, respectively), opening the way to new methods of change detection. Overall, this study highlights the role of P-band temporal decorrelation not only as a disturbance factor for coherent applications but also as a relevant indicator of forest changes. |
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Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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1060 |
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Almeras, T.; Gril, J.; Yamamoto, H. |
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Modelling anisotropic maturation strains in wood in relation to fibre boundary conditions, microstructure and maturation kinetics |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2005 |
Publication |
Holzforschung |
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Holzforschung |
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59 |
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3 |
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347-353 |
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anisotropy; boundary conditions; cell-wall maturation; growth strain; multilayer model; residual stress; wood fibre |
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A generalisation of existing mechanical models is proposed to account for the relation between wood macroscopic properties and fibre microstructure and chemical composition. It is applied to understanding of the origin of anisotropic maturation strains measured at the outermost surface of the xylem. Various assumptions are considered for boundary conditions of the fibre during the progressive maturation process and are applied to experimental data from the literature. Assumptions that the fibre is fully restrained in displacement, or fully unrestrained or unrestrained in the transverse direction only are all incompatible with observations. Indeed, within the tree, the fibre is restrained in the longitudinal and tangential directions, but unrestrained in the radial direction towards the bark. Mixed boundary conditions must be introduced to correctly simulate both longitudinal and tangential maturation strains. In the context of an analytical axisymmetric model, this is estimated by considering a parameter of partial release of tangential stress during maturation. Consistence with data and with finite element computation in the case of a square fibre confirmed that, because of the unrestrained radial condition, a large part of the tangential maturation stress is released in situ. |
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Nagoya Univ, Grad Sch Bioagr Sci, Lab Biomat Phys, Chikusa Ku, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan, Email: tancrede@nuagr1.agr.nagoya-u.ac.jp |
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WALTER DE GRUYTER & CO |
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0018-3830 |
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ISI:000228828800016 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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256 |
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Tindo, M.; Mbenoun Masse, P.S.; Kenne, M.; Mony, R.; Orivel, J.; Doumtsop Fotio, A.; Fotso Kuaté, A.; Djiéto-Lordon, C.; Fomena, A.; Estoup, A.; Dejean, A.; Foucaud, J. |
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Current distribution and population dynamics of the little fire ant supercolony in cameroon |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
Publication |
Insectes Sociaux |
Abbreviated Journal |
Insectes Sociaux |
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59 |
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2 |
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175-182 |
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Auropunctata; Dispersion; Invasive ants; Reproduction strategy; Unicoloniality; Wasmannia |
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The little fire ant, Wasmannia auropunctata, is native to Central America, but has been introduced into many parts of the world. We examined the current distribution of W. auropunctata in Cameroon, tested for aggression between workers from different parts of the country, and examined the genotypes of workers, queens, and males to evaluate the mating system. We found W. auropunctata at 36 sites in three provinces (Centre, East, and South). We found W. auropunctata only in human-disturbed habitats. Its spread appears to be primarily human mediated. Aggressive behaviour was almost non-existent between workers from different sites, indicating that there is only one supercolony in Cameroon. Our genetic analysis found that only one male/female pair of clones was introduced into Cameroon, probably from Gabon. No new male clonal lineage was identified, whereas new sexually derived female clonal lineages were noted. Apart from the genotype of the founding queen, which was well distributed but generally not dominant, a new clonal queen genotype emerged and was both omnipresent and dominant at most sites. These results may be useful in the development of management strategies. © International Union for the Study of Social Insects (IUSSI) 2011. |
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Laboratoire Evolution Genome Speciation, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Avenue de la Terrasse, F 91198 Gif sur Yvette, France |
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00201812 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 24 April 2012; Source: Scopus; Coden: Insoa; doi: 10.1007/s00040-011-0202-x; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Tindo, M.; Département de Biologie des Organismes Animaux, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Douala, BP 24157 Douala, Cameroon; email: tindodouala@yahoo.com |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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392 |
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Van Langenhove, Leandro ; Verryckt, Lore T. ; Stahl, Clement ; Courtois, Elodie A. ; Urbina, Ifigenia ; Grau, Oriol ; Asensio, Dolores ; Peguero, Guille ; Margalef, Olga ; Freycon, Vincent ; Penuelas, Josep ; Janssens, Ivan A. |
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Soil nutrient variation along a shallow catena in Paracou, French Guiana |
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Journal Article |
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2021 |
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Soil Research |
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59 |
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2 |
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130 |
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French Guiana, lowland tropical forest, Paracou, phosphorus, topography, water drainage. |
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Tropical forests are generally considered to stand upon nutrient-poor soils, but soil nutrient concentrations and availabilities can vary greatly at local scale due to topographic effects on erosion and water drainage. In this study we physically and chemically characterised the soils of 12 study plots situated along a catena with a shallow slope in a tropical rainforest in French Guiana both during the wet and the dry season to evaluate seasonal differences. Soils along the catena were all Acrisols, but differed strongly in their water drainage flux. Over time, this differential drainage has led to differences in soil texture and mineral composition, affecting the adsorption of various nutrients, most importantly phosphorus. The more clayey soils situated on the slope of the catena had higher total concentrations of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and several micronutrients, while extractable nutrient concentrations were highest in the sandiest soils situated at the bottom of the catena. We found that carbon, nitrogen and extractable nutrients all varied seasonally, especially in the surface soil layer. These results are interesting because they show that, even at the local scale, small differences in topography can lead to large heterogeneity in nutrient concentrations, which can have large impacts on plant and microbial community organisation at the landscape level. |
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CSIRO Publishing |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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1042 |
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Christensen-Dalsgaard, K.K.; Ennos, A.R.; Fournier, M. |
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Changes in hydraulic conductivity, mechanical properties, and density reflecting the fall in strain along the lateral roots of two species of tropical trees |
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Journal Article |
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2007 |
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Journal of Experimental Botany |
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J. Exp. Bot. |
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58 |
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15-16 |
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4095-4105 |
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Buttress roots; Density; Hydraulic conductivity; Hydraulic-mechanical trade-offs; Modulus of elasticity; Tropical trees; Wood; Elastic moduli; Hydraulic conductivity; Wood; Buttress roots; Hydraulic-mechanical trade-offs; Tropical trees; Forestry; water; article; biomechanics; histology; legume; physiology; plant root; plant stem; tree; wood; Xylopia; Biomechanics; Fabaceae; Plant Roots; Plant Stems; Trees; Water; Wood; Xylopia; Conductivity; Elastic Strength; Forestry; Wood |
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Roots have been described as having larger vessels and so greater hydraulic efficiency than the stem. Differences in the strength and stiffness of the tissue within the root system itself are thought to be an adaptation to the loading conditions experienced by the roots and to be related to differences in density. It is not known how potential mechanical adaptations may affect the hydraulic properties of the roots. The change in strength, stiffness, conductivity, density, sapwood area, and second moment of area distally along the lateral roots of two tropical tree species in which the strain is known to decrease rapidly was studied and the values were compared with those of the trunk. It was found that as the strain fell distally along the roots, so did the strength and stiffness of the tissue, whereas the conductivity increased exponentially. These changes appeared to be related to differences in density. In contrast to the distal-most roots, the tissue of the proximal roots had a lower conductivity and higher strength than that of the trunk. This suggests that mechanical requirements on the structure rather than the water potential gradient from roots to branches are responsible for the general pattern that roots have larger vessels than the stem. In spite of their increased transectional area, the buttressed proximal roots were subjected to higher levels of stress and had a lower total conductivity than the rest of the root system. © 2007 The Author(s). |
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AgroParisTech, LERFOB, Ecole Nationale du Genie Rural, des Eaux et Forêts, 14 Avenue Girardet-CS 4216, 54000 Nancy Cedex, France |
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00220957 (Issn) |
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Cited By (since 1996): 6; Export Date: 22 October 2011; Source: Scopus; Coden: Jeboa; doi: 10.1093/jxb/erm268; PubMed ID: 18039738; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Christensen-Dalsgaard, K.K.; University of Manchester, Faculty of Life Sciences, Jackson's Mill, Manchester M60 1QD, United Kingdom; email: karen@cd-mail.dk; Chemicals/CAS: water, 7732-18-5; Water, 7732-18-5 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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353 |
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Talaga, S.; Delabie, J.H.C.; Dezerald, O.; Salas-Lopez, A.; Petitclerc, F.; Leroy, C.; Herault, B.; Céréghino, R.; Dejean, A. |
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A bromeliad species reveals invasive ant presence in urban areas of French Guiana |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Ecological Indicators |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ecological Indicators |
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58 |
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1-7 |
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Aechmea aquilega; Bioindicators; Non-specific ant-plant relationships; Surrogacy; Tank bromeliads; Urban ecology |
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Tank bromeliads, frequently associated with ants, are considered 'biodiversity amplifiers' for both aquatic and terrestrial organisms, and thus have a high ecological value. The focal species of this study, Aechmea aquilega, sheltered the colonies of 12 ant species in a Guianese rural habitat where Odontomachus haematodus, associated with 60% of these plants, was the most frequent. Unexpectedly, the ant species richness was higher in a compared urban habitat with 21 species, but two synanthropic and four invasive ants were noted among them. Consequently, we conducted baiting surveys (on the ground, on trees and on trees bearing A. aquilega) as well as complementary surveys using different sampling modes in urban areas to test if A. aquilega is a surrogate revealing the presence of certain invasive ants. During the baiting survey, we recorded four Neotropical and eight introduced invasive ants out of a total of 69 species. Of these 12 invasive species, five were noted by baiting A. aquilega (including two only noted in this way). A bootstrap simulation permitted us to conclude that A. aquilega significantly concentrates certain species of invasive ants. This was confirmed by complementary surveys, where we did not record further species. We conclude that baiting on trees bearing large epiphytes in human-modified, Neotropical areas is a relevant complement to the early detection of invasive ants. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
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CNRS Ecolab (UMR-CNRS 5245), 118 Route de Narbonne, Toulouse, France |
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Export Date: 23 June 2015 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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607 |
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Dutech, C.; Maggia, L.; Tardy, C.; Joly, H.I.; Jarne, P. |
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Tracking a genetic signal of extinction-recolonization events in a neotropical tree species: Vouacapoua americana aublet in french guiana |
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Journal Article |
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2003 |
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Evolution |
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Evolution |
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57 |
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12 |
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2753-2764 |
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allelic richness; caesalpinioideae; chloroplast DNA; climatic changes; cytonuclear disequilibrium; legummosae; microsatellite loci; tropical rainforest |
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Drier periods from the late Pleistocene and early Holocene have been hypothesized to have caused the disappearance of various rainforest species over large geographical areas in South America and restricted the extant populations to mesic sites. Subsequent improvement in climatic conditions has been associated with recolonization. Changes in population size associated with these extinction-recolonization events should have affected genetic diversity within species. However, these historical hypotheses and their genetic consequences have rarely been tested in South America. Here, we examine the diversity of the chloroplast and nuclear genomes in a Neotropical rainforest tree species, Vouacapoua americana (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae) in French Guiana. The chloroplast diversity was analyzed using a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method (six pairs of primers) in 29 populations distributed over most of French Guiana, and a subset of 17 populations was also analyzed at nine polymorphic microsatellite loci. To determine whether this species has experienced extinction-recolonization, we sampled populations in areas supposedly not or only slightly affected by climatic changes, where the populations would not have experienced frequent extinction, and in areas that appear to have been recently recolonized. In the putatively recolonized areas, we found patches of several thousands of hectares homogeneous for chloroplast variation that can be interpreted as the effect of recolonization processes from several geographical origins. In addition, we observed that, for both chloroplast and nuclear genomes, the populations in newly recolonized areas exhibited a significantly smaller allelic richness than others. Controlling for geographic distance, we also detected a significant correlation between chloroplast and nuclear population differentiation. This result indicates a cytonuclear disequilibrium that can be interpreted as a historical signal of a genetic divergence between fragmented populations. In conclusion, the spatial genetic structure of contemporary V. americana populations shows evidence that this species has experienced large extinction-recolonization events, which were possibly caused by past climatic change. |
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CIRAD Foret, Silvolab, Ecol Mol, F-97387 Kourou, France, Email: laruent.maggia@cirad.fr |
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SOC STUDY EVOLUTION |
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0014-3820 |
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ISI:000188061800007 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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241 |
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Clair, B.; Jaouen, G.; Beauchene, J.; Fournier, M. |
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Mapping radial, tangential and longitudinal shrinkages and relation to tension wood in discs of the tropical tree Symphonia globulifera |
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Journal Article |
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2003 |
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Holzforschung |
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Holzforschung |
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57 |
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6 |
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665-671 |
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Keywords |
drying shrinkage; tension wood; Symphonia globulifera L. f. |
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Abstract |
A method for measuring shrinkage resulting from drying in the three anisotropic directions is developed and tested. Measurements are performed on sawn discs, a technique which simplifies preparation and enables large numbers of measurements. Shrinkage values can be represented as a map of the disc surface. The results indicate that comparisons between shrinkage distribution and tension wood distribution on the discs show a clear relationship and can be measured with relatively high accuracy in reference to the shrinkage map. In the long term, this method could be useful in the timber industry as a means for choosing the direction in which logs are cut depending on their type of wood composition. |
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Address |
CIRAD ENGREF INRA, UMR Ecol Forets Guyane, Kourou 97379, French Guiana |
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Publisher |
WALTER DE GRUYTER & CO |
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ISSN |
0018-3830 |
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Notes |
ISI:000186257800016 |
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no |
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Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
243 |
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