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Maia, A.C.D.; Gibernau, M.; Carvalho, A.T.; Gonçalves, E.G.; Schlindwein, C. |
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The cowl does not make the monk: Scarab beetle pollination of the Neotropical aroid Taccarum ulei (Araceae: Spathicarpeae) |
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2013 |
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Biological Journal of the Linnean Society |
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108 |
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1 |
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22-34 |
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Flower predation; Nocturnal pollinators; Pollination syndromes; Scarabaeidae; Thermogenesis |
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Taccarum ulei (Araceae, Spathicarpeae) is a seasonal geophytic aroid, native to north-eastern Brazil, that flowers during two months of the rainy season. Patterns of floral thermogenesis, pollination biology, and floral traits associated with pollination syndromes were studied and compared with those of other Araceae. Two species of cyclocephaline scarabs (Scarabaeidae, Cyclocephalini) were recognized as effective pollinators: Cyclocephala celata and Cyclocephala cearae. Larvae of an unidentified species of fruit fly (Melanolomaspp., Richardiidae, Diptera) were also frequently observed in inflorescences at various maturation stages, feeding on the connectives of male florets and fruits, and thus lowering the reproductive success of individual plants. Beetles were attracted by odoriferous inflorescences in the early evening of the first day of anthesis, during the female phase. The emission of attractive volatiles was coupled with intense thermogenic activity in the entire spadix, unlike other aroids in which only certain zones of the spadix heat up. Pollen release, which marks the beginning of the male phase on the subsequent evening, was not related to floral thermogenesis. Comparative multivariate analysis of the floral traits of T.ulei points to a beetle-pollinated aroid, although some of the observed traits of the species are not common to other taxa sharing this pollination strategy. Such incongruence might be explained by the evolutionary history of the tribe Spathicarpeae and potential pollinator shifts. © 2012 The Linnean Society of London. |
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Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Brazil |
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Export Date: 3 January 2013; Source: Scopus |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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453 |
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Cottet, K.; Genta-Jouve, G.; Fromentin, Y.; Odonne, G.; Duplais, C.; Laprévote, O.; Michel, S.; Lallemand, M.-C. |
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Comparative LC-MS-based metabolite profiling of the ancient tropical rainforest tree Symphonia globulifera |
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Journal Article |
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2014 |
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Phytochemistry |
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Phytochemistry |
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108 |
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102-108 |
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Kendrick mass defect; Lc-Ms; Plant organs; Symphonia globulifera; Untargeted metabolomics; Symphonia globulifera |
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In the last few years, several phytochemical studies have been undertaken on the tropical tree Symphonia globulifera leading to the isolation and characterisation of several compounds exhibiting antiparasitic activities against Plasmodium falciparum, Trypanosoma brucei and Leishmania donovani. The comparative LC-MS based metabolite profiling study conducted on the tree led to the identification of compounds originating from specific tissues. The results showed that renewable organs/tissues can be used as the starting material for the production of polycyclic poly-prenylated-acylphloroglucinols, therefore reducing impacts on biodiversity. This study also underlined the lack of knowledge on the secondary metabolites produced by S. globulifera since only a small number of the total detected features were putatively identified using the database of known compounds for the species. |
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Laboratoire de Chimie et Toxicologie Analytique et Cellulaire, UMR 8638, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris Cité, 4 Avenue de l'ObservatoireParis, France |
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Elsevier Ltd |
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00319422 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 2 December 2014; Coden: Pytca; Correspondence Address: Genta-Jouve, G.; Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie, UMR 8638, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris Cité, 4 Avenue de l'Observatoire, France |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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569 |
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Valverde-Barrantes, Oscar J. ; Authier, Louise ; Schimann, Heidy ; Baraloto, Christophier |
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Root anatomy helps to reconcile observed root trait syndromes in tropical tree species |
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2021 |
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American Journal of Botany |
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108 |
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5 |
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744-755 |
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Botanical Society of America |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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1056 |
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Scotti-Saintagne, C.; Bodenes, C.; Barreneche, T.; Bertocchi, E.; Plomion, C.; Kremer, A. |
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Detection of quantitative trait loci controlling bud burst and height growth in Quercus robur L |
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2004 |
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Theoretical and Applied Genetics |
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Theor. Appl. Genet. |
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109 |
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8 |
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1648-1659 |
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Genetic variation of bud burst and early growth components was estimated in a full-sib family of Quercus robur L. comprising 278 offspring. The full sibs were vegetatively propagated, and phenotypic assessments were made in three field tests. This two-generation pedigree was also used to construct a genetic linkage map (12 linkage groups, 128 markers) and locate quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling bud burst and growth components. In each field test, the date of bud burst extended over a period of 20 days from the earliest to the latest clone. Bud burst exhibited higher heritability (0.15-0.51) than growth components (0.04-0.23) and also higher correlations across field tests. Over the three tests there were 32 independent detected QTLs (Pless than or equal to5% at the chromosome level) controlling bud burst, which likely represent at least 12 unique genes or chromosomal regions controlling this trait. QTLs explained from 3% to 11% of the variance of the clonal means. The number of QTLs controlling height growth components was lower and varied between two and four. However the contribution of each QTL to the variance of the clonal mean was higher (from 4% to 19%). These results indicate that the genetic architecture of two important fitness-related traits are quite different. On the one hand, bud burst is controlled by several QTLs with rather low to moderate effects, but contributing to a high genetic (additive) variance. On the other hand, height growth depends on fewer QTLs with moderate to strong effects, resulting in lower heritabilities of the trait. |
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INRA, UMR Biodivers Genes & Ecosyst, F-33612 Cestas, France, Email: antoine.kremer@pierroton.inra.fr |
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SPRINGER |
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0040-5752 |
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ISI:000225054800012 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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260 |
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Leroy, C.; Corbara, B.; Pélozuelo, L.; Carrias, J.-F.; Dejean, A.; Céréghino, R. |
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Ant species identity mediates reproductive traits and allocation in an ant-garden bromeliad |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
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Annals of Botany |
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Ann. Bot. |
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109 |
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1 |
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145-152 |
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δ15N; Aechmea mertensii; Bromeliaceae; bromeliad; Camponotus femoratus; floral traits; fruit-set; mutualistic ants; Pachycondyla goeldii; reproductive allocation; stable isotopes |
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•Background and Aims: Determining the sources of variation in floral morphology is crucial to understanding the mechanisms underlying Angiosperm evolution. The selection of floral and reproductive traits is influenced by the plants abiotic environment, florivores and pollinators. However, evidence that variations in floral traits result from mutualistic interactions with insects other than pollinators is lacking in the published literature and has rarely been investigated. We aimed to determine whether the association with either Camponotus femoratus or Pachycondyla goeldii (both involved in seed dispersal and plant protection) mediates the reproductive traits and allocation of Aechmea mertensii, an obligatory ant-garden tank-bromeliad, differently.•Methods: Floral and reproductive traits were compared between the two A. mertensii ant-gardens. The nitrogen flux from the ants to the bromeliads was investigated through experimental enrichments with stable isotopes (15N).•Key Results: Camponotus femoratus-associated bromeliads produced inflorescences up to four times longer than did P. goeldii-associated bromeliads. Also, the numbers of flowers and fruits were close to four times higher, and the number of seeds and their mass per fruit were close to 1·5 times higher in C. femoratus than in P. goeldii-associated bromeliads. Furthermore, the 15N-enrichment experiment showed that C. femoratus-associated bromeliads received more nitrogen from ants than did P. goeldii-associated bromeliads, with subsequent positive repercussions on floral development. Greater benefits were conferred to A. mertensii by the association with C. femoratus compared with P. goeldii ants.•Conclusions: We show for the first time that mutualistic associations with ants can result in an enhanced reproductive allocation for the bromeliad A. mertensii. Nevertheless, the strength and direction of the selection of floral and fruit traits change based on the ant species and were not related to light exposure. The different activities and ecological preferences of the ants may play a contrasting role in shaping plant evolution and speciation. © The Author 2011. |
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Université de Toulouse, 118 route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France |
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03057364 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 12 January 2012; Source: Scopus; Coden: Anboa; doi: 10.1093/aob/mcr253; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Leroy, C.; CNRS, UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane (UMR-CNRS 8172), Campus Agronomique, F-97379 Kourou Cedex, France; email: celine.leroy@ecofog.gf |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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378 |
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Siebicke, L.; Hunner, M.; Foken, T. |
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Aspects of CO 2 advection measurements |
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2012 |
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Theoretical and Applied Climatology |
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Theor. Appl. Climatol. |
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109 |
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1-2 |
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109-131 |
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Observations of vegetation-atmosphere exchange of carbon dioxide (CO 2) by the eddy covariance (EC) technique are limited by difficult conditions such as nighttime and heterogeneous terrain. Thus, advective flux components are included into the net ecosystem exchange (NEE) budget. However, advection measurements are experimentally challenging and do not always help to solve the night flux problem of the EC technique. This study investigates alternative methods for the observation of horizontal advection, in particular horizontal concentration gradients, as well as different approaches to coordinate rotation and vertical advection. Continuous high-frequency measurements of the horizontal CO 2 concentration field are employed and compared to the often used discontinuous sequential sampling. Significant differences were found in the case of 30-min mean concentration values between the conventional discontinuous sampling approach and the complete observation of the time series by continuous sampling. Estimates of vertical advection rely on accurate estimates of vertical wind velocity (W). Therefore, different approaches to the planar fit coordinate rotation have been investigated. Sector-wise rotation was able to eliminate directional dependencies of mean W. Furthermore, the effect of the data set length used for rotation (window length) was investigated and was found to have significant impact on estimates of vertical advection, with larger window lengths yielding about 50% larger vertical advection. A sequential planar fit with controlled window length is proposed to give reproducible results. The different approaches to the measurement and calculation of horizontal and vertical advection presented are applied to data obtained during the exchange processes in mountainous region experiment at the FLUXNET site Waldstein-Weidenbrunnen (DE-Bay). Estimates of NEE including advection are compared to NEE from turbulent and storage flux alone without advection. NEE including vertical advection with sector-wise planar fit rotation and controlled window length and including horizontal advection from continuous gradient measurements, which were comprehensively bias corrected by a new approach, did compare well with the expected night flux error, with meteorological drivers of the fluxes and with soil chamber measurements. Unrealistically large and noisy values of horizontal advection from the conventional discontinuous sampling approach, which lead to unrealistic values of NEE, could be eliminated by the alternative approaches presented. We therefore suggest the further testing of those approaches at other sites in order to improve the accuracy of advection measurements and, subsequently, estimates of NEE. © 2011 Springer-Verlag. |
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Wind Cert Services, TÜV SÜD Industrie Service GmbH, Ludwig-Eckert-Str. 10, 93049 Regensburg, Germany |
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0177798x (Issn) |
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Export Date: 27 June 2012; Source: Scopus; doi: 10.1007/s00704-011-0552-3; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Siebicke, L.; Department of Micrometeorology, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany; email: lukas.siebicke@uni-bayreuth.de |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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406 |
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Chaves, C.L.; Degen, B.; Pakull, B.; Mader, M.; Honorio, E.; Ruas, P.; Tysklind, N.; Sebbenn, A.M. |
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Assessing the Ability of Chloroplast and Nuclear DNA Gene Markers to Verify the Geographic Origin of Jatoba (Hymenaea courbaril L.) Timber |
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2018 |
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Journal of Heredity |
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109 |
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5 |
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543-552 |
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forensics; illegal logging; nSSRs; SNPs; timber tracking; tropical trees |
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Deforestation-reinforced by illegal logging-is a serious problem in many tropical regions and causes pervasive environmental and economic damage. Existing laws that intend to reduce illegal logging need efficient, fraud resistant control methods. We developed a genetic reference database for Jatoba (Hymenaea courbaril), an important, high value timber species from the Neotropics. The data set can be used for controls on declarations of wood origin. Samples from 308 Hymenaea trees from 12 locations in Brazil, Bolivia, Peru, and French Guiana have been collected and genotyped on 10 nuclear microsatellites (nSSRs), 13 chloroplast SNPs (cpSNP), and 1 chloroplast indel marker. The chloroplast gene markers have been developed using Illumina DNA sequencing. Bayesian cluster analysis divided the individuals based on the nSSRs into 8 genetic groups. Using self-assignment tests, the power of the genetic reference database to judge on declarations on the location has been tested for 3 different assignment methods. We observed a strong genetic differentiation among locations leading to high and reliable self-assignment rates for the locations between 50% to 100% (average of 88%). Although all 3 assignment methods came up with similar mean self-assignment rates, there were differences for some locations linked to the level of genetic diversity, differentiation, and heterozygosity. Our results show that the nuclear and chloroplast gene markers are effective to be used for a genetic certification system and can provide national and international authorities with a robust tool to confirm legality of timber. © 2018 The American Genetic Association. All rights reserved. |
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Instituto Florestal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil |
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Export Date: 1 September 2018 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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817 |
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Vergne, Antoine ; Darbot, Vincent ; Bardot, Corinne ; Enault, François ; Le Jeune, Anne-Hélène ; Carrias, Jean-François ; Corbara, Bruno ; Céréghino, Régis ; Leroy, Celine ; Jeanthon, Christian ; Giraud, Eric ; Mary, Isabelle ; Lehours, Anne-Catherine |
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Assemblages of anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria in tank bromeliads exhibit a host-specific signatureit |
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2021 |
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Journal of Ecology |
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109 |
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7 |
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2550-2565 |
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Anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria (APB) are a very significant metabolic functional group in the phytotelmata of tank-forming Bromeliaceae plants. Considering the close relationships existing between the bromeliad and its tank microbiota, the dominance of APB raises the question of their role in the ecology and evolution of these plants. Here, using pufM gene sequencing for taxonomic profiling, we investigated the structure of APB communities in the tanks of five bromeliad species exhibiting different habitat characteristics (i.e. physicochemical factors associated with the host), and occurring in different localities of French Guiana.
We found that APB assemblages were specific to plant species and were less dependent on location or on bromeliad habitat characteristics. This convergence suggests that the identity of the bromeliad species per se is more important than habitat filtering or dispersal to control specific assembly rules for APB. The pufM OTUs were affiliated with five orders of Alpha- and Beta-proteobacteria (Rhodobacterales, Sphingomonadales, Rhizobiales, Burkholderiales and Rhodospirillales), and we assume that they may be major components of the core microbiota of plant-held waters. Our findings also revealed that up to 79% of the sequences were affiliated with APB clades possessing nitrogen-fixing genes suggesting that this metabolic capability is widespread within the APB community inhabiting tank bromeliads. We hypothesized that bromeliads may benefit nutritionally from associations with free-living APB capable to fix atmospheric nitrogen. Synthesis. Understanding the dominance of APB in tank bromeliads and determining whether a potential interplay exists between these partners is an intriguing aspect of possible mutualistic and coevolving interactions between the two existing forms of chlorophototrophy (i.e. bacteriochlorophyll-based anoxygenic and chlorophyll-based oxygenic phototrophy). In the present study, we found that bromeliad species was the main factor that explained variance in APB community composition. These findings suggest that APB and tank bromeliads may have a close, mutualistic relationship and we hypothesize according to our genomic analyses that APB may promote the bromeliad growth by provisioning essential nutrients like nitrogen. |
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British Ecological Society |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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1023 |
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Odonne, G.; Bourdy, G.; Beauchene, J.; Houel, E.; Stien, D.; Chevolot, L.; Deharo, E. |
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From Tonic-cups to Bitter-cups: Kwasi bita beker from Suriname Determination, past and present use of an ancient galenic artefact |
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2007 |
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Journal of Ethnopharmacology |
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J. Ethnopharmacol. |
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110 |
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2 |
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318-322 |
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Tonic-cup; Bitter-cup; Quassia amara; Suriname; traditional remedy |
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In the main markets of Paramaribo (Suriname), many stands offer what is locally called “Bitter-cups”, or “Kwasi bita beker”, small footed-cups, roughly carved from a whitish wood. The use of these cups is strictly medicinal and it seems to be restricted to Suriname, as they are not found in neighbouring countries (Guyana, French Guiana). The aim of this study was to identify the botanical origin of Bitter-cups still in use in the Saramaka traditional medicine (as information from field people was controversial), and document the ethnopharmacology of this original galenical artefact. Microscopic and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analyses were carried out on Bitter-cup, and anatomical criteria (marginal parenchyma band, size of intervessel and vessel-ray pits, rays width and rays composition, vessels clustering, frequency and size of parenchyma pits) together with HPLC profiles of the macerates showed that the wood cup was similar to Quassia amara L. (Simaroubaceae) wood. Ethnopharmacological investigation indicates that the use of these cups is simply due to the pharmacological properties attributed to “bitters”, and is strongly linked to tradition and cultural attitudes. This study also emphasizes the long lasting use of these cups, now restricted to Suriname only, with almost no variation over one century. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. |
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Univ Toulouse 3, Ctr IRD, UMR 152, F-97323 Cayenne, France, Email: genevieve.bourdy@ird.fr |
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ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD |
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ISI:000245486900012 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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Author |
Colin, F.; Sanjines, A.; Fortin, M.; Bontemps, J.-D.; Nicolini, E. |
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Title |
Fagus sylvatica trunk epicormics in relation to primary and secondary growth |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Annals of Botany |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ann. Bot. |
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110 |
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5 |
Pages |
995-1005 |
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Keywords |
epicormics; European beech; Fagus sylvatica; mixed ZIP models; ontogeny; radial growth; sprouting |
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Abstract |
Background and AimsEuropean beech epicormics have received far less attention than epicormics of other species, especially sessile oak. However, previous work on beech has demonstrated that there is a negative effect of radial growth on trunk sprouting, while more recent investigations on sessile oak proved a strong positive influence of the presence of epicormics. The aims of this study were, first, to make a general quantification of the epicormics present along beech stems and, secondly, to test the effects of both radial growth and epicormic frequency on sprouting. MethodsIn order to test the effect of radial growth, ten forked individuals were sampled, with a dominant and a dominated fork of almost equal length for every individual. To test the effects of primary growth and epicormic frequency, on the last 17 annual shoots of each fork arm, the number of axillary buds, shoot length, ring width profiles, epicormic shoots and other epicormics were carefully recorded. Key ResultsThe distribution of annual shoot length, radial growth profiles and parallel frequencies of all epicormics are presented. The latter frequencies were parallel to the annual shoot lengths, nearly equivalent for both arms of each tree, and radial growth profiles included very narrow rings in the lowest annual shoots and even missing rings in the dominated arms alone. The location of the latent buds and the epicormics was mainly at branch base, while epicormic shoots, bud clusters and spheroblasts were present mainly in the lowest annual shoots investigated. Using a zero-inflated mixed model, sprouting was shown to depend positively on epicormic frequency and negatively on radial growth. ConclusionsSupport for a trade-off between cambial activity and sprouting is put forward. Sprouting mainly depends on the frequency of epicormics. Between-and within-tree variability of the epicormic composition in a given species may thus have fundamental and applied implications. © 2012 The Author. |
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Equipe Architecture et Développement des Plantes, CIRAD, Campus Agronomique de Silvolab, BP 701, 97387 Kourou cedex, Guyane, France |
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03057364 (Issn) |
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Notes |
Export Date: 8 October 2012; Source: Scopus; Coden: Anboa; doi: 10.1093/aob/mcs178; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Colin, F.; INRA, Centre de Nancy, UMR 1092 INRA-AgroParisTech LERFoB, 54280 Champenoux, France; email: colin@nancy.inra.fr |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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439 |
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