| Records |
| Author |
Stahl, C.; Herault, B.; Rossi, V.; Burban, B.; Bréchet, C.; Bonal, D. |
| Title |
Depth of soil water uptake by tropical rainforest trees during dry periods: Does tree dimension matter? |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Oecologia |
Abbreviated Journal |
Oecologia |
| Volume |
173 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
1191-1201 |
| Keywords |
Deuterium; Oxygen; Root; Soil water; Tropical rainforest |
| Abstract |
Though the root biomass of tropical rainforest trees is concentrated in the upper soil layers, soil water uptake by deep roots has been shown to contribute to tree transpiration. A precise evaluation of the relationship between tree dimensions and depth of water uptake would be useful in tree-based modelling approaches designed to anticipate the response of tropical rainforest ecosystems to future changes in environmental conditions. We used an innovative dual-isotope labelling approach (deuterium in surface soil and oxygen at 120-cm depth) coupled with a modelling approach to investigate the role of tree dimensions in soil water uptake in a tropical rainforest exposed to seasonal drought. We studied 65 trees of varying diameter and height and with a wide range of predawn leaf water potential (Ψpd) values. We confirmed that about half of the studied trees relied on soil water below 100-cm depth during dry periods. Ψpd was negatively correlated with depth of water extraction and can be taken as a rough proxy of this depth. Some trees showed considerable plasticity in their depth of water uptake, exhibiting an efficient adaptive strategy for water and nutrient resource acquisition. We did not find a strong relationship between tree dimensions and depth of water uptake. While tall trees preferentially extract water from layers below 100-cm depth, shorter trees show broad variations in mean depth of water uptake. This precludes the use of tree dimensions to parameterize functional models. © 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. |
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INRA, UMR EEF 1137, 54280 Champenoux, France |
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Export Date: 6 December 2013; Source: Scopus; Coden: Oecob; doi: 10.1007/s00442-013-2724-6; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Bonal, D.; INRA, UMR EEF 1137, 54280 Champenoux, France; email: bonal@nancy.inra.fr; References: Améglio, T., Archer, P., Cohen, M., Valancogne, C., Daudet, F.A., Dayau, S., Cruiziat, P., Significance and limits in the use of predawn leaf water potential for tree irrigation (1999) Plant Soil, 207, pp. 155-167; Baraloto, C., Morneau, F., Bonal, D., Blanc, L., Ferry, B., Seasonal water stress tolerance and habitat associations within four Neotropical tree genera (2007) Ecology, 88, pp. 478-489; Bonal, D., Barigah, T.S., Granier, A., Guehl, J.-M., Late-stage canopy tree species with extremely low delta C-13 and high stomatal sensitivity to seasonal soil drought in the tropical rainforest of French Guiana (2000) Plant Cell Environ, 23, pp. 445-459; Bonal, D., Atger, C., Barigah, T.S., Ferhi, A., Guehl, J.-M., Ferry, B., Water acquisition patterns of two wet tropical canopy tree species of French Guiana as inferred from H218O extraction profiles (2000) Ann For Sci, 57, pp. 717-724; Bonal, D., Bosc, A., Ponton, S., Goret, J.-Y., Burban, B., Gross, P., Bonnefond, J.-M., Granier, A., Impact of severe dry season on net ecosystem exchange in the Neotropical rainforest of French Guiana (2008) Glob Chang Biol, 14, pp. 1917-1933; Cao, K.F., Water relations and gas exchange of tropical saplings during a prolonged drought in a Bornean heath forest, with reference to root architecture (2000) J Trop Ecol, 16, pp. 101-116; Carvalheiro, K.O., Nepstad, D.C., Deep soil heterogeneity and fine root distribution in forests and pastures of eastern Amazonia (1996) Plant Soil, 182, pp. 279-285; Chmura, D.J., Anderson, P.D., Howe, G.T., Harrington, C.A., Halofsky, J.E., Peterson, D.L., Shaw, D.C., Brad St Claire, J., Forest responses to climate change in the northwestern United States: ecophysiological foundations for adaptive management (2011) For Ecol Manage, 261, pp. 1121-1142; da Rocha, H.R., Goulden, M.L., Miller, S.D., Menton, M.C., Pinto, L.D.V.O., de Freitas, H.C., e Silva Figueira, A.M., Seasonality of water and heat fluxes over a tropical forest in eastern Amazonia (2004) Ecol Appl, 14, pp. 22-32; Davidson, E., Lefebvre, P.A., Brando, P.M., Ray, D.M., Trumbore, S.E., Solorzano, L.A., Ferreira, J.N., Nepstad, D.C., Carbon inputs and water uptake in deep soils of an eastern Amazon forest (2011) For Sci, 57, pp. 51-58; Engelbrecht, B.M.J., Kursar, T.A., Comparative drought-resistance of seedlings of 28 species of co-occurring tropical woody plants (2003) Oecologia, 136, pp. 383-393; Engelbrecht, B.M.J., Wright, S.J., De Steven, D., Survival and ecophysiology of tree seedlings during El Nino drought in a tropical moist forest in Panama (2002) J Trop Ecol, 18, pp. 569-579; Fisher, R.A., Williams, M., Do Vale, R.L., Da Costa, A.L., Meir, P., Evidence from Amazonian forests is consistent with isohydric control of leaf water potential (2006) Plant Cell Environ, 29, pp. 151-165; Goulden, M.L., Miller, S.D., da Rocha, H.R., Menton, M.C., De Freitas, H.C., Silva Figueira, A.M.E., De Sousa, C.A.D., Diel and seasonal patterns of tropical forest CO2 exchange (2004) Ecol Appl, 14, pp. 42-54; Gourlet-Fleury, S., Ferry, B., Molino, J.F., Petronelli, P., Schmitt, L., Experimental plots: key features (2004) Ecology and management of a Neotropical Rainforest, pp. 3-60. , In: Gourlet-Fleury S, Guehl JM, Laroussinie O (eds) Lessons drawn from Paracou, a long-term experimental research site in French Guiana. Elsevier, Paris; Huc, R., Ferhi, A., Guehl, J.M., Pioneer and late stage tropical rainforest tree species (French Guyana) growing under common conditions differ in leaf gas exchange regulation, carbon isotope discrimination and leaf water potential (1994) Oecologia, 99, pp. 297-305; Hutyra, L.R., Munger, J.W., Saleska, S., Gottlieb, E., Daube, B.C., Dunn, A.L., Amaral, D.F., Wofsy, S.C., Seasonal controls on the exchange of carbon and water in an Amazonian rain forest (2007) J Geophys Res, 112, pp. G03008. , doi:10.1029/2006JG000365; Jackson, R.B., Canadell, J., Ehleringer, J.R., Mooney, H.A., Sala, O.E., Schulze, E.D., A global analysis of root distributions for terrestrial biomes (1996) Oecologia, 108, pp. 389-411; Jobbagy, E.G., Jackson, R.B., The distribution of soil nutrients with depth: global patterns and the imprint of plants (2001) Biogeochemistry, 53, pp. 51-77; Kozlowski, T.T., Pallardy, S.G., Acclimation and adaptive responses of woody plants to environmental stresses (2002) Bot Rev, 68, pp. 270-334; Malhi, Y., Wright, J., Spatial patterns and recent trends in the climate of tropical rainforest regions (2004) Phil Trans R Soc Lond B, 359, pp. 311-329; Markewitz, D., Devine, S., Davidson, E.A., Brando, P., Nepstad, D.C., Soil moisture depletion under simulated drought in the Amazon: impacts on deep root uptake (2010) New Phytol, 187, pp. 592-607; Meinzer, F.C., Andrade, J.L., Goldstein, G., Holbrook, N.M., Cavelier, J., Wright, S.J., Partitioning of soil water among trees in a seasonally dry tropical forest (1999) Oecologia, 121, pp. 293-301; Merbold, L., Ardo, J., Arneth, A., Scholes, R.J., Nouvellon, Y., de Grandcourt, A., Archibald, S., Kutsch, W.L., Precipitation as driver of carbon fluxes in 11 African ecosystems (2009) Biogeosciences, 6, pp. 1027-1041; Moreira, M., Sternberg, L., Nepstad, D., Vertical patterns of soil water uptake by plants in a primary forest and an abandoned pasture in the eastern Amazon: an isotopic approach (2000) Plant Soil, 222, pp. 95-107; Nepstad, D.C., De Carvalho, C.R., Davidson, E.A., Jipp, P.H., Lefebvre, P.A., Negreiros, G.H., Da Silva, E.D., Vieira, S., The role of deep roots in the hydrological and carbon cycles of Amazonian forests and pastures (1994) Nature, 372, pp. 666-669; Oliveira, R., Dawson, T., Burgess, S., Nepstad, D., Hydraulic redistribution in three Amazonian trees (2005) Oecologia, 145, pp. 354-363; Poorter, L., Markesteijn, L., Seedling traits determine drought tolerance of tropical tree species (2008) Biotropica, 40, pp. 321-331; (2010) R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing, , R Development Core Team, Vienna: R Foundation for Statistical Computing; Romero-Saltos, H., LdSL, S., Moreira, M.Z., Nepstad, D.C., Rainfall exclusion in an eastern Amazonian forest alters soil water movement and depth of water uptake (2005) Am J Bot, 92, pp. 443-455; Sobrado, M.A., Embolism vulnerability in drought-deciduous and evergreen species of a tropical dry forest (1997) Acta Oecol, 18, pp. 383-391; Stahl, C., Burban, B., Bompy, F., Jolin, Z.B., Sermage, J., Bonal, D., Seasonal variation in atmospheric relative humidity contributes to explaining seasonal variation in trunk circumference of tropical rain-forest trees in French Guiana (2010) J Trop Ecol, 26, pp. 393-405; Stahl, C., Burban, B., Goret, J.-Y., Bonal, D., Seasonal variations in stem CO2 efflux in the Neotropical rainforest of French Guiana (2011) Ann For Sci, 68, pp. 771-782; Stahl, C., Burban, B., Wagner, F., Goret, J.-Y., Bompy, F., Bonal, D., Influence of seasonal variations in soil water availability on gas exchange of tropical canopy trees (2013) Biotropia, 45, pp. 155-164; Sternberg, L., Green, L., Moreira, M.Z., Nepstad, D.C., Martinelli, L.A., Victoria, R., Root distribution in an Amazonian seasonal forest (1998) Plant Soil, 205, pp. 45-50; Sternberg, L., Moreira, M., Nepstad, D.C., Uptake of water by lateral roots of small trees in an Amazonian tropical forest (2002) Plant Soil, 238, pp. 151-158; Wagner, F., Hérault, B., Stahl, C., Bonal, D., Rossi, V., Modeling water availability for trees in tropical forests (2011) Agric For Meteorol, 151, pp. 1202-1213; Wagner, F., Rossi, V., Stahl, C., Bonal, D., Hérault, B., Water availability is the main climate driver of Neotropical tree growth (2012) PLoS ONE, 7, pp. e34074; Wang, G., Alo, C., Mei, R., Sun, S., Droughts, hydraulic redistribution, and their impact on vegetation composition in the Amazon forest (2011) Plant Ecol, 212, pp. 663-673; Williams, M., Malhi, Y., Nobre, A.D., Rastetter, E.B., Grace, J., Pereira, M.G.P., Seasonal variation in net carbon exchange and evapotranspiration in a Brazilian rainforest: a modelling analysis (1998) Plant Cell Environ, 21, pp. 953-968; Yavitt, J.B., Wright, S.J., Drought and irrigation effects on fine root dynamics in a tropical moist forest, Panama (2001) Biotropica, 33, pp. 421-434; Zapater, M., Hossann, C., Bréda, N., Bréchet, C., Bonal, D., Granier, A., Evidence of hydraulic lift in a young beech and oak mixed forest using 18O soil water labelling (2011) Trees Struct Funct, 25, pp. 885-894; Zhang, Y., Tan, Z., Song, Q., Yu, G., Sun, X., Respiration controls the unexpected seasonal pattern of carbon flux in an Asian tropical rain forest (2010) Atmos Environ, 44, pp. 3886-3893 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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Mony, R.; Dejean, A.; Bilong, C.F.B.; Kenne, M.; Rouland-Lefèvre, C. |
| Title |
Melissotarsus ants are likely able to digest plant polysaccharides |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Comptes Rendus – Biologies |
Abbreviated Journal |
C. R. Biol. |
| Volume |
336 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
500-504 |
| Keywords |
Ant-plant interactions; Degradation of plant material; Enzymatic activity; Melissotarsus ants |
| Abstract |
Melissotarsus ants have an extremely specialized set of behaviours. Both workers and gynes tunnel galleries in their host tree bark. Workers walk with their mesothoracic legs pointing upwards and tend Diaspididae hemiptera for their flesh. The ants use their forelegs to plug the galleries with silk that they secrete themselves. We hypothesised that the ants' energetic needs for nearly constant gallery digging could be satisfied through the absorption of host tree tissues; so, using basic techniques, we examined the digestive capacities of workers from two species. We show that workers are able to degrade oligosaccharides and heterosides as well as, to a lesser degree, polysaccharides. This is one of the rare reports on ants able to digest plant polysaccharides other than starch. © 2013 Académie des sciences. |
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IRD, UMR BIOEMCO-IBIOS, 32, rue Henri-Varagnat, 93143 Bondy cedex, France |
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16310691 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 6 December 2013; Source: Scopus; Coden: Crboc; doi: 10.1016/j.crvi.2013.08.003; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Dejean, A.; Université de Toulouse, UPS, Ecolab, 118, route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France; email: alain.dejean@wanadoo.fr; References: Hölldobler, B., Wilson, E.O., (1990) The Ants, , Harvard University Press Cambridge, MA, USA 730 p; Duchesne, L.C., Larson, D.W., Cellulose and the evolution of plant life (1989) BioScience, 39, pp. 238-241; Watanabe, H., Tokuda, G., Cellulolytic Systems in Insects (2010) Annu. Rev. Entomol., 55, pp. 609-632; Wenzel, M., Schonig, I., Berchtold, M., Kampfer, P., König, K., Aerobic and facultatively anaerobic cellulolytic bacteria from the gut of the Termite Zootermopsis angusticollis (2002) J. Appl. Microbiol., 92, pp. 32-40; Brune, A., Microbial symbioses in the digestive tract of lower termites (2011) Beneficial Microorganisms in Multicellular Life Forms, pp. 3-25. , E. Rosenberg, U. Gophna, Heidelberg Springer; Tokuda, G., Watanabe, H., Hidden cellulases in termites: Revision of an old hypothesis (2007) Biol. Lett., 3, pp. 336-339; Nobre, T., Aanen, D.K., Fungiculture or termite husbandry? The ruminant hypothesis (2012) Insects, 3, pp. 307-323; Zientz, E., Feldhaar, H., Stoll, S., Gross, R., Insights into the microbial world associated with ants (2005) Arch. Microbiol., 184, pp. 199-206; Aylward, F., Burnum, K.E., Scott, J.J., Suen, G., Tringe, S.G., Metagenomic and metaproteomic insights into bacterial communities in leaf-cutter ant fungus gardens (2012) ISME J., pp. 1-14; Cook, S.C., Davidson, D.W., Nutritional and functional biology of exudate-feeding ants (2006) Entomol. Exp. Appl., 118, pp. 1-10; He, H., Chen, Y., Zhang, Y., Wei, C., Bacteria associated with gut lumen of Camponotus japonicus Mayr (2011) Environ. Entomol., 40, pp. 1405-1409; Blochmann, F., Über das Vorkommen von bakterienähnlichen Gebilden in den Geweben und Eiern verschiedener Insekten (1892) Zentbl. Bakteriol., 11, pp. 234-240; Feldhaar, H., Straka, J., Krischke, M., Berthold, K., Stoll, S., Nutritional upgrading for omnivorous carpenter ants by the endosymbiont Blochmannia (2007) BMC Biol., 5, p. 48; De Souza, D.J., Bézier, A., Depoix, D., Drezen, J.M., Lenoir, A., Blochmannia endosymbionts improve colony growth and immune defence in the ant Camponotus fellah (2009) BMC Microbiol., 9, p. 29; Van Borm, S., Buschinger, A., Boomsma, J.J., Billen, J., Tetraponera ants have gut symbionts related to nitrogen-fixing root-nodule bacteria (2002) Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B., 269, pp. 2023-2027; Eilmus, S., Heil, M., Bacterial associates of arboreal ants and their putative functions in an obligate ant-plant mutualism (2009) Appl. Env. Microbiol., 75, pp. 4324-4332; Russell, J.A., Moreau, C.S., Goldman-Huertas, B., Fujiwara, M., Lohman, D.J., Pierce, N.E., Bacterial gut symbionts are tightly linked with the evolution of herbivory in ants (2009) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 106, pp. 21236-21241; Delage-Darchen, B., Une fourmi de Côte d'Ivoire: Melissotarsus titubans Del., N. Sp. (1972) Insect. Soc., 19, pp. 213-226; Prins, A.J., Ben-Dov, Y., Rust, D.J., A new observation on the association between ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and armoured scale insects (Homoptera: Diaspididae) (1975) J. Entomol. Soc. S. Afr., 38, pp. 211-216; Mony, R., Kenne, M., Dejean, A., (2002) Biology and Ecology of Pest Ants of the Genus Melissotarsus (Formicidae: Myrmicinae), with Special Reference to Tropical Fruit Tree Attacks, Sociobiology, 40, pp. 645-654; Mony, R., Fisher, B.L., Kenne, M., Tindo, M., Dejean, A., Behavioural ecology of bark-digging ants of the genus Melissotarsus (2007) Funct. Ecosyst. Commun., 1, pp. 121-128; Fisher, B.L., Robertson, H.G., Silk production by adult workers of the ant Melissotarsus emeryi (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) in South African fynbos (1999) Insect. Soc., 46, pp. 78-83; Sanson, G., The biomechanics of browsing and grazing (2006) Am. J. Bot., 93, pp. 1531-1545; Clissold, F., Sanson, G.D., Read, J., The paradoxical effects nutrient ratios and supply rates on an outbreaking insect herbivore, the Australian plague locust (2006) J. Anim. Ecol., 75, pp. 1000-1013; Cannon, C.A., (1998) Nutritional Ecology of the Carpenter Ant Camponotus Pennsylvanicus (De Geer): Macronutrient Preference and Particle Consumption, , (PhD thesis) Blacsburg VA; Eisner, T., A comparative morphological study of the proventriculus of ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) (1957) Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 116, pp. 441-490; Caetano, F.H., Can we use the digestive tract for phyllogenetic studies in ants (1990) Social Insects and the Environment, pp. 321-322. , G.K. Veeresh, B. Mallik, C.A. Viraktamath, Oxford & IBH publishing co. New Dehli; Delage, B., Recherches sur l'alimentation des fourmis granivores Messor capitatus Latr (1962) Insect. Soc., 9, pp. 137-143; Oettler, J., Johnson, R.A., The old ladies of the seed harvester ant Pogonomyrmex rugosus: Foraging performed by two groups of workers (2009) J. Insect. Behav., 22, pp. 217-226; Abbott, A., Nutrient dynamic of ants (1977) Production Ecology of Ants and Termites, pp. 233-244. , M.V. Brian, Cambridge University Press Cambridge; D'Ettorre, P., Mora, P., Dibangou, V., Rouland, C., Errard, C., The role of symbiotic fungus in the digestive metabolism of two species of fungus-growing ants (2002) J. Comp. Physiol. B, 172, pp. 169-176; Rouland, C., Lenoir, F., Lepage, M., The role of the symbiotic fungus in the digestive metabolism of several species of fungus-growing termites (1991) Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 99 A, pp. 657-663; Williams, J., Villaroya, H., Petek Galactosidase, F., II, III and IV from seeds of Trifolium repens (1978) Biochem. J., 175, pp. 1069-1077; Werner, W., Rey, H.G., Wielinger, R.H., Properties of a new chromogen for determination of glucose in blood according to the COD/POD method (1970) Anal. Chem., 252, pp. 224-228; Mora, P., Rouland, C., Comparison of hydrolytic enzyme produced during growth on carboidrate substrated by Termitomyces associates of Pseudacanthotermes spiniger and Microtermes subhyalinus (isopteran: Termitidae) (1994) Sociobiology, 26, pp. 39-53; Koning, R.E., Secondary Growth. Plant Physiology Information, , http://plantphys.info/plant_biology/secondary.shtml; Scheffrahn, R.H., Termites (Isoptera) (2008) Encyclopedia of Entomology Part 20, pp. 3737-3747. , J.L. Capinera, Springer Berlin; Richard, F.J., Mora, P., Errard, C., Rouland, C., Digestive capacities of leaf-cutting ants and the contribution of their cultivar to the degradation of plant material (2005) J. Comp. Physiol. B, 175, pp. 297-303; Ayre, G.L., The relationships between food and digestive enzymes in five species of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) (1967) Can. Entomol., 99, pp. 408-411; Went, F.W., Wheeler, J., Wheeler, G.C., Feeding and digestion in some ants (Veromessor and Manica) (1972) BioScience, 22, pp. 82-88; Moller, I.E., De Fine Licht, H.H., Harholt, J., Willats, G.T., Boomsma, J.J., The dynamics of plant cell-wall polysaccharide decomposition in leaf-cutting ant fungus garden (2011) PloS ONE, 6, p. 17506 |
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Nirma, C.; Rodrigues, A.M.S.; Basset, C.; Chevolot, L.; Girod, R.; Moretti, C.; Stien, D.; Dusfour, I.; Eparvier, V. |
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Larvicidal activity of isoflavonoids from Muellera frutescens extracts against Aedes aegypti |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
Publication |
Natural Product Communications |
Abbreviated Journal |
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7 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
1319-1322 |
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Aedes aegypti; French Guiana; Insecticides; Isoflavonoids; Muellera frutescens |
| Abstract |
The biological activity of extracts from the leaves, bark and roots of Muellera frutescens, an Amazonian ichtyotoxic plant, were evaluated to find new environmentally safe insecticides. The n-hexane extracts of bark, leaf, and root showed a strong toxic activity against Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae. Bioguided fractionation of the bark extract led to the isolation of seven isoflavonoids (12a-hydroxyelliptone, elliptone, (-)-variabilin, rotenone, rotenolone, tephrosin and deguelin). Rotenone and deguelin are responsible for the larvicidal activity of the plant. M. frutescens leaves contain up to 0.6%, w/w, deguelin. These results justify the traditional ichtyotoxic use of M. frutescens. The leaves contain a relatively high proportion of deguelin and, therefore, can be considered as a renewable source of this environmentally friendly insecticidal isoflavonoid. |
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CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301, 1 avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France |
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Export Date: 6 December 2012; Source: Scopus |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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448 |
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Dejean, A.; Labrière, N.; Touchard, A.; Petitclerc, F.; Roux, O. |
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Nesting habits shape feeding preferences and predatory behavior in an ant genus |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Naturwissenschaften |
Abbreviated Journal |
Naturwissenschaften |
| Volume |
101 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
323-330 |
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Ant genus Pseudomyrmex; Arboreal and ground nesting; Feeding preferences; Myrmecophytism; Predation |
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We tested if nesting habits influence ant feeding preferences and predatory behavior in the monophyletic genus Pseudomyrmex (Pseudomyrmecinae) which comprises terrestrial and arboreal species, and, among the latter, plant-ants which are obligate inhabitants of myrmecophytes (i.e., plants sheltering so-called plant-ants in hollow structures). A cafeteria experiment revealed that the diet of ground-nesting Pseudomyrmex consists mostly of prey and that of arboreal species consists mostly of sugary substances, whereas the plant-ants discarded all the food we provided. Workers forage solitarily, detecting prey from a distance thanks to their hypertrophied eyes. Approach is followed by antennal contact, seizure, and the manipulation of the prey to sting it under its thorax (next to the ventral nerve cord). Arboreal species were not more efficient at capturing prey than were ground-nesting species. A large worker size favors prey capture. Workers from ground- and arboreal-nesting species show several uncommon behavioral traits, each known in different ant genera from different subfamilies: leaping abilities, the use of surface tension strengths to transport liquids, short-range recruitment followed by conflicts between nestmates, the consumption of the prey's hemolymph, and the retrieval of entire prey or pieces of prey after having cut it up. Yet, we never noted group ambushing. We also confirmed that Pseudomyrmex plant-ants live in a kind of food autarky as they feed only on rewards produced by their host myrmecophyte, or on honeydew produced by the hemipterans they attend and possibly on the fungi they cultivate. © 2014 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. |
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IRD, MIVEGEC (IRD 224-CNRS 5290-UM1-UM2), Équipe BEES, 911 avenue Agropolis, 34394 Montpellier Cedex 5, France |
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Springer Verlag |
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00281042 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 5 May 2014; Source: Scopus; Coden: Natwa; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Dejean, A.; CNRS, Écologie des Forêts de Guyane (UMR-CNRS 8172), Campus Agronomique, BP 316, 97379 Kourou cedex, France; email: alain.dejean@wanadoo.fr |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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539 |
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| Author |
Vincent, G.; Caron, F.; Sabatier, D.; Blanc, L. |
| Title |
LiDAR shows that higher forests have more slender trees |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Bois et Forets des Tropiques |
Abbreviated Journal |
Bois Forets Tropiques |
| Volume |
66 |
Issue |
314 |
Pages |
51-56 |
| Keywords |
Competition; Fertility; French Guiana; LiDAR; Tree allometry |
| Abstract |
High-density Airborne Laser Scanning was used to derive the Canopy Height Model (CHM) of an experimental forest site in the neotropics (Paracou, French Guiana). Individual tree heights were computed by manually segmenting tree crowns on the CHM and then extracting the local maximum canopy height. Three hundred and ninety-six (396) height estimates were matched from dominant or emergent trees with the corresponding ground records of stem diameters sampled in two plots with different mean canopy heights (28.1 m vs. 31.3 m). Tree slenderness was found to be positively and very significantly correlated with mean canopy height at the plot level. The same correlation was observed at the species population level for the three species adequately sampled. It can therefore be concluded that stratification by canopy height is to be recommended when deriving allometric relationships in order to avoid bias in Above Ground Biomass estimations. |
| Address |
CIRAD, UMR Ecofog, 97300 Kourou, France |
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0006579x (Issn) |
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Export Date: 5 June 2013; Source: Scopus; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: IRD, UMR AMAP, 34000 Montpellier, France |
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no |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
490 |
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| Author |
Sist, P.; Blanc, L.; Mazzei, L.; Baraloto, C.; Aussenac, R. |
| Title |
Current knowledge on overall post-logging biomass dynamics in Northern Amazonian forests |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Bois et Forets des Tropiques |
Abbreviated Journal |
Bois Forets Tropiques |
| Volume |
66 |
Issue |
314 |
Pages |
41-49 |
| Keywords |
Above ground-biomass; Amazonian rainforests; Logging impact; Silviculture |
| Abstract |
This article presents the effects of logging on the dynamics of above-ground biomass from the results of the post-logging study within two forests: Cikel in Eastern Pará, Brazil and Paracou in French Guiana. The main objective is to compare the impact of commercial logging on the regeneration of the aboveground biomass in these forests whose characteristics differ in terms of structure and growth. In both sites, the intensity of exploitation is a key factor in determining the loss of biomass and the time required for its regeneration. In Paracou, the regeneration of biomass lost during conventional logging of 10 trees per hectare takes 45 years and more than 100 years when operating with higher intensity (21 trees/ha ). In Cikel the forest biomass regenerates after 49 years harvesting 6 trees/ha and that takes 87 years after removal of 8 trees/ha. This regeneration needs similar time on both sites but with lower logging intensity at Cikel, in which felled trees are larger with a greater biomass than those of Paracou. This post-logging study has established a direct correlation of the dynamics of the biomass with the initial structure of the forest, as well as with the parameters of forest dynamics: mortality, growth and recruitment. The accumulation of biomass by the tree growth of the two remaining stands is a key parameter for the net carbon storage, while the contribution of recruitment in Paracou becomes significant only after 10 years after felling. Therefore in view to improve the growth of residual trees, it is compulsory to apply adequate silvicultural treatments such as selective thinning or removal of vines. While the two forests are geographically close enough, their regenerative abilities differ and because of the significant difference in size of the trees, the forest could tolerate more intensive harvesting in French Guiana. |
| Address |
Université Antilles-Guyane Cayenne, Guyane, France |
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0006579x (Issn) |
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Export Date: 5 June 2013; Source: Scopus; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Cirad UR B and SEF, Campus international de Baillarguet, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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489 |
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Foucaud, J.; Rey, O.; Robert, S.; Crespin, L.; Orivel, J.; Facon, B.; Loiseau, A.; Jourdan, H.; Kenne, M.; Masse, P.S.M.; Tindo, M.; Vonshak, M.; Estoup, A. |
| Title |
Thermotolerance adaptation to human-modified habitats occurs in the native range of the invasive ant Wasmannia auropunctata before long-distance dispersal |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Evolutionary Applications |
Abbreviated Journal |
Evol. Appl. |
| Volume |
6 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
721-734 |
| Keywords |
Adaptation; Heat shock; Invasive species; Natural selection and contemporary evolution; Thermotolerance |
| Abstract |
Key evolutionary events associated with invasion success are traditionally thought to occur in the introduced, rather than the native range of species. In the invasive ant Wasmannia auropunctata, however, a shift in reproductive system has been demonstrated within the native range, from the sexual non-dominant populations of natural habitats to the clonal dominant populations of human-modified habitats. Because abiotic conditions of human- modified habitats are hotter and dryer, we performed lab experiments on workers from a set of native and introduced populations, to investigate whether these ecological and genetic transitions were accompanied by a change in thermotolerance and whether such changes occurred before establishment in the introduced range. Thermotolerance levels were higher in native populations from human-modified habitats than in native populations from natural habitats, but were similar in native and introduced populations from human-modified habitats. Differences in thermotolerance could not be accounted for by differences in body size. A scenario based on local adaptation in the native range before introduction in remote areas represents the most parsimonious hypothesis to account for the observed phenotypic pattern. These findings highlight the importance of human land use in explaining major contemporary evolutionary changes. © 2013 The Authors. |
| Address |
Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States |
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17524563 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 5 June 2013; Source: Scopus; :doi 10.1111/eva.12058; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Foucaud, J.; INRA, UMR1062 CBGP, Montpellier, France; email: foucaud@supagro.inra.fr |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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488 |
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Lenoir, A.; Touchard, A.; Devers, S.; Christidès, J.-P.; Boulay, R.; Cuvillier-Hot, V. |
| Title |
Ant cuticular response to phthalate pollution |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Environmental Science and Pollution Research |
Abbreviated Journal |
Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. |
| Volume |
21 |
Issue |
23 |
Pages |
13446-13451 |
| Keywords |
Absorption; Ants; Bbp; Bioindicator; Cuticle; Dbp; Dehp; DiBP; Phthalates; Pollutants |
| Abstract |
Phthalates are common atmospheric contaminants used in the plastic industry. Ants have been shown to constitute good bioindicators of phthalate pollution. Hence, phthalates remain trapped on ant cuticles which are mostly coated with long-chain hydrocarbons. In this study, we artificially contaminated Lasius niger ants with four phthalates: dibutyl phthalate (DBP), diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP), di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), and benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP). The first three have previously been found on ants in nature in Touraine (France), while the fourth has not. The four phthalates disappeared rapidly (less than 5 days) from the cuticles of live ants. In contrast, on the cuticles of dead ants, DEHP quantities remained unchanged over time. These results indicate that phthalates are actively absorbed by the cuticles of live ants. Cuticular absorption of phthalates is nonspecific because eicosane, a nonnatural hydrocarbon on L. niger cuticle, was similarly absorbed. Ants are important ecological engineers and may serve as bioindicators of ecosystem health. We also suggest that ants and more generally terrestrial arthropods may contribute to the removal of phthalates from the local environment. |
| Address |
CNRS, UMR Écologie des Forêts de Guyane (EcoFoG), Campus Agronomique, BP 316Kourou Cedex, France |
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| Publisher |
Springer Verlag |
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09441344 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 5 December 2014; Coden: Esple; Correspondence Address: Lenoir, A.; IRBI, Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l’Insecte, UMR CNRS 7261, Université François RabelaisFrance |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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570 |
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Courtois, E.A.; Baraloto, C.; Timothy Paine, C.E.; Petronelli, P.; Blandinieres, P.-A.; Stien, D.; Houel, E.; Bessiere, J.-M.; Chave, J. |
| Title |
Differences in volatile terpene composition between the bark and leaves of tropical tree species |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Phytochemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phytochemistry |
| Volume |
82 |
Issue |
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Pages |
81-88 |
| Keywords |
French Guiana; Herbivory; Optimal defense theory; Secondary metabolites; Wood |
| Abstract |
Volatile terpenes are among the most diverse class of defensive compounds in plants, and they are implicated in both direct and indirect defense against herbivores. In terpenes, both the quantity and the diversity of compounds appear to increase the efficiency of defense as a diverse blend of compounds provides a more efficient protection against a broader range of herbivores and limits the chances that an enemy evolves resistance. Theory predicts that plant defensive compounds should be allocated differentially among tissues according to the value of the tissue, its cost of construction and the herbivore pressure on it. We collected volatile terpenes from bark and leaves of 178 individual tree belonging to 55 angiosperm species in French Guiana and compare the kind, amount, and diversity of compounds in these tissues. We hypothesized that in woody plants, the outermost part of the trunk should hold a more diverse blend of volatile terpenes. Additionally, as herbivore communities associated with the leaves is different to the one associated with the bark, we also hypothesized that terpene blends should be distinct in the bark vs. the leaves of a given species. We found that the mixture of volatile terpenes released by bark is different and more diverse than that released by leaves, both in monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes. This supports our hypothesis and further suggests that the emission of terpenes by the bark should be more important for trunk defense than previously thought. |
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Station d'Écologie Expérimentale du CNRS Moulis, USR 2936, 2 route du CNRS, 09200 Moulis, France |
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00319422 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 4 September 2012; Source: Scopus; Coden: Pytca; doi: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2012.07.003; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Courtois, E.A.; Station d'Écologie Expérimentale du CNRS Moulis, USR 2936, 2 route du CNRS, 09200 Moulis, France; email: courtoiselodie@gmail.com |
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no |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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425 |
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De Weirdt, M.; Verbeeck, H.; Maignan, F.; Peylin, P.; Poulter, B.; Bonal, D.; Ciais, P.; Steppe, K. |
| Title |
Seasonal leaf dynamics for tropical evergreen forests in a process-based global ecosystem model |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Geoscientific Model Development |
Abbreviated Journal |
Geoscientific Model Dev. |
| Volume |
5 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
1091-1108 |
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| Abstract |
The influence of seasonal phenology on canopy photosynthesis in tropical evergreen forests remains poorly understood, and its representation in global ecosystem models is highly simplified, typically with no seasonal variation of canopy leaf properties taken into account. Including seasonal variation in leaf age and photosynthetic capacity could improve the correspondence of global vegetation model outputs with the wet-dry season CO2 patterns measured at flux tower sites in these forests. We introduced a leaf litterfall dynamics scheme in the global terrestrial ecosystem model ORCHIDEE based on seasonal variations in net primary production (NPP), resulting in higher leaf turnover in periods of high productivity. The modifications in the leaf litterfall scheme induce seasonal variation in leaf age distribution and photosynthetic capacity. We evaluated the results of the modification against seasonal patterns of three long-term in-situ leaf litterfall datasets of evergreen tropical forests in Panama, French Guiana and Brazil. In addition, we evaluated the impact of the model improvements on simulated latent heat (LE) and gross primary productivity (GPP) fluxes for the flux tower sites Guyaflux (French Guiana) and TapajÃ3s (km 67, Brazil). The results show that the introduced seasonal leaf litterfall corresponds well with field inventory leaf litter data and times with its seasonality. Although the simulated litterfall improved substantially by the model modifications, the impact on the modelled fluxes remained limited. The seasonal pattern of GPP improved clearly for the Guyaflux site, but no significant improvement was obtained for the TapajÃ3s site. The seasonal pattern of the modelled latent heat fluxes was hardly changed and remained consistent with the observed fluxes. We conclude that we introduced a realistic and generic litterfall dynamics scheme, but that other processes need to be improved in the model to achieve better simulations of GPP seasonal patterns for tropical evergreen forests. © Author(s) 2012. CC Attribution 3.0 License. |
| Address |
INRA Nancy, UMR INRA-UHP1137 Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestière, 54280 Champenoux, France |
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1991959x (Issn) |
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Export Date: 4 October 2012; Source: Scopus; doi: 10.5194/gmd-5-1091-2012; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: De Weirdt, M.; Laboratory of Plant Ecology, Department of Applied Ecology and Environmental Biology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; email: marjolein.deweirdt@ugent.be |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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437 |
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