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Ziegler, C.; Dusenge, M.E.; Nyirambangutse, B.; Zibera, E.; Wallin, G.; Uddling, J. |
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Title |
Contrasting Dependencies of Photosynthetic Capacity on Leaf Nitrogen in Early- and Late-Successional Tropical Montane Tree Species |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Frontiers in Plant Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Front. Plant Sci. |
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Volume |
11 |
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500479 |
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Keywords |
allocation; early successional; late successional; nitrogen; photosynthesis; tropical montane forests |
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Differences in photosynthetic capacity among tree species and tree functional types are currently assumed to be largely driven by variation in leaf nutrient content, particularly nitrogen (N). However, recent studies indicate that leaf N content is often a poor predictor of variation in photosynthetic capacity in tropical trees. In this study, we explored the relative importance of area-based total leaf N content (Ntot) and within-leaf N allocation to photosynthetic capacity versus light-harvesting in controlling the variation in photosynthetic capacity (i.e. Vcmax, Jmax) among mature trees of 12 species belonging to either early (ES) or late successional (LS) groups growing in a tropical montane rainforest in Rwanda, Central Africa. Photosynthetic capacity at a common leaf temperature of 25˚C (i.e. maximum rates of Rubisco carboxylation, Vcmax25 and of electron transport, Jmax25) was higher in ES than in LS species (+ 58% and 68% for Vcmax25 and Jmax25, respectively). While Ntot did not significantly differ between successional groups, the photosynthetic dependency on Ntot was markedly different. In ES species, Vcmax25 was strongly and positively related to Ntot but this was not the case in LS species. However, there was no significant trade-off between relative leaf N investments in compounds maximizing photosynthetic capacity versus compounds maximizing light harvesting. Both leaf dark respiration at 25˚C (+ 33%) and, more surprisingly, apparent photosynthetic quantum yield (+ 35%) was higher in ES than in LS species. Moreover, Rd25 was positively related to Ntot for both ES and LS species. Our results imply that efforts to quantify carbon fluxes of tropical montane rainforests would be improved if they considered contrasting within-leaf N allocation and photosynthetic Ntot dependencies between species with different successional strategies. © Copyright © 2020 Ziegler, Dusenge, Nyirambangutse, Zibera, Wallin and Uddling. |
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Department of Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada |
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Frontiers Media S.A. |
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1664462x (Issn) |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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953 |
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Shepard, W.D.; Clavier, S.; Cerdan, A. |
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Title |
A generic key to the known larval elmidae (Insecta: Coleoptera) of French Guiana |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Papeis Avulsos de Zoologia |
Abbreviated Journal |
Pap. Avulsos Zool. |
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60 |
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Special |
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e202060 |
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Biodiversity; Identification; Immatures; Neotropical; Survey |
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An identification key is provided for 21 larval types of Elmidae (riffle beetles) known to occur in French Guiana. Not all elmid genera known to occur in French Guiana are known in the larval stage. Nor are all the known larval types assigned to known elmid genera. © 2020, Universidade de Sao Paulo. All rights reserved. |
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CNRS, UMR EcoFog (AgroParisTech, CIRAD, INRA, Université des Antilles, Université de Guyane), Kourou Cedex, France |
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Universidade de Sao Paulo |
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00311049 (Issn) |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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980 |
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Mirabel, A.; Hérault, B.; Marcon, E. |
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Title |
Diverging taxonomic and functional trajectories following disturbance in a Neotropical forest |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Science of The Total Environment |
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720 |
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137397 |
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Community ecology; Disturbance trajectories; Intermediate disturbance hypothesis; Mid-term resilience; Neotropical forests; Taxonomic and functional biodiversity |
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In the current global change context, it is urgent to anticipate the fate of tropical forests. This means understanding tree community response to disturbance and the underlying processes. In that respect, we aim here to clarify taxonomic and functional post-disturbance trajectories, and determine the scope of the Intermediate Disturbance Hypothesis (IDH) that remains debated in tropical forests. We analyzed community trajectories following a disturbance gradient from 10 to 60% of above-ground biomass loss in a Neotropical forest over 30 years. We considered trajectories along time of community taxonomic and functional trajectories in terms of richness, evenness, composition, and redundancy. We based on the annual botanical inventories of 75 ha of a Neotropical forest and on large trait datasets comprising seven leaf, stem, and life-history traits. We identified a decoupling between taxonomic composition, differing among communities, and functional composition, similar among communities and convergent in the functional space. The taxonomic diversity followed humped-shaped trajectories along time after disturbance depending on the initial disturbance intensity, which validated the IDH (Intermediate Disturbance Hypothesis). The functional diversity trajectories, however, were homogeneous among plots and dismissed the IDH. We explained this decoupling by the variations in community functional redundancy that mitigated the functional impact of disturbance. Although consistent, the recovery of community composition, diversity, and redundancy remained divergent from the initial state after 30 years. These results acknowledged the need of decades-long cycles without disturbance to ensure community complete recovery. |
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0048-9697 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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920 |
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Tysklind, N.; Etienne, M.-P.; Scotti-Saintagne, C.; Tinaut, A.; Casalis, M.; Troispoux, V.; Cazal, S.-O.; Brousseau, L.; Ferry, B.; Scotti, I. |
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Title |
Microgeographic local adaptation and ecotype distributions: The role of selective processes on early life-history traits in sympatric, ecologically divergent Symphonia populations |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Ecology and Evolution |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ecology and Evolution |
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Volume |
10 |
Issue |
19 |
Pages |
10735-10753 |
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Keywords |
determinants of plant community diversity and structure; evolutionary ecology; landscape ecology; local adaptation; Neotropical forest; plant development and life-history traits; reciprocal transplantation experiments; Symphonia |
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Trees are characterized by the large number of seeds they produce. Although most of those seeds will never germinate, plenty will. Of those which germinate, many die young, and eventually, only a minute fraction will grow to adult stage and reproduce. Is this just a random process? Do variations in germination and survival at very young stages rely on variations in adaptations to microgeographic heterogeneity? and do these processes matter at all in determining tree species distribution and abundance?. We have studied these questions with the Neotropical Symphonia tree species. In the Guiana shield, Symphonia are represented by at least two sympatric taxa or ecotypes, Symphonia globulifera found almost exclusively in bottomlands, and a yet undescribed more generalist taxon/ecotype, Symphonia sp1. A reciprocal transplantation experiment (510 seeds, 16 conditions) was set up and followed over the course of 6 years to evaluate the survival and performance of individuals from different ecotypes and provenances. Germination, survival, growth, and herbivory showed signs of local adaptation, with some combinations of ecotypes and provenances growing faster and surviving better in their own habitat or provenance region. S. globulifera was strongly penalized when planted outside its home habitat but showed the fastest growth rates when planted in its home habitat, suggesting it is a specialist of a high-risk high-gain strategy. Conversely, S. sp1 behaved as a generalist, performing well in a variety of environments. The differential performance of seeds and seedlings in the different habitats matches the known distribution of both ecotypes, indicating that environmental filtering at the very early stages can be a key determinant of tree species distributions, even at the microgeographic level and among very closely related taxa. Furthermore, such differential performance also contributes to explain, in part, the maintenance of the different Symphonia ecotypes living in intimate sympatry despite occasional gene flow. © 2020 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd |
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UMR AMAP, IRD, Cirad, CNRS, INRAE, Université Montpellier, Montpellier, France |
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John Wiley and Sons Ltd |
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20457758 (Issn) |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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951 |
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Ramalho, M.O.; Duplais, C.; Orivel, J.; Dejean, A.; Gibson, J.C.; Suarez, A.V.; Moreau, C.S. |
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Development but not diet alters microbial communities in the Neotropical arboreal trap jaw ant Daceton armigerum: an exploratory study |
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Journal Article |
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2020 |
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Scientific Reports |
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10 |
Issue |
1 |
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7350 |
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To better understand the evolutionary significance of symbiotic interactions in nature, microbiome studies can help to identify the ecological factors that may shape host-associated microbial communities. In this study we explored both 16S and 18S rRNA microbial communities of D. armigerum from both wild caught individuals collected in the Amazon and individuals kept in the laboratory and fed on controlled diets. We also investigated the role of colony, sample type, development and caste on structuring microbial communities. Our bacterial results (16S rRNA) reveal that (1) there are colony level differences between bacterial communities; (2) castes do not structure communities; (3) immature stages (brood) have different bacterial communities than adults; and 4) individuals kept in the laboratory with a restricted diet showed no differences in their bacterial communities from their wild caught nest mates, which could indicate the presence of a stable and persistent resident bacterial community in this host species. The same categories were also tested for microbial eukaryote communities (18S rRNA), and (5) developmental stage has an influence on the diversity recovered; (6) the diversity of taxa recovered has shown this can be an important tool to understand additional aspects of host biology and species interactions. |
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2045-2322 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Ramalho2020 |
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929 |
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Gargallo-Garriga, A.; Sardans, J.; Granda, V.; Llusià, J.; Peguero, G.; Asensio, D.; Ogaya, R.; Urbina, I.; Van Langenhove, L.; Verryckt, L.T.; Chave, J.; Courtois, E.A.; Stahl, C.; Grau, O.; Klem, K.; Urban, O.; Janssens, I.A.; Peñuelas, J. |
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Different “metabolomic niches” of the highly diverse tree species of the French Guiana rainforests |
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Journal Article |
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2020 |
Publication |
Scientific Reports |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sci. Rep. |
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10 |
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6937 |
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article; ecological niche; French Guiana; metabolome; plant leaf; rainy season; reproduction; stress; tropical rain forest |
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Tropical rainforests harbor a particularly high plant diversity. We hypothesize that potential causes underlying this high diversity should be linked to distinct overall functionality (defense and growth allocation, anti-stress mechanisms, reproduction) among the different sympatric taxa. In this study we tested the hypothesis of the existence of a metabolomic niche related to a species-specific differential use and allocation of metabolites. We tested this hypothesis by comparing leaf metabolomic profiles of 54 species in two rainforests of French Guiana. Species identity explained most of the variation in the metabolome, with a species-specific metabolomic profile across dry and wet seasons. In addition to this “homeostatic” species-specific metabolomic profile significantly linked to phylogenetic distances, also part of the variance (flexibility) of the metabolomic profile was explained by season within a single species. Our results support the hypothesis of the high diversity in tropical forest being related to a species-specific metabolomic niche and highlight ecometabolomics as a tool to identify this species functional diversity related and consistent with the ecological niche theory. © 2020, The Author(s). |
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INRA, UMR EcoFoG, CNRS, Cirad, AgroParisTech, Université des Antilles, Université de Guyane, Kourou, 97310, France |
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Nature Research |
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20452322 (Issn) |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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930 |
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Legeay, J.; Husson, C.; Boudier, B.; Louisanna, E.; Baraloto, C.; Schimann, H.; Marcais, B.; Buée, M. |
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Surprising low diversity of the plant pathogen Phytophthora in Amazonian forests |
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Journal Article |
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2020 |
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Environmental Microbiology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Environ. Microbiol. |
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22 |
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12 |
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5019-5032 |
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The genus Phytophthora represents a group of plant pathogens with broad global distribution. The majority of them cause the collar and root-rot of diverse plant species. Little is known about Phytophthora communities in forest ecosystems, especially in the Neotropical forests where natural enemies could maintain the huge plant diversity via negative density dependence. We characterized the diversity of soil-borne Phytophthora communities in the North French Guiana rainforest and investigated how they are structured by host identity and environmental factors. In this little-explored habitat, 250 soil cores were sampled from 10 plots hosting 10 different plant families across three forest environments (Terra Firme, Seasonally Flooded and White Sand). Phytophthora diversity was studied using a baiting approach and metabarcoding (High-Throughput Sequencing) on environmental DNA extracted from both soil samples and baiting-leaves. These three approaches revealed very similar communities, characterized by an unexpected low diversity of Phytophthora species, with the dominance of two cryptic species close to Phytophthora heveae. As expected, the Phytophthora community composition of the French Guiana rainforest was significantly impacted by the host plant family and environment. However, these plant pathogen communities are very small and are dominated by generalist species, questioning their potential roles as drivers of plant diversity in these Amazonian forests. © 2020 Society for Applied Microbiology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. |
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International Center for Tropical Botany, Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, United States |
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Blackwell Publishing Ltd |
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14622912 (Issn) |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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940 |
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Binelli, G.; Montaigne, W.; Sabatier, D.; Scotti-Saintagne, C.; Scotti, I. |
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Discrepancies between genetic and ecological divergence patterns suggest a complex biogeographic history in a Neotropical genus |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Ecology and Evolution |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ecology and Evolution |
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Volume |
10 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
4726-4738 |
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allopatric divergence; Amazon; Guiana Shield; interspecific gene flow; Myristicaceae; secondary contact; Virola |
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Phylogenetic patterns and the underlying speciation processes can be deduced from morphological, functional, and ecological patterns of species similarity and divergence. In some cases, though, species retain multiple similarities and remain almost indistinguishable; in other cases, evolutionary convergence can make such patterns misleading; very often in such cases, the “true” picture only emerges from carefully built molecular phylogenies, which may come with major surprises. In addition, closely related species may experience gene flow after divergence, thus potentially blurring species delimitation. By means of advanced inferential methods, we studied molecular divergence between species of the Virola genus (Myristicaceae): widespread Virola michelii and recently described, endemic V. kwatae, using widespread V. surinamensis as a more distantly related outgroup with different ecology and morphology—although with overlapping range. Contrary to expectations, we found that the latter, and not V. michelii, was sister to V. kwatae. Therefore, V. kwatae probably diverged from V. surinamensis through a recent morphological and ecological shift, which brought it close to distantly related V. michelii. Through the modeling of the divergence process, we inferred that gene flow between V. surinamensis and V. kwatae stopped soon after their divergence and resumed later, in a classical secondary contact event which did not erase their ecological and morphological differences. While we cannot exclude that initial divergence occurred in allopatry, current species distribution and the absence of geographical barriers make complete isolation during speciation unlikely. We tentatively conclude that (a) it is possible that divergence occurred in allopatry/parapatry and (b) secondary contact did not suppress divergence. © 2020 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. |
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INRAE, URFM, Avignon, France |
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John Wiley and Sons Ltd |
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20457758 (Issn) |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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963 |
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Baudrimont, M.; Arini, A.; Guégan, C.; Venel, Z.; Gigault, J.; Pedrono, B.; Prunier, J.; Maurice, L.; Ter Halle, A.; Feurtet-Mazel, A. |
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Ecotoxicity of polyethylene nanoplastics from the North Atlantic oceanic gyre on freshwater and marine organisms (microalgae and filter-feeding bivalves) |
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Journal Article |
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2020 |
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Environmental Science and Pollution Research |
Abbreviated Journal |
Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. |
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27 |
Issue |
4 |
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3746-3755 |
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Cordicula fluminea; Ecotoxicity; Nanoplastics; Polyethylene; Scenedesmus subspicatus; Thalassiosira weissiflogii; bivalve; concentration (composition); ecotoxicology; filter feeder; gyre; microalga; nanoparticle; plastic waste; pollution exposure; polymer; Atlantic Ocean; Atlantic Ocean (North); Bivalvia; Chlorophyta; Corbicula fluminea; Desmodesmus subspicatus; Nitzschia alba; Thalassiosira |
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Each year, 5 to 10 million tons of plastic waste is dumped in the oceans via freshwaters and accumulated in huge oceanic gyres. Under the effect of several abiotic factors, macro plastic wastes (or plastic wastes with macro sizes) are fractionated into microplastics (MP) and finally reach the nanometric size (nanoplastic NP). To reveal potential toxic impacts of these NPs, two microalgae, Scenedemus subspicatus (freshwater green algae), and Thalassiosira weissiflogii (marine diatom) were exposed for up to 48 h at 1, 10, 100, 1000, and 10,000 μg/L to reference polyethylene NPs (PER) or NPs made from polyethylene collected in the North Atlantic gyre (PEN, 7th continent expedition in 2015). Freshwater filter-feeding bivalves, Corbicula fluminea, were exposed to 1000 μg/L of PER and PEN for 48 h to study a possible modification of their filtration or digestion capacity. The results show that PER and PEN do not influence the cell growth of T. weissiflogii, but the PEN exposure causes growth inhibition of S. subspicatus for all exposure concentrations tested. This growth inhibition is enhanced for a higher concentration of PER or PEN (10,000 μg/L) in S. subspicatus. The marine diatom T. weissiflogii appears to be less impacted by plastic pollution than the green algae S. subspicatus for the exposure time. Exposure to NPs does not lead to any alteration of bivalve filtration; however, fecal and pseudo-fecal production increased after PEN exposure, suggesting the implementation of rejection mechanisms for inedible particles. © 2019, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. |
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UMR IMRCP 5623, Université Paul Sabatier, CNRS, 118, route de Narbonne, Toulouse, 31062, France |
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Springer |
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09441344 (Issn) |
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Cited By :1; Export Date: 23 March 2020; Coden: Esple; Correspondence Address: Baudrimont, M.; UMR EPOC 5805, Université de Bordeaux—CNRS, Place du Dr Peyneau, France; email: magalie.baudrimont@u-bordeaux.fr |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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925 |
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Srivastava, D.S.; Céréghino, R.; Trzcinski, M.K.; MacDonald, A.A.M.; Marino, N.A.C.; Mercado, D.A.; Leroy, C.; Corbara, B.; Romero, G.Q.; Farjalla, V.F.; Barberis, I.M.; Dézerald, O.; Hammill, E.; Atwood, T.B.; Piccoli, G.C.O.; Ospina-Bautista, F.; Carrias, J.-F.; Leal, J.S.; Montero, G.; Antiqueira, P.A.P.; Freire, R.; Realpe, E.; Amundrud, S.L.; de Omena, P.M.; Campos, A.B.A. |
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Ecological response to altered rainfall differs across the Neotropics |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ecology |
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Volume |
101 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
e02984 |
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Keywords |
contingency; distributed experiment; freshwater; global change biology; macroinvertebrates; phytotelmata; precipitation; aquatic ecosystem; climate change; climate conditions; ecosystem response; extreme event; functional group; invertebrate; Neotropical Region; rainfall; species pool; Bacteria (microorganisms); Invertebrata; rain; animal; climate change; drought; ecosystem; invertebrate; Animals; Climate Change; Droughts; Ecosystem; Invertebrates; Rain |
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Abstract |
There is growing recognition that ecosystems may be more impacted by infrequent extreme climatic events than by changes in mean climatic conditions. This has led to calls for experiments that explore the sensitivity of ecosystems over broad ranges of climatic parameter space. However, because such response surface experiments have so far been limited in geographic and biological scope, it is not clear if differences between studies reflect geographic location or the ecosystem component considered. In this study, we manipulated rainfall entering tank bromeliads in seven sites across the Neotropics, and characterized the response of the aquatic ecosystem in terms of invertebrate functional composition, biological stocks (total invertebrate biomass, bacterial density) and ecosystem fluxes (decomposition, carbon, nitrogen). Of these response types, invertebrate functional composition was the most sensitive, even though, in some sites, the species pool had a high proportion of drought-tolerant families. Total invertebrate biomass was universally insensitive to rainfall change because of statistical averaging of divergent responses between functional groups. The response of invertebrate functional composition to rain differed between geographical locations because (1) the effect of rainfall on bromeliad hydrology differed between sites, and invertebrates directly experience hydrology not rainfall and (2) the taxonomic composition of some functional groups differed between sites, and families differed in their response to bromeliad hydrology. These findings suggest that it will be difficult to establish thresholds of “safe ecosystem functioning” when ecosystem components differ in their sensitivity to climatic variables, and such thresholds may not be broadly applicable over geographic space. In particular, ecological forecast horizons for climate change may be spatially restricted in systems where habitat properties mediate climatic impacts, and those, like the tropics, with high spatial turnover in species composition. © 2020 by the Ecological Society of America |
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Address |
Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Caldas, Caldas, 170001, Colombia |
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Publisher |
Ecological Society of America |
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ISSN |
00129658 (Issn) |
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Call Number |
EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
979 |
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