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Franco, W.; Ladino, N.;Delabie, J.H.C.;Dejean, A.;Orivel, J.;Fichaux, M.; Groc, S.;Leponce, M.;Feitosa, R.M. |
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First checklist of the ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of French Guiana |
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Journal Article |
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2019 |
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Zootaxa |
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4674 |
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5 |
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509-543 |
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We provide here a checklist of the ants of French Guiana, an overseas department of France situated in northern South America, with a very low human population density and predominantly covered by old-growth tropical rainforests. Based on 165 scientific papers, specimens deposited in collections, and unpublished surveys, a total of 659 valid species and subspecies from 84 genera and 12 subfamilies is presented. Although far from complete, these numbers represent approximately 10% of the ant diversity known to occur in the Neotropical realm. Additionally, three ant genera and 119 species are reported for the first time for French Guiana. Finally, five species are recognized as erroneous records for the the department in the literature. This checklist significantly expands the basic knowledge of the ants in the Guiana Shield, one of the world’s most important biodiversity hotspots. |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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886 |
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Maurice, L.; López, F.; Becerra, S.; Jamhoury, H.; Le Menach, K.; Dévier, M.-H.; Budzinski, H.; Prunier, J.; Juteau-Martineau, G.; Ochoa-Herrera, V.; Quiroga, D.; Schreck, E. |
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Drinking water quality in areas impacted by oil activities in Ecuador: Associated health risks and social perception of human exposure |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Science of the Total Environment |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sci. Total Environ. |
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690 |
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1203-1217 |
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Demineralized waters; Domestic waters; Hydrocarbons; Metal(loid)s; Oil activities; Social risk perception; Benzene refining; Health; Health risks; Hydrocarbons; Petroleum refineries; Petroleum refining; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Potable water; Risk assessment; Risk perception; Toluene; Trace elements; Water quality; Water wells; Zinc; Arsenic concentration; Demineralized water; Domestic water; Information sources; Living conditions; Microbiological analysis; Natural backgrounds; Oil activities; Water distribution systems |
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The unregulated oil exploitation in the Northern Ecuadorian Amazon Region (NEAR), mainly from 1964 to the 90's, led to toxic compounds largely released into the environment. A large majority of people living in the Amazon region have no access to drinking water distribution systems and collects water from rain, wells or small streams. The concentrations of major ions, trace elements, PAHs (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) and BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes) were analyzed in different water sources to evaluate the impacts of oil extraction and refining. Samples were taken from the NEAR and around the main refinery of the country (Esmeraldas Oil Refinery/State Oil Company of Ecuador) and were compared with domestic waters from the Southern region, not affected by petroleum activities. In most of the samples, microbiological analysis revealed a high level of coliforms representing significant health risks. All measured chemical compounds in waters were in line with national and international guidelines, except for manganese, zinc and aluminum. In several deep-water wells, close to oil camps, toluene concentrations were higher than the natural background while PAHs concentrations never exceeded individually 2 ng·L−1. Water ingestion represented 99% of the total exposure pathways for carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic elements (mainly zinc) in adults and children, while 20% to 49% of the Total Cancer Risk was caused by arsenic concentrations. The health index (HI) indicates acceptable chronic effects for domestic use according the US-EPA thresholds. Nevertheless, these limits do not consider the cocktail effects of metallic and organic compounds. Furthermore, they do not include the social determinants of human exposure, such as socio-economic living conditions or vulnerability. Most (72%) of interviewed families knew sanitary risks but a discrepancy was observed between knowledge and action: religious beliefs, cultural patterns, information sources, experience and emotions play an important role front to exposure. © 2019 |
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Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillNC 2759, United States |
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Elsevier B.V. |
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00489697 (Issn) |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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877 |
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Steidinger, B.S.; Crowther, T.W.; Liang, J.; Van Nuland, M.E.; Werner, G.D.A.; Reich, P.B.; Nabuurs, G.; de-Miguel, S.; Zhou, M.; Picard, N.; Herault, B.; Zhao, X.; Zhang, C.; Routh, D.; Peay, K.G.; Abegg, M.; Adou Yao, C.Y.; Alberti, G.; Almeyda Zambrano, A.; Alvarez-Davila, E.; Alvarez-Loayza, P.; Alves, L.F.; Ammer, C.; Antón-Fernández, C.; Araujo-Murakami, A.; Arroyo, L.; Avitabile, V.; Aymard, G.; Baker, T.; Bałazy, R.; Banki, O.; Barroso, J.; Bastian, M.; Bastin, J.-F.; Birigazzi, L.; Birnbaum, P.; Bitariho, R.; Boeckx, P.; Bongers, F.; Bouriaud, O.; Brancalion, P.H.S.; Brandl, S.; Brearley, F.Q.; Brienen, R.; Broadbent, E.; Bruelheide, H.; Bussotti, F.; Cazzolla Gatti, R.; Cesar, R.; Cesljar, G.; Chazdon, R.; Chen, H.Y.H.; Chisholm, C.; Cienciala, E.; Clark, C.J.; Clark, D.; Colletta, G.; Condit, R.; Coomes, D.; Cornejo Valverde, F.; Corral-Rivas, J.J.; Crim, P.; Cumming, J.; Dayanandan, S.; de Gasper, A.L.; Decuyper, M.; Derroire, G.; DeVries, B.; Djordjevic, I.; Iêda, A.; Dourdain, A.; Obiang, N.L.E.; Enquist, B.; Eyre, T.; Fandohan, A.B.; Fayle, T.M.; Feldpausch, T.R.; Finér, L.; Fischer, M.; Fletcher, C.; Fridman, J.; Frizzera, L.; Gamarra, J.G.P.; Gianelle, D.; Glick, H.B.; Harris, D.; Hector, A.; Hemp, A.; Hengeveld, G.; Herbohn, J.; Herold, M.; Hillers, A.; Honorio Coronado, E.N.; Huber, M.; Hui, C.; Cho, H.; Ibanez, T.; Jung, I.; Imai, N.; Jagodzinski, A.M.; Jaroszewicz, B.; Johannsen, V.; Joly, C.A.; Jucker, T.; Karminov, V.; Kartawinata, K.; Kearsley, E.; Kenfack, D.; Kennard, D.; Kepfer-Rojas, S.; Keppel, G.; Khan, M.L.; Killeen, T.; Kim, H.S.; Kitayama, K.; Köhl, M.; Korjus, H.; Kraxner, F.; Laarmann, D.; Lang, M.; Lewis, S.; Lu, H.; Lukina, N.; Maitner, B.; Malhi, Y.; Marcon, E.; Marimon, B.S.; Marimon-Junior, B.H.; Marshall, A.R.; Martin, E.; Martynenko, O.; Meave, J.A.; Melo-Cruz, O.; Mendoza, C.; Merow, C.; Monteagudo Mendoza, A.; Moreno, V.; Mukul, S.A.; Mundhenk, P.; Nava-Miranda, M.G.; Neill, D.; Neldner, V.; Nevenic, R.; Ngugi, M.; Niklaus, P.; Oleksyn, J.; Ontikov, P.; Ortiz-Malavasi, E.; Pan, Y.; Paquette, A.; Parada-Gutierrez, A.; Parfenova, E.; Park, M.; Parren, M.; Parthasarathy, N.; Peri, P.L.; Pfautsch, S.; Phillips, O.; Piedade, M.T.; Piotto, D.; Pitman, N.C.A.; Polo, I.; Poorter, L.; Poulsen, A.D.; Poulsen, J.R.; Pretzsch, H.; Ramirez Arevalo, F.; Restrepo-Correa, Z.; Rodeghiero, M.; Rolim, S.; Roopsind, A.; Rovero, F.; Rutishauser, E.; Saikia, P.; Saner, P.; Schall, P.; Schelhaas, M.-J.; Schepaschenko, D.; Scherer-Lorenzen, M.; Schmid, B.; Schöngart, J.; Searle, E.; Seben, V.; Serra-Diaz, J.M.; Salas-Eljatib, C.; Sheil, D.; Shvidenko, A.; Silva-Espejo, J.; Silveira, M.; Singh, J.; Sist, P.; Slik, F.; Sonké, B.; Souza, A.F.; Stereńczak, K.; Svenning, J.-C.; Svoboda, M.; Targhetta, N.; Tchebakova, N.; Steege, H.; Thomas, R.; Tikhonova, E.; Umunay, P.; Usoltsev, V.; Valladares, F.; van der Plas, F.; Van Do, T.; Vasquez Martinez, R.; Verbeeck, H.; Viana, H.; Vieira, S.; von Gadow, K.; Wang, H.-F.; Watson, J.; Westerlund, B.; Wiser, S.; Wittmann, F.; Wortel, V.; Zagt, R.; Zawila-Niedzwiecki, T.; Zhu, Z.-X.; Zo-Bi, I.C.; GFBI consortium |
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Title |
Climatic controls of decomposition drive the global biogeography of forest-tree symbioses |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Nature |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nature |
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Volume |
569 |
Issue |
7756 |
Pages |
404-408 |
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Fungi |
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The identity of the dominant root-associated microbial symbionts in a forest determines the ability of trees to access limiting nutrients from atmospheric or soil pools 1,2 , sequester carbon 3,4 and withstand the effects of climate change 5,6 . Characterizing the global distribution of these symbioses and identifying the factors that control this distribution are thus integral to understanding the present and future functioning of forest ecosystems. Here we generate a spatially explicit global map of the symbiotic status of forests, using a database of over 1.1 million forest inventory plots that collectively contain over 28,000 tree species. Our analyses indicate that climate variables—in particular, climatically controlled variation in the rate of decomposition—are the primary drivers of the global distribution of major symbioses. We estimate that ectomycorrhizal trees, which represent only 2% of all plant species 7 , constitute approximately 60% of tree stems on Earth. Ectomycorrhizal symbiosis dominates forests in which seasonally cold and dry climates inhibit decomposition, and is the predominant form of symbiosis at high latitudes and elevation. By contrast, arbuscular mycorrhizal trees dominate in aseasonal, warm tropical forests, and occur with ectomycorrhizal trees in temperate biomes in which seasonally warm-and-wet climates enhance decomposition. Continental transitions between forests dominated by ectomycorrhizal or arbuscular mycorrhizal trees occur relatively abruptly along climate-driven decomposition gradients; these transitions are probably caused by positive feedback effects between plants and microorganisms. Symbiotic nitrogen fixers—which are insensitive to climatic controls on decomposition (compared with mycorrhizal fungi)—are most abundant in arid biomes with alkaline soils and high maximum temperatures. The climatically driven global symbiosis gradient that we document provides a spatially explicit quantitative understanding of microbial symbioses at the global scale, and demonstrates the critical role of microbial mutualisms in shaping the distribution of plant species. © 2019, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited. |
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Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway |
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Nature Publishing Group |
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00280836 (Issn) |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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872 |
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N'Guessan, A.E.; N'dja, J.K.; Yao, O.N.; Amani, B.H.K.; Gouli, R.G.Z.; Piponiot, C.; Zo-Bi, I.C.; Herault, B. |
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Drivers of biomass recovery in a secondary forested landscape of West Africa |
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Journal Article |
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2019 |
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Forest Ecology and Management |
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433 |
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325-331 |
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Biomass; Cultivation; Ecology; Recovery; Secondary recovery; Agricultural land; Bayesian frameworks; Diameter-at-breast heights; Forested landscapes; Neotropical forests; Old-growth forest; Physical environments; Secondary forests; Forestry; Dioscorea alata |
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The rapidly growing human population in West Africa has generated increasing demand for agricultural land and forest products. Consequently 90% of the original rainforest cover has now disappeared and the remainder is heavily fragmented and highly degraded. Although many studies have focused on carbon stocks and fluxes in intact African forests, little information exists on biomass recovery rates in secondary forests. We studied a chronosequence of 96 secondary and old-growth forest fragments (0.2 ha each) where 32.103 trees with Diameter at Breast Height > 2.5 cm have been censused. We modelled the biomass recovery trajectories in a time-explicit Bayesian framework and tested the effect on recovery rates of a large set of covariates related to the physical environment, plot history, and forest connectivity. Recovery rate trajectory is highly non-linear: recovery rates accelerated from 1 to 37 years, when biomass recovery reached 4.23 Mg /ha /yr, and decelerated afterwards. We predict that, on average, 10%, 25% and 50% of the old-growth forest biomass is respectively recovered 17, 30, and 51 years after abandonment. Recovery rates are strongly shaped by both the number of remnant trees (residuals of the former old-growth forest) and the previous crop cultivated before abandonment. The latter induced large differences in the time needed to recover 50% of an old-growth forest biomass: from 38 years for former Yam fields up to 86 years for former rice fields. Our results emphasize (i) the very slow recovery rates of West African forests, as compared to Neotropical forests (ii) the long-lasting impacts of past human activities and management choices on ecosystem biomass recovery in West African degraded forests. |
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Elsevier B.V. |
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03781127 (Issn) |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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838 |
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Yguel, B.; Piponiot, C.; Mirabel, A.; Dourdain, A.; Hérault, B.; Gourlet-Fleury, S.; Forget, P.-M.; Fontaine, C. |
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Beyond species richness and biomass: Impact of selective logging and silvicultural treatments on the functional composition of a neotropical forest |
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Journal Article |
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2019 |
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Forest Ecology and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
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433 |
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528-534 |
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Selective logging; Humid tropical forest; Functional composition; Seed dispersal; Carbon storage; Commercial stock; Anthropogenic pressure; Sustainability |
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Tropical forests harbor the greatest terrestrial biodiversity and provide various ecosystem services. The increase of human activities on these forests, among which logging, makes the conservation of biodiversity and associated services strongly dependent on the sustainability of these activities. However the indicators commonly used to assess the impact of forest exploitation, namely species richness and biomass, provide a limited understanding of their sustainability. Here, we assessed the sustainability of common forest exploitation in the Guiana Shield studying the recovery of two ecosystem services i.e. carbon storage and wood stock, and an ecosystem function i.e. seed dispersal by animals. Specifically, we compared total and commercial biomass, as well as functional composition in seed size of animal-dispersed species in replicated forest plots before and 27 years after exploitation. Species richness is also studied to allow comparison. While species richness was not affected by forest exploitation, total and commercial biomass as well as seed size of animal-dispersed species decreased 27 years after exploitation, similarly to forests affected by hunting. These results show that ecosystem services and function likely did not recover even at the lowest intensity of forest exploitation studied, questioning the sustainability of the most common rotation-cycle duration applied in the tropics. |
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0378-1127 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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839 |
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Peguero, G.; Sardans, J.; Asensio, D.; Fernández-Martínez, M.; Gargallo-Garriga, A.; Grau, O.; Llusià, J.; Margalef, O.; Márquez, L.; Ogaya, R.; Urbina, I.; Courtois, E.A.; Stahl, C.; Van Langenhove, L.; Verryckt, L.T.; Richter, A.; Janssens, I.A.; Peñuelas, J. |
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Nutrient scarcity strengthens soil fauna control over leaf litter decomposition in tropical rainforests |
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Journal Article |
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2019 |
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Proceedings. Biological sciences |
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Proc. Biol. Sci. |
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286 |
Issue |
1910 |
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20191300 |
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biogeochemistry; extracellular enzyme activity; litter decomposition; nutrients; soil fauna |
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Soil fauna is a key control of the decomposition rate of leaf litter, yet its interactions with litter quality and the soil environment remain elusive. We conducted a litter decomposition experiment across different topographic levels within the landscape replicated in two rainforest sites providing natural gradients in soil fertility to test the hypothesis that low nutrient availability in litter and soil increases the strength of fauna control over litter decomposition. We crossed these data with a large dataset of 44 variables characterizing the biotic and abiotic microenvironment of each sampling point and found that microbe-driven carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) losses from leaf litter were 10.1 and 17.9% lower, respectively, in the nutrient-poorest site, but this among-site difference was equalized when meso- and macrofauna had access to the litterbags. Further, on average, soil fauna enhanced the rate of litter decomposition by 22.6%, and this contribution consistently increased as nutrient availability in the microenvironment declined. Our results indicate that nutrient scarcity increases the importance of soil fauna on C and N cycling in tropical rainforests. Further, soil fauna is able to equalize differences in microbial decomposition potential, thus buffering to a remarkable extent nutrient shortages at an ecosystem level. |
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Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, 1090, Austria |
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NLM (Medline) |
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14712954 (Issn) |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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884 |
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Prunier, J.; Maurice, L.; Perez, E.; Gigault, J.; Pierson Wickmann, A.-C.; Davranche, M.; Halle, A.T. |
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Trace metals in polyethylene debris from the North Atlantic subtropical gyre |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Environmental Pollution |
Abbreviated Journal |
Environ. Pollut. |
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Volume |
245 |
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371-379 |
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metals'accumulation; Microplastic; Plastic debris; Polyethylene; Polymer |
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Plastic pollution in the marine environment poses threats to wildlife and habitats through varied mechanisms, among which are the transport and transfer to the food web of hazardous substances. Still, very little is known about the metal content of plastic debris and about sorption/desorption processes, especially with respect to weathering. In this study, plastic debris collected from the North Atlantic subtropical gyre was analyzed for trace metals; as a comparison, new packaging materials were also analyzed. Both the new items and plastic debris showed very scattered concentrations. The new items contained significant amounts of trace metals introduced as additives, but globally, metal concentrations were higher in the plastic debris. The results provide evidence that enhanced metal concentrations increase with the plastic state of oxidation for some elements, such as As, Ti, Ni, and Cd. Transmission electron microscopy showed the presence of mineral particles on the surface of the plastic debris. This work demonstrates that marine plastic debris carries complex mixtures of heavy metals. Such materials not only behave as a source of metals resulting from intrinsic plastic additives but also are able to concentrate metals from ocean water as mineral nanoparticles or adsorbed species. Plastic debris collected from the North Atlantic subtropical gyre was analyzed for trace metals. Marine plastic debris carry complex mixtures of heavy metals but it is evidence that plastic oxidation favors their adsorption. |
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Univ Rennes, Geosciences, UMR CNRS 6118, bat 15, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes Cedex, 35042, France |
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Elsevier Ltd |
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02697491 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 3 December 2018; Coden: Enpoe; Correspondence Address: Halle, A.T.; Laboratoire des IMRCP, Université de Toulouse, CNRS UMR 5623, Université Toulouse III – Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, Cedex 09, France; email: ter-halle@chimie.ups-tlse.fr; References: Al-Sid-Cheikh, M., Pedrot, M., Dia, A., Guenet, H., Vantelon, D., Davranche, M., Gruau, G., Delhaye, T., Interactions between natural organic matter, sulfur, arsenic and iron oxides in re-oxidation compounds within riparian wetlands: NanoSIMS and X-ray adsorption spectroscopy evidences (2015) Sci. Total Environ., 515, pp. 118-128; Anderson, A., Andrady, A., Hidalgo-Ruz, V., Kershaw, P.J., Sources, Fate and Effects of Microplastics in the Marine Environment: a Global Assessment; GESAMP Joint Group of Expertts on the Scientific Aspects of Marine Environmental Protection (2015); Ashton, K., Holmes, L., Turner, A., Association of metals with plastic production pellets in the marine environment (2010) Mar. Pollut. Bull., 60, pp. 2050-2055; Bakir, A., Rowland, S.J., Thompson, R.C., Transport of persistent organic pollutants by microplastics in estuarine conditions (2014) Estuar. Coast Shelf Sci., 140, pp. 14-21; Belzile, N., Devitre, R.R., Tessier, A., Insitu collection of diagenetic iron and manganese oxyhydroxides from natural sediments (1989) Nature, 340, pp. 376-377; Brennecke, D., Duarte, B., Paiva, F., Cacador, I., Canning-Clode, J., Microplastics as vector for heavy metal contamination from the marine environment (2016) Estuar. Coast Shelf Sci., 178, pp. 189-195; Bylan, C., (2003) Developments in Colorants for Plastics, 14, p. 85; Carlton, J.T., Chapman, J.W., Geller, J.B., Miller, J.A., Carlton, D.A., McCuller, M.I., Treneman, N.C., Ruiz, G.M., Tsunami-driven rafting: transoceanic species dispersal and implications for marine biogeography (2017) Science, 357, pp. 1402-1405; Cordeiro, F., Baer, I., Robouch, P., Emteborg, H., C.-G, J., Korsten, B., d. l. 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Pollut., 178, pp. 483-492; Zettler, E.R., Mincer, T.J., Amaral-Zettler, L.A., Life in the “plastisphere”: microbial communities on plastic marine debris (2013) Environ. Sci. Technol., 47, pp. 7137-7146 |
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Clair, B.; Ghislain, B.; Prunier, J.; Lehnebach, R.; Beauchene, J.; Alméras, T. |
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Mechanical contribution of secondary phloem to postural control in trees: the bark side of the force |
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2019 |
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New Phytologist |
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New Phytol |
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221 |
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1 |
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209-217 |
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bark; Malvaceae; maturation stress; secondary phloem; tree biomechanics |
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Summary To grow straight, plants need a motor system that controls posture by generating forces to offset gravity. This motor function in trees was long thought to be only controlled by internal forces induced in wood. Here we provide evidence that bark is involved in the generation of mechanical stresses in several tree species. Saplings of nine tropical species were grown tilted and staked in a shadehouse and the change in curvature of the stem was measured after releasing from the pole and after removing the bark. This first experiment evidenced the contribution of bark in the up-righting movement of tree stems. Combined mechanical measurements of released strains on adult trees and microstructural observations in both transverse and longitudinal/tangential plane enabled us to identify the mechanism responsible for the development of asymmetric mechanical stress in the bark of stems of these species. This mechanism does not result from cell wall maturation like in wood, or from the direct action of turgor pressure like in unlignified organs, but is the consequence of the interaction between wood radial pressure and a smartly organized trellis structure in the inner bark. |
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John Wiley & Sons, Ltd (10.1111) |
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0028-646x |
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doi: 10.1111/nph.15375 |
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853 |
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Grossiord, C.; Christoffersen, B.; Alonso-Rodríguez, A.M.; Anderson-Teixeira, K.; Asbjornsen, H.; Aparecido, L.M.T.; Carter Berry, Z.; Baraloto, C.; Bonal, D.; Borrego, I.; Burban, B.; Chambers, J.Q.; Christianson, D.S.; Detto, M.; Faybishenko, B.; Fontes, C.G.; Fortunel, C.; Gimenez, B.O.; Jardine, K.J.; Kueppers, L.; Miller, G.R.; Moore, G.W.; Negron-Juarez, R.; Stahl, C.; Swenson, N.G.; Trotsiuk, V.; Varadharajan, C.; Warren, J.M.; Wolfe, B.T.; Wei, L.; Wood, T.E.; Xu, C.; McDowell, N.G. |
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Precipitation mediates sap flux sensitivity to evaporative demand in the neotropics |
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Journal Article |
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2019 |
Publication |
Oecologia |
Abbreviated Journal |
Oecologia |
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191 |
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3 |
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519-530 |
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Evapotranspiration; Plant functional traits; Transpiration; Vapor pressure deficit; drought; evapotranspiration; flux measurement; hydrological cycle; Neotropical Region; precipitation (chemistry); precipitation (climatology); tree; tropical forest; tropical region; vapor pressure; water; drought; evapotranspiration; forest; tree; vapor pressure; Droughts; Forests; Plant Transpiration; Trees; Vapor Pressure; Water |
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Transpiration in humid tropical forests modulates the global water cycle and is a key driver of climate regulation. Yet, our understanding of how tropical trees regulate sap flux in response to climate variability remains elusive. With a progressively warming climate, atmospheric evaporative demand [i.e., vapor pressure deficit (VPD)] will be increasingly important for plant functioning, becoming the major control of plant water use in the twenty-first century. Using measurements in 34 tree species at seven sites across a precipitation gradient in the neotropics, we determined how the maximum sap flux velocity (vmax) and the VPD threshold at which vmax is reached (VPDmax) vary with precipitation regime [mean annual precipitation (MAP); seasonal drought intensity (PDRY)] and two functional traits related to foliar and wood economics spectra [leaf mass per area (LMA); wood specific gravity (WSG)]. We show that, even though vmax is highly variable within sites, it follows a negative trend in response to increasing MAP and PDRY across sites. LMA and WSG exerted little effect on vmax and VPDmax, suggesting that these widely used functional traits provide limited explanatory power of dynamic plant responses to environmental variation within hyper-diverse forests. This study demonstrates that long-term precipitation plays an important role in the sap flux response of humid tropical forests to VPD. Our findings suggest that under higher evaporative demand, trees growing in wetter environments in humid tropical regions may be subjected to reduced water exchange with the atmosphere relative to trees growing in drier climates. © 2019, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. |
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Earth Systems Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States |
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Springer Verlag |
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00298549 (Issn) |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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904 |
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Fichaux, M.; Béchade, B.; Donald, J.; Weyna, A.; Delabie, J.H.C.; Murienne, J.; Baraloto, C.; Orivel, J. |
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Habitats shape taxonomic and functional composition of Neotropical ant assemblages |
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Journal Article |
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2019 |
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Oecologia |
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Oecologia |
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189 |
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2 |
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501-513 |
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Formicidae; Functional diversity; Habitat filtering; Rainforest; Traits; Formicidae |
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Determining assembly rules of co-occurring species persists as a fundamental goal in community ecology. At local scales, the relative importance of environmental filtering vs. competitive exclusion remains a subject of debate. In this study, we assessed the relative importance of habitat filtering and competition in structuring understory ant communities in tropical forests of French Guiana. Leaf-litter ants were collected using pitfall and Winkler traps across swamp, slope and plateau forests near Saül, French Guiana. We used a combination of univariate and multivariate analyses to evaluate trait response of ants to habitat characteristics. Null model analyses were used to investigate the effects of habitat filtering and competitive interactions on community assembly at the scale of assemblages and sampling points, respectively. Swamp forests presented a much lower taxonomic and functional richness compared to slope and plateau forests. Furthermore, marked differences in taxonomic and functional composition were observed between swamp forests and slope or plateau forests. We found weak evidence for competitive exclusion based on null models. Nevertheless, the contrasting trait composition observed between habitats revealed differences in the ecological attributes of the species in the different forest habitats. Our analyses suggest that competitive interactions may not play an important role in structuring leaf-litter ant assemblages locally. Rather, habitats are responsible for driving both taxonomic and functional composition of ant communities. |
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International Center for Tropical Botany, Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, United States |
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Springer Verlag |
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00298549 (Issn) |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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863 |
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