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Jaouen, G.; Sagne, A.; Buyck, B.; Decock, C.; Louisanna, E.; Manzi, S.; Baraloto, C.; Roy, M.; Schimann, H. |
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Fungi of French Guiana gathered in a taxonomic, environmental and molecular dataset |
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Journal Article |
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2019 |
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Scientific data |
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6 |
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206 |
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In Amazonia, the knowledge about Fungi remains patchy and biased towards accessible sites. This is particularly the case in French Guiana where the existing collections have been confined to few coastal localities. Here, we aimed at filling the gaps of knowledge in undersampled areas of this region, particularly focusing on the Basidiomycota. From 2011, we comprehensively collected fruiting-bodies with a stratified and reproducible sampling scheme in 126 plots. Sites of sampling reflected the main forest habitats of French Guiana in terms of soil fertility and topography. The dataset of 5219 specimens gathers 245 genera belonging to 75 families, 642 specimens are barcoded. The dataset is not a checklist as only 27% of the specimens are identified at the species level but 96% are identified at the genus level. We found an extraordinary diversity distributed across forest habitats. The dataset is an unprecedented and original collection of Basidiomycota for the region, making specimens available for taxonomists and ecologists. The database is publicly available in the GBIF repository ( https://doi.org/10.15468/ymvlrp ). |
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Department of Biological Science, Florida International University, FL, Miami, 33199, United States |
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Export Date: 28 October 2019 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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891 |
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Leponce, M.;Delabie, J.H.C.;Orivel, J.;Jacquemin, J.;Calvo Martin, M.;Dejean, A. |
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Tree-dwelling ant survey (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) in Mitaraka, French Guiana |
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Journal Article |
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2019 |
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Zoosystema |
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40 |
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sp1 |
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163-179 |
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Ants constitute a substantial part of the arthropod biomass in rainforests. Most studies have focused on ground-dwelling ants, which constitute almost half of the diversity of the ant assemblage. We report here the results of the first survey of tree-dwelling ants in French Guiana on a plateau and in a swamp palm forest (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) in the Mitaraka Mountains. We were interested in seeing the effect of topography and geographic distance on species richness and composition and to gather information on the species distribution on tree trunks. The fauna of Mitaraka was compared with one from a site 350 km distant (Petit Saut). In total 105 trees were sampled (30, 30, 45 in the plateau and the swamp forests of Mitaraka, and in Petit Saut plateau forest, respectively). Arboreal ants were attracted using tuna and honey baits spread along a rope reaching an upper branch, except for the palm swamp forest where the baits were only placed at 2 m high. A total of 34, 13 and 22 species were observed in these three respective sites. Six of these species are new records for French Guiana. In Mitaraka Camponotus femoratus (Fabricius, 1804) and Crematogaster leviorLongino, 2003 co-occurred on trees (parabiotic association) and were among the most common species, along with Crematogaster tenuiculaForel, 1904 which was found on other trees (species exclusion). The Mitaraka Mountains appeared more species rich and had a species composition distinct from Petit Saut. Topography also influenced ant species composition. Almost half of the species collected by the baitline method were exclusively foraging in the canopy. |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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883 |
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Schepaschenko, D.; Chave, J.; Phillips, O.L.; Lewis, S.L.; Davies, S.J.; Réjou-Méchain, M.; Sist, P.; Scipal, K.; Perger, C.; Herault, B.; Labrière, N.; Hofhansl, F.; Affum-Baffoe, K.; Aleinikov, A.; Alonso, A.; Amani, C.; Araujo-Murakami, A.; Armston, J.; Arroyo, L.; Ascarrunz, N.; Azevedo, C.; Baker, T.; Bałazy, R.; Bedeau, C.; Berry, N.; Bilous, A.M.; Bilous, S.Y.; Bissiengou, P.; Blanc, L.; Bobkova, K.S.; Braslavskaya, T.; Brienen, R.; Burslem, D.F.R.P.; Condit, R.; Cuni-Sanchez, A.; Danilina, D.; Del Castillo Torres, D.; Derroire, G.; Descroix, L.; Sotta, E.D.; d'Oliveira, M.V.N.; Dresel, C.; Erwin, T.; Evdokimenko, M.D.; Falck, J.; Feldpausch, T.R.; Foli, E.G.; Foster, R.; Fritz, S.; Garcia-Abril, A.D.; Gornov, A.; Gornova, M.; Gothard-Bassébé, E.; Gourlet-Fleury, S.; Guedes, M.; Hamer, K.C.; Susanty, F.H.; Higuchi, N.; Coronado, E.N.H.; Hubau, W.; Hubbell, S.; Ilstedt, U.; Ivanov, V.V.; Kanashiro, M.; Karlsson, A.; Karminov, V.N.; Killeen, T.; Koffi, J.-C.K.; Konovalova, M.; Kraxner, F.; Krejza, J.; Krisnawati, H.; Krivobokov, L.V.; Kuznetsov, M.A.; Lakyda, I.; Lakyda, P.I.; Licona, J.C.; Lucas, R.M.; Lukina, N.; Lussetti, D.; Malhi, Y.; Manzanera, J.A.; Marimon, B.; Junior, B.H.M.; Martinez, R.V.; Martynenko, O.V.; Matsala, M.; Matyashuk, R.K.; Mazzei, L.; Memiaghe, H.; Mendoza, C.; Mendoza, A.M.; Moroziuk, O.V.; Mukhortova, L.; Musa, S.; Nazimova, D.I.; Okuda, T.; Oliveira, L.C.; Ontikov, P.V.; Osipov, A.F.; Pietsch, S.; Playfair, M.; Poulsen, J.; Radchenko, V.G.; Rodney, K.; Rozak, A.H.; Ruschel, A.; Rutishauser, E.; See, L.; Shchepashchenko, M.; Shevchenko, N.; Shvidenko, A.; Silveira, M.; Singh, J.; Sonké, B.; Souza, C.; Stereńczak, K.; Stonozhenko, L.; Sullivan, M.J.P.; Szatniewska, J.; Taedoumg, H.; Ter Steege, H.; Tikhonova, E.; Toledo, M.; Trefilova, O.V.; Valbuena, R.; Gamarra, L.V.; Vasiliev, S.; Vedrova, E.F.; Verhovets, S.V.; Vidal, E.; Vladimirova, N.A.; Vleminckx, J.; Vos, V.A.; Vozmitel, F.K.; Wanek, W.; West, T.A.P.; Woell, H.; Woods, J.T.; Wortel, V.; Yamada, T.; Nur Hajar, Z.S.; Zo-Bi, I.C. |
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Title |
The Forest Observation System, building a global reference dataset for remote sensing of forest biomass |
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Journal Article |
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2019 |
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Scientific data |
Abbreviated Journal |
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6 |
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198 |
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Forest biomass is an essential indicator for monitoring the Earth's ecosystems and climate. It is a critical input to greenhouse gas accounting, estimation of carbon losses and forest degradation, assessment of renewable energy potential, and for developing climate change mitigation policies such as REDD+, among others. Wall-to-wall mapping of aboveground biomass (AGB) is now possible with satellite remote sensing (RS). However, RS methods require extant, up-to-date, reliable, representative and comparable in situ data for calibration and validation. Here, we present the Forest Observation System (FOS) initiative, an international cooperation to establish and maintain a global in situ forest biomass database. AGB and canopy height estimates with their associated uncertainties are derived at a 0.25 ha scale from field measurements made in permanent research plots across the world's forests. All plot estimates are geolocated and have a size that allows for direct comparison with many RS measurements. The FOS offers the potential to improve the accuracy of RS-based biomass products while developing new synergies between the RS and ground-based ecosystem research communities. |
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FRIM Forest Research Institute of Malaysia, 52109 Kepong, Selangor, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia |
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Export Date: 21 October 2019 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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889 |
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Franco, W.; Ladino, N.;Delabie, J.H.C.;Dejean, A.;Orivel, J.;Fichaux, M.; Groc, S.;Leponce, M.;Feitosa, R.M. |
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First checklist of the ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of French Guiana |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Zootaxa |
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4674 |
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5 |
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509-543 |
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We provide here a checklist of the ants of French Guiana, an overseas department of France situated in northern South America, with a very low human population density and predominantly covered by old-growth tropical rainforests. Based on 165 scientific papers, specimens deposited in collections, and unpublished surveys, a total of 659 valid species and subspecies from 84 genera and 12 subfamilies is presented. Although far from complete, these numbers represent approximately 10% of the ant diversity known to occur in the Neotropical realm. Additionally, three ant genera and 119 species are reported for the first time for French Guiana. Finally, five species are recognized as erroneous records for the the department in the literature. This checklist significantly expands the basic knowledge of the ants in the Guiana Shield, one of the world’s most important biodiversity hotspots. |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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886 |
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Ter Steege, H.; Henkel, T.W.; Helal, N.; Marimon, B.S.; Marimon-Junior, B.H.; Huth, A.; Groeneveld, J.; Sabatier, D.; Coelho, L.S.; Filho, D.A.L.; Salomão, R.P.; Amaral, I.L.; Matos, F.D.A.; Castilho, C.V.; Phillips, O.L.; Guevara, J.E.; Carim, M.J.V.; Cárdenas López, D.; Magnusson, W.E.; Wittmann, F.; Irume, M.V.; Martins, M.P.; Guimarães, J.R.D.S.; Molino, J.-F.; Bánki, O.S.; Piedade, M.T.F.; Pitman, N.C.A.; Mendoza, A.M.; Ramos, J.F.; Luize, B.G.; Moraes de Leão Novo, E.M.; Núñez Vargas, P.; Silva, T.S.F.; Venticinque, E.M.; Manzatto, A.G.; Reis, N.F.C.; Terborgh, J.; Casula, K.R.; Honorio Coronado, E.N.; Montero, J.C.; Feldpausch, T.R.; Duque, A.; Costa, F.R.C.; Arboleda, N.C.; Schöngart, J.; Killeen, T.J.; Vasquez, R.; Mostacedo, B.; Demarchi, L.O.; Assis, R.L.; Baraloto, C.; Engel, J.; Petronelli, P.; Castellanos, H.; de Medeiros, M.B.; Quaresma, A.; Simon, M.F.; Andrade, A.; Camargo, J.L.; Laurance, S.G.W.; Laurance, W.F.; Rincón, L.M.; Schietti, J.; Sousa, T.R.; de Sousa Farias, E.; Lopes, M.A.; Magalhães, J.L.L.; Mendonça Nascimento, H.E.; Lima de Queiroz, H.; Aymard C, G.A.; Brienen, R.; Revilla, J.D.C.; Vieira, I.C.G.; Cintra, B.B.L.; Stevenson, P.R.; Feitosa, Y.O.; Duivenvoorden, J.F.; Mogollón, H.F.; Araujo-Murakami, A.; Ferreira, L.V.; Lozada, J.R.; Comiskey, J.A.; de Toledo, J.J.; Damasco, G.; Dávila, N.; Draper, F.; García-Villacorta, R.; Lopes, A.; Vicentini, A.; Alonso, A.; Dallmeier, F.; Gomes, V.H.F.; Lloyd, J.; Neill, D.; de Aguiar, D.P.P.; Arroyo, L.; Carvalho, F.A.; de Souza, F.C.; do Amaral, D.D.; Feeley, K.J.; Gribel, R.; Pansonato, M.P.; Barlow, J.; Berenguer, E.; Ferreira, J.; Fine, P.V.A.; Guedes, M.C.; Jimenez, E.M.; Licona, J.C.; Peñuela Mora, M.C.; Villa, B.; Cerón, C.; Maas, P.; Silveira, M.; Stropp, J.; Thomas, R.; Baker, T.R.; Daly, D.; Dexter, K.G.; Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, I.; Milliken, W.; Pennington, T.; Ríos Paredes, M.; Fuentes, A.; Klitgaard, B.; Pena, J.L.M.; Peres, C.A.; Silman, M.R.; Tello, J.S.; Chave, J.; Cornejo Valverde, F.; Di Fiore, A.; Hilário, R.R.; Phillips, J.F.; Rivas-Torres, G.; van Andel, T.R.; von Hildebrand, P.; Noronha, J.C.; Barbosa, E.M.; Barbosa, F.R.; de Matos Bonates, L.C.; Carpanedo, R.S.; Dávila Doza, H.P.; Fonty, É.; GómeZárate Z, R.; Gonzales, T.; Gallardo Gonzales, G.P.; Hoffman, B.; Junqueira, A.B.; Malhi, Y.; Miranda, I.P.A.; Pinto, L.F.M.; Prieto, A.; Rodrigues, D.J.; Rudas, A.; Ruschel, A.R.; Silva, N.; Vela, C.I.A.; Vos, V.A.; Zent, E.L.; Zent, S.; Weiss Albuquerque, B.; Cano, A.; Carrero Márquez, Y.A.; Correa, D.F.; Costa, J.B.P.; Flores, B.M.; Galbraith, D.; Holmgren, M.; Kalamandeen, M.; Nascimento, M.T.; Oliveira, A.A.; Ramirez-Angulo, H.; Rocha, M.; Scudeller, V.V.; Sierra, R.; Tirado, M.; Umaña Medina, M.N.; van der Heijden, G.; Vilanova Torre, E.; Vriesendorp, C.; Wang, O.; Young, K.R.; Ahuite Reategui, M.A.; Baider, C.; Balslev, H.; Cárdenas, S.; Casas, L.F.; Farfan-Rios, W.; Ferreira, C.; Linares-Palomino, R.; Mendoza, C.; Mesones, I.; Torres-Lezama, A.; Giraldo, L.E.U.; Villarroel, D.; Zagt, R.; Alexiades, M.N.; de Oliveira, E.A.; Garcia-Cabrera, K.; Hernandez, L.; Palacios Cuenca, W.; Pansini, S.; Pauletto, D.; Ramirez Arevalo, F.; Sampaio, A.F.; Sandoval, E.H.V.; Valenzuela Gamarra, L.; Levesley, A.; Pickavance, G.; Melgaço, K. |
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Title |
Rarity of monodominance in hyperdiverse Amazonian forests |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Scientific reports |
Abbreviated Journal |
Scientific reports |
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Volume |
9 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
13822 |
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Tropical forests are known for their high diversity. Yet, forest patches do occur in the tropics where a single tree species is dominant. Such “monodominant” forests are known from all of the main tropical regions. For Amazonia, we sampled the occurrence of monodominance in a massive, basin-wide database of forest-inventory plots from the Amazon Tree Diversity Network (ATDN). Utilizing a simple defining metric of at least half of the trees over 10cm diameter belonging to one species, we found only a few occurrences of monodominance in Amazonia, and the phenomenon was not significantly linked to previously hypothesized life history traits such wood density, seed mass, ectomycorrhizal associations, or Rhizobium nodulation. In our analysis, coppicing (the formation of sprouts at the base of the tree or on roots) was the only trait significantly linked to monodominance. While at specific locales coppicing or ectomycorrhizal associations may confer a considerable advantage to a tree species and lead to its monodominance, very few species have these traits. Mining of the ATDN dataset suggests that monodominance is quite rare in Amazonia, and may be linked primarily to edaphic factors. |
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Department of Biology, University of Missouri, St. Louis, MO, 63121, USA |
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Export Date: 7 October 2019 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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887 |
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Ghislain, B.; Engel, J.; Clair, B.; Donaldson, L.; Baas, P. |
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Diversity of anatomical structure of tension wood among 242 tropical tree species |
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Journal Article |
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2019 |
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IAWA Journal |
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40 |
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4 |
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765-784 |
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Angiosperm trees produce tension wood to actively control their vertical position. Tension wood has often been characterised by the presence of an unlignified inner fibre wall layer called the G-layer. Using this definition, previous reports indicate that only one-third of all tree species have tension wood with G-layers. Here we aim to (i) describe the large diversity of tension wood anatomy in tropical tree species, taking advantage of the recent understanding of tension wood anatomy and (ii) explore any link between this diversity and other ecological traits of the species. We sampled tension wood and normal wood in 432 trees from 242 species in French Guiana. The samples were observed using safranin and astra blue staining combined with optical microscopy. Species were assigned to four anatomical groups depending on the presence/absence of G-layers, and their degree of lignification. The groups were analysed for functional traits including wood density and light preferences. Eighty-six% of the species had G-layers in their tension wood which was lignified in most species, with various patterns of lignification. Only a few species did not have G-layers. We found significantly more species with lignified G-layers among shade-tolerant and shade-demanding species as well as species with a high wood density. Our results bring up-to-date the incidence of species with/without G-layers in the tropical lowland forest where lignified G-layers are the most common anatomy of tension wood. Species without G-layers may share a common mechanism with the bark motor taking over the wood motor. We discuss the functional role of lignin in the G-layer. |
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Brill |
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Leiden, The Netherlands |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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903 |
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Odonne, G.; van den Bel, M.; Burst, M.; Brunaux, O.; Bruno, M.; Dambrine, E.; Davy, D.; Desprez, M.; Engel, J.; Ferry, B.; Freycon, V.; Grenand, P.; Jérémie, S.; Mestre, M.; Molino, J.-F.; Petronelli, P.; Sabatier, D.; Hérault, B. |
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Long-term influence of early human occupations on current forests of the Guiana Shield |
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Journal Article |
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2019 |
Publication |
Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ecology |
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100 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
e02806 |
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Amazonian forest; archaeology; ethnobotany; Guiana Shield; historical ecology; pre-Columbian settlements; ring-ditched hills; alluvial plain; anthropogenic effect; archaeology; basal area; database; ethnobotany; forest ecosystem; historical ecology; occupation; paleoecology; species diversity; Amazonia; French Guiana; Guyana Shield; Annonaceae; Arecaceae; Burseraceae; Lauraceae; Lecythidaceae; Brazil; forest; French Guiana; human; occupation; tree; Brazil; Forests; French Guiana; Humans; Occupations; Trees |
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To decipher the long-term influences of pre-Columbian land occupations on contemporary forest structure, diversity, and functioning in Amazonia, most of the previous research focused on the alluvial plains of the major rivers of the Amazon basin. Terra firme, that is, nonflooded forests, particularly from the Guiana Shield, are yet to be explored. In this study, we aim to give new insights into the subtle traces of pre-Columbian influences on present-day forests given the archaeological context of terra firme forests of the Guiana Shield. Following archaeological prospects on 13 sites in French Guiana, we carried out forest inventories inside and outside archaeological sites and assessed the potential pre-Columbian use of the sampled tree species using an original ethnobotanical database of the Guiana Shield region. Aboveground biomass (320 and 380 T/ha, respectively), basal area (25–30 and 30–35 m2/ha, respectively), and tree density (550 and 700 stem/ha, respectively) were all significantly lower on anthropized plots (As) than on nonanthropized plots (NAs). Ancient human presence shaped the species composition of the sampled forests with Arecaceae, Burseraceae, and Lauraceae significantly more frequent in As and Annonaceae and Lecythidaceae more frequent in NAs. Although alpha diversity was not different between As and NAs, the presence of pre-Columbian sites enhances significantly the forest beta diversity at the landscape level. Finally, trees with edible fruits are positively associated with pre-Columbian sites, whereas trees used for construction or for their bark are negatively associated with pre-Columbian sites. Half a millennium after their abandonment, former occupied places from the inner Guiana Shield still bear noticeable differences with nonanthropized places. Considering the lack of data concerning archaeology of terra firme Amazonian forests, our results suggest that pre-Columbian influences on the structure (lower current biomass), diversity (higher beta diversity), and composition (linked to the past human tree uses) of current Amazonian forests might be more important than previously thought. © 2019 by the Ecological Society of America |
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Institut National Polytechnique Félix Houphouet-Boigny (INP-HB), Yamoussoukro, Ivory Coast, Cote d'Ivoire |
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Ecological Society of America |
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00129658 (Issn) |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
919 |
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Author |
Clair, B.; Ghislain, B.; Prunier, J.; Lehnebach, R.; Beauchene, J.; Alméras, T. |
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Title |
Mechanical contribution of secondary phloem to postural control in trees: the bark side of the force |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
New Phytologist |
Abbreviated Journal |
New Phytol |
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Volume |
221 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
209-217 |
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Keywords |
bark; Malvaceae; maturation stress; secondary phloem; tree biomechanics |
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Abstract |
Summary To grow straight, plants need a motor system that controls posture by generating forces to offset gravity. This motor function in trees was long thought to be only controlled by internal forces induced in wood. Here we provide evidence that bark is involved in the generation of mechanical stresses in several tree species. Saplings of nine tropical species were grown tilted and staked in a shadehouse and the change in curvature of the stem was measured after releasing from the pole and after removing the bark. This first experiment evidenced the contribution of bark in the up-righting movement of tree stems. Combined mechanical measurements of released strains on adult trees and microstructural observations in both transverse and longitudinal/tangential plane enabled us to identify the mechanism responsible for the development of asymmetric mechanical stress in the bark of stems of these species. This mechanism does not result from cell wall maturation like in wood, or from the direct action of turgor pressure like in unlignified organs, but is the consequence of the interaction between wood radial pressure and a smartly organized trellis structure in the inner bark. |
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John Wiley & Sons, Ltd (10.1111) |
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0028-646x |
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Notes |
doi: 10.1111/nph.15375 |
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no |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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853 |
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Author |
Steidinger, B.S.; Crowther, T.W.; Liang, J.; Van Nuland, M.E.; Werner, G.D.A.; Reich, P.B.; Nabuurs, G.; de-Miguel, S.; Zhou, M.; Picard, N.; Herault, B.; Zhao, X.; Zhang, C.; Routh, D.; Peay, K.G.; Abegg, M.; Adou Yao, C.Y.; Alberti, G.; Almeyda Zambrano, A.; Alvarez-Davila, E.; Alvarez-Loayza, P.; Alves, L.F.; Ammer, C.; Antón-Fernández, C.; Araujo-Murakami, A.; Arroyo, L.; Avitabile, V.; Aymard, G.; Baker, T.; Bałazy, R.; Banki, O.; Barroso, J.; Bastian, M.; Bastin, J.-F.; Birigazzi, L.; Birnbaum, P.; Bitariho, R.; Boeckx, P.; Bongers, F.; Bouriaud, O.; Brancalion, P.H.S.; Brandl, S.; Brearley, F.Q.; Brienen, R.; Broadbent, E.; Bruelheide, H.; Bussotti, F.; Cazzolla Gatti, R.; Cesar, R.; Cesljar, G.; Chazdon, R.; Chen, H.Y.H.; Chisholm, C.; Cienciala, E.; Clark, C.J.; Clark, D.; Colletta, G.; Condit, R.; Coomes, D.; Cornejo Valverde, F.; Corral-Rivas, J.J.; Crim, P.; Cumming, J.; Dayanandan, S.; de Gasper, A.L.; Decuyper, M.; Derroire, G.; DeVries, B.; Djordjevic, I.; Iêda, A.; Dourdain, A.; Obiang, N.L.E.; Enquist, B.; Eyre, T.; Fandohan, A.B.; Fayle, T.M.; Feldpausch, T.R.; Finér, L.; Fischer, M.; Fletcher, C.; Fridman, J.; Frizzera, L.; Gamarra, J.G.P.; Gianelle, D.; Glick, H.B.; Harris, D.; Hector, A.; Hemp, A.; Hengeveld, G.; Herbohn, J.; Herold, M.; Hillers, A.; Honorio Coronado, E.N.; Huber, M.; Hui, C.; Cho, H.; Ibanez, T.; Jung, I.; Imai, N.; Jagodzinski, A.M.; Jaroszewicz, B.; Johannsen, V.; Joly, C.A.; Jucker, T.; Karminov, V.; Kartawinata, K.; Kearsley, E.; Kenfack, D.; Kennard, D.; Kepfer-Rojas, S.; Keppel, G.; Khan, M.L.; Killeen, T.; Kim, H.S.; Kitayama, K.; Köhl, M.; Korjus, H.; Kraxner, F.; Laarmann, D.; Lang, M.; Lewis, S.; Lu, H.; Lukina, N.; Maitner, B.; Malhi, Y.; Marcon, E.; Marimon, B.S.; Marimon-Junior, B.H.; Marshall, A.R.; Martin, E.; Martynenko, O.; Meave, J.A.; Melo-Cruz, O.; Mendoza, C.; Merow, C.; Monteagudo Mendoza, A.; Moreno, V.; Mukul, S.A.; Mundhenk, P.; Nava-Miranda, M.G.; Neill, D.; Neldner, V.; Nevenic, R.; Ngugi, M.; Niklaus, P.; Oleksyn, J.; Ontikov, P.; Ortiz-Malavasi, E.; Pan, Y.; Paquette, A.; Parada-Gutierrez, A.; Parfenova, E.; Park, M.; Parren, M.; Parthasarathy, N.; Peri, P.L.; Pfautsch, S.; Phillips, O.; Piedade, M.T.; Piotto, D.; Pitman, N.C.A.; Polo, I.; Poorter, L.; Poulsen, A.D.; Poulsen, J.R.; Pretzsch, H.; Ramirez Arevalo, F.; Restrepo-Correa, Z.; Rodeghiero, M.; Rolim, S.; Roopsind, A.; Rovero, F.; Rutishauser, E.; Saikia, P.; Saner, P.; Schall, P.; Schelhaas, M.-J.; Schepaschenko, D.; Scherer-Lorenzen, M.; Schmid, B.; Schöngart, J.; Searle, E.; Seben, V.; Serra-Diaz, J.M.; Salas-Eljatib, C.; Sheil, D.; Shvidenko, A.; Silva-Espejo, J.; Silveira, M.; Singh, J.; Sist, P.; Slik, F.; Sonké, B.; Souza, A.F.; Stereńczak, K.; Svenning, J.-C.; Svoboda, M.; Targhetta, N.; Tchebakova, N.; Steege, H.; Thomas, R.; Tikhonova, E.; Umunay, P.; Usoltsev, V.; Valladares, F.; van der Plas, F.; Van Do, T.; Vasquez Martinez, R.; Verbeeck, H.; Viana, H.; Vieira, S.; von Gadow, K.; Wang, H.-F.; Watson, J.; Westerlund, B.; Wiser, S.; Wittmann, F.; Wortel, V.; Zagt, R.; Zawila-Niedzwiecki, T.; Zhu, Z.-X.; Zo-Bi, I.C.; GFBI consortium |
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Title |
Climatic controls of decomposition drive the global biogeography of forest-tree symbioses |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Nature |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nature |
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Volume |
569 |
Issue |
7756 |
Pages |
404-408 |
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Keywords |
Fungi |
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The identity of the dominant root-associated microbial symbionts in a forest determines the ability of trees to access limiting nutrients from atmospheric or soil pools 1,2 , sequester carbon 3,4 and withstand the effects of climate change 5,6 . Characterizing the global distribution of these symbioses and identifying the factors that control this distribution are thus integral to understanding the present and future functioning of forest ecosystems. Here we generate a spatially explicit global map of the symbiotic status of forests, using a database of over 1.1 million forest inventory plots that collectively contain over 28,000 tree species. Our analyses indicate that climate variables—in particular, climatically controlled variation in the rate of decomposition—are the primary drivers of the global distribution of major symbioses. We estimate that ectomycorrhizal trees, which represent only 2% of all plant species 7 , constitute approximately 60% of tree stems on Earth. Ectomycorrhizal symbiosis dominates forests in which seasonally cold and dry climates inhibit decomposition, and is the predominant form of symbiosis at high latitudes and elevation. By contrast, arbuscular mycorrhizal trees dominate in aseasonal, warm tropical forests, and occur with ectomycorrhizal trees in temperate biomes in which seasonally warm-and-wet climates enhance decomposition. Continental transitions between forests dominated by ectomycorrhizal or arbuscular mycorrhizal trees occur relatively abruptly along climate-driven decomposition gradients; these transitions are probably caused by positive feedback effects between plants and microorganisms. Symbiotic nitrogen fixers—which are insensitive to climatic controls on decomposition (compared with mycorrhizal fungi)—are most abundant in arid biomes with alkaline soils and high maximum temperatures. The climatically driven global symbiosis gradient that we document provides a spatially explicit quantitative understanding of microbial symbioses at the global scale, and demonstrates the critical role of microbial mutualisms in shaping the distribution of plant species. © 2019, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited. |
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Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway |
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Nature Publishing Group |
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ISSN |
00280836 (Issn) |
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no |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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872 |
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Author |
Fichaux, M.; Béchade, B.; Donald, J.; Weyna, A.; Delabie, J.H.C.; Murienne, J.; Baraloto, C.; Orivel, J. |
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Title |
Habitats shape taxonomic and functional composition of Neotropical ant assemblages |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Oecologia |
Abbreviated Journal |
Oecologia |
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Volume |
189 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
501-513 |
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Keywords |
Formicidae; Functional diversity; Habitat filtering; Rainforest; Traits; Formicidae |
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Determining assembly rules of co-occurring species persists as a fundamental goal in community ecology. At local scales, the relative importance of environmental filtering vs. competitive exclusion remains a subject of debate. In this study, we assessed the relative importance of habitat filtering and competition in structuring understory ant communities in tropical forests of French Guiana. Leaf-litter ants were collected using pitfall and Winkler traps across swamp, slope and plateau forests near Saül, French Guiana. We used a combination of univariate and multivariate analyses to evaluate trait response of ants to habitat characteristics. Null model analyses were used to investigate the effects of habitat filtering and competitive interactions on community assembly at the scale of assemblages and sampling points, respectively. Swamp forests presented a much lower taxonomic and functional richness compared to slope and plateau forests. Furthermore, marked differences in taxonomic and functional composition were observed between swamp forests and slope or plateau forests. We found weak evidence for competitive exclusion based on null models. Nevertheless, the contrasting trait composition observed between habitats revealed differences in the ecological attributes of the species in the different forest habitats. Our analyses suggest that competitive interactions may not play an important role in structuring leaf-litter ant assemblages locally. Rather, habitats are responsible for driving both taxonomic and functional composition of ant communities. |
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International Center for Tropical Botany, Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, United States |
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Springer Verlag |
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00298549 (Issn) |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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863 |
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