| |
Records |
Links |
|
Author |
Touchard, A.; Koh, J.M.S.; Aili, S.R.; Dejean, A.; Nicholson, G.M.; Orivel, J.; Escoubas, P. |
|
| |
Title |
The complexity and structural diversity of ant venom peptidomes is revealed by mass spectrometry profiling |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry |
Abbreviated Journal |
Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry |
|
| |
Volume  |
29 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
385-396 |
|
| |
Keywords |
|
|
| |
Abstract |
Rationale Compared with other animal venoms, ant venoms remain little explored. Ants have evolved complex venoms to rapidly immobilize arthropod prey and to protect their colonies from predators and pathogens. Many ants have retained peptide-rich venoms that are similar to those of other arthropod groups. Methods With the goal of conducting a broad and comprehensive survey of ant venom peptide diversity, we investigated the peptide composition of venoms from 82 stinging ant species from nine subfamilies using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOFMS). We also conducted an in-depth investigation of eight venoms using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) separation coupled with offline MALDI-TOFMS. Results Our results reveal that the peptide compositions of ant venom peptidomes from both poneroid and formicoid ant clades comprise hundreds of small peptides (<4 kDa), while large peptides (>4 kDa) are also present in the venom of formicoids. Chemical reduction revealed the presence of disulfide-linked peptides in most ant subfamilies, including peptides structured by one, two or three disulfide bonds as well as dimeric peptides reticulated by three disulfide bonds. Conclusions The biochemical complexity of ant venoms, associated with an enormous ecological and taxonomic diversity, suggests that stinging ant venoms constitute a promising source of bioactive molecules that could be exploited in the search for novel drug and biopesticide leads. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. |
|
| |
Address |
VenomeTech, 473 Route des DolinesValbonne, France |
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
Export Date: 24 April 2015 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
599 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Morel, H.; Mangenet, T.; Beauchene, J.; Ruelle, J.; Nicolini, E.; Heuret, P.; Thibaut, B. |
|
| |
Title |
Seasonal variations in phenological traits: leaf shedding and cambial activity in Parkia nitida Miq. and Parkia velutina Benoist (Fabaceae) in tropical rainforest |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Trees – Structure and Function |
Abbreviated Journal |
Trees – Structure and Function |
|
| |
Volume |
29 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
973-984 |
|
| |
Keywords |
Cambial activity; Climate; French Guiana; Leaf shedding pattern; Tropical rainforest |
|
| |
Abstract |
Key message: In French Guiana, the leaf and cambium phenologies should not be considered only as exogenous-driven processes, as the dry season, but also as endogenous-driven, as tree development stage. Abstract: Studies of the periodicity of wood formation provide essential data on tree age and on factors that control tree growth. The aim of this work was to investigate cambial phenology and its relation with leaf phenology and climatic seasonality in two briefly deciduous tropical rainforest species belonging to the genus Parkia. Wood microcores were collected every 15 days from April 2009 to February 2012 from five trees of each species. The microcores were stained with cresyl violet acetate to facilitate counting the number of cells in the cambial zone, in the radial enlargement zone and wall-thickening zone. At the same time, we observed leaf shedding pattern in the crown of the same trees. In both species, cambial activity was significantly reduced during the leafless period. In P. nitida, these two concomitant events were observed during the dry season whereas in P. velutina they can occur anytime in the year with no apparent link with seasonality. In conclusion, the period of reduced cambial activity in some tropical rainforest trees may be independent of rainfall seasonality and not necessarily follow an annual cycle. It appears that leaf phenology is a good proxy to estimate cambial activity. © 2015, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. |
|
| |
Address |
CNRS, UMR Laboratoire de Mécanique et Génie Civil de Montpellier, Montpellier, France |
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
Export Date: 16 July 2015 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
610 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Maréchaux, I.; Bartlett, M.K.; Sack, L.; Baraloto, C.; Engel, J.; Joetzjer, E.; Chave, J. |
|
| |
Title |
Drought tolerance as predicted by leaf water potential at turgor loss point varies strongly across species within an Amazonian forest |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Functional Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Functional Ecology |
|
| |
Volume |
29 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
1268-1277 |
|
| |
Keywords |
Climate change; French Guiana; Functional traits; Plant-water relations; Tropical trees; Wilting |
|
| |
Abstract |
Amazonian droughts are predicted to become increasingly frequent and intense, and the vulnerability of Amazonian trees has become increasingly documented. However, little is known about the physiological mechanisms and the diversity of drought tolerance of tropical trees due to the lack of quantitative measurements. Leaf water potential at wilting or turgor loss point (π<inf>tlp</inf>) is a determinant of the tolerance of leaves to drought stress and contributes to plant-level physiological drought tolerance. Recently, it has been demonstrated that leaf osmotic water potential at full hydration (π<inf>o</inf>) is tightly correlated with π<inf>tlp</inf>. Estimating π<inf>tlp</inf> from osmometer measurements of π<inf>o</inf> is much faster than the standard pressure-volume curve approach of π<inf>tlp</inf> determination. We used this technique to estimate π<inf>tlp</inf> for 165 trees of 71 species, at three sites within forests in French Guiana. Our data set represents a significant increase in available data for this trait for tropical tree species. Tropical trees showed a wider range of drought tolerance than previously found in the literature, π<inf>tlp</inf> ranging from -1·4 to -3·2 MPa. This range likely corresponds in part to adaptation and acclimation to occasionally extreme droughts during the dry season. Leaf-level drought tolerance varied across species, in agreement with the available published observations of species variation in drought-induced mortality. On average, species with a more negative π<inf>tlp</inf> (i.e. with greater leaf-level drought tolerance) occurred less frequently across the region than drought-sensitive species. Across individuals, π<inf>tlp</inf> correlated positively but weakly with leaf toughness (R2 = 0·22, P = 0·04) and leaf thickness (R2 = 0·03, P = 0·03). No correlation was detected with other functional traits (leaf mass per area, leaf area, nitrogen or carbon concentrations, carbon isotope ratio, sapwood density or bark thickness). The variability in π<inf>tlp</inf> among species indicates a potential for highly diverse species responses to drought within given forest communities. Given the weak correlations between π<inf>tlp</inf> and traditionally measured plant functional traits, vegetation models seeking to predict forest response to drought should integrate improved quantification of comparative drought tolerance among tree species. © 2015 British Ecological Society. |
|
| |
Address |
CNRM-GAME – URA1357, 42 avenue G. Coriolis, Toulouse, France |
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
Cited By :1; Export Date: 12 October 2015 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
629 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Paine, C.E.T.; Baraloto, C.; Díaz, S. |
|
| |
Title |
Optimal strategies for sampling functional traits in species-rich forests |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Functional Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Functional Ecology |
|
| |
Volume |
29 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
1325-1331 |
|
| |
Keywords |
French Guiana; Functional traits; Plant traits; Sampling design; Specific leaf area; Tropical forest; Wood density |
|
| |
Abstract |
Functional traits provide insight into a variety of ecological questions, yet the optimal sampling method to estimate the community-level distribution of plant functional trait values remains a subject of debate, especially in species-rich forests. We present a simulation analysis of the trait distribution of a set of nine completely sampled permanent plots in the lowland rain forests of French Guiana. Increased sampling intensity consistently improved accuracy in estimating community-weighted means and variances of functional trait values, whereas there was substantial variation among functional traits and minor differences among sampling strategies. Thus, investment in intensified sampling yields a greater improvement in the accuracy of estimation than does an equivalent investment in sampling design complication. Notably, 'taxon-free' strategies frequently had greater accuracy than did abundance-based strategies, which had the additional cost of requiring botanical surveys. We conclude that there is no substitute for extensive field sampling to accurately characterize the distribution of functional trait values in species-rich forests. © 2015 British Ecological Society. |
|
| |
Address |
Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV-CONICET), Departamento de Diversidad Biológica y Ecología, FCEFyN, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, CC 495, Córdoba, Argentina |
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
Export Date: 12 October 2015 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
630 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Malé, P.-J.G.; Leroy, C.; Humblot, P.; Dejean, A.; Quilichini, A.; Orivel, J. |
|
| |
Title |
Limited gene dispersal and spatial genetic structure as stabilizing factors in an ant-plant mutualism |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Journal of Evolutionary Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Evol. Biol. |
|
| |
Volume |
29 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
2519-2529 |
|
| |
Keywords |
gene flow; local adaptation; metapopulation; myrmecophyte; population genetics |
|
| |
Abstract |
Comparative studies of the population genetics of closely associated species are necessary to properly understand the evolution of these relationships because gene flow between populations affects the partners' evolutionary potential at the local scale. As a consequence (at least for antagonistic interactions), asymmetries in the strength of the genetic structures of the partner populations can result in one partner having a co-evolutionary advantage. Here, we assess the population genetic structure of partners engaged in a species-specific and obligatory mutualism: the Neotropical ant-plant, Hirtella physophora, and its ant associate, Allomerus decemarticulatus. Although the ant cannot complete its life cycle elsewhere than on H. physophora and the plant cannot live for long without the protection provided by A. decemarticulatus, these species also have antagonistic interactions: the ants have been shown to benefit from castrating their host plant and the plant is able to retaliate against too virulent ant colonies. We found similar short dispersal distances for both partners, resulting in the local transmission of the association and, thus, inbred populations in which too virulent castrating ants face the risk of local extinction due to the absence of H. physophora offspring. On the other hand, we show that the plant populations probably experienced greater gene flow than did the ant populations, thus enhancing the evolutionary potential of the plants. We conclude that such levels of spatial structure in the partners' populations can increase the stability of the mutualistic relationship. Indeed, the local transmission of the association enables partial alignments of the partners' interests, and population connectivity allows the plant retaliation mechanisms to be locally adapted to the castration behaviour of their symbionts. |
|
| |
Address |
|
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
1420-9101 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
710 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Birer, C.; Moreau, C.S.; Tysklind, N.; Zinger, L.; Duplais, C. |
|
| |
Title |
Disentangling the assembly mechanisms of ant cuticular bacterial communities of two Amazonian ant species sharing a common arboreal nest |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Molecular Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Mol. Ecol. |
|
| |
Volume |
29 |
Issue |
7 |
Pages |
1372-1385 |
|
| |
Keywords |
ant gardens; bacterial communities; cuticular microbiome; insect cuticle; metabarcoding |
|
| |
Abstract |
Bacteria living on the cuticle of ants are generally studied for their protective role against pathogens, especially in the clade of fungus-growing ants. However, little is known regarding the diversity of cuticular bacteria in other ant host species, as well as the mechanisms leading to the composition of these communities. Here, we used 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing to study the influence of host species, species interactions and the pool of bacteria from the environment on the assembly of cuticular bacterial communities on two phylogenetically distant Amazonian ant species that frequently nest together inside the roots system of epiphytic plants, Camponotus femoratus and Crematogaster levior. Our results show that (a) the vast majority of the bacterial community on the cuticle is shared with the nest, suggesting that most bacteria on the cuticle are acquired through environmental acquisition, (b) 5.2% and 2.0% of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) are respectively specific to Ca. femoratus and Cr. levior, probably representing their respective core cuticular bacterial community, and (c) 3.6% of OTUs are shared between the two ant species. Additionally, mass spectrometry metabolomics analysis of metabolites on the cuticle of ants, which excludes the detection of cuticular hydrocarbons produced by the host, were conducted to evaluate correlations among bacterial OTUs and m/z ion mass. Although some positive and negative correlations are found, the cuticular chemical composition was weakly species-specific, suggesting that cuticular bacterial communities are prominently environmentally acquired. Overall, our results suggest the environment is the dominant source of bacteria found on the cuticle of ants. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd |
|
| |
Address |
Institut de Biologie de l’Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Université Paris, Paris, France |
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
Blackwell Publishing Ltd |
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
09621083 (Issn) |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
975 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Marino, N.A.C.; Céréghino, R.; Gilbert, B.; Petermann, J.S.; Srivastava, D.S.; de Omena, P.M.; Bautista, F.O.; Guzman, L.M.; Romero, G.Q.; Trzcinski, M.K.; Barberis, I.M.; Corbara, B.; Debastiani, V.J.; Dézerald, O.; Kratina, P.; Leroy, C.; MacDonald, A.A.M.; Montero, G.; Pillar, V.D.; Richardson, B.A.; Richardson, M.J.; Talaga, S.; Gonçalves, A.Z.; Piccoli, G.C.O.; Jocqué, M.; Farjalla, V.F. |
|
| |
Title |
Species niches, not traits, determine abundance and occupancy patterns: A multi-site synthesis |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Global Ecology and Biogeography |
Abbreviated Journal |
Global Ecol. Biogeogr. |
|
| |
Volume |
29 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
295-308 |
|
| |
Keywords |
abundance; environmental niche; functional distinctiveness; functional traits; metacommunity; niche breadth; niche position; occupancy; abundance; biodiversity; functional group; geographical distribution; invertebrate; Neotropical Region; niche breadth; Invertebrata |
|
| |
Abstract |
Aim: Locally abundant species are usually widespread, and this pattern has been related to properties of the niches and traits of species. However, such explanations fail to account for the potential of traits to determine species niches and often overlook statistical artefacts. Here, we examine how trait distinctiveness determines the abilities of species to exploit either common habitats (niche position) or a range of habitats (niche breadth) and how niche position and breadth, in turn, affect abundance and occupancy. We also examine how statistical artefacts moderate these relationships. Location: Sixteen sites in the Neotropics. Time period: 1993–2014. Major taxa studied: Aquatic invertebrates from tank bromeliads. Methods: We measured the environmental niche position and breadth of each species and calculated its trait distinctiveness as the average trait difference from all other species at each site. Then, we used a combination of structural equation models and a meta-analytical approach to test trait–niche relationships and a null model to control for statistical artefacts. Results: The trait distinctiveness of each species was unrelated to its niche properties, abundance and occupancy. In contrast, niche position was the main predictor of abundance and occupancy; species that used the most common environmental conditions found across bromeliads were locally abundant and widespread. Contributions of niche breadth to such patterns were attributable to statistical artefacts, indicating that effects of niche breadth might have been overestimated in previous studies. Main conclusions: Our study reveals the generality of niche position in explaining one of the most common ecological patterns. The robustness of this result is underscored by the geographical extent of our study and our control of statistical artefacts. We call for a similar examination across other systems, which is an essential task to understand the drivers of commonness across the tree of life. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons Ltd |
|
| |
Address |
Aquatic and Terrestrial Ecology, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium |
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
Blackwell Publishing Ltd |
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
1466822x (Issn) |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
991 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Parelle, J.; Zapater, M.; Scotti-Saintagne, C.; Kremer, A.; Jolivet, Y.; Dreyer, E.; Brendel, O. |
|
| |
Title |
Quantitative trait loci of tolerance to waterlogging in a European oak (Quercus robur L.): physiological relevance and temporal effect patterns |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Plant Cell and Environment |
Abbreviated Journal |
Plant Cell Environ. |
|
| |
Volume |
30 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
422-434 |
|
| |
Keywords |
allelic substitution effect; correlation clustering; epinasty; hypertrophied lenticel; multi-environment model; root hypoxia |
|
| |
Abstract |
Quercus robur L. is a mid-European broadleaved tree species that grows readily on temporary waterlogged soils. An experiment aiming to identify potential markers of tolerance to waterlogging in this species and to assess the degree of genetic control over the corresponding traits was conducted. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) were assessed in an F-1 progeny for responses to waterlogging, and the relevance of the observed traits as markers of tolerance was investigated using a precise description of the time course of their expression. Five significant QTL involved in the response to waterlogging were identified. In particular, QTL were detected for the development of hypertrophied lenticels and for the degree of leaf epinasty, but not for the formation of adventitious roots. A multi-environment QTL model allowed a detailed description of the time course (7 weeks) of the allelic substitution effect of some of these QTL. Correlation clustering identified significant clusters of QTL, at inter-trait as well as at intra-trait level. These clusters suggest the occurrence of a genetically controlled response cascade to waterlogging. |
|
| |
Address |
UHP, UMR 1137, Ctr INRA Nancy, F-54280 Champenoux, France, Email: brendel@nancy.inra.fr |
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
BLACKWELL PUBLISHING |
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
0140-7791 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
ISI:000244419700005 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
219 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Sist, P.; Fimbel, R.; Sheil, D.; Nasi, R.; Chevallier, M.H. |
|
| |
Title |
Towards sustainable management of mixed dipterocarp forests of South-east Asia: moving beyond minimum diameter cutting limits |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2003 |
Publication |
Environmental Conservation |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
|
| |
Volume |
30 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
364-374 |
|
| |
Keywords |
|
|
| |
Abstract |
Selective logging applied in tropical forests is based on one universal criterion: a minimum diameter cutting limit for all commercial timber species. Minimum diameter cutting limits in mixed dipterocarp forests of the Malesia region lead to high felling intensities (10-20+ trees ha(-1)). Such extraction rates create massive stand damage (> 50% of the remaining tree population), which has a negative impact on the regeneration and growth of many harvested dipterocarp, species. As such, the minimum diameter cutting limit approach is seldom compatible with sustainable forest management. Where basic ecological characteristics of the commercial species are considered in timber harvesting prescriptions, mixed dipterocarp, forests appear capable of sustained timber yields, habitat conservation, and providing other goods and services. This paper first presents the main silvicultural systems developed in mixed dipterocarp, forests of Western Malesia and then reviews current knowledge of dipterocarp, biology to finally develop guidelines aimed at improving the ecological sustainability of production forests of Western Malesia. These guidelines, a pragmatic reflection of science and 'best guess' judgement, include: (1) integration of reduced-impact logging practices into normal management operations; (2) cutting of eight trees ha(-1) or less (with a felling cycle of 40-60 years to be determined according to local conditions); (3) defining minimum diameter cutting limits according to the structure, density and diameter at reproduction of target species; (4) avoiding harvesting species with less than one adult tree ha(-1) (diameter at breast height [dbh] greater than or equal to 50 cm over an area of 50-100 ha); (5) minimizing the size and connectivity of gaps (< 600 m(2) whenever possible); (6) refraining from treatments such as understorey clearing; and (7) providing explicit protection for key forest species and the ecological processes they perform. Further refinement is encouraged to allow for local conditions, and for other forest types. |
|
| |
Address |
|
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
0376-8929 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
WOS:000188812100007 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
309 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Feldpausch, T.R.; Phillips, O.L.; Brienen, R.J.W.; Gloor, E.; Lloyd, J.; Lopez-Gonzalez, G.; Monteagudo-Mendoza, A.; Malhi, Y.; Alarcón, A.; Álvarez Dávila, E.; Alvarez-Loayza, P.; Andrade, A.; Aragao, L.E.O.C.; Arroyo, L.; Aymard C., G.A.; Baker, T.R.; Baraloto, C.; Barroso, J.; Bonal, D.; Castro, W.; Chama, V.; Chave, J.; Domingues, T.F.; Fauset, S.; Groot, N.; Honorio Coronado, E.; Laurance, S.; Laurance, W.F.; Lewis, S.L.; Licona, J.C.; Marimon, B.S.; Marimon-Junior, B.H.; Mendoza Bautista, C.; Neill, D.A.; Oliveira, E.A.; Oliveira dos Santos, C.; Pallqui Camacho, N.C.; Pardo-Molina, G.; Prieto, A.; Quesada, C.A.; Ramírez, F.; Ramírez-Angulo, H.; Réjou-Méchain, M.; Rudas, A.; Saiz, G.; Salomão, R.P.; Silva-Espejo, J.E.; Silveira, M.; ter Steege, H.; Stropp, J.; Terborgh, J.; Thomas-Caesar, R.; van der Heijden, G.M.F.; Vásquez Martinez, R.; Vilanova, E.; Vos, V.A. |
|
| |
Title |
Amazon forest response to repeated droughts |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Global Biogeochemical Cycles |
Abbreviated Journal |
Global Biogeochemical Cycles |
|
| |
Volume |
30 |
Issue |
7 |
Pages |
964-982 |
|
| |
Keywords |
carbon; forest productivity; precipitation; tree mortality; vegetation dynamics; water deficit |
|
| |
Abstract |
The Amazon Basin has experienced more variable climate over the last decade, with a severe and widespread drought in 2005 causing large basin-wide losses of biomass. A drought of similar climatological magnitude occurred again in 2010; however, there has been no basin-wide ground-based evaluation of effects on vegetation. We examine to what extent the 2010 drought affected forest dynamics using ground-based observations of mortality and growth from an extensive forest plot network. We find that during the 2010 drought interval, forests did not gain biomass (net change: −0.43 Mg ha−1, confidence interval (CI): −1.11, 0.19, n = 97), regardless of whether forests experienced precipitation deficit anomalies. This contrasted with a long-term biomass sink during the baseline pre-2010 drought period (1998 to pre-2010) of 1.33 Mg ha−1 yr−1 (CI: 0.90, 1.74, p < 0.01). The resulting net impact of the 2010 drought (i.e., reversal of the baseline net sink) was −1.95 Mg ha−1 yr−1 (CI:−2.77, −1.18; p < 0.001). This net biomass impact was driven by an increase in biomass mortality (1.45 Mg ha−1 yr−1 CI: 0.66, 2.25, p < 0.001) and a decline in biomass productivity (−0.50 Mg ha−1 yr−1, CI:−0.78, −0.31; p < 0.001). Surprisingly, the magnitude of the losses through tree mortality was unrelated to estimated local precipitation anomalies and was independent of estimated local pre-2010 drought history. Thus, there was no evidence that pre-2010 droughts compounded the effects of the 2010 drought. We detected a systematic basin-wide impact of the 2010 drought on tree growth rates across Amazonia, which was related to the strength of the moisture deficit. This impact differed from the drought event in 2005 which did not affect productivity. Based on these ground data, live biomass in trees and corresponding estimates of live biomass in lianas and roots, we estimate that intact forests in Amazonia were carbon neutral in 2010 (−0.07 Pg C yr−1 CI:−0.42, 0.23), consistent with results from an independent analysis of airborne estimates of land-atmospheric fluxes during 2010. Relative to the long-term mean, the 2010 drought resulted in a reduction in biomass carbon uptake of 1.1 Pg C, compared to 1.6 Pg C for the 2005 event. ©2016. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. |
|
| |
Address |
Centro de Investigación y Promoción del Campesinado Norte Amazónico, Riberalta, Bolivia |
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
Export Date: 1 September 2016 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
690 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
