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Wagner, F.; Rossi, V.; Aubry-Kientz, M.; Bonal, D.; Dalitz, H.; Gliniars, R.; Stahl, C.; Trabucco, A.; Herault, B. |
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Pan-tropical analysis of climate effects on seasonal tree growth |
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Journal Article |
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2014 |
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PLoS ONE |
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PLoS ONE |
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9 |
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3 |
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e92337 |
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Climate models predict a range of changes in tropical forest regions, including increased average temperatures, decreased total precipitation, reduced soil moisture and alterations in seasonal climate variations. These changes are directly related to the increase in anthropogenic greenhouse gas concentrations, primarily CO2. Assessing seasonal forest growth responses to climate is of utmost importance because woody tissues, produced by photosynthesis from atmospheric CO2, water and light, constitute the main component of carbon sequestration in the forest ecosystem. In this paper, we combine intra-annual tree growth measurements from published tree growth data and the corresponding monthly climate data for 25 pan-tropical forest sites. This meta-analysis is designed to find the shared climate drivers of tree growth and their relative importance across pan-tropical forests in order to improve carbon uptake models in a global change context. Tree growth reveals significant intra-annual seasonality at seasonally dry sites or in wet tropical forests. Of the overall variation in tree growth, 28.7% was explained by the site effect, i.e. the tree growth average per site. The best predictive model included four climate variables: precipitation, solar radiation (estimated with extrasolar radiation reaching the atmosphere), temperature amplitude and relative soil water content. This model explained more than 50% of the tree growth variations across tropical forests. Precipitation and solar radiation are the main seasonal drivers of tree growth, causing 19.8% and 16.3% of the tree growth variations. Both have a significant positive association with tree growth. These findings suggest that forest productivity due to tropical tree growth will be reduced in the future if climate extremes, such as droughts, become more frequent. © 2014 Wagner et al. |
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Division of Forest, Nature, and Landscape, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium |
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Export Date: 30 May 2014; Source: Scopus; Art. No.: e92337; Coden: Polnc; Language of Original Document: English |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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543 |
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Flores, O.; Herault, B.; Delcamp, M.; Garnier, É.; Gourlet-Fleury, S. |
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Functional traits help predict post-disturbance demography of tropical trees |
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2014 |
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PLoS ONE |
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PLoS ONE |
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9 |
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9 |
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e105022 |
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How tropical tree species respond to disturbance is a central issue of forest ecology, conservation and resource management. We define a hierarchical model to investigate how functional traits measured in control plots relate to the population change rate and to demographic rates for recruitment and mortality after disturbance by logging operations. Population change and demographic rates were quantified on a 12-year period after disturbance and related to seven functional traits measured in control plots. The model was calibrated using a Bayesian Network approach on 53 species surveyed in permanent forest plots (37.5 ha) at Paracou in French Guiana. The network analysis allowed us to highlight both direct and indirect relationships among predictive variables. Overall, 89% of interspecific variability in the population change rate after disturbance were explained by the two demographic rates, the recruitment rate being the most explicative variable. Three direct drivers explained 45% of the variability in recruitment rates, including leaf phosphorus concentration, with a positive effect, and seed size and wood density with negative effects. Mortality rates were explained by interspecific variability in maximum diameter only (25%). Wood density, leaf nitrogen concentration, maximum diameter and seed size were not explained by variables in the analysis and thus appear as independent drivers of post-disturbance demography. Relationships between functional traits and demographic parameters were consistent with results found in undisturbed forests. Functional traits measured in control conditions can thus help predict the fate of tropical tree species after disturbance. Indirect relationships also suggest how different processes interact to mediate species demographic response. |
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Centre d'Écologie Fonctionnelle et Évolutive, CNRS – UMR 5175Montpellier, France |
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Export Date: 7 October 2014; Coden: Polnc; Correspondence Address: Flores, O.; Cirad – Université de la Réunion, UMR PVBMT, 7 chemin de l'IRAT, France |
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Hénaut, Y.; Corbara, B.; Pélozuelo, L.; Azémar, F.; Céréghino, R.; Herault, B.; Dejean, A. |
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A tank bromeliad favors spider presence in a neotropical inundated forest |
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2014 |
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PLoS ONE |
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PLoS ONE |
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9 |
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12 |
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e114592 |
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Tank bromeliads are good models for understanding how climate change may affect biotic associations. We studied the relationships between spiders, the epiphytic tank bromeliad, Aechmea bracteata, and its associated ants in an inundated forest in Quintana Roo, Mexico, during a drought period while, exceptionally, this forest was dry and then during the flooding that followed. We compared spider abundance and diversity between “Aechmea-areas” and “control areas” of the same surface area. We recorded six spider families: the Dipluridae, Ctenidae, Salticidae, Araneidae, Tetragnathidae and Linyphiidae among which the funnel-web tarantula, Ischnothele caudata, the only Dipluridae noted, was the most abundant. During the drought period, the spiders were more numerous in the Aechmea areas than in the control areas, but they were not obligatorily associated with the Aechmea.
During the subsequent flooding, the spiders were concentrated in the A. bracteata patches, particularly those sheltering an ant colony. Also, a kind of specificity existed between certain spider taxa and ant species, but varied between the drought period and subsequent flooding. We conclude that climatic events modulate the relationship between A. bracteata patches and their associated fauna. Tank bromeliads, previously considered only for their ecological importance in supplying food and water during drought, may also be considered refuges for spiders during flooding. More generally, tank bromeliads have an important role in preserving non-specialized fauna in inundated forests. |
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Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane, Campus AgronomiqueKourou, France |
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Export Date: 23 December 2014 |
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573 |
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Cantera, I.; Cilleros, K.; Valentini, A.; Cerdan, A.; Dejean, T.; Iribar, A.; Taberlet, P.; Vigouroux, R.; Brosse, S. |
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Optimizing environmental DNA sampling effort for fish inventories in tropical streams and rivers |
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2019 |
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Scientific Reports |
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Sci. Rep. |
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9 |
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3085 |
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Environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding is a promising tool to estimate aquatic biodiversity. It is based on the capture of DNA from a water sample. The sampled water volume, a crucial aspect for efficient species detection, has been empirically variable (ranging from few centiliters to tens of liters). This results in a high variability of sampling effort across studies, making comparisons difficult and raising uncertainties about the completeness of eDNA inventories. Our aim was to determine the sampling effort (filtered water volume) needed to get optimal inventories of fish assemblages in species-rich tropical streams and rivers using eDNA. Ten DNA replicates were collected in six Guianese sites (3 streams and 3 rivers), resulting in sampling efforts ranging from 17 to 340 liters of water. We show that sampling 34 liters of water detected more than 64% of the expected fish fauna and permitted to distinguish the fauna between sites and between ecosystem types (stream versus rivers). Above 68 liters, the number of detected species per site increased slightly, with a detection rate higher than 71%. Increasing sampling effort up to 340 liters provided little additional information, testifying that filtering 34 to 68 liters is sufficient to inventory most of the fauna in highly diverse tropical aquatic ecosystems. © 2019, The Author(s). |
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HYDRECO, Laboratoire Environnement de Petit Saut, B.P 823, Kourou Cedex, F-97388, French Guiana |
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Nature Publishing Group |
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20452322 (Issn) |
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Malé, P.-J.G.; Leroy, C.; Lusignan, L.; Petitclerc, F.; Quilichini, A.; Orivel, J. |
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The reproductive biology of the myrmecophyte, Hirtella physophora, and the limitation of negative interactions between pollinators and ants |
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2015 |
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Arthropod-Plant Interactions |
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Arthropod-Plant Interactions |
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9 |
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1 |
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23-31 |
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Ant-plant; Ant–pollinator interactions; Floral structure and display; Plant reproductive biology; Spatial and temporal segregation |
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Myrmecophytism occurs in plants that offer ants a nesting space and, often, food rewards in exchange for protection from predators and competitors. Such biotic protection by ants can, however, interfere with the activity of pollinators leading to potential negative consequences for the plant’s reproduction. In this study, we focused on the association between the understory myrmecophyte, Hirtella physophora (Chrysobalanaceae), and its obligate ant partner, Allomerus decemarticulatus (Myrmicinae). We investigated the reproductive biology of H. physophora and the putative mechanisms that may limit ant–pollinator conflict. Our results show that H. physophora is an obligate outcrosser, self-incompatible, and potentially insect-pollinated species. The reproduction of H. physophora relies entirely on pollen transfer by pollinators that are likely quite specific. Potential interference between flower-visiting insects during pollination may also be lessened by a spatial and temporal segregation of ant and pollinator activities, thus enabling pollen transfer and fruit production. © 2014, Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht. |
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IRD, UMR AMAP (botAnique et bioinforMatique de l’Architecture des Plantes), Boulevard de la Lironde, TA A-51/PS2Montpellier Cedex 5, France |
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Export Date: 9 April 2015 |
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593 |
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Moore, A.L.; McCarthy, M.A.; Parris, K.M.; Moore, J.L. |
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The optimal number of surveys when detectability varies |
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2014 |
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PLoS ONE |
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PLoS ONE |
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9 |
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12 |
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e115345 |
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The survey of plant and animal populations is central to undertaking field ecology. However, detection is imperfect, so the absence of a species cannot be determined with certainty. Methods developed to account for imperfect detectability during surveys do not yet account for stochastic variation in detectability over time or space. When each survey entails a fixed cost that is not spent searching (e.g., time required to travel to the site), stochastic detection rates result in a trade-off between the number of surveys and the length of each survey when surveying a single site. We present a model that addresses this trade-off and use it to determine the number of surveys that: 1) maximizes the expected probability of detection over the entire survey period; and 2) is most likely to achieve a minimally-acceptable probability of detection. We illustrate the applicability of our approach using three practical examples (minimum survey effort protocols, number of frog surveys per season, and number of quadrats per site to detect a plant species) and test our model's predictions using data from experimental plant surveys. We find that when maximizing the expected probability of detection, the optimal survey design is most sensitive to the coefficient of variation in the rate of detection and the ratio of the search budget to the travel cost. When maximizing the likelihood of achieving a particular probability of detection, the optimal survey design is most sensitive to the required probability of detection, the expected number of detections if the budget were spent only on searching, and the expected number of detections that are missed due to travel costs. We find that accounting for stochasticity in detection rates is likely to be particularly important for designing surveys when detection rates are low. Our model provides a framework to do this. © 2014 Moore et al. |
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School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia |
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Export Date: 8 September 2015 |
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Leroy, C.; Carrias, J.-F.; Céréghino, R.; Corbara, B. |
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The contribution of microorganisms and metazoans to mineral nutrition in bromeliads |
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2016 |
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Journal of Plant Ecology |
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Journal of Plant Ecology |
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9 |
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3 |
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241-255 |
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digestive mutualism; insect-assisted nutrients; leaf δ15N; multiple N sources; myrmecotrophy |
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Aims One critical challenge for plants is to maintain an adequate nutrient supply under fluctuating environmental conditions. This is particularly true for epiphytic species that have limited or no access to the pedosphere and often live in harsh climates. Bromeliads have evolved key innovations such as epiphytism, water-absorbing leaf trichomes, tank habit and Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) photosynthesis that enable them to survive under various environmental conditions. Bromeliads encompass diverse ecological types that live on different substrates (they can be terrestrial, epilithic or epiphytic) and vary in their ability to retain water (they can be tank-forming or tankless) and photosynthetic pathway (i.e. C3 or CAM). In this review, we outline the nutritional modes and specializations that enable bromeliads to thrive in a wide range of nutrient-poor (mostly nitrogen-depleted) environments. Important Findings Bromeliads have evolved a great diversity of morphologies and functional adaptations leading to the existence of numerous nutritional modes. Focusing on species that have absorptive foliar trichomes, we review evidence that bromeliads have evolved multi-faceted nutritional strategies to respond to fluctuations in the supply of natural nitrogen (N). These plants have developed mutualistic associations with many different and functionally diverse terrestrial and aquatic microorganisms and metazoans that contribute substantially to their mineral nutrition and, thus, their fitness and survival. Bacterial and fungal microbiota-assisted N provisioning, protocarnivory, digestive mutualisms and myrmecotrophic pathways are the main strategies used by bromeliads to acquire nitrogen. The combination of different nutritional pathways in bromeliads represents an important adaptation enabling them to exploit nutrient-poor habitats. Nonetheless, as has been shown for several other vascular plants, multiple partners are involved in nutrient acquisition indicating that there have been convergent adaptations to nutrient scarcity. Finally, we point out some gaps in the current knowledge of bromeliad nutrition that offer fascinating research opportunities. © The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Botanical Society of China. |
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CNRS, EcoLab, 118 Route de Narbonne, Toulouse, France |
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Export Date: 28 June 2016 |
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Lamarre, G.P.A.; Decaëns, T.; Rougerie, R.; Barbut, J.; Dewaard, J.R.; Hebert, P.D.N.; Herbin, D.; Laguerre, M.; Thiaucourt, P.; Bonifacio Martins, M. |
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An integrative taxonomy approach unveils unknown and threatened moth species in Amazonian rainforest fragments |
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2016 |
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Insect Conservation and Diversity |
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Insect Conserv Divers |
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9 |
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5 |
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475-479 |
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Amazonian forest; Belém center of endemism; centinelan extinction; conservation; DNA barcoding; Lepidoptera; species discovery |
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This study focuses on the importance in hyperdiverse regions, such as the Amazonian forest, of accelerating and optimising the census of invertebrate communities.
We carried out low-intensity sampling of tropical moth (Lepidoptera) assemblages in disturbed forest fragments in Brazil.
We combined DNA barcoding and taxonomists’ expertise to produce fast and accurate surveys of local diversity, including the recognition and census of undescribed and endemic species.
Integrating expert knowledge of species distributions, we show that despite limited sampling effort, our approach revealed an unexpectedly high number of new and endemic species in severely threatened tropical forest fragments.
These results highlight the risk of silent centinelan extinctions and emphasise the urgent need for accelerated invertebrate surveys in high-endemism and human-impacted tropical forests. |
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Lebrini, M.; Suedile, F.;Roos, C. |
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Corrosion inhibitory action of ethanol extract from Bagassa guianensis on the corrosion of zinc in ASTM medium |
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2018 |
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Journal of Materials and Environmental Sciences |
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Journal of Materials and Environmental Sciences |
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414-423 |
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Ethanol extract of Bagassa guianensis was tested as corrosion inhibitor for zinc in ASTM medium using polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results obtained show that this plant extract could serve as an effective inhibitor for the corrosion of zinc in sodium chloride media. The extract obtained give inhibition around 85%. Polarization curves show that Bagassa guianensis extract affects the anodic and cathodic reactions and the corrosion potential values were shifted to the positive potentials in the presence of the crude extract in the ASTM medium. The experimental data obtained from EIS method show a frequency distribution and therefore a modelling element with frequency dispersion behavior, a constant phase element (CPE alpha,Q ) has been used. Graphical methods are illustrated by synthetic data to determine the parameter of CPE (alpha, Q). Studies on the phytochemical constituents of thetotal extract were also established. Electrochemical studies, on the chemical families present in the crude extract, were also carried out to find the main constituents responsible for corrosion inhibition properties of the plant extract. |
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Clair, B.; Déjardin, A.; Pilate, G.; Alméras, T. |
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Is the G-layer a tertiary cell wall? |
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2018 |
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Frontiers in Plant Science |
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9 |
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623 |
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Flax; G-layer; Gelatinous layer; Maturation stress; Secondary cell wall; Tension wood; Tertiary cell wall |
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LMGC, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France |
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