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Clair, B.; Almeras, T.; Sugiyama, J. |
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Compression stress in opposite wood of angiosperms: observations in chestnut, mani and poplar |
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Journal Article |
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2006 |
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Annals of Forest Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ann. For. Sci. |
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63 |
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5 |
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507-510 |
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reaction wood; compression wood; tension wood; opposite wood; plant biomechanics; growth stresses; microfibrils angle |
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In order to face environmental constraints, trees are able to re-orient their axes by controlling the stress level in the newly formed wood layers. Angiosperms and gymnosperms evolved into two distinct mechanisms: the former produce a wood with large tension pre-stress on the upper side of the tilted axis, while the latter produce a wood with large compression pre-stress on the lower side. In both cases, the difference between this stress level and that of the opposite side, in light tension, generates the bending of the axis. However, light values of compression were sometimes measured in the opposite side of angiosperms. By analysing old data on chestnut and mani and new data on poplar, this study shows that these values were not measurement artefacts. This reveals that generating light compression stress in opposite wood contributes to improve the performance of the re-orientation mechanism. |
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Kyoto Univ, Res Inst Sustainable Humanosphere, Lab Biomass Morphogenesis & Informat, Uji, Kyoto 6110011, Japan, Email: clair@lmgc.univ-montp2.fr |
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EDP SCIENCES S A |
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1286-4560 |
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ISI:000240514800008 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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223 |
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Lefèvre, F.; Boivin, T.; Bontemps, A.; Courbet, F.; Davi, H.; Durand-Gillmann, M.; Fady, B.; Gauzere, J.; Gidoin, C.; Karam, M.-J.; Pichot, C.; Oddou-Muratorio, S.; Pichot, C. |
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Title |
Considering evolutionary processes in adaptive forestry |
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Journal Article |
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2013 |
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Annals of Forest Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ann For Sci |
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71 |
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7 |
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723-739 |
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Adaptation; Climate change; Evolution-oriented forest management; Genetic resources; Silviculture |
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Context: Managing forests under climate change requires adaptation. The adaptive capacity of forest tree populations is huge but not limitless. Integrating evolutionary considerations into adaptive forestry practice will enhance the capacity of managed forests to respond to climate-driven changes.
Aims: Focusing on natural regeneration systems, we propose a general framework that can be used in various and complex local situations by forest managers, in combination with their own expertise, to integrate evolutionary considerations into decision making for the emergence of an evolution-oriented forestry.
Methods: We develop a simple process-based analytical grid, using few processes and parameters, to analyse the impact of forestry practice on the evolution and evolvability of tree populations.
Results: We review qualitative and, whenever possible, quantitative expectations on the intensity of evolutionary drivers in forest trees. Then, we review the effects of actual and potential forestry practice on the evolutionary processes. We illustrate the complexity of interactions in two study cases: the evolutionary consequences for forest trees of biotic interactions and of highly heterogeneous environment.
Conclusion: Evolution-oriented forestry may contribute adapting forests to climate change. It requires combining short-term and long-term objectives. We propose future lines of research and experimentation. |
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INRA, UR629 Ecologie des Forêts Méditerranéennes, URFM, Domaine Saint Paul, Site AgroparcAvignon Cedex 9, France |
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Cited By :2; Export Date: 13 January 2015 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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580 |
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Orivel, J.; Corbara, B.; Dejean, A. |
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Constraints and adaptation in the arboreal life of ants |
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2010 |
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Biofutur |
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Biofutur |
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315 |
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34-37 |
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[Orivel, Jerome] CNRS, UMR Ecol Forets Guyane, Kourou 97379, French Guiana |
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ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER |
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0294-3506 |
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ISI:000284987300004 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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17 |
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Céréghino, R.; Pillar, V.D.; Srivastava, D.S.; de Omena, P.M.; MacDonald, A.A.M.; Barberis, I.M.; Corbara, B.; Guzman, L.M.; Leroy, C.; Ospina Bautista, F.; Romero, G.Q.; Trzcinski, M.K.; Kratina, P.; Debastiani, V.J.; Gonçalves, A.Z.; Marino, N.A.C.; Farjalla, V.F.; Richardson, B.A.; Richardson, M.J.; Dézerald, O.; Gilbert, B.; Petermann, J.; Talaga, S.; Piccoli, G.C.O.; Jocqué, M.; Montero, G. |
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Constraints on the functional trait space of aquatic invertebrates in bromeliads |
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Journal Article |
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2018 |
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Functional Ecology |
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32 |
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10 |
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2435-2447 |
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aquatic invertebrates; ecological strategies; functional diversity; functional trait space; niche hypervolume |
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Functional traits are commonly used in predictive models that link environmental drivers and community structure to ecosystem functioning. A prerequisite is to identify robust sets of continuous axes of trait variation, and to understand the ecological and evolutionary constraints that result in the functional trait space occupied by interacting species. Despite their diversity and role in ecosystem functioning, little is known of the constraints on the functional trait space of invertebrate biotas of entire biogeographic regions. We examined the ecological strategies and constraints underlying the realized trait space of aquatic invertebrates, using data on 12 functional traits of 852 taxa collected in tank bromeliads from Mexico to Argentina. Principal Component Analysis was used to reduce trait dimensionality to significant axes of trait variation, and the proportion of potential trait space that is actually occupied by all taxa was compared to null model expectations. Permutational Analyses of Variance were used to test whether trait combinations were clade-dependent. The major axes of trait variation represented life-history strategies optimizing resource use and antipredator adaptations. There was evidence for trophic, habitat, defence and life-history niche axes. Bromeliad invertebrates only occupied 16%–23% of the potential space within these dimensions, due to greater concentrations than predicted under uniform or normal distributions. Thus, despite high taxonomic diversity, invertebrates only utilized a small number of successful ecological strategies. Empty areas in trait space represented gaps between major phyla that arose from biological innovations, and trait combinations that are unviable in the bromeliad ecosystem. Only a few phylogenetically distant genera were neighbouring in trait space. Trait combinations aggregated taxa by family and then by order, suggesting that niche conservatism was a widespread mechanism in the diversification of ecological strategies. A plain language summary is available for this article. © 2018 The Authors. Functional Ecology © 2018 British Ecological Society |
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Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Zavalla, Argentina |
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Export Date: 22 October 2018 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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829 |
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Zalamea, P.C.; Munoz, F.; Stevenson, P.R.; Paine, C.E.T.; Sarmiento, C.; Sabatier, D.; Heuret, P. |
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Title |
Continental-scale patterns of Cecropia reproductive phenology: evidence from herbarium specimens |
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Journal Article |
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2011 |
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Proceedings Of The Royal Society B-Biological Sciences |
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Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. |
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278 |
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1717 |
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2437-2445 |
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climate seasonality; reproductive patterns; Fourier spectral and cospectral analyses; herbarium collections; Neotropics; pioneer plants |
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Plant phenology is concerned with the timing of recurring biological events. Though phenology has traditionally been studied using intensive surveys of a local flora, results from such surveys are difficult to generalize to broader spatial scales. In this study, contrastingly, we assembled a continental-scale dataset of herbarium specimens for the emblematic genus of Neotropical pioneer trees, Cecropia, and applied Fourier spectral and cospectral analyses to investigate the reproductive phenology of 35 species. We detected significant annual, sub-annual and continuous patterns, and discuss the variation in patterns within and among climatic regions. Although previous studies have suggested that pioneer species generally produce flowers continually throughout the year, we found that at least one third of Cecropia species are characterized by clear annual flowering behaviour. We further investigated the relationships between phenology and climate seasonality, showing strong associations between phenology and seasonal variations in precipitation and temperature. We also verified our results against field survey data gathered from the literature. Our findings indicate that herbarium material is a reliable resource for use in the investigation of large-scale patterns in plant phenology, offering a promising complement to local intensive field studies. |
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[Zalamea, PC; Sabatier, D] IRD, UMR AMAP, F-34000 Montpellier, France, Email: camilozalamea@gmail.com |
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Royal Soc |
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0962-8452 |
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WOS:000292592000005 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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328 |
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Stahl, C.; Fontaine, S.; Klumpp, K.; Picon-Cochard, C.; Grise, M.M.; Dezecache, C.; Ponchant, L.; Freycon, V.; Blanc, L.; Bonal, D.; Burban, B.; Soussana, J.-F.; Blanfort, V. |
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Continuous soil carbon storage of old permanent pastures in Amazonia |
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Journal Article |
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2017 |
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Global Change Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Glob Change Biol |
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23 |
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8 |
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3382-3392 |
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carbon storage; CN coupling; deep soil; mixed-grass pasture; native forest |
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Amazonian forests continuously accumulate carbon (C) in biomass and in soil, representing a carbon sink of 0.42–0.65 GtC yr−1. In recent decades, more than 15% of Amazonian forests have been converted into pastures, resulting in net C emissions (~200 tC ha−1) due to biomass burning and litter mineralization in the first years after deforestation. However, little is known about the capacity of tropical pastures to restore a C sink. Our study shows in French Amazonia that the C storage observed in native forest can be partly restored in old (≥24 year) tropical pastures managed with a low stocking rate (±1 LSU ha−1) and without the use of fire since their establishment. A unique combination of a large chronosequence study and eddy covariance measurements showed that pastures stored between −1.27 ± 0.37 and −5.31 ± 2.08 tC ha−1 yr−1 while the nearby native forest stored −3.31 ± 0.44 tC ha−1 yr−1. This carbon is mainly sequestered in the humus of deep soil layers (20–100 cm), whereas no C storage was observed in the 0- to 20-cm layer. C storage in C4 tropical pasture is associated with the installation and development of C3 species, which increase either the input of N to the ecosystem or the C:N ratio of soil organic matter. Efforts to curb deforestation remain an obvious priority to preserve forest C stocks and biodiversity. However, our results show that if sustainable management is applied in tropical pastures coming from deforestation (avoiding fires and overgrazing, using a grazing rotation plan and a mixture of C3 and C4 species), they can ensure a continuous C storage, thereby adding to the current C sink of Amazonian forests. |
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1365-2486 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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783 |
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Rutishauser, E.; Wagner, F.; Herault, B.; Nicolini, E.A.; Blanc, L. |
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Contrasting above-ground biomass balance in a Neotropical rain forest |
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Journal Article |
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2010 |
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Journal of Vegetation Science |
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J. Veg. Sci. |
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21 |
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4 |
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672-682 |
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Biomass balance; Biomass fluxes; Forest dynamics; Permanent plots; Tropical forests |
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Question What are the relative roles of tree growth, mortality and recruitment in variations of above-ground biomass in tropical forests? Location Paracou, French Guiana. Methods We quantified the contribution of growth, recruitment and mortality to total biomass of stands (trees DBH >= 10 cm) in six 6.25-ha permanent plots over 16 yr. Live biomass stocks and fluxes were computed for four separate size classes. Results All plots showed increasing biomass stocks over the study period, with an average value of +0.9 Mg ha-1 yr-1. Plots aggrading biomass were characterized by either minor biomass losses due to mortality or substantial increases in the biomass of large trees (DBH >= 60 cm). Conclusions Within the study period, the rarity of mortality events could not counter-balance the slow permanent increase in biomass, resulting in an apparent increase in biomass. Accounting for such rare events results in no net change in biomass balance. |
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[Rutishauser, Ervan; Nicolini, Eric-Andre] Cirad, UMR AMAP, Kourou 97379, French Guiana, Email: ervan.rutishauser@cirad.fr |
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WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC |
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1100-9233 |
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ISI:000279450200005 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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52 |
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Ziegler, C.; Dusenge, M.E.; Nyirambangutse, B.; Zibera, E.; Wallin, G.; Uddling, J. |
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Contrasting Dependencies of Photosynthetic Capacity on Leaf Nitrogen in Early- and Late-Successional Tropical Montane Tree Species |
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Journal Article |
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2020 |
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Frontiers in Plant Science |
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Front. Plant Sci. |
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11 |
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500479 |
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allocation; early successional; late successional; nitrogen; photosynthesis; tropical montane forests |
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Differences in photosynthetic capacity among tree species and tree functional types are currently assumed to be largely driven by variation in leaf nutrient content, particularly nitrogen (N). However, recent studies indicate that leaf N content is often a poor predictor of variation in photosynthetic capacity in tropical trees. In this study, we explored the relative importance of area-based total leaf N content (Ntot) and within-leaf N allocation to photosynthetic capacity versus light-harvesting in controlling the variation in photosynthetic capacity (i.e. Vcmax, Jmax) among mature trees of 12 species belonging to either early (ES) or late successional (LS) groups growing in a tropical montane rainforest in Rwanda, Central Africa. Photosynthetic capacity at a common leaf temperature of 25˚C (i.e. maximum rates of Rubisco carboxylation, Vcmax25 and of electron transport, Jmax25) was higher in ES than in LS species (+ 58% and 68% for Vcmax25 and Jmax25, respectively). While Ntot did not significantly differ between successional groups, the photosynthetic dependency on Ntot was markedly different. In ES species, Vcmax25 was strongly and positively related to Ntot but this was not the case in LS species. However, there was no significant trade-off between relative leaf N investments in compounds maximizing photosynthetic capacity versus compounds maximizing light harvesting. Both leaf dark respiration at 25˚C (+ 33%) and, more surprisingly, apparent photosynthetic quantum yield (+ 35%) was higher in ES than in LS species. Moreover, Rd25 was positively related to Ntot for both ES and LS species. Our results imply that efforts to quantify carbon fluxes of tropical montane rainforests would be improved if they considered contrasting within-leaf N allocation and photosynthetic Ntot dependencies between species with different successional strategies. © Copyright © 2020 Ziegler, Dusenge, Nyirambangutse, Zibera, Wallin and Uddling. |
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Department of Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada |
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Frontiers Media S.A. |
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1664462x (Issn) |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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953 |
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Llusia, Joan ; Asensio, Dolores ; Sardans, Jordi ; Filella, Iolanda ; Peguero, Guille ; Grau, Oriol ; Ogaya, Roma ; Gargallo-Garriga, Albert ; Verryckt, Lore T. ; Van Langenhove, Leandro ; Brechet, Laëtitia M. ; Courtois, Elodie A. ; Stahl, Clément ; Janssens, Ivan A. ; Penuelas, Josep |
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Contrasting nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization effects on soil terpene exchanges in a tropical forest |
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Journal Article |
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2021 |
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Science of the Total Environment |
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802 |
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149769 |
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Production, emission, and absorption of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) in ecosystem soils and associated impacts of nutrient availability are unclear; thus, predictions of effects of global change on source-sink dynamic under increased atmospheric N deposition and nutrition imbalances are limited. Here, we report the dynamics of soil BVOCs under field conditions from two undisturbed tropical rainforests from French Guiana. We analyzed effects of experimental soil applications of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and N + P on soil BVOC exchanges (in particular of total terpenes, monoterpenes, and sesquiterpenes), to determine source and sink dynamics between seasons (dry and wet) and elevations (upper and lower elevations corresponding to top of the hills (30 m high) and bottom of the valley). We identified 45 soil terpenoids compounds emitted to the atmosphere, comprising 26 monoterpenes and 19 sesquiterpenes; of these, it was possible to identify 13 and 7 compounds, respectively. Under ambient conditions, soils acted as sinks of these BVOCs, with greatest soil uptake recorded for sesquiterpenes at upper elevations during the wet season (-282 μg m-2 h-1). Fertilization shifted soils from a sink to source, with greatest levels of terpene emissions recorded at upper elevations during the wet season, following the addition of N (monoterpenes: 406 μg m-2 h-1) and P (sesquiterpenes: 210 μg m-2 h-1). Total soil terpene emission rates were negatively correlated with total atmospheric terpene concentrations. These results indicate likely shifts in tropical soils from sink to source of atmospheric terpenes under projected increases in N deposition under global change, with potential impacts on regional-scale atmospheric chemistry balance and ecosystem function. |
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Elsevier |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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1033 |
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Derory, J.; Scotti-Saintagne, C.; Bertocchi, E.; Le Dantec, L.; Graignic, N.; Jauffres, A.; Casasoli, M.; Chancerel, E.; Bodenes, C.; Alberto, F.; Kremer, A. |
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Contrasting relations between diversity of candidate genes and variation of bud burst in natural and segregating populations of European oaks |
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Journal Article |
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2010 |
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Heredity |
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105 |
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4 |
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401-411 |
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nucleotide diversity; candidate gene; QTL; Quercus petraea |
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Abstract |
Nucleotide diversity was assessed within nine candidate genes (in total 4.6 kb) for the time of bud burst in nine sessile oak (Quercus petraea) populations distributed in central and northern Europe. The sampled populations were selected on the basis of their contrasting time of bud burst observed in common garden experiments (provenance tests). The candidate genes were selected according to their expression profiles during the transition from quiescent to developing buds and/or their functional role in model plants. The overall nucleotide diversity was large (pi(tot) – 6.15 x 10(-3); pi(silent) – 11.2 x 10(-3)), but population differentiation was not larger than for microsatellites. No outlier single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), departing from neutral expectation, was found among the total of 125 SNPs. These results contrasted markedly with the significant associations that were observed between the candidate genes and bud burst in segregating populations. Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for bud burst were identified for 13 year*site seasonal observations in a cloned mapping pedigree. Nineteen QTLs were detected, and QTLs located on linkage groups 2, 5 and 9 contributed repeatedly to more than 12% of the phenotypic variation of the trait. Eight genes were polymorphic in the two parents of the pedigree and could be mapped on the existing genetic map. Five of them located within the confidence intervals of QTLs for bud burst. Interestingly, four of them located within the three QTLs exhibiting the largest contributions to bud burst. Heredity (2010) 105, 401-411; doi:10.1038/hdy.2009.170; published online 9 December 2009 |
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[Derory, J.; Scotti-Saintagne, C.; Bertocchi, E.; Graignic, N.; Jauffres, A.; Casasoli, M.; Chancerel, E.; Bodenes, C.; Alberto, F.; Kremer, A.] INRA, BIOGECO UMR1202, F-33610 Cestas, France, Email: antoine.kremer@pierroton.inra.fr |
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NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP |
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0018-067X |
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ISI:000282059900010 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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41 |
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