| Records |
| Author |
Dejean, A.; Leroy, C.; Corbara, B.; Roux, O.; Cereghino, R.; Orivel, J.; Boulay, R. |
Title  |
Arboreal Ants Use the "Velcro (R) Principle'' to Capture Very Large Prey |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2010 |
Publication |
PLoS One |
Abbreviated Journal |
PLoS One |
| Volume |
5 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
e11331 |
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| Abstract |
Plant-ants live in a mutualistic association with host plants known as "myrmecophytes'' that provide them with a nesting place and sometimes with extra-floral nectar (EFN) and/or food bodies (FBs); the ants can also attend sap-sucking Hemiptera for their honeydew. In return, plant-ants, like most other arboreal ants, protect their host plants from defoliators. To satisfy their nitrogen requirements, however, some have optimized their ability to capture prey in the restricted environment represented by the crowns of trees by using elaborate hunting techniques. In this study, we investigated the predatory behavior of the ant Azteca andreae which is associated with the myrmecophyte Cecropia obtusa. We noted that up to 8350 ant workers per tree hide side-by-side beneath the leaf margins of their host plant with their mandibles open, waiting for insects to alight. The latter are immediately seized by their extremities, and then spread-eagled; nestmates are recruited to help stretch, carve up and transport prey. This group ambush hunting technique is particularly effective when the underside of the leaves is downy, as is the case for C. obtusa. In this case, the hook-shaped claws of the A. andreae workers and the velvet-like structure of the underside of the leaves combine to act like natural Velcro (R) that is reinforced by the group ambush strategy of the workers, allowing them to capture prey of up to 13,350 times the mean weight of a single worker. |
| Address |
[Dejean, Alain; Leroy, Celine; Roux, Olivier; Orivel, Jerome] CNRS, Ecol Forets Guyane UMR CNRS 8172, Kourou, France, Email: alain.dejean@wanadoo.fr |
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PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE |
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1932-6203 |
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ISI:000279140800028 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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56 |
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Brouard, O.; Le Jeune, A.H.; Leroy, C.; Cereghino, R.; Roux, O.; Pelozuelo, L.; Dejean, A.; Corbara, B.; Carrias, J.F. |
| Title |
Are Algae Relevant to the Detritus-Based Food Web in Tank-Bromeliads? |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2011 |
Publication |
PLoS One |
Abbreviated Journal |
PLoS One |
| Volume |
6 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
e20129 |
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| Abstract |
We assessed the occurrence of algae in five species of tank-bromeliads found in contrasting environmental sites in a Neotropical, primary rainforest around the Nouragues Research Station, French Guiana. The distributions of both algal abundance and biomass were examined based on physical parameters, the morphological characteristics of bromeliad species and with regard to the structure of other aquatic microbial communities held in the tanks. Algae were retrieved in all of the bromeliad species with mean densities ranging from similar to 10(2) to 10(4) cells/mL. Their biomass was positively correlated to light exposure and bacterial biomass. Algae represented a tiny component of the detrital food web in shaded bromeliads but accounted for up to 30 percent of the living microbial carbon in the tanks of Catopsis berteroniana, located in a highly exposed area. Thus, while nutrient supplies are believed to originate from wind-borne particles and trapped insects (i.e., allochtonous organic matter), our results indicate that primary producers (i.e., autochtonous organic matter) are present in this insectivorous bromeliad. Using a 24-h incubation of size-fractionated and manipulated samples from this plant, we evaluated the impact of mosquito foraging on algae, other microorganisms and rotifers. The prey assemblages were greatly altered by the predation of mosquito larvae. Grazing losses indicated that the dominant algal taxon, Bumilleriopsis sp., like protozoa and rotifers, is a significant part of the diet of mosquito larvae. We conclude that algae are a relevant functional community of the aquatic food web in C. berteroniana and might form the basis of a complementary non-detrital food web. |
| Address |
[Brouard, Olivier; Le Jeune, Anne-Helene; Corbara, Bruno; Carrias, Jean-Francois] Univ Clermont Ferrand, CNRS, Lab Microorganismes Genome & Environm, LMGE,UMR 6023, Aubiere, France, Email: j-francois.carrias@univ-bpclermont.fr |
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Public Library Science |
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1932-6203 |
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ISI:000290720200066 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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319 |
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Wagner, F.; Rossi, V.; Baraloto, C.; Bonal, D.; Stahl, C.; Herault, B. |
| Title |
Are commonly measured functional traits involved in tropical tree responses to climate? |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2014 |
Publication |
International Journal of Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Int. J. Ecol. |
| Volume |
2014 |
Issue |
389409 |
Pages |
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Climate models predict significant rainfall reduction in Amazonia, reducing water availability for trees. We present how functional traits modulate the tree growth response to climate. We used data from 3 years of bimestrial growth measurements for 204 trees of 53 species in the forest of Paracou, French Guiana. We integrated climate variables from an eddy covariance tower and functional trait values describing life history, leaf, and stem economics. Our results indicated that the measured functional traits are to some extent linked to the response of trees to climate but they are poor predictors of the tree climate-induced growth variation. Tree growth was affected by water availability for most of the species with different species growth strategies in drought conditions. These strategies were linked to some functional traits, especially maximum height and wood density. These results suggest that (i) trees seem adapted to the dry season at Paracou but they show different growth responses to drought, (ii) drought response is linked to growth strategy and is partly explained by functional traits, and (iii) the limited part of the variation of tree growth explained by functional traits may be a strong limiting factor for the prediction of tree growth response to climate. © 2014 Fabien Wagner et al. |
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CIRAD, UMR Systèmes d'Elevage en Milieux Méditerranéens et Tropicaux, 97379 Kourou, France |
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Hindawi Publishing Corporation |
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16879716 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 30 July 2014; Correspondence Address: Wagner, F.; Remote Sensing Division, National Institute for Space Research (INPE), 12227-010 São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil; email: wagner.h.fabien@gmail.com |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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556 |
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Gourlet-Fleury, S.; Gazull, L.; Bigombe Logo, P.; Billand, A.; Bolaluembe, P.-C.; Boyemba, F.; Dessard, H.; Doucet, J.-L.; Doumenge, C.; Dubiez, E.; Durrieu De Madron, L.; Feintrenie, L.; Fomete, T.; Garcia, C.; Gillet, J.-F.; Herault, B.; Karsenty, A.; Menga, P.; Ngoya Kessy, A.M.; Pietsch, S.; Putz, J.; Rossi, V.; Sayer, J.; Sist, P.; Zongang Ngongang, A.A. |
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Are logging concessions a threat to the peatlands in DRC? |
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Journal Article |
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2017 |
Publication |
Bois et Forets des Tropiques |
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334 |
Pages |
3-6 |
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Université du Maine, France |
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Export Date: 23 January 2018 |
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no |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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788 |
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Dejean, A.; Delabie, J.H.C.; Cerdan, P.; Gibernau, M.; Corbara, B. |
| Title |
Are myrmecophytes always better protected against herbivores than other plants? |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Biological Journal of the Linnean Society |
Abbreviated Journal |
Biol. J. Linn. Soc. |
| Volume |
89 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
91-98 |
| Keywords |
Ant-plant mutualism; Azteca; Maieta; Myrmecophytes; Plant protection; Tococa; ant; defoliation; field method; mutualism; myrmecophyte; plant-herbivore interaction; Azteca; Azteca bequaerti; Clidemia; Crematogaster laevis; Formicidae; Maieta; Maieta guianensis; Pheidole minutula; Tococa; Tococa guianensis |
| Abstract |
The present field study compared the degree of defoliation of three Guianian melastome, two myrmecophytes (i.e. plants sheltering ants in hollow structures) and Clidemia sp., a nonmyrmecophytic plant serving as a control. Maieta guianensis Aubl. hosted mostly Pheidole minutula Mayr whatever the area, whereas Tococa guianensis Aubl. hosted mostly Azteca bequaerti Wheeler along streams and Crematogaster laevis Mayr or Azteca sp. 1 in the understory where it never blossomed. Only Tococa, when sheltering A. bequaerti in what can be considered as a truly mutualistic relationship, showed significantly less defoliation than control plants. In the other associations, the difference was not significant, but P. minutula is mutualistic with Maieta because it furnishes some protection (exclusion experiments) plus nutrients (previous studies). When devoid of ants, Tococa showed significantly greater defoliation than control plants; therefore, it was deduced that Tococa probably lacks certain antidefoliator metabolites that control plants possess (both Tococa and control plants are protected by ground-nesting, plant-foraging ants, which is termed 'general myrmecological protection'). Consequently, plant-ants other than A. bequaerti probably also protect Tococa slightly, thus compensating for this deficiency and permitting it to live in the understory until treefall gaps provide the conditions necessary for seed production. © 2006 The Linnean Society of London. |
| Address |
Laboratoire de Psychologie Sociale de la Cognition (UMR CNRS 6024), Université Blaise Pascal, 34 avenue Carnot, 63037 Clermont-Ferrand Cedex, France |
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00244066 (Issn) |
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Cited By (since 1996): 9; Export Date: 22 October 2011; Source: Scopus; Coden: Bjlsb; doi: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2006.00660.x; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Dejean, A.; Laboratoire d'Evolution et Diversité Biologique (UMR CNRS 5174), Université Toulouse III, Bâtiment 4R3, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex, France; email: dejean@cict.fr |
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no |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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355 |
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Petit, M.; Céréghino, R.; Carrias, J.-F.; Corbara, B.; Dezerald, O.; Petitclerc, F.; Dejean, A.; Leroy, C. |
| Title |
Are ontogenetic shifts in foliar structure and resource acquisition spatially conditioned in tank-bromeliads? |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society |
Abbreviated Journal |
Bot J Linn Soc |
| Volume |
175 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
299-312 |
| Keywords |
Aechmea mertensii; Camponotus femoratus; French Guiana; leaf traits; mutualistic ants; natural stable isotopes; ontogeny; Pachycondyla goeldii; phenotypic plasticity; plant morphology |
| Abstract |
The phenotypic plasticity of plants has been explored as a function of either ontogeny (apparent plasticity) or environment (adaptive plasticity), although few studies have analyzed these factors together. In the present study, we take advantage of the dispersal of Aechmea mertensii bromeliads by Camponotus femoratus or Pachycondyla goeldii ants in shaded and sunny environments, respectively, to quantify ontogenetic changes in morphological, foliar, and functional traits, and to analyze ontogenetic and ant species effects on 14 traits. Most of the morphological (plant height, number of leaves), foliar (leaf thickness, leaf mass area, total water content, trichome density), and functional (leaf δ13C) traits differed as a function of ontogeny. Conversely, only leaf δ15N showed an adaptive phenotypic plasticity. On the other hand, plant width, tank width, longest leaf length, stomatal density, and leaf C concentration showed an adaptation to local environment with ontogeny. The exception was leaf N concentration, which showed no trend at all. Aechmea mertensii did not show an abrupt morphological modification such as in heteroblastic bromeliads, although it was characterized by strong, size-related functional modifications for CO2 acquisition. The adaptive phenotypic variation found between the two ant species indicates the spatially conditioned plasticity of A. mertensii in the context of insect-assisted dispersal. However, ant-mediated effects on phenotypic plasticity in A. mertensii are not obvious because ant species and light environment are confounding variables. © 2014 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2014, 175, 299–312. |
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1095-8339 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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564 |
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Christensen-Dalsgaard, K.K.; Ennos, A.R.; Fournier, M. |
| Title |
Are radial changes in vascular anatomy mechanically induced or an ageing process? Evidence from observations on buttressed tree root systems |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Trees-Structure and Function |
Abbreviated Journal |
Trees-Struct. Funct. |
| Volume |
22 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
543-550 |
| Keywords |
wood; anatomy; mechanical loading; tree development; vessels |
| Abstract |
To investigate the effect of changes in mechanical loading conditions on radial anatomical patterns, we here compare the trunk with the roots in two locations of three species of buttressed trees. The proximal part of the buttress roots is highly mechanically loaded throughout juvenile growth whereas the distal part of the buttresses is though to be mechanically unimportant at formation but become progressively more mechanically loaded during growth. We measured the frequency and diameter of the vessels and the vessel area fraction, and from this calculated the specific conductivity of tissue samples of the core-, intermediate- and outer wood. As in previous studies there was an increase in vessel size, vessel area fraction and specific conductivity from the pith to the bark in the trunk. In the proximal part of the buttress roots, however, there was no increase in vessel size and conductivity from core wood and out in agreement with the high mechanical loading found here throughout growth. There was instead a decrease in vessel size, vessel area fraction and specific conductivity from core- to outer wood in the distal part of the buttress roots in accordance with the increase in mechanical loading. Hence, it appears that the radial anatomical patterns are not a passive function of cambial ageing but may be modified in response to local mechanical loading. |
| Address |
[Christensen-Dalsgaard, Karen K.] Univ Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E3, Canada, Email: kkchrist@ualberta.ca |
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SPRINGER |
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0931-1890 |
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ISI:000257385200014 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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136 |
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Basset, Y.; Cizek, L.; Cuénoud, P.; Didham, R.K.; Novotny, V.; Ødegaard, F.; Roslin, T.; Tishechkin, A.K.; Schmidl, J.; Winchester, N.N.; Roubik, D.W.; Aberlenc, H.-P.; Bail, J.; Barrios, H.; Bridle, J.R.; Castaño-Meneses, G.; Corbara, B.; Curletti, G.; Duarte da Rocha, W.; De Bakker, D.; Delabie, J.H.C.; Dejean, A.; Fagan, L.L.; Floren, A.; Kitching, R.L.; Medianero, E.; Gama de Oliveira, E.; Orivel, J.; Pollet, M.; Rapp, M.; Ribeiro, S.P.; Roisin, Y.; Schmidt, J.B.; Sørensen, L.; Lewinsohn, T.M.; Leponce, M. |
| Title |
Arthropod Distribution in a Tropical Rainforest: Tackling a Four Dimensional Puzzle |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2015 |
Publication |
PLoS ONE |
Abbreviated Journal |
PLoS ONE |
| Volume |
10 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
e0144110 |
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| Abstract |
Quantifying the spatio-temporal distribution of arthropods in tropical rainforests represents a first step towards scrutinizing the global distribution of biodiversity on Earth. To date most studies have focused on narrow taxonomic groups or lack a design that allows partitioning of the components of diversity. Here, we consider an exceptionally large dataset (113,952 individuals representing 5,858 species), obtained from the San Lorenzo forest in Panama, where the phylogenetic breadth of arthropod taxa was surveyed using 14 protocols targeting the soil, litter, understory, lower and upper canopy habitats, replicated across seasons in 2003 and 2004. This dataset is used to explore the relative influence of horizontal, vertical and seasonal drivers of arthropod distribution in this forest. We considered arthropod abundance, observed and estimated species richness, additive decomposition of species richness, multiplicative partitioning of species diversity, variation in species composition, species turnover and guild structure as components of diversity. At the scale of our study (2km of distance, 40m in height and 400 days), the effects related to the vertical and seasonal dimensions were most important. Most adult arthropods were collected from the soil/litter or the upper canopy and species richness was highest in the canopy. We compared the distribution of arthropods and trees within our study system. Effects related to the seasonal dimension were stronger for arthropods than for trees. We conclude that: (1) models of beta diversity developed for tropical trees are unlikely to be applicable to tropical arthropods; (2) it is imperative that estimates of global biodiversity derived from mass collecting of arthropods in tropical rainforests embrace the strong vertical and seasonal partitioning observed here; and (3) given the high species turnover observed between seasons, global climate change may have severe consequences for rainforest arthropods. |
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Public Library of Science |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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644 |
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Basset, Y.; Cizek, L.; Cuénoud, P.; Didham, R.K.; Guilhaumon, F.; Missa, O.; Novotny, V.; Ødegaard, F.; Roslin, T.; Schmidl, J.; Tishechkin, A.K.; Winchester, N.N.; Roubik, D.W.; Aberlenc, H.-P.; Bail, J.; Barrios, H.; Bridle, J.R.; Castaño-Meneses, G.; Corbara, B.; Curletti, G.; Da Rocha, W.D.; De Bakker, D.; Delabie, J.H.C.; Dejean, A.; Fagan, L.L.; Floren, A.; Kitching, R.L.; Medianero, E.; Miller, S.E.; De Oliveira, E.G.; Orivel, J.; Pollet, M.; Rapp, M.; Ribeiro, S.P.; Roisin, Y.; Schmidt, J.B.; Sørensen, L.; Leponce, M. |
| Title |
Arthropod diversity in a tropical forest |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
338 |
Issue |
6113 |
Pages |
1481-1484 |
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Most eukaryotic organisms are arthropods. Yet, their diversity in rich terrestrial ecosystems is still unknown. Here we produce tangible estimates of the total species richness of arthropods in a tropical rainforest. Using a comprehensive range of structured protocols, we sampled the phylogenetic breadth of arthropod taxa from the soil to the forest canopy in the San Lorenzo forest, Panama. We collected 6144 arthropod species from 0.48 hectare and extrapolated total species richness to larger areas on the basis of competing models. The whole 6000-hectare forest reserve most likely sustains 25,000 arthropod species. Notably, just 1 hectare of rainforest yields >60% of the arthropod biodiversity held in the wider landscape. Models based on plant diversity fitted the accumulated species richness of both herbivore and nonherbivore taxa exceptionally well. This lends credence to global estimates of arthropod biodiversity developed from plant models. |
| Address |
Natural History Museum of Denmark, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark |
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Export Date: 27 December 2012; Source: Scopus |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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451 |
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Siebicke, L.; Hunner, M.; Foken, T. |
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Aspects of CO 2 advection measurements |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
Publication |
Theoretical and Applied Climatology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Theor. Appl. Climatol. |
| Volume |
109 |
Issue |
1-2 |
Pages |
109-131 |
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| Abstract |
Observations of vegetation-atmosphere exchange of carbon dioxide (CO 2) by the eddy covariance (EC) technique are limited by difficult conditions such as nighttime and heterogeneous terrain. Thus, advective flux components are included into the net ecosystem exchange (NEE) budget. However, advection measurements are experimentally challenging and do not always help to solve the night flux problem of the EC technique. This study investigates alternative methods for the observation of horizontal advection, in particular horizontal concentration gradients, as well as different approaches to coordinate rotation and vertical advection. Continuous high-frequency measurements of the horizontal CO 2 concentration field are employed and compared to the often used discontinuous sequential sampling. Significant differences were found in the case of 30-min mean concentration values between the conventional discontinuous sampling approach and the complete observation of the time series by continuous sampling. Estimates of vertical advection rely on accurate estimates of vertical wind velocity (W). Therefore, different approaches to the planar fit coordinate rotation have been investigated. Sector-wise rotation was able to eliminate directional dependencies of mean W. Furthermore, the effect of the data set length used for rotation (window length) was investigated and was found to have significant impact on estimates of vertical advection, with larger window lengths yielding about 50% larger vertical advection. A sequential planar fit with controlled window length is proposed to give reproducible results. The different approaches to the measurement and calculation of horizontal and vertical advection presented are applied to data obtained during the exchange processes in mountainous region experiment at the FLUXNET site Waldstein-Weidenbrunnen (DE-Bay). Estimates of NEE including advection are compared to NEE from turbulent and storage flux alone without advection. NEE including vertical advection with sector-wise planar fit rotation and controlled window length and including horizontal advection from continuous gradient measurements, which were comprehensively bias corrected by a new approach, did compare well with the expected night flux error, with meteorological drivers of the fluxes and with soil chamber measurements. Unrealistically large and noisy values of horizontal advection from the conventional discontinuous sampling approach, which lead to unrealistic values of NEE, could be eliminated by the alternative approaches presented. We therefore suggest the further testing of those approaches at other sites in order to improve the accuracy of advection measurements and, subsequently, estimates of NEE. © 2011 Springer-Verlag. |
| Address |
Wind Cert Services, TÜV SÜD Industrie Service GmbH, Ludwig-Eckert-Str. 10, 93049 Regensburg, Germany |
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0177798x (Issn) |
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| Notes |
Export Date: 27 June 2012; Source: Scopus; doi: 10.1007/s00704-011-0552-3; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Siebicke, L.; Department of Micrometeorology, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany; email: lukas.siebicke@uni-bayreuth.de |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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406 |
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