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Author |
Gond, V.; Guitet, S. |
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Title |
Remote Sensing in Post-Logging Diagnoses for Forest Management in French Guiana |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Bois et Forets des Tropiques |
Abbreviated Journal |
Bois For. Trop. |
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Volume |
63 |
Issue |
299 |
Pages |
5-13 |
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Keywords |
selective logging; logging impact inspections; French Guiana; remote sensing; forest management |
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Abstract |
This study is part of the activities carried out to monitor tow-impact logging operations in humid tropical forests. The sustainability of these activities is highly dependent on the scale of logging damage, and managers therefore need to carry out effective checks on the quality of forestry work. In this study, remote sensing was used to track the extension of logging operations and to assess damage, through images acquired during and after logging in each parcel. Analysis of the high-resolution images (10 m) clearly identifies logged-over clearings and some skidding tracks, allowing assessments of gaps opening up in the canopy. Several parcels were monitored in this French Guiana study. A simple diagnostic procedure was established for each parcel to assess logging intensity and identify new logging tracks and timber losses. The remote sensing toot thus helps to make more accurate assessments of logging quality and to draw relevant conclusions for the logging company. The study has demonstrated the usefulness of remote sensing to identify damage after logging. The quality of restitution of the damage was validated by means of a database on the logging terrain and through field missions. This post-logging inspection tool can now be automated for fully operational use by forest managers. |
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Address |
[Gond, Valery] Univ Laval, Fac Foresterie, Umr Ecofog Guyane francaise, Cirad,UR 36, Quebec City, PQ G1V OA6, Canada |
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CIRAD-CENTRE COOPERATION INT RECHERCHE AGRONOMIQUE POUR |
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0006-579X |
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ISI:000266156700001 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
280 |
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Author |
Cochard, H.; Coste, S.; Chanson, B.; Guehl, J.M.; Nicolini, E. |
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Title |
Hydraulic architecture correlates with bud organogenesis and primary shoot growth in beech (Fagus sylvatica) |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2005 |
Publication |
Tree Physiology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Tree Physiol. |
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Volume |
25 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
1545-1552 |
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Keywords |
development; hydraulic conductance; leaf primordia; meristem; xylem |
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Abstract |
In beech (Fagus sylvatica L.), the number of leaf primordia preformed in the buds determines the length and the type (long versus short) of annual growth units, and thus, branch growth and architecture. We analyzed the correlation between the number of leaf primordia and the hydraulic conductance of the vascular system connected to the buds. Terminal buds of short growth units and axillary buds of long growth units on lower branches of mature trees were examined. Buds with less than four and more than five leaf primordia formed short and long growth units, respectively. Irrespective of the type of growth unit the bud was formed on, the occurrence of a large number of leaf primordia was associated with high xylem hydraulic conductance. Xylem conductance was correlated to the area of the outermost annual ring. These results suggest that organogenesis and primary growth in buds correlates with secondary growth of the growth units and thus with their hydraulic architecture. Possible causal relationships between the variables are discussed. |
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Address |
INRA UBP, UMR PIAF, F-63039 Clermont Ferrand, France, Email: cochard@clermont.inra.fr |
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HERON PUBLISHING |
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0829-318X |
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ISI:000234019900008 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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281 |
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Author |
Marti, G.; Eparvier, V.; Litaudon, M.; Grellier, P.; Gueritte, F. |
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Title |
A New Xanthone from the Bark Extract of Rheedia acuminata and Antiplasmodial Activity of Its Major Compounds |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Molecules |
Abbreviated Journal |
Molecules |
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Volume |
15 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
7106-7114 |
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Keywords |
Rheedia acuminata, Clusiaceae; xanthones; antiplasmodial activity; cytotoxicity |
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Abstract |
Bioassay-guided fractionation of the ethyl acetate bark extract of Rheedia acuminata led to the isolation of the new compound 1,5,6-trihydroxy-3-methoxy-7-geranyl-xanthone (1), together with four known compounds 2-5. These compounds were tested in vitro for their antiplasmodial activity on a chloroquine-resistant strain of Plasmodium falciparum (FcB1) and for their cytotoxicity against the human diploid embryonic lung cell line MRC-5. |
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Address |
[Eparvier, Veronique] CNRS, UPS2561, F-97300 Cayenne, France, Email: guillaume.marti@icsn.cnrs-gif.fr |
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MDPI AG |
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ISSN |
1420-3049 |
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Notes |
ISI:000283587400030 |
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no |
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Call Number |
EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
282 |
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Author |
Millet, J.; Pascal, J.P.; Kiet, L.C. |
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Title |
Effects of Disturbance Over 60 Years on a Lowland Forest in Southern Vietnam |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Journal of Tropical Forest Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Trop. For. Sci. |
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Volume |
22 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
237-246 |
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Keywords |
Lowland tropical forest; disturbance impact; floristic composition; forest structure; Tan Phu forest |
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Abstract |
MILLET J, PASCAL JP & MET LC. 2010. Effects of disturbance over 60 years on a lowland forest in southern Vietnam. Tropical lowland forests are some of the most threatened in the world and this is particularly the case in Vietnam. This study aimed to identify changes in species composition and forest structure in the Tan Phu lowland forest resulting from disturbance over a 60 year period. Analysis of forest composition and structure rely on data from 25 plots of 0.5-ha size established in a lowland secondary forest. The five forest stands described differed greatly from the three forest stand types described in 1943. Some long-lived shade-tolerant species had been replaced by pioneer species, such as Cratoxylon formosum and Shorea roxburghii. In addition to altering composition, forest disturbances had resulted in large changes in forest structure. While in the past, forest stands had a large number of exploitable trees, current forest stands have few trees in the diameter class > 50 cm and sometimes no trees in the diameter class > 80 cm. This paper provides notable results on forest tree ecology, forest dynamics and on the state of secondary forests in Vietnam. This is particularly important as future goods and services will increasingly have to come from such forests. |
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[Millet, J.] Univ Lyon 1, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France, Email: jerome.millet@ird.if |
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FOREST RESEARCH INST MALAYSIA |
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ISSN |
0128-1283 |
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Notes |
ISI:000280653200003 |
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no |
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Call Number |
EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
283 |
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Author |
Marti, G.; Eparvier, V.; Moretti, C.; Prado, S.; Grellier, P.; Hue, N.; Thoison, O.; Delpech, B.; Gueritte, F.; Litaudon, M. |
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Title |
Antiplasmodial benzophenone derivatives from the root barks of Symphonia globulifera (Clusiaceae) |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Phytochemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phytochemistry |
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Volume |
71 |
Issue |
8-9 |
Pages |
964-974 |
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Keywords |
Symphonia globulifera; Clusiaceae; Benzophenone; Symphonone; Antiplasmodial; LC/ESI-MS |
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Abstract |
In an effort to find antimalarial drugs, a systematic in vitro evaluation on a chloroquine-resistant strain of Plasmodium falciparum (FcB1) was undertaken on sixty plant extracts collected in French Guiana. The ethyl acetate extract obtained from the root barks of Symphonia globulifera exhibited a strong antiplasmodial activity (97% at 10 μg/ml). The phytochemical investigation of this extract led to the isolation of nine polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinol (PPAPs) compounds and two oxidized derivatives. All compounds showed antiplasmodial activity with IC(50)s ranged from 2.1 to 10.1 μM. A LC/ESI-MSn study performed on polyprenylated benzophenones previously isolated from Moronobea coccinea provided a reliable method for their detection in the extract and structural elucidation. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
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Address |
[Marti, Guillaume; Hue, Nathalie; Thoison, Odile; Delpech, Bernard; Gueritte, Francoise; Litaudon, Marc] CNRS, Inst Chim Subst Nat, Ctr Rech Gif, F-91198 Gif Sur Yvette, France, Email: marc.litaudon@icsn.cnrs-gif.fr |
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PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD |
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0031-9422 |
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Notes |
ISI:000279077400016 |
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no |
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Call Number |
EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
284 |
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Author |
Sobotnik, J.; Sillam-Dusses, D.; Weyda, F.; Dejean, A.; Roisin, Y.; Hanus, R.; Bourguignon, T. |
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Title |
The frontal gland in workers of Neotropical soldierless termites |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Naturwissenschaften |
Abbreviated Journal |
Naturwissenschaften |
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Volume |
97 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
495-503 |
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Keywords |
Frontal gland; Workers; Soldierless termites; Apicotermitinae; Anoplotermes; Aparatermes |
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Abstract |
The presence of the frontal gland is well established in termite soldiers of Rhinotermitidae, Serritermitidae, and Termitidae. It is one of their main defensive adaptations or even an exclusive weapon. The gland was also occasionally reported in alate imagoes, but never in the worker caste. Here, we report the first observation of a frontal gland in workers of several Neotropical and one African species of Apicotermitinae. The ultrastructure of Aparatermes cingulatus and Anoplotermes nr. subterraneus is described in detail. In these two species, the gland is well-developed, functional and consists of class 1 secretory cells. The presence of envelope cells, wrapping the gland, is an unusual feature, as well as the presence of several zonulae adherens, connecting neighbouring glandular cells. The frontal gland of workers is homologous to this organ in soldiers and imagoes, as evidenced by the same position in the head and its connection to the same muscle. However, the defensive role of the frontal gland in workers remains to be confirmed. |
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Address |
[Sobotnik, Jan; Sillam-Dusses, David; Hanus, Robert] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Organ Chem & Biochem, Res Team Infochem, CR-16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic, Email: robert@uochb.cas.cz |
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SPRINGER |
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0028-1042 |
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ISI:000277318800007 |
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no |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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285 |
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Author |
Petillon, J.; Lambeets, K.; Montaigne, W.; Maelfait, J.P.; Bonte, D. |
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Title |
Habitat structure modified by an invasive grass enhances inundation withstanding in a salt-marsh wolf spider |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Biological Invasions |
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12 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
3219-3226 |
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1387-3547 |
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WOS:000280892600033 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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287 |
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Author |
Petillon, J.; Montaigne, W.; Renault, D. |
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Title |
Hypoxic coma as a strategy to survive inundation in a salt-marsh inhabiting spider |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Biology Letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
Biol. Lett. |
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Volume |
5 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
442-445 |
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1744-9561 |
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WOS:000267881700002 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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288 |
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Author |
Wernsdorfer, H.; Caron, H.; Gerber, S.; Cornu, G.; Rossi, V.; Mortier, F.; Gourlet-Fleury, S. |
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Title |
Relationships between demography and gene flow and their importance for the conservation of tree populations in tropical forests under selective felling regimes |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Conservation Genetics |
Abbreviated Journal |
Conserv. Genet. |
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Volume |
12 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
15-29 |
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Keywords |
Genetic diversity; Gene flow; Population dynamics; Simulation model; Conservation; Forest management |
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Abstract |
Determining how tropical tree populations subject to selective felling (logging) pressure may be conserved is a crucial issue for forest management and studying this issue requires a comprehensive understanding of the relationships between population demography and gene flow. We used a simulation model, SELVA, to study (1) the relative impact of demographic factors (juvenile mortality, felling regime) and genetic factors (selfing, number and location of fathers, mating success) on long-term genetic diversity; and (2) the impact of different felling regimes on population size versus genetic diversity. Impact was measured by means of model sensitivity analyses. Juvenile mortality had the highest impact on the number of alleles and genotypes, and on the genetic distance between the original and final populations. Selfing had the greatest impact on observed heterozygote frequency and fixation index. Other factors and interactions had only minor effects. Overall, felling had a greater impact on population size than on genetic diversity. Interestingly, populations under relatively low felling pressure even had a somewhat lower fixation index than undisturbed populations (no felling). We conclude that demographic processes such as juvenile mortality should be modelled thoroughly to obtain reliable long-term predictions of genetic diversity. Mortality in selfed and outcrossed progenies should be modelled explicitly by taking inbreeding depression into account. The modelling of selfing based on population rate appeared to be oversimplifying and should account for inter-tree variation. Forest management should pay particular attention to the regeneration capacities of felled species. |
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[Wernsdoerfer, Holger] Ctr INRA Nancy, INRA, Lab Etude Ressources Foret Bois LERFoB, UMR1092, F-54280 Champenoux, France, Email: holger.wernsdoerfer@cirad.fr |
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SPRINGER |
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1566-0621 |
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ISI:000285971900002 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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289 |
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Author |
Sarmiento, C.; Patino, S.; Paine, C.E.T.; Beauchene, J.; Thibaut, A.; Baraloto, C. |
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Title |
Within-Individual Variation of Trunk and Branch Xylem Density in Tropical Trees |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
American Journal of Botany |
Abbreviated Journal |
Am. J. Bot. |
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Volume |
98 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
140-149 |
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Keywords |
branch xylem density; French Guiana; functional trait; tropical trees; trunk xylem density; wood economics |
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Abstract |
Premise of the study : Wood density correlates with mechanical and physiological strategies of trees and is important for estimating global carbon stocks. Nonetheless, the relationship between branch and trunk xylem density has been poorly explored in neotropical trees. Here, we examine this relationship in trees from French Guiana and its variation among different families and sites, to improve the understanding of wood density in neotropical forests. Methods : Trunk and branch xylem densities were measured for 1909 trees in seven sites across French Guiana. A major-axis fit was performed to explore their general allometric relationship and its variation among different families and sites. Key results : Trunk xylem and branch xylem densities were significantly positively correlated, and their relationship explained 47% of the total variance. Trunk xylem was on average 9% denser than branch xylem. Family-level differences and interactions between family and site accounted for more than 40% of the total variance, whereas differences among sites explained little variation. Conclusions : Variation in xylem density within individual trees can be substantial, and the relationship between branch xylem and trunk xylem densities varies considerably among families and sites. As such, whole-tree biomass estimates based on non-destructive branch sampling should correct for both taxonomic and environmental factors. Furthermore, detailed estimates of the vertical distribution of wood density within individual trees are needed to determine the extent to which relying solely upon measures of trunk wood density may cause carbon stocks in tropical forests to be overestimated. |
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Address |
[Sarmiento, Carolina; Patino, Sandra; Baraloto, Christopher] INRA, UMR Ecol Forets Guyane, Kourou 97310, French Guiana, Email: carolinasar@gmail.com |
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BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC |
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0002-9122 |
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ISI:000285747900019 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
290 |
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