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Author Baraloto, C.; Ferreira, E.; Rockwell, C.; Walthier, F. pdf  url
openurl 
  Title Limitations and Applications of Parataxonomy for Community Forest Management in Southwestern Amazonia Type Journal Article
  Year 2007 Publication Ethnobotany Research & Applications Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 5 Issue Pages 77-84  
  Keywords  
  Abstract We examined the limitations of parataxonomic inventories for developing management plans for woody plant resources in tropical rain forests of southwestern Amazonia. Using compilations of herbarium labels, forest personnel interviews and published species descriptions, we assessed the accuracy of common names as parataxonomic units (PUs). We identified 384 common names for 310 harvested woody plant species in the Brazilian state of Acre, of which only 50% were unique to a single taxonomic species. About 10% of common names referred to more than one species, more than half of which included multiple genera. For the 106 species from the Acre sample common to the MAP region including Madre de Dios, Peru and Pando, Bolivia, we identified 198 common names. Splitting was much more frequent in this sample, with more than 80% of species having more than one common name. When the Acre sample was expanded to 131 species from the Brazilian Amazon region, including the states of Amazonas and Para, we identified 740 common names, with nearly 90% of species being represented by more than one common name. Errors and inaccuracy of parataxonomy may contribute to market instability if product orders can not be homogenized within regional markets, and to unsustainable harvests if species are mistakenly lumped into single parataxonomic units. We discuss several programs currently being implemented by our collaborative team in the region to address this issue, including field guides based on digital photography, field courses, and workshops featuring discussions between regional inventory personnel and botanists.  
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  Notes 2008; Limitations and Applications of Parataxonomy for Community Forest Management in Southwestern Amazonia Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ 14 Serial (up) 214  
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Author Yamamoto, H.; Almeras, T. doi  openurl
  Title A mathematical verification of the reinforced-matrix hypothesis using the Mori-Tanaka theory Type Journal Article
  Year 2007 Publication Journal of Wood Science Abbreviated Journal J. Wood Sci.  
  Volume 53 Issue 6 Pages 505-509  
  Keywords Engineering  
  Abstract This article presents a theoretical verification of the reinforced-matrix hypothesis derived from tensor equations, σ W = σ f + σ m and ε W = ε f = ε m (Wood Sci Technol 32:171–182, 1998; Wood Sci Technol 33:311–325, 1999; J Biomech Eng 124:432–440, 2002), using classical Mori-Tanaka theory on the micromechanics of fiber-reinforced materials (Acta Metall 21:571–574, 1973; Micromechanics — dislcation and inclusions (in Japanese), pp 141–147, 1976). The Mori-Tanaka theory was applied to a small fragment of the cell wall undergoing changes in its physical state, such as those arising from sorption of moisture, maturation of wall components, or action of an external force, to obtain ⟨σ A⟩D = ϕ·⟨σ F⟩I + (1−ϕ)·⟨σ M⟩D−I. When the constitutive equation of each constituent material was applied to the equation ⟨σ A⟩D = ϕ·⟨σ F⟩I + (1−ϕ)·⟨σ M⟩D−I, the equations σ W = σ f + σ m and ε W = ε f = ε m were derived to lend support to the concept that two main phases, the reinforcing cellulose microfibril and the lignin-hemicellulose matrix, coexist in the same domain. The constitutive equations for the cell wall fragment were obtained without recourse to additional parameters such as Eshelby’s tensor S and Hill’s averaged concentration tensors AF and AM. In our previous articles, the coexistence of two main phases and σ W = σ f + σ m and ε W = ε f =ε m had been taken as our starting point to formulate the behavior of wood fiber with multilayered cell walls. The present article provides a rational explanation for both concepts.  
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  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Springer Japan Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1435-0211 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ Serial (up) 215  
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Author Yatabe, Y.; Kane, N.C.; Scotti-Saintagne, C.; Rieseberg, L.H. openurl 
  Title Rampant gene exchange across a strong reproductive barrier between the annual sunflowers, Helianthus annuus and H-petiolaris Type Journal Article
  Year 2007 Publication Genetics Abbreviated Journal Genetics  
  Volume 175 Issue 4 Pages 1883-1893  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Plant species may remain morphologically distinct despite gene exchange with congeners, yet little is known about the genomewide pattern of introgression among species. Here we analyze the effects of persistent gene flow on genomic differentiation between the sympatric sunflower species Helianthus annuus and H. petiolaris. While the species are strongly isolated in testcrosses, genetic distances at 108 microsatellite loci and 14 sequenced genes are highly variable and much lower (on average) than for more closely related but historically allopatric congeners. Our analyses failed to detect a positive association between levels of genetic differentiation and chromosomal rearrangements (as reported in a prior publication) or proximity to QTL for morphological differences or hybrid sterility. However, a significant increase in differentiation was observed for markers within 5 cM of chromosomal breakpoints. Together, these results suggest that islands of differentiation between these two species are small, except in areas of low recombination. Furthermore, only microsatellites associated with ESTs were identified as outlier loci in tests for selection, which might indicate that the ESTs themselves are the targets of selection rather than linked genes (or that coding regions are not randomly distributed). In general, these results indicate that even strong and genetically complex reproductive barriers cannot prevent widespread introgression.  
  Address Indiana Univ, Dept Biol, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA, Email: lriesebe@indiana.edu  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher GENETICS Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0016-6731 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes ISI:000246448800029 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ Serial (up) 216  
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Author Rockwell, C.A.; Kainer, K.A.; Staudhammer, C.L.; Baraloto, C. openurl 
  Title Future crop tree damage in a certified community forest in southwestern Amazonia Type Journal Article
  Year 2007 Publication Forest Ecology and Management Abbreviated Journal For. Ecol. Manage.  
  Volume 242 Issue 2-3 Pages 108-118  
  Keywords bamboo; community forest management; forest certification; Guadua; liana; marking; reduced-impact logging; RIL; timber management; tropical forest  
  Abstract Field studies in Acre, Brazil assessed logging impacts of a certified community timber management project. The main objectives of the study were: (1) to determine if damage incidence to future crop trees (FCTs; >= 20 cm diameter at breast height (dbh)) differs between (a) forest with and without bamboo (Guadua spp.), and (b) trees with and without lianas; (2) to what extent harvesting can be conducted more intensely (m(3)ha(-1)), without incurring greater FCT damage; and (3) to what extent marking diminishes FCT damage. Full inventories of FCTs of 50 commercial species complexes were conducted before and after logging in 50 m-radius zones of impact around each designated harvest tree in three 10 ha (200 m x 500 m) logging blocks. We also mapped all forested areas potentially influenced by logging, including skid trails, log landings and felling gaps, throughout the 30 ha logged. More than 28% of the forest area was disturbed by logging, with 12.1% in skid trails and 16.8% in gap clearings, indicating that the forest gap mosaic can be significantly altered even when reduced-impact logging guidelines are followed. Overall, 15% of FCTs inventoried were damaged. Damage rates were not significantly reduced by marking treatment, location in bamboo-dominated forest, or liana load on FCT damage. Harvest intensity did not influence the probability of FCT damage. For future studies, it would be prudent to address impacts of timber extraction on other livelihood activities, such as non-timber forest product collection, particularly in such regions as the Brazilian Amazon, where many communities are attempting to integrate a suite of income-generating activities. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.  
  Address Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA, Email: crockwel@ufl.edu  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0378-1127 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes ISI:000246268100003 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ Serial (up) 217  
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Author Herault, B.; Honnay, O. openurl 
  Title Using life-history traits to achieve a functional classification of habitats Type Journal Article
  Year 2007 Publication Applied Vegetation Science Abbreviated Journal Appl. Veg. Sci.  
  Volume 10 Issue 1 Pages 73-80  
  Keywords forest connectivity; functional group; habitat typology; land-use history; riverine forest; species functional unity  
  Abstract Question: To establish a habitat classification based on functional group co-occurrence that may help the drawing up of conservation plans. Location: Riverine forest fragments in the Grand-duche de Luxembourg, Europe. Methods: Forest fragments were surveyed for their abundance of vascular plants. These were clustered into emergent groups according to 14 life-traits related to plant dispersal, establishment and persistence. Forest fragments were classified according to similar distribution of the identified emergent groups. Environmental factors were related to the emergent group richness in each forest type using generalized linear models. Results: Contrary to former species centred classifications, only two groups of forests, each with clearly different emergent group composition and conservation requirements, were detected: (1) swamp forests characterized by anemogamous perennials, annuals and hydrochorous perennials and (2) moist forests characterized by barochorous perennials, small geophytes and zoochorous phanerophytes. From a conservation point of view, priority should be given to large swamp forest with intact flooding regimes. This is in accordance with the high wind and water dispersal capacities of their typical emergent groups. For the moist forests, conservation priorities should be high forest connectivity and historical continuity since dispersal and establishment of their characteristic emergent groups are highly limited. Conclusions: The described methodology, situated at an intermediate integration level between the individual species and whole community descriptors, takes advantage of both conservation plans built for single species and the synthetic power of broad ecological measures.  
  Address Univ Liege, Dept Environm Sci & Management, B-6700 Arlon, Belgium, Email: bruno.herault@cirad.fr  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher OPULUS PRESS UPPSALA AB Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1402-2001 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes ISI:000245934700009 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ Serial (up) 218  
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Author Parelle, J.; Zapater, M.; Scotti-Saintagne, C.; Kremer, A.; Jolivet, Y.; Dreyer, E.; Brendel, O. openurl 
  Title Quantitative trait loci of tolerance to waterlogging in a European oak (Quercus robur L.): physiological relevance and temporal effect patterns Type Journal Article
  Year 2007 Publication Plant Cell and Environment Abbreviated Journal Plant Cell Environ.  
  Volume 30 Issue 4 Pages 422-434  
  Keywords allelic substitution effect; correlation clustering; epinasty; hypertrophied lenticel; multi-environment model; root hypoxia  
  Abstract Quercus robur L. is a mid-European broadleaved tree species that grows readily on temporary waterlogged soils. An experiment aiming to identify potential markers of tolerance to waterlogging in this species and to assess the degree of genetic control over the corresponding traits was conducted. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) were assessed in an F-1 progeny for responses to waterlogging, and the relevance of the observed traits as markers of tolerance was investigated using a precise description of the time course of their expression. Five significant QTL involved in the response to waterlogging were identified. In particular, QTL were detected for the development of hypertrophied lenticels and for the degree of leaf epinasty, but not for the formation of adventitious roots. A multi-environment QTL model allowed a detailed description of the time course (7 weeks) of the allelic substitution effect of some of these QTL. Correlation clustering identified significant clusters of QTL, at inter-trait as well as at intra-trait level. These clusters suggest the occurrence of a genetically controlled response cascade to waterlogging.  
  Address UHP, UMR 1137, Ctr INRA Nancy, F-54280 Champenoux, France, Email: brendel@nancy.inra.fr  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher BLACKWELL PUBLISHING Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0140-7791 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes ISI:000244419700005 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ Serial (up) 219  
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Author Rockwell, C.; Kainer, K.A.; Marcondes, N.; Baraloto, C. openurl 
  Title Ecological limitations of reduced-impact logging at the smallholder scale Type Journal Article
  Year 2007 Publication Forest Ecology and Management Abbreviated Journal For. Ecol. Manage.  
  Volume 238 Issue 1-3 Pages 365-374  
  Keywords community forest management; forest inventories; liana cutting; sustained yield; timber management; tropical forest conservation  
  Abstract Reduced-impact logging (RIL) has many demonstrated benefits to the industrial logging operations for which they were developed. It is less clear whether these gains remain consistent in smallholder forest systems that increasingly play an important role in global conservation and that target a broader suite of outputs in their management schemes. We evaluate potential ecological consequences of five RIL components (pre-harvest inventories, harvest intensity, cutting cycles, skid trail planning, and liana cutting) when applied to small-scale operations in the Brazilian Amazon and provide suggestions for modifications to RIL guidelines for smallholder systems. Rapid assessment inventories of the entire landholding should be a part of crop tree selection to minimize inbreeding and recruitment failure. Additionally, while community-based taxonomists accurately identify species to common names, botanical samples must be verified with herbarium specimens to avoid market and ecological problems when multiple species share a single common name. We advocate that smallholder managers move beyond an emphasis on RIL guidelines, while still incorporating its basic tenets into practical application. Based on our analysis, this would include evaluating benefits of particular RIL components and assessing potential advantages that smallholders have over industrial operations. We suggest incorporating anthropogenically-generated forest patches of varying sizes and successional stages into a more formalized management system, incorporating and expanding on traditional ecological knowledge acquired over generations, and integrating enrichment plantings and tending of regeneration. (c) 2006 Published by Elsevier B.V.  
  Address Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA, Email: crockwel@ufl.edu  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0378-1127 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes ISI:000243761700033 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ Serial (up) 220  
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Author Bandou, E.; Lebailly, F.; Muller, F.; Dulormne, M.; Toribio, A.; Chabrol, J.; Courtecuisse, R.; Plenchette, C.; Prin, Y.; Duponnois, R.; Thiao, M.; Sylla, S.; Dreyfus, B.; Ba, A.M. openurl 
  Title The ectomycorrhizal fungus Scleroderma bermudense alleviates salt stress in seagrape (Coccoloba uvifera L.) seedlings Type Journal Article
  Year 2006 Publication Mycorrhiza Abbreviated Journal Mycorrhiza  
  Volume 16 Issue 8 Pages 559-565  
  Keywords Coccoloba uvifera; ectomycorrhizal dependency; mineral uptake; salt stress; water status  
  Abstract The purpose of this study was to test the capacity of the ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungus, Scleroderma bermudense, to alleviate saline stress in seagrape (Coccoloba uvifera L.) seedlings. Plants were grown over a range (0, 200, 350 and 500 mM) of NaCl levels for 12 weeks, after 4 weeks of non-saline pre-treatment under greenhouse conditions. Growth and mineral nutrition of the seagrape seedlings were stimulated by S. bermudense regardless of salt stress. Although ECM colonization was reduced with increasing NaCl levels, ECM dependency of seagrape seedlings increased. Tissues of ECM plants had significantly increased concentrations of P and K but lower Na and Cl concentrations than those of non-ECM plants. Higher K concentrations in the leaves of ECM plants suggested a higher osmoregulating capacity of these plants. Moreover, the water status of ECM plants was improved despite their higher evaporative leaf surface. The results suggest that the reduction in Na and Cl uptake together with a concomitant increase in P and K absorption and a higher water status in ECM plants may be important salt-alleviating mechanisms for seagrape seedlings growing in saline soils.  
  Address Univ Antilles Guyane, Fac Sci Exactes & Nat, Lab Biol & Physiol Vegetales, F-97159 Guadeloupe, France, Email: amadou.ba@univ-ag.fr  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher SPRINGER Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0940-6360 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes ISI:000241687200006 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ Serial (up) 221  
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Author Almeras, T.; Yoshida, M.; Okuyama, T. openurl 
  Title The generation of longitudinal maturation stress in wood is not dependent on diurnal changes in diameter of trunk Type Journal Article
  Year 2006 Publication Journal of Wood Science Abbreviated Journal J. Wood Sci.  
  Volume 52 Issue 5 Pages 452-455  
  Keywords maturation stress; growth stress; cell-wall maturation; continuous lighting; diurnal strains  
  Abstract A hypothetical mechanism for the generation of maturation stress in wood was tested experimentally. The hypothesis was that the maturation stress could partly originate in a physical mechanism related to daily changes in water pressure and associated diurnal strains. The matrix of lignin and hemicellulose, deposited in the cell wall during the night, would be put in compression by the effect of water tension during the next day. The cellulose framework, crystallizing during the day, would be put in tension by the decrease in tension at night and subsequent cell-wall swelling. This was tested on young saplings of sugi and beech. Half of the saplings were submitted to continuous lighting, which canceled diurnal strains. Saplings were tilted 40 degrees, and their uprighting movement was measured. The uprighting movement is directly due to the production of reaction wood and the concomitant development of large longitudinal maturation stress. It occurred in the continuously lighted plants at least as much as in control plants. We conclude that the generation of longitudinal maturation stress in tension or compression wood is not directly related to variations in water pressure and diurnal strains.  
  Address Nagoya Univ, Grad Sch Bioagr Sci, Lab Biomat Phys, Chikusa Ku, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan, Email: t_almeras@hotmail.com  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher SPRINGER TOKYO Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1435-0211 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes ISI:000241010600012 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ Serial (up) 222  
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Author Clair, B.; Almeras, T.; Sugiyama, J. openurl 
  Title Compression stress in opposite wood of angiosperms: observations in chestnut, mani and poplar Type Journal Article
  Year 2006 Publication Annals of Forest Science Abbreviated Journal Ann. For. Sci.  
  Volume 63 Issue 5 Pages 507-510  
  Keywords reaction wood; compression wood; tension wood; opposite wood; plant biomechanics; growth stresses; microfibrils angle  
  Abstract In order to face environmental constraints, trees are able to re-orient their axes by controlling the stress level in the newly formed wood layers. Angiosperms and gymnosperms evolved into two distinct mechanisms: the former produce a wood with large tension pre-stress on the upper side of the tilted axis, while the latter produce a wood with large compression pre-stress on the lower side. In both cases, the difference between this stress level and that of the opposite side, in light tension, generates the bending of the axis. However, light values of compression were sometimes measured in the opposite side of angiosperms. By analysing old data on chestnut and mani and new data on poplar, this study shows that these values were not measurement artefacts. This reveals that generating light compression stress in opposite wood contributes to improve the performance of the re-orientation mechanism.  
  Address Kyoto Univ, Res Inst Sustainable Humanosphere, Lab Biomass Morphogenesis & Informat, Uji, Kyoto 6110011, Japan, Email: clair@lmgc.univ-montp2.fr  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher EDP SCIENCES S A Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1286-4560 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes ISI:000240514800008 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ Serial (up) 223  
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