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Author Heu, Katy ; Romoli, Ottavia ; Schonbeck, Johan Claes ; Ajenoe, Rachel ; Epelboin, Yanouk ; Kircher, Verena ; Houel, Emeline ; Estevez, Yannick ; Gendrin, Mathilde doi  openurl
  Title The Effect of Secondary Metabolites Produced by Serratia marcescens on Aedes aegypti and Its Microbiota Type Journal Article
  Year 2021 Publication (up) Frontiers in Microbiology Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 12 Issue Pages 645701  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Serratia marcescens is a bacterial species widely found in the environment, which very efficiently colonizes mosquitoes. In this study, we isolated a red-pigmented S. marcescens strain from our mosquito colony (called S. marcescens VA). This red pigmentation is caused by the production of prodigiosin, a molecule with antibacterial properties. To investigate the role of prodigiosin on mosquito- S. marcescens interactions, we produced two white mutants of S. marcescens VA by random mutagenesis. Whole genome sequencing and chemical analyses suggest that one mutant has a nonsense mutation in the gene encoding prodigiosin synthase, while the other one is deficient in the production of several types of secondary metabolites including prodigiosin and serratamolide. We used our mutants to investigate how S. marcescens secondary metabolites affect the mosquito and its microbiota. Our in vitro tests indicated that S. marcescens VA inhibits the growth of several mosquito microbiota isolates using a combination of prodigiosin and other secondary metabolites, corroborating published data. This strain requires secondary metabolites other than prodigiosin for its proteolytic and hemolytic activities. In the mosquito, we observed that S. marcescens VA is highly virulent to larvae in a prodigiosin-dependent manner, while its virulence on adults is lower and largely depends on other metabolites  
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  Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 1024  
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Author Chanson, Anaïs ; Moreau, Corrie S. ; Duplais, Christophe doi  openurl
  Title Assessing Biosynthetic Gene Cluster Diversity of Specialized Metabolites in the Conserved Gut Symbionts of Herbivorous Turtle Ants Type Journal Article
  Year 2021 Publication (up) Frontiers in Microbiology Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 12 Issue Pages 678100  
  Keywords insect-microbe mutualism, ants, metagemonic, biosynthetic gene cluster, gut bacteria, Cephalotes  
  Abstract Cephalotes are herbivorous ants (>115 species) feeding on low-nitrogen food sources, and they rely on gut symbionts to supplement their diet by recycling nitrogen food waste into amino acids. These conserved gut symbionts, which encompass five bacterial orders, have been studied previously for their primary nitrogen metabolism; however, little is known about their ability to biosynthesize specialized metabolites which can play a role in bacterial interactions between communities living in close proximity in the gut. To evaluate the biosynthetic potential of their gut symbionts, we mine 14 cultured isolate genomes and gut metagenomes across 17 Cephalotes species to explore the biodiversity of biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) producing specialized metabolites. The diversity of BGCs across Cephalotes phylogeny was analyzed using sequence similarity networking and BGC phylogenetic reconstruction. Our results reveal that the conserved gut symbionts involved in the nutritional symbiosis possess 80% of all the 233 BGCs retrieved in this work. Furthermore, the phylogenetic analysis of BGCs reveals different patterns of distribution, suggesting different mechanisms of conservation. A siderophore BGC shows high similarity in a single symbiont across different ant host species, whereas a BGC encoding the production of non-ribosomal peptides (NRPs) found different symbionts within a single host species. Additionally, BGCs were abundant in four of the five bacterial orders of conserved symbionts co-occurring in the hindgut. However, one major symbiont localized alone in the midgut lack BGCs. Because the spatial isolation prevents direct interaction with other symbionts, this result supports the idea that BGCs are maintained in bacteria living in close proximity but are dispensable for an alone-living symbiont. These findings together pave the way for studying the mechanisms of BGC conservation and evolution in gut bacterial genomes associated with Cephalotes. This work also provides a genetic background for further study, aiming to characterize bacterial specialized metabolites and to understand their functional role in multipartite mutualisms between conserved gut symbionts and Cephalotes turtle ants.  
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  Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 1049  
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Author Clair, B.; Déjardin, A.; Pilate, G.; Alméras, T. pdf  url
doi  openurl
  Title Is the G-layer a tertiary cell wall? Type Journal Article
  Year 2018 Publication (up) Frontiers in Plant Science Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 9 Issue Pages 623  
  Keywords Flax; G-layer; Gelatinous layer; Maturation stress; Secondary cell wall; Tension wood; Tertiary cell wall  
  Abstract  
  Address LMGC, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France  
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  Notes Export Date: 31 May 2018 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 805  
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Author Ziegler, C.; Dusenge, M.E.; Nyirambangutse, B.; Zibera, E.; Wallin, G.; Uddling, J. doi  openurl
  Title Contrasting Dependencies of Photosynthetic Capacity on Leaf Nitrogen in Early- and Late-Successional Tropical Montane Tree Species Type Journal Article
  Year 2020 Publication (up) Frontiers in Plant Science Abbreviated Journal Front. Plant Sci.  
  Volume 11 Issue Pages 500479  
  Keywords allocation; early successional; late successional; nitrogen; photosynthesis; tropical montane forests  
  Abstract Differences in photosynthetic capacity among tree species and tree functional types are currently assumed to be largely driven by variation in leaf nutrient content, particularly nitrogen (N). However, recent studies indicate that leaf N content is often a poor predictor of variation in photosynthetic capacity in tropical trees. In this study, we explored the relative importance of area-based total leaf N content (Ntot) and within-leaf N allocation to photosynthetic capacity versus light-harvesting in controlling the variation in photosynthetic capacity (i.e. Vcmax, Jmax) among mature trees of 12 species belonging to either early (ES) or late successional (LS) groups growing in a tropical montane rainforest in Rwanda, Central Africa. Photosynthetic capacity at a common leaf temperature of 25˚C (i.e. maximum rates of Rubisco carboxylation, Vcmax25 and of electron transport, Jmax25) was higher in ES than in LS species (+ 58% and 68% for Vcmax25 and Jmax25, respectively). While Ntot did not significantly differ between successional groups, the photosynthetic dependency on Ntot was markedly different. In ES species, Vcmax25 was strongly and positively related to Ntot but this was not the case in LS species. However, there was no significant trade-off between relative leaf N investments in compounds maximizing photosynthetic capacity versus compounds maximizing light harvesting. Both leaf dark respiration at 25˚C (+ 33%) and, more surprisingly, apparent photosynthetic quantum yield (+ 35%) was higher in ES than in LS species. Moreover, Rd25 was positively related to Ntot for both ES and LS species. Our results imply that efforts to quantify carbon fluxes of tropical montane rainforests would be improved if they considered contrasting within-leaf N allocation and photosynthetic Ntot dependencies between species with different successional strategies. © Copyright © 2020 Ziegler, Dusenge, Nyirambangutse, Zibera, Wallin and Uddling.  
  Address Department of Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada  
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  ISSN 1664462x (Issn) ISBN Medium  
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  Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 953  
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Author Paine, C.E.T.; Stahl, C.; Courtois, E.A.; Patino, S.; Sarmiento, C.; Baraloto, C. openurl 
  Title Functional explanations for variation in bark thickness in tropical rain forest trees Type Journal Article
  Year 2010 Publication (up) Functional Ecology Abbreviated Journal Funct. Ecol.  
  Volume 24 Issue 6 Pages 1202-1210  
  Keywords bark thickness; fire ecology; flexural rigidity; herbivore defence; periderm; rhytidome; trunk respiration  
  Abstract P>1. The complex structure of tree bark reflects its many functions, which include structural support as well as defence against fire, pests and pathogens. Thick bark, however, might limit respiration by the living tissues of the trunk. Nevertheless, little research has addressed community-level variation in bark thickness, and to the best of our knowledge, no one has tested multiple hypotheses to explain variation in bark thickness. 2. We conducted an extensive survey of bark thickness within and among species of trees in the tropical rain forests of French Guiana. Trunk bark thickness increased by 1 center dot 2 mm per 10 cm increase in stem diameter, and varied widely at all taxonomic levels. Mean trunk bark thickness was 4 center dot 5 mm (range: 0 center dot 5-29 mm), which was less that found in two Amazonian rain forests in previous studies. This survey of bark thickness should be of use for forest management since tree survival through fire is strongly predicted by bark thickness. 3. We combined the survey data with multiple datasets to test several functional hypotheses proposed to explain variation in bark thickness. We found bark to provide an average of 10% of the flexural rigidity of tree stems, which was substantially less than that found in the only other study of bark stiffness. Bark thickness was uncorrelated with species' association with fire-prone habitats, suggesting that the influence of fire on bark thickness does not extend into moist Forests. There was also little evidence that bark thickness is affected by its function as a defence against herbivory. Nor was there evidence that thick bark limits trunk respiration. 4. A re-analysis of previously collected anatomical data indicated that variation in rhytidome (non-conducting outer bark) thickness explains much of the variation in overall bark thickness. As rhytidome is primarily involved in protecting the living tissues of the trunk, we suggest that bark thickness is driven mostly by its defensive function. 5. Functional explanations for the variation in bark thickness were not clear-cut. Nevertheless, this study provides a foundation for further investigation of the functional bases of bark in tropical trees.  
  Address [Paine, Charles Eliot Timothy] ENGREF, UMR Ecol Forets Guyane, F-97387 Kourou, France, Email: timothy.paine@ieu.uzh.ch  
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  Publisher WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC Place of Publication Editor  
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  ISSN 0269-8463 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes ISI:000284589400005 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ Serial 15  
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Author Baraloto, C.; Paine, C.E.T.; Patino, S.; Bonal, D.; Herault, B.; Chave, J. openurl 
  Title Functional trait variation and sampling strategies in species-rich plant communities Type Journal Article
  Year 2010 Publication (up) Functional Ecology Abbreviated Journal Funct. Ecol.  
  Volume 24 Issue 1 Pages 208-216  
  Keywords French Guiana; functional diversity; plant traits; specific leaf area; wood density; sampling design; tropical forest  
  Abstract P> Despite considerable interest in the application of plant functional traits to questions of community assembly and ecosystem structure and function, there is no consensus on the appropriateness of sampling designs to obtain plot-level estimates in diverse plant communities. We measured 10 plant functional traits describing leaf and stem morphology and ecophysiology for all trees in nine 1-ha plots in terra firme lowland tropical rain forests of French Guiana (N = 4709). We calculated, by simulation, the mean and variance in trait values for each plot and each trait expected under seven sampling methods and a range of sampling intensities. Simulated sampling methods included a variety of spatial designs, as well as the application of existing data base values to all individuals of a given species. For each trait in each plot, we defined a performance index for each sampling design as the proportion of resampling events that resulted in observed means within 5% of the true plot mean, and observed variance within 20% of the true plot variance. The relative performance of sampling designs was consistent for estimations of means and variances. Data base use had consistently poor performance for most traits across all plots, whereas sampling one individual per species per plot resulted in relatively high performance. We found few differences among different spatial sampling strategies; however, for a given strategy, increased intensity of sampling resulted in markedly improved accuracy in estimates of trait mean and variance. We also calculated the financial cost of each sampling design based on data from our 'every individual per plot' strategy and estimated the sampling and botanical effort required. The relative performance of designs was strongly positively correlated with relative financial cost, suggesting that sampling investment returns are relatively constant. Our results suggest that trait sampling for many objectives in species-rich plant communities may require the considerable effort of sampling at least one individual of each species in each plot, and that investment in complete sampling, though great, may be worthwhile for at least some traits.  
  Address [Baraloto, Christopher; Patino, Sandra; Bonal, Damien] INRA, UMR Ecol Forets Guyane, F-97387 Kourou, French Guiana, Email: chris.baraloto@ecofog.gf  
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  Publisher WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC Place of Publication Editor  
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  Notes ISI:000273455500024 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ Serial 72  
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Author Cereghino, R.; Leroy, C.; Carrias, J.F.; Pelozuelo, L.; Segura, C.; Bosc, C.; Dejean, A.; Corbara, B. openurl 
  Title Ant-plant mutualisms promote functional diversity in phytotelm communities Type Journal Article
  Year 2011 Publication (up) Functional Ecology Abbreviated Journal Funct. Ecol.  
  Volume 25 Issue 5 Pages 954-963  
  Keywords ant gardens; biodiversity; bromeliads; community functions; forest; French Guiana; invertebrates; phytotelmata; two-species mutualism  
  Abstract 1. Our understanding of the contribution of interspecific interactions to functional diversity in nature lags behind our knowledge of spatial and temporal patterns. Although two-species mutualisms are found in all types of ecosystems, the study of their ecological influences on other community members has mostly been limited to third species, while their influence on entire communities remains largely unexplored. 2. We hypothesized that mutualistic interactions between two respective ant species and an epiphyte mediate the biological traits composition of entire invertebrate communities that use the same host plant, thereby affecting food webs and functional diversity at the community level. 3. Aechmea mertensii (Bromeliaceae) is both a phytotelm ('plant-held water') and an ant-garden epiphyte. We sampled 111 bromeliads (111 aquatic invertebrate communities) associated with either the ant Pachycondyla goeldii or Camponotus femoratus. The relationships between ants, bromeliads and invertebrate abundance data were examined using a redundancy analysis. Biological traits information for invertebrates was structured using a fuzzy-coding technique, and a co-inertia analysis between traits and abundance data was used to interpret functional differences in bromeliad ecosystems. 4. The vegetative traits of A. mertensii depended on seed dispersion by C. femoratus and P. goeldii along a gradient of local conditions. The ant partner selected sets of invertebrates with traits that were best adapted to the bromeliads' morphology, and so the composition of the biological traits of invertebrate phytotelm communities depends on the identity of the ant partner. Biological traits suggest a bottom-up control of community structure in C. femoratus-associated phytotelmata and a greater structuring role for predatory invertebrates in P. goeldii-associated plants. 5. This study presents new information showing that two-species mutualisms affect the functional diversity of a much wider range of organisms. Most biological systems form complex networks where nodes (e. g. species) are more or less closely linked to each other, either directly or indirectly, through intermediate nodes. Our observations provide community-level information about biological interactions and functional diversity, and perspectives for further observations intended to examine whether large-scale changes in interacting species/community structure over broad geographical and anthropogenic gradients affect ecosystem functions.  
  Address [Cereghino, R; Pelozuelo, L; Segura, C; Bosc, C] Univ Toulouse, EcoLab, Lab Ecol Fonct & Environm, UMR 5245, F-31062 Toulouse, France, Email: cereghin@cict.fr  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Wiley-Blackwell Place of Publication Editor  
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  Notes WOS:000295132100003 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 341  
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Author Fortunel, C.; Fine, P.V.A.; Baraloto, C. url  openurl
  Title Leaf, stem and root tissue strategies across 758 Neotropical tree species Type Journal Article
  Year 2012 Publication (up) Functional Ecology Abbreviated Journal Funct. Ecol.  
  Volume 26 Issue 5 Pages 1153-1161  
  Keywords French Guiana; Functional trade-offs; Leaf economics; Peru; Plant traits; Tropical forest; Wood economics  
  Abstract 1. Trade-offs among functional traits reveal major plant strategies that can give insight into species distributions and ecosystem processes. However, current identification of plant strategies lacks the integration of root structural traits together with leaf and stem traits. 2. We examined correlations among 14 traits representing leaf, stem and woody root tissues. Traits were measured on 1084 individuals representing 758 Neotropical tree species, across 13 sites representative of the environmental variation encompassed by three widespread habitats (seasonally flooded, clay terra firme and white-sand forests) at opposite ends of Amazonia (French Guiana and Peru). 3. Woody root traits were closely aligned with stem traits, but not with leaf traits. Altogether leaf, stem and woody root traits delineated two orthogonal axes of functional trade-offs: a first axis defined by leaf traits, corresponding to a 'leaf economics spectrum', and a second axis defined by covarying stem and woody root traits, corresponding to a 'wood economics spectrum'. These axes remained consistent when accounting for species evolutionary history with phylogenetically independent contrasts. 4. Despite the strong species turnover across sites, the covariation among root and stem structural traits as well as their orthogonality to leaf traits were strongly consistent across habitats and regions. 5. We conclude that root structural traits mirrored stem traits rather than leaf traits in Neotropical trees. Leaf and wood traits define an integrated whole-plant strategy in lowland South American forests that may contribute to a more complete understanding of plant responses to global changes in both correlative and modelling approaches. We suggest further meta-analyses in expanded environmental and geographic zones to determine the generality of this pattern. © 2012 The Authors. Functional Ecology © 2012 British Ecological Society.  
  Address Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, United States  
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  Notes Export Date: 10 October 2012; Source: Scopus; Coden: Fecoe; doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2435.2012.02020.x; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Fortunel, C.; INRA, UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane, BP 709, 97387 Kourou Cedex, France; email: claire.fortunel@ecofog.gf Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 440  
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Author Chartier, M.; Pélozuelo, L.; Buatois, B.; Bessière, J.-M.; Gibernau, M. url  openurl
  Title Geographical variations of odour and pollinators, and test for local adaptation by reciprocal transplant of two European Arum species Type Journal Article
  Year 2013 Publication (up) Functional Ecology Abbreviated Journal Funct. Ecol.  
  Volume 27 Issue 6 Pages 1367-1381  
  Keywords Deception; Diptera; Floral scent; Geographical mosaic; Psychodidae; Sapromyophily; Transplant experiment  
  Abstract Interactions between entomophilous plants and their pollinators are one of the major factors shaping the evolution of floral features. As species are distributed in more or less connected populations, they have evolved in a geographical mosaic of co-evolution were the outcome of the plant-pollinator interaction is likely to vary as a result of local adaptations. Arum italicum and Arum maculatum are two species of Araceae which deceive their fly pollinators by mimicking the odour of their oviposition sites. Whereas A. italicum is known to be pollinated by flies belonging to different families (i.e. opportunist), A. maculatum relies on only two pollinating species of the family Psychodidae throughout its European repartition area (i.e. specialist). The interannual and geographical variations of pollinators and pollinator-attractive odours were described in several populations of the two species over two consecutive years. Furthermore, local adaptation to pollinators was tested by transplanting inflorescence-bearing plants between two different sites and by recording the number and composition of the insect fauna trapped inside the inflorescences during anthesis as a measure of a fitness component. Pollinators and pollinator-attractive odours of the two Arum species varied in time and space, but there was no clear odour structure between populations. When transplanted, inflorescences of both species trapped the same composition and number of insects as native inflorescences at a given site; this indicates that pollinator composition is highly dependent on the local availability of insects. No pattern of local adaptation was found for these two species, but local pollination conditions were shown to strongly affect the degree of geographical variations of these interactions. The lack of a clear odour geographical structure might be due to high gene flow or to similar selective pressures exerted by pollinators, and the high interindividual odour variation may be linked to the deceptive strategy adopted by the two plant species. © 2013 British Ecological Society.  
  Address Center for Functional and Evolutive Ecology, Université Montpellier 2, 1919 route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France  
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  Notes Export Date: 29 November 2013; Source: Scopus; Coden: Fecoe; doi: 10.1111/1365-2435.12122; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Gibernau, M.; Joint Research Unit Ecology of Guiana Forests, CNRS-UMR 8172, Campus agronomique, BP 316, Kourou cedex, 97379, France; email: marc.gibernau@ecofog.gf; References: Ackerman, J.D., Cuevas, A.A., Hof, D., Are deception-pollinated species more variable than those offering a reward? (2011) Plant Systematics and Evolution, 293, pp. 91-99; Ackerman, J.D., Meléndez-Ackerman, E.J., Salguero-Faria, J., Variation in pollinator abundance and selection on fragrance phenotypes in an epiphytic orchid (1997) American Journal of Botany, 84, pp. 1383-1390; Adams, R.P., (2007) Identification of Essential Oil Components by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectroscopy, , 4th edn. Allured Publishing, Carol Stream; Albre, J., Gibernau, M., Reproductive biology of Arum italicum (Araceae) in the South of France (2008) Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 156, pp. 43-49; Albre, J., Quilichini, A., Gibernau, M., Pollination ecology of Arum italicum (Araceae) (2003) Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 141, pp. 205-214; Anderson, M.J., A new method for non-parametric multivariate analysis of variance (2001) Austral Ecology, 26, pp. 32-46; Anderson, B., Johnson, S.F., The geographic mosaic of coevolution in a plant-pollinator mutualism (2007) Evolution, 62, pp. 220-225; Angert, A.L., Bradshaw, H.D., Schemske, D.W., Using experimental evolution to investigate geographic range limits in monkey flowers (2008) Evolution, 62, pp. 2660-2675; Ayasse, M., Schiestl, F.P., Paulus, H.F., Löfstedt, C., Hannson, B., Ibarra, F., Francke, W., Evolution of reproductive strategies in the sexually deceptive orchid Ophrys sphegodes: how does flower-specific variation of odor signals influence reproductive success? (2000) Evolution, 54, pp. 1995-2006; Blionis, G.J., Vokou, D., Structural and functional divergence of Campanula spatulata subspecies on Mt Olympos (Greece) (2002) Plant Systematics and Evolution, 232, pp. 89-105; Boyce, P.C., Arum – a decade of change (2006) Aroideana, 29, pp. 132-137; Bradshaw, H.D., Schemske, D.W., Allele substitution at a flower colour locus produces a pollinator shift in monkeyflowers (2003) Nature, 426, pp. 176-178; Brown, M., Downs, C.T., Johnson, S.D., Covariation of flower traits and bird pollinator assemblages among pollinations of Kniphofia linearifolia (Asphodelaceae) (2011) Plant Systematics and Evolution, 294, pp. 199-206; Campbell, D.R., Natural selection in Ipomopsis hybrid zones: implications for ecological speciation (2003) New Phytologist, 161, pp. 83-90; Chartier, M., Pelozuelo, L., Gibernau, M., Do floral odor profiles geographically vary with the degree of specificity for pollinators? Investigation in two sapromyophilous Arum species (Araceae) (2011) Annales de la Société Entomologique de France, 47, pp. 71-77; Cosacov, A., Nattero, J., Cocucci, A.A., Variation of pollinator assemblages and pollen limitation in a locally specialized system: the oil-producing Nierembergia liariifolia (Solanaceae) (2008) Annals of Botany, 102, pp. 723-734; Diaz, A., Kite, G.C., A comparison of the pollination ecology of Arum maculatum and A. italicum in England (2002) Watsonia, 24, pp. 171-181; Dormont, L., Jay-Robert, P., Bessière, J.-M., Rapior, S., Lumaret, J.-P., Innate olfactory preferences in dung beetles (2010) The Journal of Experimental Biology, 213, pp. 3177-3185; Dötterl, S., Wolfe, L.M., Jürgens, A., Qualitative and quantitative analyses of flower scent in Silene latifolia (2005) Phytochemistry, 66, pp. 203-213; Elle, E., Carney, R., Reproductive assurance varies with flower size in Collinsia parviflora (Scrophulariaceae) (2003) American Journal of Botany, 90, pp. 888-896; Ellis, A.G., Johnson, S.D., The evolution of floral variation without pollinator shifts in Gorteria diffusa (Asteraceae) (2009) American Journal of Botany, 96, pp. 793-801; Espìndola, A., Pellissier, L., Alvarez, N., Variation in the proportion of flore visitors of Arum maculatum along its distributional range in relation with community-based climatic niche analyses (2011) Oikos, 120, pp. 728-734; Faegri, K., Van Der Pijl, L., (1971) The Principles of Pollination Ecology, , Pergamon Press, Oxford; Fenster, C.B., Armbruster, W.S., Wilson, P., Dudash, M.R., Thomson, J.D., Pollination syndromes and floral specialization (2004) Annual Reviews of Ecology, Evolution and Systematics, 35, pp. 375-403; Geber, M.A., Eckhart, V.M., Experimental studies of adaptation in Clarkia xantiana. II. Fitness variation across a subspecies border (2005) Evolution, 59, pp. 521-531; Geber, M.A., Moeller, D.A., Pollinator responses to plant communities and implications for reproductive character evolution (2006) Ecology and Evolution of Flowers, pp. 102-119. , eds L.D. Harder & S.C.H. Barrett. Oxford University Press, Oxford; Gibernau, M., (1997), Odeurs et spécificité dans les mutualismes figuier pollinisateur: Le cas de Ficus carica L. et de Blastophaga psenes L. PhD thesis, University of Montpellier, MontpellierGibernau, M., Macquart, D., Przetak, G., Pollination in the genus Arum – a review (2004) Aroideana, 27, pp. 148-166; Gomez, J.M., Bosh, J., Perfectti, F., Fernández, J.D., Abdelaziz, M., Camacho, J.P.M., Spatial variation in selection on corolla shape in a generalist plant is promoted by the preference patterns of its local pollinators (2008) Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 275, pp. 2241-2249; Gomez, J.M., Abdelaziz, M., Camacho, J.P.M., Munoz-Pajares, A.J., Perfectti, F., Local adaptation and maladaptation to pollinators in a generalist geographic mosaic (2009) Ecology Letters, 12, pp. 672-682; Gould, S.J., Johnston, R.F., Geographic variation (1972) Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, 3, pp. 457-498; Hentrich, H., Kaiser, R., Gottsberger, G., Floral biology and reproductive isolation by floral scent in three sympatric Aroid species in French Guyana (2010) Plant Biology, 12, pp. 587-596; Herrera, C.M., Castellanos, M.C., Medrano, M., Geographical context of floral evolution: towards an improved research programme in floral diversification (2006) Ecology and Evolution of Flowers, pp. 278-294. , eds L.D. 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Diptera: Psychodidae (1989) Dipterist Digest, 4, pp. 1-83 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 511  
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Author Fanin, N.; Hättenschwiler, S.; Schimann, H.; Fromin, N. url  openurl
  Title Interactive effects of C, N and P fertilization on soil microbial community structure and function in an Amazonian rain forest Type Journal Article
  Year 2015 Publication (up) Functional Ecology Abbreviated Journal Funct. Ecol.  
  Volume 29 Issue 1 Pages 140-150  
  Keywords Ecosystem functioning; Functional significance; Microbial community structure; Multiple resource limitation; Phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA); Phosphorus; Soil functioning; Tropical forest  
  Abstract Resource control over abundance, structure and functional diversity of soil microbial communities is a key determinant of soil processes and related ecosystem functioning. Copiotrophic organisms tend to be found in environments which are rich in nutrients, particularly carbon, in contrast to oligotrophs, which survive in much lower carbon concentrations. We hypothesized that microbial biomass, activity and community structure in nutrient-poor soils of an Amazonian rain forest are limited by multiple elements in interaction. We tested this hypothesis with a fertilization experiment by adding C (as cellulose), N (as urea) and P (as phosphate) in all possible combinations to a total of 40 plots of an undisturbed tropical forest in French Guiana. After 2 years of fertilization, we measured a 47% higher biomass, a 21% increase in substrate-induced respiration rate and a 5-fold higher rate of decomposition of cellulose paper discs of soil microbial communities that grew in P-fertilized plots compared to plots without P fertilization. These responses were amplified with a simultaneous C fertilization suggesting P and C colimitation of soil micro-organisms at our study site. Moreover, P fertilization modified microbial community structure (PLFAs) to a more copiotrophic bacterial community indicated by a significant decrease in the Gram-positive : Gram-negative ratio. The Fungi : Bacteria ratio increased in N fertilized plots, suggesting that fungi are relatively more limited by N than bacteria. Changes in microbial community structure did not affect rates of general processes such as glucose mineralization and cellulose paper decomposition. In contrast, community level physiological profiles under P fertilization combined with either C or N fertilization or both differed strongly from all other treatments, indicating functionally different microbial communities. While P appears to be the most critical from the three major elements we manipulated, the strongest effects were observed in combination with either supplementary C or N addition in support of multiple element control on soil microbial functioning and community structure. We conclude that the soil microbial community in the studied tropical rain forest and the processes it drives is finely tuned by the relative availability in C, N and P. Any shifts in the relative abundance of these key elements may affect spatial and temporal heterogeneity in microbial community structure, their associated functions and the dynamics of C and nutrients in tropical ecosystems.  
  Address INRA, UMR 614 Fractionnement des AgroRessources et Environnement, 2 esplanade Roland GarrosReims, France  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Export Date: 4 February 2015 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 583  
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