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De Deurwaerder, H.; Hervé-Fernández, P.; Stahl, C.; Burban, B.; Petronelli, P.; Hoffman, B.; Bonal, D.; Boeckx, P.; Verbeeck, H. |
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Title |
Liana and tree below-ground water competition – evidence for water resource partitioning during the dry season |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication  |
Tree Physiology |
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38 |
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7 |
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1071-1083 |
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To date, reasons for the increase in liana abundance and biomass in the Neotropics are still unclear. One proposed hypothesis suggests that lianas, in comparison with trees, are more adaptable to drought conditions. Moreover, previous studies have assumed that lianas have a deeper root system, which provides access to deeper soil layers, thereby making them less susceptible to drought stress. The dual stable water isotope approach (δ18O and δ2H) enables below-ground vegetation competition for water to be studied. Based on the occurrence of a natural gradient in soil water isotopic signatures, with enriched signatures in shallow soil relative to deep soil, the origin of vegetation water sources can be derived. Our study was performed on canopy trees and lianas reaching canopy level in tropical forests of French Guiana. Our results show liana xylem water isotopic signatures to be enriched in heavy isotopes in comparison with those from trees, indicating differences in water source depths and a more superficial root activity for lianas during the dry season. This enables them to efficiently capture dry season precipitation. Our study does not support the liana deep root water extraction hypothesis. Additionally, we provide new insights into water competition between tropical canopy lianas and trees. Results suggest that this competition is mitigated during the dry season due to water resource partitioning. |
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0829-318x |
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10.1093/treephys/tpy002 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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848 |
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Levionnois, S.; Coste, S.; Nicolini, E.; Stahl, C.; Morel, H.; Heuret, P. |
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Title |
Scaling of petiole anatomies, mechanics and vasculatures with leaf size in the widespread Neotropical pioneer tree species Cecropia obtusa Trécul (Urticaceae) |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Tree physiology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Tree Physiol. |
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Volume |
40 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
245-258 |
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allometry; leaf size; petiole anatomy; scaling; theoretical hydraulic conductivity; vessel widening; xylem |
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Although the leaf economic spectrum has deepened our understanding of leaf trait variability, little is known about how leaf traits scale with leaf area. This uncertainty has resulted in the assumption that leaf traits should vary by keeping the same pace of variation with increases in leaf area across the leaf size range. We evaluated the scaling of morphological, tissue-surface and vascular traits with overall leaf area, and the functional significance of such scaling. We examined 1,271 leaves for morphological traits, and 124 leaves for anatomical and hydraulic traits, from 38 trees of Cecropia obtusa Trécul (Urticaceae) in French Guiana. Cecropia is a Neotropical genus of pioneer trees that can exhibit large laminas (0.4 m2 for C. obtusa), with leaf size ranging by two orders of magnitude. We measured (i) tissue fractions within petioles and their second moment of area, (ii) theoretical xylem hydraulic efficiency of petioles and (iii) the extent of leaf vessel widening within the hydraulic path. We found that different scaling of morphological trait variability allows for optimisation of lamina display among larger leaves, especially the positive allometric relationship between lamina area and petiole cross-sectional area. Increasing the fraction of pith is a key factor that increases the geometrical effect of supportive tissues on mechanical rigidity and thereby increases carbon-use efficiency. We found that increasing xylem hydraulic efficiency with vessel size results in lower leaf lamina area: xylem ratios, which also results in potential carbon savings for large leaves. We found that the vessel widening is consistent with hydraulic optimisation models. Leaf size variability modifies scaling of leaf traits in this large-leaved species. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permission@oup.com. |
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UMR AMAP, CIRAD, CNRS, IRD, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, 34398, France |
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NLM (Medline) |
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17584469 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 16 March 2020 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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921 |
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Ntawuhiganayo, E.B.; Uwizeye, F.K.; Zibera, E.; Dusenge, M.E.; Ziegler, C.; Ntirugulirwa, B.; Nsabimana, D.; Wallin, G.; Uddling, J. |
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Title |
Traits controlling shade tolerance in tropical montane trees |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Tree physiology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Tree Physiol. |
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40 |
Issue |
2 |
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183-197 |
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Keywords |
biomass allocation; leaf temperature; plant traits; Rwanda; shade intolerance; shade tolerance; tropical montane forest; article; biomass allocation; breathing; canopy; carbon balance; compensation; photosynthesis; plant leaf; plant stem; rain forest; Rwanda; shade tolerance; species difference; sweating |
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Tropical canopies are complex, with multiple canopy layers and pronounced gap dynamics contributing to their high species diversity and productivity. An important reason for this complexity is the large variation in shade tolerance among different tree species. At present, we lack a clear understanding of which plant traits control this variation, e.g., regarding the relative contributions of whole-plant versus leaf traits or structural versus physiological traits. We investigated a broad range of traits in six tropical montane rainforest tree species with different degrees of shade tolerance, grown under three different radiation regimes (under the open sky or beneath sparse or dense canopies). The two distinct shade-tolerant species had higher fractional biomass in leaves and branches while shade-intolerant species invested more into stems, and these differences were greater under low radiation. Leaf respiration and photosynthetic light compensation point did not vary with species shade tolerance, regardless of radiation regime. Leaf temperatures in open plots were markedly higher in shade-tolerant species due to their low transpiration rates and large leaf sizes. Our results suggest that interspecific variation in shade tolerance of tropical montane trees is controlled by species differences in whole-plant biomass allocation strategy rather than by difference in physiological leaf traits determining leaf carbon balance at low radiation. © The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press. |
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Rwanda Agriculture and Animal Resources Development, PO Box 5016Kigali, Rwanda |
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NLM (Medline) |
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17584469 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 16 March 2020 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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922 |
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Porth, I.; Scotti-Saintagne, C.; Barreneche, T.; Kremer, A.; Burg, K. |
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Title |
Linkage mapping of osmotic stress induced genes of oak |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2005 |
Publication |
Tree Genetics and Genomes |
Abbreviated Journal |
Tree Genet. Genomes |
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1 |
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1 |
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31-40 |
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Est; Linkage map; Oak; Osmotic stress; Quercus ssp.; Fagaceae; Quercus; Quercus petraea; Quercus robur |
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Abstract |
Water stress affecting long-lived trees is an important challenge in forestry. Due to global climate change, forest trees will be threatened by extreme conditions like flooding or drought. It is necessary to understand differences in stress tolerance within certain species and to investigate putative relations on genomic level. In this study, osmotic stress induced genes of Quercus ssp. were positioned on two genetic linkage maps of oak. An intra-specific cross 3P*A4 of Quercus robur consisting of 88 offspring and an inter-specific cross 11P*QS29 of Q. robur and Q. petraea comprising 72 full-sibs were analyzed for the inheritance of 14 loci represented by 34 individual single nucleotide polymorphisms. Seven genes in the intra-cross, as well as other six genes in the inter-cross could be mapped and one gene could not be localised due to the severe distortion of the segregation. The collection of expressed sequences involved ribosomal proteins, members of the oxylase/oxygenase gene family, betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase, Dc3 promoter-binding factor, a putative member of the nodulin family, glutathione-S-transferase and proteins with unknown functions. In the inter-cross, two linked markers exhibited 89% deficiency of heterozygosity. Thirteen genes were positioned on ten different oak chromosomes and can serve as orthologous markers in comparative mapping studies within Fagaceae. © Springer-Verlag 2005. |
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INRA BIOGECO, 69 Route d'Arcachon, 33612 Cestas, France |
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16142942 (Issn) |
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Cited By (since 1996): 9; Export Date: 22 October 2011; Source: Scopus; doi: 10.1007/s11295-005-0005-1; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Burg, K.; Division of Biogenetics and Natural Resources, Austrian Research Center Seibersdorf, 2444 Seibersdorf, Austria; email: kornel.burg@arcs.ac.at |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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357 |
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Lalague, H.; Csilléry, K.; Oddou-Muratorio, S.; Safrana, J.; de Quattro, C.; Fady, B.; González-Martínez, S.C.; Vendramin, G.G. |
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Title |
Nucleotide diversity and linkage disequilibrium at 58 stress response and phenology candidate genes in a European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) population from southeastern France |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Tree Genetics and Genomes |
Abbreviated Journal |
Tree Genetics and Genomes |
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10 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
15-26 |
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Climate adaptation; Effective population size; Forest tree; Genomic diversity; Minor allele frequency (MAF); Recombination rate; Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) |
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European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) is one of the most economically and ecologically important deciduous trees in Europe, yet little is known about its genomic diversity and its adaptive potential. Here, we detail the discovery and analysis of 573 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 58 candidate gene fragments that are potentially involved in abiotic stress response and budburst phenology using a panel of 96 individuals from southeastern France. The mean nucleotide diversity was low (θ π = 2.2 × 10-3) but extremely variable among gene fragments (range from 0.02 to 10), with genes carrying insertion/deletion mutations exhibiting significantly higher diversity. The decay of linkage disequilibrium (LD) measured at gene fragments >800 base pairs was moderate (the half distance of r 2 was 154 bp), consistent with the low average population-scaled recombination rate (ρ = 5.4 × 10-3). Overall, the population-scaled recombination rate estimated in F. sylvatica was lower than for other angiosperm tree genera (such as Quercus or Populus) and similar to conifers. As a methodological perspective, we explored the effect of minimum allele frequency (MAF) on LD and showed that higher MAF resulted in slower decay of LD. It is thus essential that the same MAF is used when comparing the decay of LD among different studies and species. Our results suggest that genome-wide association mapping can be a potentially efficient approach in F. sylvatica, which has a relatively small genome size. © 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. |
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Department of Forest Ecology and Genetics, National Institute for Agriculture and Food Research and Technology (INIA), Forest Research Centre (CIFOR), 28040 Madrid, Spain |
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Cited By :1; Export Date: 13 January 2015 |
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no |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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578 |
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Scotti, I.; Calvo-Vialettes, L.; Scotti-Saintagne, C.; Citterio, M.; Degen, B.; Bonal, D. |
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Title |
Genetic variation for growth, morphological, and physiological traits in a wild population of the Neotropical shade tolerant rainforest tree Sextonia rubra (Mez) van der Werff (Lauraceae) |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Tree Genetics & Genomes |
Abbreviated Journal |
Tree Genet. Genomes |
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6 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
319-329 |
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Ecophysiological traits; Heritability; Guiana shield; Amazon; Ecological genetics |
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Abstract |
Quantitative genetic diversity is a fundamental component of the interaction between natural populations and their environment. In breeding programmes, quantitative genetic studies on tropical trees have so far focused on fast-growing, light-demanding species, but no information exists on shade-tolerant, slow-growing species. For this study, 27 3-year-old open-pollinated families of the Neotropical shade-tolerant rainforest tree Sextonia rubra were measured in semicontrolled conditions for 20 morphological, growth, and photosynthesis traits; the effect of genetic relatedness, habitat of provenance, and mother tree status on seedling traits was analysed. Nine traits displayed significant genetic effects, while mother tree status and habitat effects were not significant (P > 0.05) for an y trait. Estimated heritability varied between 0.14 and 0.28, with growth-related traits having the highest values. Additive genetic variation correlated positively with nonheritable variation, suggesting that ecological-evolutionary factors increasing or decreasing additive genetic variance may also affect nonheritable variation in the same direction. Our results suggest that quantitative genetic variability should be taken into account in ecological studies on, and in the management of, natural tropical rainforests; further research is needed to investigate genetic x environment interactions, in particular from the point of view of the genetic response of shade-tolerant plant species to variations in light availability. |
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[Scotti, Ivan; Scotti-Saintagne, Caroline; Bonal, Damien] INRA, Unite Mixte Rech Ecol Forets Guyane, Kourou 97387, French Guiana, Email: ivan.scotti@ecofog.gf |
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SPRINGER HEIDELBERG |
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1614-2942 |
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ISI:000274112600015 |
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no |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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68 |
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Brendel, O.; Le Thiec, D.; Scotti-Saintagne, C.; Bodenes, C.; Kremer, A.; Guehl, J.M. |
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Title |
Quantitative trait loci controlling water use efficiency and related traits in Quercus robur L |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Tree Genetics & Genomes |
Abbreviated Journal |
Tree Genet. Genomes |
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Volume |
4 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
263-278 |
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Keywords |
Quercus robur; carbon isotope composition; delta C-13; water use efficiency; QTL |
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Abstract |
Genetic variation for intrinsic water use efficiency (W-i) and related traits was estimated in a full-sib family of Quercus robur L. over 3 years. The genetic linkage map available for this F1 family was used to locate quantitative trait loci (QTL) for W-i, as estimated by leaf carbon stable isotope composition (delta C-13) or the ratio of net CO2 assimilation rate (A) to stomatal conductance to water vapour (g(w)) and related leaf traits. Gas exchange measurements were used to standardize estimates of A and g(w) and to model the sensitivity of gw to leaf-to-air vapour pressure deficit (sg(VPD)). delta C-13 varied by more than 3% among the siblings, which is equivalent to 40% variation of W-i. Most of the studied traits exhibited high clonal mean repeat-abilities (> 50%; proportion of clonal mean variability in global variance). Repeatabilities for delta C-13, leaf mass per area (LMA) and leaf nitrogen content were higher than 70%. For delta C-13, ten QTLs were detected, one of which was detected repeatedly for all 3 years and consistently explained more than 20% of measured variance. Four genomic regions were found in which co-localizing traits linked variation in W-i to variations in leaf chlorophyll and nitrogen content, LMA and sg(VPD). A positive correlation using clonal means between delta C-13 and A/g(w), as well as a co-localisation of QTL detected for both traits, can be seen as validation of the theoretical model linking the genetic architecture of these two traits. |
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[Brendel, Oliver; Le Thiec, Didier; Guehl, Jean-Marc] Ctr INRA Nancy, UMR INRA UHP 1137, F-54280 Seichamps, France, Email: brendel@nancy.inra.fr |
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SPRINGER HEIDELBERG |
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1614-2942 |
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ISI:000253091100013 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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143 |
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Scotti, I.; Burelli, A.; Cattonaro, F.; Chagne, D.; Fuller, J.; Hedley, P.E.; Jansson, G.; Lalanne, C.; Madur, D.; Neale, D.; Plomion, C.; Powell, W.; Troggio, M.; Morgante, M. |
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Title |
Analysis of the distribution of marker classes in a genetic linkage map: a case study in Norway spruce (Picea abies karst) |
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Journal Article |
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2005 |
Publication |
Tree Genetics & Genomes |
Abbreviated Journal |
Tree Genet. Genomes |
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Volume |
1 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
93-102 |
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Picea abies; conifers; linkage map; genome structure; molecular markers; autocorrelation |
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Abstract |
In order to analyze the large-scale structure of the genome of Norway spruce (Picea abies Karst.), a pseudo-testcross genetic linkage map was built using markers of six different types, belonging to the low (amplified fragment length polymorphisms, simple sequence repeats) or high (sequence-specific amplified polymorphisms, inter-retrotransposon amplified polymorphisms) copy-number fraction of the genome, and including expressed region-derived markers (expressed sequence tag polymorphisms). Twenty seven and 23 linkage groups of at least four markers were obtained for the female and the male parent maps, respectively. A subset of these linkage groups coalesced into 13 bi-parental linkage groups through markers shared between the two maps. This map was used to investigate the frequency of each marker type over chromosomes and the distribution of marker types relative to each other, using autocorrelation techniques. Our results show that, while the composition of chromosomes is homogeneous, low- and high-copy-number markers tend to occupy separate regions of the linkage groups, and that expressed sequences are preferentially associated with microsatellites and separated from retrotranspo sons. These results indicate that the spatial structure of Norway spruce chromosomes is not homogeneous. |
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INRA, UMR ECOFOG, Kourou 97387, French Guiana, Email: ivan.scotti@kourou.cirad.fr |
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SPRINGER HEIDELBERG |
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1614-2942 |
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ISI:000244896200002 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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167 |
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Chevolot, M.; Louisanna, E.; Azri, W.; Leblanc-Fournier, N.; Roeckel-Drevet, P.; Scotti-Saintagne, C.; Scotti, I. |
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Title |
Isolation of primers for candidate genes for mechano-sensing in five Neotropical tree species |
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Journal Article |
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2011 |
Publication |
Tree Genetics & Genomes |
Abbreviated Journal |
Tree Genet. Genomes |
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Volume |
7 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
655-661 |
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Population genomics; Functional gene; Mechanical signals; Fabaceae |
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Abstract |
Mechanical signals have an impact on plant development. Tropical rainforest trees display large variability for life-history traits related to biomechanics and therefore are a unique study system to better understand biomechanical trait variability from an evolutionary perspective. From sequences and gene expression data available in model species, we developed specific primers for six candidate genes for mechano-sensing in five tropical species. Most of the gene sequences were polymorphic in most species. |
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[Chevolot, Malia; Louisanna, Eliane; Scotti-Saintagne, Caroline; Scotti, Ivan] INRA, Unite Mixte Rech Ecol Forets Guyane, Kourou 97310, French Guiana, Email: ivan.scotti@ecofog.gf |
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Springer Heidelberg |
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1614-2942 |
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ISI:000290571900018 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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315 |
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Do, N.A.; Dias, D.; Zhang, Z.; Huang, X.; Nguyen, T.T.; Pham, V.V.; Nait-Rabah, O. |
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Title |
Study on the behavior of squared and sub-rectangular tunnels using the Hyperstatic Reaction Method |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Transportation Geotechnics |
Abbreviated Journal |
Transp. Geotech. |
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Volume |
22 |
Issue |
100321 |
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Finite element method; Lining; Squared shape; Sub-rectangular shape; Tunnel; efficiency measurement; finite element method; numerical model; transportation development; transportation planning; tunnel design; tunnel lining |
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Saint-Petersburg Mining University, Russian Federation |
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Publisher |
Elsevier Ltd |
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Original Title |
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Series Volume |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
22143912 (Issn) |
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Conference |
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Notes |
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Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
915 |
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