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Leba, L.-J.; Musset, L.; Pelleau, S.; Estevez, Y.; Birer, C.; Briolant, S.; Witkowski, B.; Ménard, D.; Delves, M.J.; Legrand, E.; Duplais, C.; Popovici, J. |
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Use of Plasmodium falciparum culture-adapted field isolates for in vitro exflagellation-blocking assay |
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Journal Article |
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2015 |
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Malaria Journal |
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Malaria Journal |
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14 |
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234 |
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Background: A major requirement for malaria elimination is the development of transmission-blocking interventions. In vitro transmission-blocking bioassays currently mostly rely on the use of very few Plasmodium falciparum reference laboratory strains isolated decades ago. To fill a piece of the gap between laboratory experimental models and natural systems, the purpose of this work was to determine if culture-adapted field isolates of P. falciparum are suitable for in vitro transmission-blocking bioassays targeting functional maturity of male gametocytes: exflagellation. Methods: Plasmodium falciparum isolates were adapted to in vitro culture before being used for in vitro gametocyte production. Maturation was assessed by microscopic observation of gametocyte morphology over time of culture and the functional viability of male gametocytes was assessed by microscopic counting of exflagellating gametocytes. Suitability for in vitro exflagellation-blocking bioassays was determined using dihydroartemisinin and methylene blue. Results: In vitro gametocyte production was achieved using two isolates from French Guiana and two isolates from Cambodia. Functional maturity of male gametocytes was assessed by exflagellation observations and all four isolates could be used in exflagellation-blocking bioassays with adequate response to methylene blue and dihydroartemisinin. Conclusion: This work shows that in vitro culture-adapted P. falciparum field isolates of different genetic background, from South America and Southeast Asia, can successfully be used for bioassays targeting the male gametocyte to gamete transition, exflagellation. © 2015 Leba et al. |
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Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom |
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Export Date: 16 July 2015 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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612 |
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Lehnebach, R.; Beyer, R.; Letort, V.; Heuret, P. |
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Corrigendum: The pipe model theory half a century on: A review (Annals of Botany DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcx194) |
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2018 |
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Annals of Botany |
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Annals of Botany |
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121 |
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7 |
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1427 |
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There was an error in the affiliations of Véronique Letort. The correct affiliation is Laboratory of Mathematics in Interaction with Computer Science (MICS), CentraleSupélec, France The online paper has been corrected. |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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810 |
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Levionnois, S.; Coste, S.; Nicolini, E.; Stahl, C.; Morel, H.; Heuret, P. |
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Scaling of petiole anatomies, mechanics and vasculatures with leaf size in the widespread Neotropical pioneer tree species Cecropia obtusa Trécul (Urticaceae) |
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Journal Article |
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2020 |
Publication |
Tree physiology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Tree Physiol. |
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40 |
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2 |
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245-258 |
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allometry; leaf size; petiole anatomy; scaling; theoretical hydraulic conductivity; vessel widening; xylem |
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Although the leaf economic spectrum has deepened our understanding of leaf trait variability, little is known about how leaf traits scale with leaf area. This uncertainty has resulted in the assumption that leaf traits should vary by keeping the same pace of variation with increases in leaf area across the leaf size range. We evaluated the scaling of morphological, tissue-surface and vascular traits with overall leaf area, and the functional significance of such scaling. We examined 1,271 leaves for morphological traits, and 124 leaves for anatomical and hydraulic traits, from 38 trees of Cecropia obtusa Trécul (Urticaceae) in French Guiana. Cecropia is a Neotropical genus of pioneer trees that can exhibit large laminas (0.4 m2 for C. obtusa), with leaf size ranging by two orders of magnitude. We measured (i) tissue fractions within petioles and their second moment of area, (ii) theoretical xylem hydraulic efficiency of petioles and (iii) the extent of leaf vessel widening within the hydraulic path. We found that different scaling of morphological trait variability allows for optimisation of lamina display among larger leaves, especially the positive allometric relationship between lamina area and petiole cross-sectional area. Increasing the fraction of pith is a key factor that increases the geometrical effect of supportive tissues on mechanical rigidity and thereby increases carbon-use efficiency. We found that increasing xylem hydraulic efficiency with vessel size results in lower leaf lamina area: xylem ratios, which also results in potential carbon savings for large leaves. We found that the vessel widening is consistent with hydraulic optimisation models. Leaf size variability modifies scaling of leaf traits in this large-leaved species. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permission@oup.com. |
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UMR AMAP, CIRAD, CNRS, IRD, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, 34398, France |
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NLM (Medline) |
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17584469 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 16 March 2020 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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921 |
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Ntawuhiganayo, E.B.; Uwizeye, F.K.; Zibera, E.; Dusenge, M.E.; Ziegler, C.; Ntirugulirwa, B.; Nsabimana, D.; Wallin, G.; Uddling, J. |
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Title |
Traits controlling shade tolerance in tropical montane trees |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Tree physiology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Tree Physiol. |
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40 |
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2 |
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183-197 |
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biomass allocation; leaf temperature; plant traits; Rwanda; shade intolerance; shade tolerance; tropical montane forest; article; biomass allocation; breathing; canopy; carbon balance; compensation; photosynthesis; plant leaf; plant stem; rain forest; Rwanda; shade tolerance; species difference; sweating |
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Tropical canopies are complex, with multiple canopy layers and pronounced gap dynamics contributing to their high species diversity and productivity. An important reason for this complexity is the large variation in shade tolerance among different tree species. At present, we lack a clear understanding of which plant traits control this variation, e.g., regarding the relative contributions of whole-plant versus leaf traits or structural versus physiological traits. We investigated a broad range of traits in six tropical montane rainforest tree species with different degrees of shade tolerance, grown under three different radiation regimes (under the open sky or beneath sparse or dense canopies). The two distinct shade-tolerant species had higher fractional biomass in leaves and branches while shade-intolerant species invested more into stems, and these differences were greater under low radiation. Leaf respiration and photosynthetic light compensation point did not vary with species shade tolerance, regardless of radiation regime. Leaf temperatures in open plots were markedly higher in shade-tolerant species due to their low transpiration rates and large leaf sizes. Our results suggest that interspecific variation in shade tolerance of tropical montane trees is controlled by species differences in whole-plant biomass allocation strategy rather than by difference in physiological leaf traits determining leaf carbon balance at low radiation. © The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press. |
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Rwanda Agriculture and Animal Resources Development, PO Box 5016Kigali, Rwanda |
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NLM (Medline) |
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Export Date: 16 March 2020 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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922 |
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Denis, T.; Richard-Hansen, C.; Brunaux, O.; Guitet, S.; Hérault, B. |
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Birds of a feather flock together: Functionally similar vertebrates positively co-occur in Guianan forests |
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Journal Article |
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2019 |
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Ecosphere |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ecosphere |
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10 |
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3 |
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e02566 |
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activity matching; birds; Guiana Shield; information exchange; mammals; mixed-species associations; mutualism; terra firme rainforests |
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Medium- and large-sized vertebrates play a key role in shaping overall forest functioning. Despite this, vertebrate interactions, from competition to mutualism, remain poorly studied, even though these interactions should be taken into account in our conservation and management strategies. Thus, we tackled the question of vertebrate co-occurrence in tropical rainforests: Are (negative or positive) co-occurrences dependent on forest structure and composition? and Are these co-occurrences linked to functional species similarity? We recorded the occurrence of 21 medium- and large-sized vertebrates in 19 French Guianan locations in which a large set of forest structure and composition descriptors were collected. We used a probabilistic model to look for co-occurrences at different spatial scales, and species pairwise co-occurrences were then compared to those generated solely on the basis of forest structure and composition. We then quantified the co-occurrence strength between pairwise species dyads and determined whether they relied on species functional similarity, controlling for the environmental effects. We found that positive co-occurrences vastly outnumbered negative co-occurrences, were only partly shaped by the local environment, and were closely linked to species functional similarity. Thus, groups of species sharing similar functional traits are more prone to co-occur, highlighting the key role of functional redundancy in structuring species assemblages. We discuss how positive interactions could generate the predominance of positive co-occurrences in oligotrophic terra firme (unflooded) forests when resources are scarce and dispersed in dry season. Finally, we identified functional groups based on co-occurrence strength and suggested that frugivory/granivory and body size are of primary importance in species interactions in Neotropical vertebrate communities. © 2019 The Authors. |
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INPHB, Institut National Polytechnique Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Yamoussoukro, Cote d'Ivoire |
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Wiley-Blackwell |
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21508925 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 16 March 2020; Correspondence Address: Denis, T.; Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage, UMR EcoFoG (AgroParisTech, Cirad, CNRS, INRA, Université des Antilles, Université de Guyane)France; email: thomas.denis@ecofog.gf |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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924 |
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Privet, K.; Vedel, V.; Fortunel, C.; Orivel, J.; Martinez, Q.; Cerdan, A.; Baraloto, C.; Pétillon, J. |
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Relative effciency of pitfall trapping vs. nocturnal hand collecting in assessing soil-dwelling spider diversity along a structural gradient of neotropical habitats |
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Journal Article |
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2020 |
Publication |
Diversity |
Abbreviated Journal |
Diversity |
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12 |
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2 |
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81 |
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Araneae; Diversity indices; Functional diversity; Guiana shield; Sampling methods; Species richness; Turnover; Araneae |
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Assessing spider diversity remains a great challenge, especially in tropical habitats where dozens of species can locally co-occur. Pitfall trapping is one of the most widely used techniques to collect spiders, but it suffers from several biases, and its accuracy likely varies with habitat complexity. In this study, we compared the efficiency of passive pitfall trapping versus active nocturnal hand collecting (\"HC) to capture low understory-dwelling spider taxonomical (morpho-species) and functional (hunting guilds) diversity along a structural gradient of habitats in French Guiana. We focused on four habitats describing a structural gradient: garden to the orchard to the forest edge to the undisturbed forest. Overall, estimated morpho-species richness and composition did not vary consistently between habitats, but abundances of ground-hunting spiders decreased significantly with increasing habitat complexity. We found habitat-dependence differences in taxonomic diversity between sampling strategies: NHC revealed higher diversity in the orchard, whereas pitfalls resulted in higher diversity in the forest. Species turnover resulted in high dissimilarity in species composition between habitats using either method. This study shows how pitfall trapping is influenced by habitat structure, rendering this sampling method incomplete for complex, tropical environments. However, pitfall traps remain a valuable component of inventories because they sample distinct assemblage of spiders. © 2020 by the authors. |
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International Center for Tropical Botany, Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, 11200 S.W. 8th Street, Miami, FL 33199, United States |
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Mdpi Ag |
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14242818 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 16 March 2020; Correspondence Address: Privet, K.; CNRS, Ecobio (Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution), Université de RennesFrance; email: kprivet@hotmail.fr |
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923 |
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Baraloto, C.; Molto, Q.; Rabaud, S.; Herault, B.; Valencia, R.; Blanc, L.; Fine, P.V.A.; Thompson, J. |
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Rapid simultaneous estimation of aboveground biomass and tree diversity across neotropical forests: A comparison of field inventory methods |
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Journal Article |
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2013 |
Publication |
Biotropica |
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Biotropica |
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45 |
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3 |
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288-298 |
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Biodiversity assessment; carbon stocks; Monitoring; Permanent plot; Survey; Tropical rain forest |
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A standardized rapid inventory method providing information on both tree species diversity and aboveground carbon stocks in tropical forests will be an important tool for evaluating efforts to conserve biodiversity and to estimate the carbon emissions that result from deforestation and degradation (REDD). Herein, we contrast five common plot methods differing in shape, size, and effort requirements to estimate tree diversity and aboveground tree biomass (AGB). We simulated the methods across six Neotropical forest sites that represent a broad gradient in forest structure, tree species richness, and floristic composition, and we assessed the relative performance of methods by evaluating the bias and precision of their estimates of AGB and tree diversity. For a given sample of forest area, a 'several small' (< 1 ha) sampling strategy led to a smaller coefficient of variation (CV) in the estimate of AGB than a 'few large' one. The effort (person-days) required to achieve an accurate AGB estimate (< 10% CV), however, was greater for the smallest plots (0.1 ha) than for a compromise approach using 0.5 ha modified Gentry plots, which proved to be the most efficient method to estimate AGB across all forest types. Gentry plots were also the most efficient at providing accurate estimates of tree diversity (< 10% CV of Hill number). We recommend the use of the 0.5 ha modified Gentry plot method in future rapid inventories, and we discuss a set of criteria that should inform any choice of inventory method. © 2012 The Author(s) Journal compilation © 2012 by The Association for Tropical Biology and Conservation. |
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Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Bush Estate, Penicuik, Midlothian, EH26 0QB, United Kingdom |
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00063606 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 16 May 2013; Source: Scopus; Coden: Btroa; :doi 10.1111/btp.12006; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Baraloto, C.; INRA, UMR 'Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane', 97387, Kourou Cedex, French Guiana; email: chris.baraloto@ecofog.gf |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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485 |
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Soong, J.L.; Marañon-Jimenez, S.; Cotrufo, M.F.; Boeckx, P.; Bodé, S.; Guenet, B.; Peñuelas, J.; Richter, A.; Stahl, C.; Verbruggen, E.; Janssens, I.A. |
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Soil microbial CNP and respiration responses to organic matter and nutrient additions: Evidence from a tropical soil incubation |
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Journal Article |
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2018 |
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Soil Biology and Biochemistry |
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122 |
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141-149 |
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13c; Cnp; Microbial stoichiometry; Priming; Soil respiration; Tropics |
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Soil nutrient availability has a strong influence on the fate of soil carbon (C) during microbial decomposition, contributing to Earth's C balance. While nutrient availability itself can impact microbial physiology and C partitioning between biomass and respiration during soil organic matter decomposition, the availability of labile C inputs may mediate the response of microorganisms to nutrient additions. As soil organic matter is decomposed, microorganisms retain or release C, nitrogen (N) or phosphorus (P) to maintain a stoichiometric balance. Although the concept of a microbial stoichiometric homeostasis has previously been proposed, microbial biomass CNP ratios are not static, and this may have very relevant implications for microbial physiological activities. Here, we tested the hypothesis that N, P and potassium (K) nutrient additions impact C cycling in a tropical soil due to microbial stoichiometric constraints to growth and respiration, and that the availability of energy-rich labile organic matter in the soil (i.e. leaf litter) mediates the response to nutrient addition. We incubated tropical soil from French Guiana with a 13C labeled leaf litter addition and with mineral nutrient additions of +K, +N, +NK, +PK and +NPK for 30 days. We found that litter additions led to a ten-fold increase in microbial respiration and a doubling of microbial biomass C, along with greater microbial N and P content. We found some evidence that P additions increased soil CO2 fluxes. Additionally, we found microbial biomass CP and NP ratios varied more widely than CN in response to nutrient and organic matter additions, with important implications for the role of microorganisms in C cycling. The addition of litter did not prime soil organic matter decomposition, except in combination with +NK fertilization, indicating possible P-mining of soil organic matter in this P-poor tropical soil. Together, these results point toward an ultimate labile organic substrate limitation of soil microorganisms in this tropical soil, but also indicate a complex interaction between C, N, P and K availability. This highlights the difference between microbial C cycling responses to N, P, or K additions in the tropics and explains why coupled C, N and P cycle modeling efforts cannot rely on strict microbial stoichiometric homeostasis as an underlying assumption. |
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INRA, UMR Ecology of Guiana Forests (Ecofog), AgroParisTech, Cirad, CNRS, Université de Guyane, Université des Antilles, Kourou, France |
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Export Date: 16 May 2018 |
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804 |
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Siefert, A.; Violle, C.; Chalmandrier, L.; Albert, C.H.; Taudiere, A.; Fajardo, A.; Aarssen, L.W.; Baraloto, C.; Carlucci, M.B.; Cianciaruso, M.V.; de L. Dantas, V.; de Bello, F.; Duarte, L.D.S.; Fonseca, C.R.; Freschet, G.T.; Gaucherand, S.; Gross, N.; Hikosaka, K.; Jackson, B.; Jung, V.; Kamiyama, C.; Katabuchi, M.; Kembel, S.W.; Kichenin, E.; Kraft, N.J.B.; Lagerström, A.; Bagousse-Pinguet, Y.L.; Li, Y.; Mason, N.; Messier, J.; Nakashizuka, T.; Overton, J.M.; Peltzer, D.A.; Pérez-Ramos, I.M.; Pillar, V.D.; Prentice, H.C.; Richardson, S.; Sasaki, T.; Schamp, B.S.; Schöb, C.; Shipley, B.; Sundqvist, M.; Sykes, M.T.; Vandewalle, M.; Wardle, D.A. |
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A global meta-analysis of the relative extent of intraspecific trait variation in plant communities |
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Journal Article |
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2015 |
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Ecology Letters |
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Ecology Letters |
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18 |
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12 |
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1406-1419 |
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Community ecology; Functional diversity; Interspecific variation; Intraspecific variability; Leaf trait; Plant functional trait; Trait-based ecology |
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Recent studies have shown that accounting for intraspecific trait variation (ITV) may better address major questions in community ecology. However, a general picture of the relative extent of ITV compared to interspecific trait variation in plant communities is still missing. Here, we conducted a meta-analysis of the relative extent of ITV within and among plant communities worldwide, using a data set encompassing 629 communities (plots) and 36 functional traits. Overall, ITV accounted for 25% of the total trait variation within communities and 32% of the total trait variation among communities on average. The relative extent of ITV tended to be greater for whole-plant (e.g. plant height) vs. organ-level traits and for leaf chemical (e.g. leaf N and P concentration) vs. leaf morphological (e.g. leaf area and thickness) traits. The relative amount of ITV decreased with increasing species richness and spatial extent, but did not vary with plant growth form or climate. These results highlight global patterns in the relative importance of ITV in plant communities, providing practical guidelines for when researchers should include ITV in trait-based community and ecosystem studies. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd/CNRS. |
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Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science, Lund University, Sölvegatan 12, Lund, Sweden |
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Export Date: 16 November 2015 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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637 |
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Author |
Richard-Hansen, C.; Jaouen, G.; Denis, T.; Brunaux, O.; Marcon, E.; Guitet, S. |
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Title |
Landscape patterns influence communities of medium-to large-bodied vertebrates in undisturbed terra firme forests of French Guiana |
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Journal Article |
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2015 |
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Journal of Tropical Ecology |
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Journal of Tropical Ecology |
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31 |
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5 |
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423-436 |
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Animal communities; diversity; environmental heterogeneity; French Guiana; landscape ecology; species-habitat association |
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Abstract |
Whereas broad-scale Amazonian forest types have been shown to influence the structure of the communities of medium-to large-bodied vertebrates, their natural heterogeneity at smaller scale or within the terra firme forests remains poorly described and understood. Diversity indices of such communities and the relative abundance of the 21 most commonly observed species were compared from standardized line-transect data across 25 study sites distributed in undisturbed forests in French Guiana. We first assessed the relevance of a forest typology based on geomorphological landscapes to explain the observed heterogeneity. As previously found for tree beta-diversity patterns, this new typology proved to be a non-negligible factor underlying the beta diversity of the communities of medium-to large bodied vertebrates in French Guianan terra firme forests. Although the species studied are almost ubiquitous across the region, they exhibited habitat preferences through significant variation in abundance and in their association index with the different landscape types. As terra firme forests represent more than 90% of the Amazon basin, characterizing their heterogeneity-including faunal communities-is a major challenge in neotropical forest ecology. © 2015 Cambridge University Press. |
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ONCFS, EcoFoG, Kourou Cedex, France |
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Export Date: 16 November 2015 |
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no |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
638 |
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