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Bordenave, B.; Lehir, F.; Lorans, M. |
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Title |
Current knowledge on threatened plant species of French Guiana |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
Publication |
Revue d'Ecologie (La Terre et la Vie) |
Abbreviated Journal |
Rev. Ecol. Terre Vie |
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67 |
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Suppl.2 |
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29-45 |
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The elaboration of a first list of the most threatened species of the overseas territory of French Guyana was undertaken in 2009 by the Association for Botanical Conservation in French Guiana in collaboration with the National Botanical Conservatory of Brest. Carried out in synergy with the updating of the species list for Natural Areas of Ecological, Faunistic and Floritic Interests supervised by the Region Science Council for Natural Heritage, this work includes 97 vascular plants, 18 of which can be considered as threatened in the state of current knowledge, according to the IUCN criteria which are recommended by the Federation of National Botanical Conservatories. Among these 18 taxa, threatened because of their rarity and the fragility of their natural habitats, 17 are already protected by a 2001 ministry decree and one is from a new genus, Hekkingia bordenavei; nine of these appear to be of high concern for conservation: Cleistes grandifiora (Orchidaceae), Cornutia pubescens (Verbenaceae), Antirhea triflora (Rubiaceae), Himathantus drasticus (Apocynaceae), Axonopus oiapocensis (Poaceae), Psychotria granvillei (Rubiaceae), Eriocaulon guyanense (Eriocaulaceae) along with two palm species subject to National Action Plans for their conservation since 2009, Astrocaryum minus and Bactris nancibaensis. This study also contributes to the on-going “regional Red List” of the French Guiana flora. |
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Étudiant en Master 2, Écologie des Forêts Tropicales, Université de Kourou, 1 rue de l'Université, 97310 Kourou, Guyane Française, France |
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02497395 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 13 April 2012; Source: Scopus; Coden: Retve; Language of Original Document: French; Correspondence Address: Bordenave, B.; BGB Consultance, Botanique Tropicale, 9 route des grandes roches, 29910 Trégunc, France; email: bruno.bordenave@wanadoo.fr |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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390 |
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Paine, C.E.T.; Norden, N.; Chave, J.; Forget, P.-M.; Fortunel, C.; Dexter, K.G.; Baraloto, C. |
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Phylogenetic density dependence and environmental filtering predict seedling mortality in a tropical forest |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
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Ecology Letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ecol. Lett. |
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15 |
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1 |
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34-41 |
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Community assembly; Density dependence; French Guiana; Generalised linear mixed models; Janzen-Connell hypothesis; Seedling recruitment; Species coexistence; Survival |
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Negative density dependence (NDD) and environmental filtering (EF) shape community assembly, but their relative importance is poorly understood. Recent studies have shown that seedling's mortality risk is positively related to the phylogenetic relatedness of neighbours. However, natural enemies, whose depredations often cause NDD, respond to functional traits of hosts rather than phylogenetic relatedness per se. To understand the roles of NDD and EF in community assembly, we assessed the effects on seedling mortality of functional similarity, phylogenetic relatedness and stem density of neighbouring seedlings and adults in a species-rich tropical forest. Mortality risks increased for common species when their functional traits departed substantially from the neighbourhood mean, and for all species when surrounded by close relatives. This indicates that NDD affects community assembly more broadly than does EF, and leads to the tentative conclusion that natural enemies respond to phylogenetically correlated traits. Our results affirm the prominence of NDD in structuring species-rich communities. © 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd/CNRS. |
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Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States |
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1461023x (Issn) |
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Export Date: 13 December 2011; Source: Scopus; Coden: Eclef; doi: 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2011.01705.x; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Paine, C.E.T.; Institut für Evolutionsbiologie und Umweltwissenschaften, Universität Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland; email: timothy.paine@ieu.uzh.ch |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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373 |
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Fromin, N.; Saby, N.P.A.; Lensi, R.; Brunet, D.; Porte, B.; Domenach, A.-M.; Roggy, J.-C. |
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Spatial variability of soil microbial functioning in a tropical rainforest of French Guiana using nested sampling |
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Journal Article |
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2013 |
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Geoderma |
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197-198 |
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98-107 |
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Denitrification; Respiration; Scale dependent process; Soil microbial processes; Soil organic matter; Tree influence potential |
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Understanding the pattern in spatial distribution of soil microbial processes is critical to understand the environmental factors that regulate them as well as to scale up these processes to ecosystem. Soil samples from a 1. ha tropical rainforest plot (Paracou, French Guiana) were analyzed according a nested sampling approach using different separation distances ranging from 0.4 to 40. m. The variability of substrate induced respiration (SIR) and of denitrification enzyme activity (DEA) was characterized in relation to various soil properties (total C and N contents, NIRS related index of soil organic matter quality, SOMQ, and index of tree influence potential, IP). The variability of SIR and DEA was higher than that of environmental properties. The patterns of accumulated variance as a function of distance varied among the soil properties. The variability of SIR and DEA mainly occurred at small (1. m) scale (and at the 10-40. m-scales for SIR), probably reflecting the quality of litter input that results of the influence of local assemblage of different tree species, though changes in the soil N and C contents. Indeed, total soil C and N contents explained the microbial properties at every scale. Coefficients of codispersion showed that neither SOMQ nor IP did correlate with SIR and DEA, and confirmed that total C and N contents explained microbial properties in a scale dependent and complex manner. Such spatial dependency underlines the importance of soil heterogeneity in this tropical forest with implications for sampling strategies when studying the microbial processes and their response to disturbances. © 2012 Elsevier B.V. |
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UMR EcoFoG, BP 709, 97387 Kourou, GUF, France |
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Export Date: 13 February 2013; Source: Scopus |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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466 |
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Csilléry, K.; Lalague, H.; Vendramin, G.G.; González-Martínez, S.C.; Fady, B.; Oddou-Muratorio, S. |
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Detecting short spatial scale local adaptation and epistatic selection in climate-related candidate genes in European beech (Fagus sylvatica) populations |
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Journal Article |
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2014 |
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Molecular Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Molecular Ecology |
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23 |
Issue |
19 |
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4696-4708 |
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abiotic stress; budburst phenology; FST outlier; gene network; haplotype; Ohta's test; variance components of linkage disequilibrium |
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Detecting signatures of selection in tree populations threatened by climate change is currently a major research priority. Here, we investigated the signature of local adaptation over a short spatial scale using 96 European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) individuals originating from two pairs of populations on the northern and southern slopes of Mont Ventoux (south-eastern France). We performed both single and multilocus analysis of selection based on 53 climate-related candidate genes containing 546 SNPs. FST outlier methods at the SNP level revealed a weak signal of selection, with three marginally significant outliers in the northern populations. At the gene level, considering haplotypes as alleles, two additional marginally significant outliers were detected, one on each slope. To account for the uncertainty of haplotype inference, we averaged the Bayes factors over many possible phase reconstructions. Epistatic selection offers a realistic multilocus model of selection in natural populations. Here, we used a test suggested by Ohta based on the decomposition of the variance of linkage disequilibrium. Overall populations, 0.23% of the SNP pairs (haplotypes) showed evidence of epistatic selection, with nearly 80% of them being within genes. One of the between gene epistatic selection signals arose between an FST outlier and a nonsynonymous mutation in a drought response gene. Additionally, we identified haplotypes containing selectively advantageous allele combinations which were unique to high or low elevations and northern or southern populations. Several haplotypes contained nonsynonymous mutations situated in genes with known functional importance for adaptation to climatic factors. |
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CIFOR-INIA, Forest Research Centre, Carretera de La Coruña km 7.5Madrid 28040, Spain |
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Export Date: 13 January 2015 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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579 |
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Stahl, C.; Burban, B.; Wagner, F.; Goret, J.-Y.; Bompy, F.; Bonal, D. |
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Influence of Seasonal Variations in Soil Water Availability on Gas Exchange of Tropical Canopy Trees |
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Journal Article |
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2013 |
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Biotropica |
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45 |
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2 |
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155-164 |
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French Guiana; Photosynthesis; Predawn leaf water potential; Rain forest; Relative extractable water; Respiration; Soil drought; Transpiration |
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Seasonal variations in environmental conditions influence the functioning of the whole ecosystem of tropical rain forests, but as yet little is known about how such variations directly influence the leaf gas exchange and transpiration of individual canopy tree species. We examined the influence of seasonal variations in relative extractable water in the upper soil layers on predawn leaf water potential, saturated net photosynthesis, leaf dark respiration, stomatal conductance, and tree transpiration of 13 tropical rain forest canopy trees (eight species) over 2 yr in French Guiana. The canopies were accessed by climbing ropes attached to the trees and to a tower. Our results indicate that a small proportion of the studied trees were unaffected by soil water depletion during seasonal dry periods, probably thanks to efficient deep root systems. The trees showing decreased tree water status (i.e., predawn leaf water potential) displayed a wide range of leaf gas exchange responses. Some trees strongly regulated photosynthesis and transpiration when relative extractable water decreased drastically. In contrast, other trees showed little variation, thus indicating good adaptation to soil drought conditions. These results have important applications to modeling approaches: indeed, precise evaluation and grouping of these response patterns are required before any tree-based functional models can efficiently describe the response of tropical rain forest ecosystems to future changes in environmental conditions. © 2012 by The Association for Tropical Biology and Conservation. |
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INRA, UMR 1137 Université de Lorraine, INRA Nancy 'Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestière', Champenoux 54280, France |
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Export Date: 13 March 2013; Source: Scopus |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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474 |
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Touré, S.; Nirma, C.; Falkowski, M.; Dusfour, I.; Boulogne, I.; Jahn-Oyac, A.; Coke, M.; Azam, D.; Girod, R.; Moriou, C.; Odonne, G.; Stien, D.; Houel, E.; Eparvier, V. |
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Aedes aegypti Larvicidal Sesquiterpene Alkaloids from Maytenus oblongata |
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Journal Article |
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2017 |
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Journal of Natural Products |
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Journal of Natural Products |
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80 |
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2 |
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384-390 |
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Four new sesquiterpene alkaloids (1-4) with a β-dihydroagrofuran skeleton and a new triterpenoid (5) were isolated from an ethyl acetate extract of Maytenus oblongata stems. Their structures were elucidated using 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy as well as MS and ECD experiments. The M. oblongata stem EtOAc extract and the pure compounds isolated were tested for larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti under laboratory conditions, and compounds 2 and 3 were found to be active. © 2017 The American Chemical Society and American Society of Pharmacognosy. |
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Laboratoire de Biodiversité et Biotechnologies Microbiennes (LBBM), Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, CNRS, Observatoire Océanologique, Banyuls-sur-Mer, France |
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Export Date: 13 March 2017 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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743 |
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Bastias, C.C.; Fortunel, C.; Valladares, F.; Baraloto, C.; Benavides, R.; Cornwell, W.; Markesteijn, L.; De Oliveira, A.A.; Sansevero, J.B.B.; Vaz, M.C.; Kraft, N.J.B. |
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Intraspecific leaf trait variability along a boreal-to-tropical community diversity gradient |
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Journal Article |
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2017 |
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PLoS ONE |
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PLoS ONE |
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12 |
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2 |
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e0172495 |
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Disentangling the mechanisms that shape community assembly across diversity gradients is a central matter in ecology. While many studies have explored community assembly through species average trait values, there is a growing understanding that intraspecific trait variation (ITV) can also play a critical role in species coexistence. Classic biodiversity theory hypothesizes that higher diversity at species-rich sites can arise from narrower niches relative to species-poor sites, which would be reflected in reduced ITV as species richness increases. To explore how ITV in woody plant communities changes with species richness, we compiled leaf trait data (leaf size and specific leaf area) in a total of 521 woody plant species from 21 forest communities that differed dramatically in species richness, ranging from boreal to tropical rainforests. At each forest, we assessed ITV as an estimate of species niche breadth and we quantified the degree of trait overlap among co-occurring species as a measure of species functional similarity. We found ITV was relatively invariant across the species richness gradient. In addition, we found that species functional similarity increased with diversity. Contrary to the expectation from classic biodiversity theory, our results rather suggest that neutral processes or equalizing mechanisms can be acting as potential drivers shaping community assembly in hyperdiverse forests. © This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 public domain dedication. |
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Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro-UFRRJ, Departamento de Ciencias Ambientais-DCA, Instituto de Florestas, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil |
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Export Date: 13 March 2017 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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744 |
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Ménard, L.; McKey, D.; Mühlen, G.S.; Clair, B.; Rowe, N.P. |
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The Evolutionary Fate of Phenotypic Plasticity and Functional Traits under Domestication in Manioc: Changes in Stem Biomechanics and the Appearance of Stem Brittleness |
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2013 |
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PLoS ONE |
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PLoS ONE |
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8 |
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9 |
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e74727 |
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Domestication can influence many functional traits in plants, from overall life-history and growth form to wood density and cell wall ultrastructure. Such changes can increase fitness of the domesticate in agricultural environments but may negatively affect survival in the wild. We studied effects of domestication on stem biomechanics in manioc by comparing domesticated and ancestral wild taxa from two different regions of greater Amazonia. We compared mechanical properties, tissue organisation and wood characteristics including microfibril angles in both wild and domesticated plants, each growing in two different habitats (forest or savannah) and varying in growth form (shrub or liana). Wild taxa grew as shrubs in open savannah but as lianas in overgrown and forested habitats. Growth form plasticity was retained in domesticated manioc. However, stems of the domesticate showed brittle failure. Wild plants differed in mechanical architecture between shrub and liana phenotypes, a difference that diminished between shrubs and lianas of the domesticate. Stems of wild plants were generally stiffer, failed at higher bending stresses and were less prone to brittle fracture compared with shrub and liana phenotypes of the domesticate. Biomechanical differences between stems of wild and domesticated plants were mainly due to changes in wood density and cellulose microfibril angle rather than changes in secondary growth or tissue geometry. Domestication did not significantly modify “large-scale” trait development or growth form plasticity, since both wild and domesticated manioc can develop as shrubs or lianas. However, “finer-scale” developmental traits crucial to mechanical stability and thus ecological success of the plant were significantly modified. This profoundly influenced the likelihood of brittle failure, particularly in long climbing stems, thereby also influencing the survival of the domesticate in natural situations vulnerable to mechanical perturbation. We discuss the different selective pressures that could explain evolutionary modifications of stem biomechanical properties under domestication in manioc. © 2013 Ménard et al. |
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CNRS, UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane (EcoFoG), Campus Agronomique, Kourou, French Guiana |
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19326203 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 13 September 2013; Source: Scopus; Art. No.: e74727; Coden: Polnc; doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074727; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Rowe, N. P.; Université Montpellier 2, UMR AMAP, Montpellier, France; email: nrowe@cirad.fr |
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Carrias, J.-F.; Gerphagnon, M.; Rodríguez-Pérez, H.; Borrel, G.; Loiseau, C.; Corbara, B.; Céréghino, R.; Mary, I.; Leroy, C. |
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Resource availability drives bacterial succession during leaf-litter decomposition in a bromeliad ecosystem |
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2020 |
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FEMS microbiology ecology |
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FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. |
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96 |
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4 |
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fiaa045 |
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16S rRNA gene; amplicon sequencing; bacterial diversity; community ecology; decomposition; ecological succession |
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Despite the growing number of investigations on microbial succession during the last decade, most of our knowledge on primary succession of bacteria in natural environments comes from conceptual models and/or studies of chronosequences. Successional patterns of litter-degrading bacteria remain poorly documented, especially in undisturbed environments. Here we conducted an experiment with tank bromeliads as natural freshwater microcosms to assess major trends in bacterial succession on two leaf-litter species incubated with or without animal exclusion. We used amplicon sequencing and a co-occurrence network to assess changes in bacterial community structure according to treatments. Alpha-diversity and community complexity displayed the same trends regardless of the treatments, highlighting that primary succession of detrital-bacteria is subject to resource limitation and biological interactions, much like macro-organisms. Shifts in bacterial assemblages along the succession were characterized by an increase in uncharacterized taxa and potential N-fixing bacteria, the latter being involved in positive co-occurrence between taxa. These findings support the hypothesis of interdependence between taxa as a significant niche-based process shaping bacterial communities during the advanced stage of succession. © FEMS 2020. |
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AMAP, IRD, CIRAD, CNRS, INRA, Université Montpellier, Montpellier, France |
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NLM (Medline) |
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Export Date: 14 April 2020 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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926 |
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Carrias, J.-F.; Brouard, O.; Leroy, C.; Céréghino, R.; Pélozuelo, L.; Dejean, A.; Corbara, B. |
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An ant-plant mutualism induces shifts in the protist community structure of a tank-bromeliad |
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2012 |
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Basic and Applied Ecology |
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13 |
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8 |
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698-705 |
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Aechmea mertensii; Ant-garden; Biodiversity; Camponotus femoratus; French Guiana; Pachycondyla goeldii; Phytotelmata; Protists |
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Abstract |
Although ants may induce community-wide effects via changes in physical habitats in terrestrial environments, their influence on aquatic communities living in plant-held waters remains largely underexplored. The neotropical tank-bromeliad Aechmea mertensii (Bromeliaceae) occurs along forest edges in ant-gardens initiated by Camponotus femoratus or by Pachycondyla goeldii. Its leaves form wells that hold rainwater and provide suitable habitats for many aquatic organisms. We postulated that these ant-plant mutualisms indirectly affect the microbial community structure via changes in the environmental conditions experienced by the plants. To test this hypothesis, we analyzed the protist communities from 63 tank-bromeliads associated with either C. femoratus or P. goeldii (hereafter Cf-Aechmea and Pg-Aechmea) along a forest edge in French Guiana. For each plant, a large number of environmental variables (including habitat structure, food resources, incident radiation and the presence of aquatic invertebrates) were quantified to determine their relative importance in driving any observed differences across ant-associated plants. Pg-Aechmea are located in sun-exposed areas and hold low volumes of water and low amounts of detritus, whereas Cf-Aechmea are located in partially shaded areas and accumulate higher amounts of water and detritus. Protists (i.e., protozoa and algae) inhabiting Cf-Aechmea exhibit greater richness and abundances than those in Pg-Aechmea. Variations in detritus content, number of leaves, incident radiation, and the epiphyte richness of the ant-garden were the main factors explaining the variation in protist richness. A shift in the functional group composition of protists between bromeliads tended by different ant species suggested that mutualistic ants indirectly mediate changes in the microbial food web. © 2012 Gesellschaft für Ökologie. |
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Université de Toulouse; UPS, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France |
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Export Date: 14 December 2012; Source: Scopus |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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449 |
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