| Records |
| Author |
Ruelle, J.; Yamamoto, H.; Thibaut, B. |
| Title |
Growth Stresses and Cellulose Structural Parameters in Tension and Normal Wood from Three Tropical Rainforest Angiosperm Species |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2007 |
Publication |
BioResources |
Abbreviated Journal |
BioResources |
| Volume |
2 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
235-251 |
| Keywords |
Cellulose; Microfibril angle; Crystallite size; Tension wood; Tropical rainforest; Growth stresses |
| Abstract |
Few studies have been conducted about relation between cellulose parameters and biomechanical properties of wood in tropical angiosperms species. For this purpose, on 13 trees from 3 species of French Guyana tropical rainforest in a clear active process of restoring verticality, i) growth strains were measured in situ in order to determine the occurrence of tension wood within samples and ii) cellulose structural parameters were estimated on all the samples using X-ray diffraction method. Crystallite size was estimated from the full-width at half-maximum of the Miller index (002) arc diffraction and angle T was measured following Cave's method. Relationships between these parameters and growth stresses were good and the variations between normal and tension wood were significant, i. e. a lower angle T and a larger crystallite size in tension wood. In order to have a good estimation of the microfibril angle in the main layer of the secondary wall for each species, an experimental calibration was done between angle T and microfibril angle observed with scanning electron microscopy. |
| Address |
[Ruelle, Julien; Thibaut, Bernard] UMR EcoFoG, Kourou 97387, Guyana, Email: ruelle_j@kourou.cirad.fr |
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| Publisher |
NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIV DEPT WOOD & PAPER SCI |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
1930-2126 |
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| Notes |
ISI:000263689300009 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
122 |
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| Author |
Almeras, T.; Fournier, M. |
| Title |
Biomechanical design and long-term stability of trees: Morphological and wood traits involved in the balance between weight increase and the gravitropic reaction |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Journal of Theoretical Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Theor. Biol. |
| Volume |
256 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
370-381 |
| Keywords |
Mechanical design; Gravitropism; Bending stresses; Allometry; Reaction wood |
| Abstract |
Studies on tree biomechanical design usually focus on stem stiffness, resistance to breakage or uprooting, and elastic stability. Here we consider another biomechanical constraint related to the interaction between growth and gravity. Because stems are slender structures and are never perfectly symmetric, the increase in tree mass always causes bending movements. Given the current mechanical design of trees, integration of these movements over time would ultimately lead to a weeping habit unless some gravitropic correction occurs. This correction is achieved by asymmetric internal forces induced during the maturation of new wood. The long-term stability of a growing stem therefore depends on how the gravitropic correction that is generated by diameter growth balances the disturbance due to increasing self weight. General mechanical formulations based on beam theory are proposed to model these phenomena. The rates of disturbance and correction associated with a growth increment are deduced and expressed as a function of elementary traits of stem morphology, cross-section anatomy and wood properties. Evaluation of these traits using previously published data shows that the balance between the correction and the disturbance strongly depends on the efficiency of the gravitropic correction, which depends on the asymmetry of wood maturation strain, eccentric growth, and gradients in wood stiffness. By combining disturbance and correction rates, the gravitropic performance indicates the dynamics of stem bending during growth. It depends on stem biomechanical traits and dimensions. By analyzing dimensional effects, we show that the necessity for gravitropic correction might constrain stem allometric growth in the long-term. This constraint is compared to the requirement for elastic stability, showing that gravitropic performance limits the increase in height of tilted stem and branches. The performance of this function may thus limit the slenderness and lean of stems, and therefore the ability of the tree to capture light in a heterogeneous environment. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
| Address |
[Almeras, T.; Fournier, M.] INRA, UMR Ecol Forets Guyane, F-97310 Kourou, France, Email: t_almeras@hotmail.com |
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| Publisher |
ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD |
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| ISSN |
0022-5193 |
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| Notes |
ISI:000263077100008 |
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no |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
123 |
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| Author |
Jabiol, J.; Corbara, B.; Dejean, A.; Cereghino, R. |
| Title |
Structure of aquatic insect communities in tank-bromeliads in a East-Amazonian rainforest in French Guiana |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Forest Ecology and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
For. Ecol. Manage. |
| Volume |
257 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
351-360 |
| Keywords |
Bromeliaceae; Classification; Community structure; Insects; Microcosms; Neural networks; Nouragues; Phytotelmata; Species richness |
| Abstract |
Tank-bromeliads are discrete habitats which contain distinct aquatic communities, and which commonly occur in the neotropics. Because they span a broad range of ecological gradients in terms of habitat structure and amount of resources, researchers study the associations between the biodiversity of communities and these gradients in rainforests, where the very high species richness and densities within other continuous habitats makes it difficult to quantify animal communities. We analysed the diversity of aquatic insect communities in relation to different tank-bromeliad species in a primary rainforest (French Guiana) using artificial intelligence and complex optimization techniques to classify communities and model their determinants. First, the self-organizing map (neural network) was used to classify 158 bromeliads according to the quantitative structure of the insect communities. Catopsis berteroniana and Guzmania lingulata formed separate clusters of plants on the virtual map, while Vriesea splendens, Vriesea pleiosticha and Aechmea melinonii were grouped together in the remaining clusters. Some insect taxa occurred in all bromeliads, while other taxa were specific to a given species. Second, general linear modelling allowed us to specify the influence of the bromeliad species; water volume and volume of fine particulate organic matter inside of the tank; elevation above the ground; and sampling site on taxonomic richness and insect abundance. The number of taxa and individuals per plant increased with greater water volume, but the slope of the relationships depended on the bromeliad species. The significant influence of bromeliad species suggested that at similar water volumes different plant species had different taxon richness and insect abundance. Greater amounts of fine particulate organic matter were detrimental to community diversity in the tanks, probably because they decreased available space by clogging it and/or affected oxygen concentrations. The influence of tank-bromeliad species on the aquatic insect community was primarily related to their physical (and probably chemical) features rather than to species-specific associations sensu stricto. The classification of bromeliads with respect to animal species is likely to provide referential schemes for those biodiversity patterns to be expected under certain conditions, and may help to target model communities for subsequent experimental research. (C) 2008 Elsevier B,V. All rights reserved. |
| Address |
[Jabiol, J.; Cereghino, R.] Univ Toulouse 3, Ecolab, Lab Ecol Fonctionnelle, CNRS,UMR 5245, F-31062 Toulouse 9, France, Email: cereghin@cict.fr |
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| Publisher |
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0378-1127 |
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| Notes |
ISI:000261856000038 |
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no |
| Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
124 |
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| Author |
Dejean, A.; Grangier, J.; Leroy, C.; Orivel, J. |
| Title |
Predation and aggressiveness in host plant protection: a generalization using ants from the genus Azteca |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Naturwissenschaften |
Abbreviated Journal |
Naturwissenschaften |
| Volume |
96 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
57-63 |
| Keywords |
Aggressiveness; Ant-plant relationships; Biotic defence; Predation |
| Abstract |
In studying the ant genus Azteca, a Neotropical group of arboreal species, we aimed to determine the extent to which the ants use predation and/or aggressiveness to protect their host plants from defoliating insects. We compared a territorially dominant, carton-nester, Azteca chartifex, and three plant-ant species. Azteca alfari and Azteca ovaticeps are associated with the myrmecophyte Cecropia (Cecropiaceae) and their colonies shelter in its hollow branches; whereas Azteca bequaerti is associated with Tococa guianensis (Melastomataceae) and its colonies shelter in leaf pouches situated at the base of the laminas. Whereas A. bequaerti workers react to the vibrations transmitted by the lamina when an alien insect lands on a leaf making it unnecessary for them to patrol their plant, the workers of the three other species rather discover prey by contact. The workers of all four species use a predatory behaviour involving spread-eagling alien insects after recruiting nestmates at short range, and, in some cases, at long range. Because A. alfari and A. ovaticeps discard part of the insects they kill, we deduced that the workers' predatory behaviour and territorial aggressiveness combine in the biotic defence of their host tree. |
| Address |
[Dejean, Alain; Leroy, Celine] CNRS, UMR Ecol Forets Guyane 8172, F-97379 Kourou, France, Email: alain.dejean@wanadoo.fr |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
SPRINGER |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0028-1042 |
ISBN |
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| Notes |
ISI:000261791000006 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
125 |
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| Author |
Vedel, V.; Arthur, W. |
| Title |
Character changes during the early post-embryonic development of the centipede Strigamia maritima (Leach, 1817) (Chilopoda: Geophilomorpha) |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2009 |
Publication |
International Journal of Myriapodology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
2 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
53-61 |
| Keywords |
MOULT DEVELOPMENT ARTHROPOD POST-EMBRYONIC STAGE MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGE MYRIAPOD CENTIPEDE EVO-DEVO |
| Abstract |
For many kinds of ecological, evolutionary and developmental study, it is important to be able to describe the life-history of the individuals of a particular species/population. In the case of myriapods and other arthropods, this involves separating the different life-history stages (or stadia or instars) that are separated by moults. However, it has recently been pointed out that in the earliest post-embryonic stages the cuticle is still quite flexible; this means that visible external developmental changes can occur between moults as well as during them. Here, we provide evidence for such inter-moult changes in the coastal geophilomorph centipede Strigamia maritima. The character states studied enable finer-scale resolution of early post-embryonic forms than was hitherto possible. Specifically, we describe five transitional forms during a period in which just two (Peripatoid and Foetus) have traditionally been recognized |
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| Notes |
Character changes during the early post-embryonic development of the centipede Strigamia maritima (Leach, 1817) (Chilopoda: Geophilomorpha); doi:10.1163/187525409X462412 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ 13 |
Serial |
187 |
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| Author |
Pickett, K.M.; Carpenter, J.M.; Dejean, A. |
| Title |
“Basal” but not primitive: the nest of Apoica arborea de Saussure, 1854 (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Polistinae) |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Zoosystema |
Abbreviated Journal |
Zoosystema |
| Volume |
31 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
945-948 |
| Keywords |
Insecta; Hymenoptera; Vespidae; Polistinae; Apoica; social wasps; nest architecture; mosaic evolution |
| Abstract |
The first nest of Apoica arborea ever collected is reported. Characteristics of the unusual nest design are discussed relative to other members of the genus Apoica and other epiponine genera. The characteristics of its nest architecture are a mosaic of primitive and derived features for the Polistinae, and thus the nest design is not properly interpreted as the primitive condition from which other swarm-founding wasp nest designs are derived. The frequent conflation of “basal” and primitive is discussed. |
| Address |
[Pickett, Kurt M.] Univ Vermont, Dept Biol, Burlington, VT 05401 USA, Email: kurt.pickett@uvm.edu |
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PUBLICATIONS SCIENTIFIQUES DU MUSEUM, PARIS |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
1280-9551 |
ISBN |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
ISI:000273733000008 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
188 |
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| Author |
Amusant, N.; Fournier, M.; Beauchene, J. |
| Title |
Colour and decay resistance and its relationships in Eperua grandiflora |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Annals of Forest Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ann. For. Sci. |
| Volume |
65 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
806 |
| Keywords |
natural durability; colour; decay resistance; variability; heartwood; tropical wood |
| Abstract |
Eperua grandiflora, which is widely distributed in the French Guiana forest region, shows high variability in decay resistance. Further information concerning this wood quality parameter is necessary, but standard testing methods are complex and time-consuming. We assessed the use of colorimetry to determine durability in heartwood samples from a range of trees. Eperua grandiflora colour parameters were measured using a CIELAB system, revealing that the tree effect was greater than the radial position and height effects. The wood samples were exposed to Coriolus versicolor and Antrodia sp. according to two European standards (En 350-1 and XP CEN TS 15083-1). Eperua grandiflora is more susceptible to brown rot. These two standards did not give the same durability classes. The high variation in natural durability was due to the tree effect. These two properties were found to be correlated and the assessment also distinguished the extreme durability classes but they are not sufficient to classify the class of durability of this species. |
| Address |
[Amusant, Nadine] CIRAD, PERSYT, UR Valorisat Bois Tropicaux, F-34538 Montpellier 5, France, Email: nadine.amusant@cirad.fr |
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| Publisher |
EDP SCIENCES S A |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
1286-4560 |
ISBN |
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| Notes |
ISI:000261431600006 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
127 |
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| Author |
Gibernau, M.; Orivel, J.; Dejean, A.; Delabie, J.; Barabe, D. |
| Title |
Flowering as a key factor in ant-Philodendron interactions |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Journal of Tropical Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Trop. Ecol. |
| Volume |
24 |
Issue |
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Pages |
689-692 |
| Keywords |
Araceae; domatia; habitat; nest site; non-specific association; Philodendron solimoesense; territoriality |
| Abstract |
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| Address |
[Gibernau, Marc; Orivel, Jerome] Univ Toulouse 3, Lab Evolut & Divers Biol, UMR CNRS 5174, F-31062 Toulouse 9, France, Email: gibernau@cict.fr |
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| Publisher |
CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS |
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Summary Language |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0266-4674 |
ISBN |
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| Notes |
ISI:000261254400012 |
Approved |
no |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
128 |
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| Author |
Almeras, T. |
| Title |
Mechanical analysis of the strains generated by water tension in plant stems. Part II: strains in wood and bark and apparent compliance |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Tree Physiology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Tree Physiol. |
| Volume |
28 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
1513-1523 |
| Keywords |
biomechanics; calibration; diurnal strains; mechanical model; multilayer cylinder; water potential |
| Abstract |
Tree steins shrink in diameter during the day and swell during the night in response to changes in water tension in the xylem. Stein shrinkage can easily be measured in a nondestructive way, to derive continuous information about tree water status. The relationship between the strain and the change in water tension can be evaluated by empirical calibrations, or can be related to the structure of the plant. A mechanical analysis was performed to make this relationship explicit. The stem is modeled as a cylinder made of multiple layers of tissues, including heartwood, sapwood, and inner and outer bark. The effect of changes in water tension on the apparent strain at the surface of a tissue is quantified as a function of parameters defining stem anatomy and the mechanical properties of the tissues. Various possible applications in the context of tree physiology are suggested. |
| Address |
INRA UMR Ecofog, Kourou 97379, French Guiana, Email: t_almeras@hotmail.com |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
HERON PUBLISHING |
Place of Publication |
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Summary Language |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0829-318X |
ISBN |
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| Notes |
ISI:000260027200009 |
Approved |
no |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
129 |
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| Author |
McClure, M.; Chouteau, M.; Dejean, A. |
| Title |
Territorial aggressiveness on the arboreal ant Azteca alfari by Camponotus blandus in French Guiana due to behavioural constraints |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Comptes Rendus Biologies |
Abbreviated Journal |
C. R. Biol. |
| Volume |
331 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
663-667 |
| Keywords |
Azteca alfari (Dolichoderinae); Camponotus blandus (Formicinae); foraging; rhythm of activity; territorial aggressiveness |
| Abstract |
This study reports new information on interactions between two sympatric ant species, the plant-ant Azteca alfari (Dolichoderinae) living in association with the myrmecophyte Cecropia obtusa (Cecropiaceae) and Camponotus blandus (Formicinae), a ground-nesting, arboreal-foraging species. Workers of A. alfari forage only on the foliage and the tipper parts of the trunk of their host Cecropia, while C. blandus nests in the ground but frequently forages and patrols pioneer tree foliage, including Cecropia. The activity pattern of A. alfari and the number of C. blandus on Cecropia obtusa was monitored hourly during a two-day period in a disturbed area in French Guiana. The maximum activity of C. blandus occurred between 8:30 and 12:30, at which time A. alfari had retreated within the domatia and were least present on the trunks. Even though aggressive confrontations were observed, C. blandus workers often initiate confrontations but do not prey on A. alfari nor exploit food bodies produced by Cecropia, the principal food source of A. alfari. Hence hostility appears to be the result of territoriality. Differences in their foraging rhythms are proposed as promoting resource and territory partitioning in this ant assemblage. |
| Address |
[McClure, Melanie] Concordia Univ, Dept Biol, Montreal, PQ H4B 1R6, Canada, Email: m_mcclur@alcor.concordia.ca |
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| Publisher |
ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
1631-0691 |
ISBN |
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| Notes |
ISI:000259290200004 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
130 |
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