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Touré, S.; Nirma, C.; Falkowski, M.; Dusfour, I.; Boulogne, I.; Jahn-Oyac, A.; Coke, M.; Azam, D.; Girod, R.; Moriou, C.; Odonne, G.; Stien, D.; Houel, E.; Eparvier, V. |
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Title |
Aedes aegypti Larvicidal Sesquiterpene Alkaloids from Maytenus oblongata |
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2017 |
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Journal of Natural Products |
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Journal of Natural Products |
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80 |
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2 |
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384-390 |
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Four new sesquiterpene alkaloids (1-4) with a β-dihydroagrofuran skeleton and a new triterpenoid (5) were isolated from an ethyl acetate extract of Maytenus oblongata stems. Their structures were elucidated using 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy as well as MS and ECD experiments. The M. oblongata stem EtOAc extract and the pure compounds isolated were tested for larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti under laboratory conditions, and compounds 2 and 3 were found to be active. © 2017 The American Chemical Society and American Society of Pharmacognosy. |
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Laboratoire de Biodiversité et Biotechnologies Microbiennes (LBBM), Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, CNRS, Observatoire Océanologique, Banyuls-sur-Mer, France |
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Export Date: 13 March 2017 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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743 |
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Bastias, C.C.; Fortunel, C.; Valladares, F.; Baraloto, C.; Benavides, R.; Cornwell, W.; Markesteijn, L.; De Oliveira, A.A.; Sansevero, J.B.B.; Vaz, M.C.; Kraft, N.J.B. |
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Intraspecific leaf trait variability along a boreal-to-tropical community diversity gradient |
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2017 |
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PLoS ONE |
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PLoS ONE |
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12 |
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2 |
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e0172495 |
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Disentangling the mechanisms that shape community assembly across diversity gradients is a central matter in ecology. While many studies have explored community assembly through species average trait values, there is a growing understanding that intraspecific trait variation (ITV) can also play a critical role in species coexistence. Classic biodiversity theory hypothesizes that higher diversity at species-rich sites can arise from narrower niches relative to species-poor sites, which would be reflected in reduced ITV as species richness increases. To explore how ITV in woody plant communities changes with species richness, we compiled leaf trait data (leaf size and specific leaf area) in a total of 521 woody plant species from 21 forest communities that differed dramatically in species richness, ranging from boreal to tropical rainforests. At each forest, we assessed ITV as an estimate of species niche breadth and we quantified the degree of trait overlap among co-occurring species as a measure of species functional similarity. We found ITV was relatively invariant across the species richness gradient. In addition, we found that species functional similarity increased with diversity. Contrary to the expectation from classic biodiversity theory, our results rather suggest that neutral processes or equalizing mechanisms can be acting as potential drivers shaping community assembly in hyperdiverse forests. © This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 public domain dedication. |
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Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro-UFRRJ, Departamento de Ciencias Ambientais-DCA, Instituto de Florestas, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil |
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Export Date: 13 March 2017 |
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744 |
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Orivel, J.; Malé, P.-J.; Lauth, J.; Roux, O.; Petitclerc, F.; Dejean, A.; Leroy, C. |
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Trade-offs in an ant–plant–fungus mutualism |
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2017 |
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Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences |
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Proc Biol Sci |
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284 |
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1850 |
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20161679 |
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Species engaged in multiple, simultaneous mutualisms are subject to trade-offs in their mutualistic investment if the traits involved in each interaction are overlapping, which can lead to conflicts and affect the longevity of these associations. We investigate this issue via a tripartite mutualism involving an ant plant, two competing ant species and a fungus the ants cultivate to build galleries under the stems of their host plant to capture insect prey. The use of the galleries represents an innovative prey capture strategy compared with the more typical strategy of foraging on leaves. However, because of a limited worker force in their colonies, the prey capture behaviour of the ants results in a trade-off between plant protection (i.e. the ants patrol the foliage and attack intruders including herbivores) and ambushing prey in the galleries, which has a cascading effect on the fitness of all of the partners. The quantification of partners' traits and effects showed that the two ant species differed in their mutualistic investment. Less investment in the galleries (i.e. in fungal cultivation) translated into more benefits for the plant in terms of less herbivory and higher growth rates and vice versa. However, the greater vegetative growth of the plants did not produce a positive fitness effect for the better mutualistic ant species in terms of colony size and production of sexuals nor was the mutualist compensated by the wider dispersal of its queens. As a consequence, although the better ant mutualist is the one that provides more benefits to its host plant, its lower host–plant exploitation does not give this ant species a competitive advantage. The local coexistence of the ant species is thus fleeting and should eventually lead to the exclusion of the less competitive species. |
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745 |
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Aili, S.R.; Touchard, A.; Petitclerc, F.; Dejean, A.; Orivel, J.; Padula, M.P.; Escoubas, P.; Nicholson, G.M. |
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Combined Peptidomic and Proteomic Analysis of Electrically Stimulated and Manually Dissected Venom from the South American Bullet Ant Paraponera clavata |
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2017 |
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Journal of Proteome Research |
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J. Proteome Res. |
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16 |
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3 |
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1339-1351 |
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Ants have evolved venoms rich in peptides and proteins used for predation, defense, and communication. However, they remain extremely understudied due to the minimal amount of venom secreted by each ant. The present study investigated the differences in the proteome and peptidome of the venom from the bullet ant, Paraponera clavata. Venom samples were collected from a single colony either by manual venom gland dissection or by electrical stimulation and were compared using proteomic methods. Venom proteins were separated by 2D-PAGE and identified by nanoLC-ESI-QTOF MS/MS. Venom peptides were initially separated using C18 reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography, then analyzed by MALDI-TOF MS. The proteomic analysis revealed numerous proteins that could be assigned a biological function (total 94), mainly as toxins, or roles in cell regulation and transport. This investigation found that ca. 73% of the proteins were common to venoms collected by the two methods. The peptidomic analysis revealed a large number of peptides (total 309) but with <20% shared by the two collection methods. There was also a marked difference between venoms obtained by venom gland dissection from different ant colonies. These findings demonstrate the rich composition and variability of P. clavata venom. |
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American Chemical Society |
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1535-3893 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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746 |
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Chang, S.-S.; Quignard, F.; Clair, B. |
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The effect of sectioning and ultrasonication on the mesoporosity of poplar tension wood |
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2017 |
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Wood Science and Technology |
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51 |
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3 |
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507-516 |
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Increasing interest in understanding tension stress generation in tension wood with fibres having a gelatinous layer (G-layer) has focused attention on the specific role of this layer. To distinguish its contribution from those of other wall layers, the G-layer of wood sections was isolated by ultrasonication. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of sectioning and of the ultrasonic treatment on the mesoporosity of tension wood using nitrogen adsorption–desorption analysis. The results showed that the process of isolating the G-layer using ultrasonication strongly affects its mesoporosity. Most damage was found to occur during sectioning rather than as a result of the 15-min ultrasonic treatment. |
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1432-5225 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Chang2017 |
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782 |
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Fox Ramos, A.E.; Alcover, C.; Evanno, L.; Maciuk, A.; Litaudon, M.; Duplais, C.; Bernadat, G.; Gallard, J.-F.; Jullian, J.-C.; Mouray, E.; Grellier, P.; Loiseau, P.M.; Pomel, S.; Poupon, E.; Champy, P.; Beniddir, M.A. |
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Revisiting Previously Investigated Plants: A Molecular Networking-Based Study of Geissospermum laeve |
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Journal Article |
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2017 |
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Journal of Natural Products |
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80 |
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4 |
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1007-1014 |
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Three new monoterpene indole alkaloids (1-3) have been isolated from the bark of Geissospermum laeve, together with the known alkaloids (−)-leuconolam (4), geissolosimine (5), and geissospermine (6). The structures of 1-3 were elucidated by analysis of their HRMS and NMR spectroscopic data. The absolute configuration of geissolaevine (1) was deduced from the comparison of experimental and theoretically calculated ECD spectra. The isolation workflow was guided by a molecular networking-based dereplication strategy using an in-house database of monoterpene indole alkaloids. In addition, five known compounds previously undescribed in the Geissospermum genus were dereplicated from the G. laeve alkaloid extract network and were assigned with various levels of identification confidence. The antiparasitic activities against Plasmodium falciparum and Leishmania donovani as well as the cytotoxic activity against the MRC-5 cell line were determined for compounds 1-5. © 2017 The American Chemical Society and American Society of Pharmacognosy. |
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Équipe Chimiothérapie Antiparasitaire BioCIS, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 5 Rue J.-B. Clément, Châtenay-Malabry, France |
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Export Date: 18 May 2017 |
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752 |
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Wagner, F.H.; Herault, B.; Rossi, V.; Hilker, T.; Maeda, E.E.; Sanchez, A.; Lyapustin, A.I.; Galvão, L.S.; Wang, Y.; Aragão, L.E.O.C. |
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Climate drivers of the Amazon forest greening |
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2017 |
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PLoS ONE |
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12 |
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7 |
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e0180932 |
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Our limited understanding of the climate controls on tropical forest seasonality is one of the biggest sources of uncertainty in modeling climate change impacts on terrestrial ecosystems. Combining leaf production, litterfall and climate observations from satellite and ground data in the Amazon forest, we show that seasonal variation in leaf production is largely triggered by climate signals, specifically, insolation increase (70.4% of the total area) and precipitation increase (29.6%). Increase of insolation drives leaf growth in the absence of water limitation. For these non-water-limited forests, the simultaneous leaf flush occurs in a sufficient proportion of the trees to be observed from space. While tropical cycles are generally defined in terms of dry or wet season, we show that for a large part of Amazonia the increase in insolation triggers the visible progress of leaf growth, just like during spring in temperate forests. The dependence of leaf growth initiation on climate seasonality may result in a higher sensitivity of these ecosystems to changes in climate than previously thought.This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
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College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom |
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Export Date: 3 August 2017 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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760 |
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Torroba-Balmori, P.; Budde, K.B.; Heer, K.; González-Martínez, S.C.; Olsson, S.; Scotti-Saintagne, C.; Casalis, M.; Sonké, B.; Dick, C.W.; Heuertz, M. |
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Altitudinal gradients, biogeographic history and microhabitat adaptation affect fine-scale spatial genetic structure in African and Neotropical populations of an ancient tropical tree species |
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2017 |
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PLoS ONE |
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PLoS ONE |
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12 |
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8 |
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e0182515 |
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The analysis of fine-scale spatial genetic structure (FSGS) within populations can provide insights into eco-evolutionary processes. Restricted dispersal and locally occurring genetic drift are the primary causes for FSGS at equilibrium, as described in the isolation by distance (IBD) model. Beyond IBD expectations, spatial, environmental or historical factors can affect FSGS. We examined FSGS in seven African and Neotropical populations of the late-successional rain forest tree Symphonia globulifera L. f. (Clusiaceae) to discriminate the influence of drift-dispersal vs. landscape/ecological features and historical processes on FSGS. We used spatial principal component analysis and Bayesian clustering to assess spatial genetic heterogeneity at SSRs and examined its association with plastid DNA and habitat features. African populations (from Cameroon and São Tomé) displayed a stronger FSGS than Neotropical populations at both marker types (mean Sp = 0.025 vs. Sp = 0.008 at SSRs) and had a stronger spatial genetic heterogeneity. All three African populations occurred in pronounced altitudinal gradients, possibly restricting animal-mediated seed dispersal. Cyto-nuclear disequilibria in Cameroonian populations also suggested a legacy of biogeographic history to explain these genetic patterns. Conversely, Neotropical populations exhibited a weaker FSGS, which may reflect more efficient wide-ranging seed dispersal by Neotropical bats and other dispersers. The population from French Guiana displayed an association of plastid haplotypes with two morphotypes characterized by differential habitat preferences. Our results highlight the importance of the microenvironment for eco-evolutionary processes within persistent tropical tree populations. © 2017 Torroba-Balmori et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
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Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama |
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Export Date: 2 September 2017 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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762 |
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Talaga, S.; Leroy, C.; Guidez, A.; Dusfour, I.; Girod, R.; Dejean, A.; Murienne, J. |
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DNA reference libraries of French Guianese mosquitoes for barcoding and metabarcoding |
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2017 |
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PLoS ONE |
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PLoS ONE |
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12 |
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6 |
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e0176993 |
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The mosquito family (Diptera: Culicidae) constitutes the most medically important group of arthropods because certain species are vectors of human pathogens. In some parts of the world, the diversity is so high that the accurate delimitation and/or identification of species is challenging. A DNA-based identification system for all animals has been proposed, the socalled DNA barcoding approach. In this study, our objectives were (i) to establish DNA barcode libraries for the mosquitoes of French Guiana based on the COI and the 16S markers, (ii) to compare distance-based and tree-based methods of species delimitation to traditional taxonomy, and (iii) to evaluate the accuracy of each marker in identifying specimens. A total of 266 specimens belonging to 75 morphologically identified species or morphospecies were analyzed allowing us to delimit 86 DNA clusters with only 21 of them already present in the BOLD database. We thus provide a substantial contribution to the global mosquito barcoding initiative. Our results confirm that DNA barcodes can be successfully used to delimit and identify mosquito species with only a few cases where the marker could not distinguish closely related species. Our results also validate the presence of new species identified based on morphology, plus potential cases of cryptic species. We found that both COI and 16S markers performed very well, with successful identifications at the species level of up to 98% for COI and 97% for 16S when compared to traditional taxonomy. This shows great potential for the use of metabarcoding for vector monitoring and eco-epidemiological studies. © 2017 Talaga et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
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UMR EDB, CNRS, ENFA, Université de Toulouse Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France |
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Export Date: 22 June 2017 |
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757 |
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Gruhn, G.; Dumez, S.; Moreau, P.-A.; Roy, M.; Morreale, O.; Schimann, H.; Courtecuisse, R.. |
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The genus Resinicium in French Guiana and the West Indies: a morphological and molecular survey, revealing Resinicium grandisporum sp. nov. |
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2017 |
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Cryptogamie, Mycologie |
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38 |
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4 |
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1-15 |
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A revision of Resinicium collections (Basidiomycota, Hymenochaetales) from French Guiana and French West Indies is provided, and a new species, Resinicium grandisporum sp. nov., supported by morphological as well as phylogenetic analyses based on ITS DNA sequences, is described and illustrated. An updated key of the genus Resinicium is also provided, which includes species previously described from outside of the studied area. |
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