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Sist, P.; Nguyen-The, N. |
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Title |
Logging damage and the subsequent dynamics of a dipterocarp forest in East Kalimantan (1990-1996) |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Forest Ecology and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
For. Ecol. Manage. |
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Volume |
165 |
Issue  |
1-3 |
Pages |
85-103 |
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The effects of logging damage on forest dynamics processes were assessed in a lowland dipterocarp forest of East Kalimantan, Indonesia. From 1990 to 1991, twelve 4 ha plots (200 m x 200 m) each divided into four I ha subplots were set up and all trees with dbh greater than or equal to 10 cm measured and identified at least at the generic level. Logging was carried out from November 1991 to March 1992 in nine plots while three plots served as control. The 48 subplots were grouped according to the proportion Of remaining basal area after harvesting, as follows: group I with more than 80% of the original basal area remaining, group 2 with 70-79%, group 3 with less than 70%, and group 4 as control plots. Remeasurements were carried out just after logging in 1992 and then every 2 years until 1996. Felling intensity varied from I to 17 stems ha(-1) (50-250 m(3) ha(-1)). In primary forest, mean annual mortality remained constant to 1.5% per year throughout the study period while mean annual mortality rate was significantly higher in logged-over forest (2.6% per year). This higher rate resulted from a higher mortality of injured trees (4.9% per year). Four years after logging, mortality rates in logged-over and primary forest were similar. Recruitment remained constant at 8 trees ha(-1) per year in primary forest and varied from 14 to 32 trees ha(-1) per year in logged-over stand in proportion with the amount of damage. In stands with the lowest remaining basal area, the establishment and growth of dipterocarps was strongly limited by the strong regeneration of pioneer species. This study suggests that total basal area removed by logging in primary forest (harvested trees and trees killed during felling and skidding) should not exceed 15% of the original one; reduced-impact logging (RIL) techniques applied with a maximum harvesting intensity of 8 trees ha(-1), can keep logging damage under this threshold. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. |
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0378-1127 |
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WOS:000176620100008 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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312 |
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Rodrigues, A.M.S.; Theodoro, P.N.E.T.; Eparvier, V.; Basset, C.; Silva, M.R.R.; Beauchene, J.; Espindola, L.S.; Stien, D. |
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Title |
Search for Antifungal Compounds from the Wood of Durable Tropical Trees |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Journal of Natural Products |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Nat. Prod. |
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73 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
1706-1707 |
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Research on antifungal compounds from the durable wood from French Guiana Amazonian forest trees highlights the correlation between the activity of their extracts against wood-rotting fungi and human pathogens. The fractionation of an ethyl acetate extract of Sextonia rubra wood led to the isolation of rubrenolide (1) and rubrynolide (2). The potential of compounds 1 and 2 is described through the evaluation of their activity against 16 pathogenic fungi and their cytotoxicity toward NIH-3T3 mammalian fibroblast cells. |
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[Rodrigues, Alice M. S.; Eparvier, Veronique; Basset, Charlie; Espindola, Laila S.; Stien, Didier] Univ Antilles Guyane, CNRS, UMR ECOFOG, F-97300 Cayenne, France, Email: darvenne@unb.br |
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AMER CHEMICAL SOC |
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0163-3864 |
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ISI:000283288900015 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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25 |
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Revel, M.; Dejean, A.; Cereghino, R.; Roux, O. |
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Title |
An Assassin among Predators: The Relationship between Plant-Ants, Their Host Myrmecophytes and the Reduviidae Zelus annulosus |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
PLoS One |
Abbreviated Journal |
PLoS One |
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Volume |
5 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
e13110 |
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Tropical plants frequently live in association with ants that protect their foliage from defoliators. Among them, myrmecophytes have evolved mutualisms with a limited number of plant-ants that they shelter and feed, and, in return, benefit from some protection. Hirtella physophora (Chrysobalanaceae), for example, houses Allomerus decemarticulatus (Myrmicinae) that build gallery-shaped traps to catch large prey. In French Guiana, we frequently observed the assassin bug Zelus annulosus (Reduviidae, Harpactorinae) on the leaves of H. physophora. Here, we studied the distribution of Zelus annulosus among understory plants in the Guianese rainforest and found it only on pubescent plants, including H. Physophora, whether or not it was sheltering an A. decemarticulatus colony, but only rarely on other myrmecophytes. The relationship between Z. annulosus and its host plants is, then, also mutualistic, as the plant trichomes act as an enemy-free space protecting the nymphs from large predatory ants, while the nymphs protect their host-plants from herbivorous insects. Through their relationship with A. decemarticulatus colonies, Z. annulosus individuals are protected from army ants, while furnishing nothing in return. In those cases where H. physophora sheltered both an A. decemarticulatus colony and Z. annulosus nymphs, certain plant individuals repeatedly sheltered nymphs, indicating that female bugs may select not only pubescent plants but also particular H. physophora treelets having characteristics more favourable to the development of their progeny. |
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[Revel, Messika; Dejean, Alain; Roux, Olivier] Ecofog Ecol Forets Guyane, CNRS, UMR 8172, Kourou, France, Email: olivier.roux@ecofog.gf |
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PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE |
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ISSN |
1932-6203 |
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ISI:000282359300014 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
29 |
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Delph, L.F.; Arntz, A.M.; Scotti-Saintagne, C.; Scotti, I. |
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Title |
The Genomic Architecture of Sexual Dimorphism in the Dioecious Plant Silene Latifolia |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Evolution |
Abbreviated Journal |
Evolution |
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Volume |
64 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
2873-2886 |
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Artificial selection; genetic correlations; linkage map; sex-specific expression; sexual conflict |
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Evaluating the genetic architecture of sexual dimorphism can aid our understanding of the extent to which shared genetic control of trait variation versus sex-specific control impacts the evolutionary dynamics of phenotypic change within each sex. We performed a QTL analysis on Silene latifolia to evaluate the contribution of sex-specific QTL to phenotypic variation in 46 traits, whether traits involved in trade-offs had colocalized QTL, and whether the distribution of sex-specific loci can explain differences between the sexes in their variance/covariance matrices. We used a backcross generation derived from two artificial-selection lines. We found that sex-specific QTL explained a significantly greater percent of the variation in sexually dimorphic traits than loci expressed in both sexes. Genetically correlated traits often had colocalized QTL, whose signs were in the expected direction. Lastly, traits with different genetic correlations within the sexes displayed a disproportionately high number of sex-specific QTL, and more QTL co-occurred in males than females, suggesting greater trait integration. These results show that sex differences in QTL patterns are congruent with theory on the resolution of sexual conflict and differences based on G-matrix results. They also suggest that trade-offs and trait integration are likely to affect males more than females. |
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[Delph, Lynda F.; Arntz, A. Michele; Scotti, Ivan] Indiana Univ, Dept Biol, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA, Email: ldelph@indiana.edu |
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WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC |
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0014-3820 |
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Notes |
ISI:000282573800006 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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31 |
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Lebrini, M.; Robert, F.; Vezin, H.; Roos, C. |
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Title |
Electrochemical and quantum chemical studies of some indole derivatives as corrosion inhibitors for C38 steel in molar hydrochloric acid |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Corrosion Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Corrosion Sci. |
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Volume |
52 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
3367-3376 |
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Keywords |
Steel; EIS; Raman spectroscopy; Polarization; Acid inhibition |
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Abstract |
A comparative study of 9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole (norharmane) and 1-methyl-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole (harmane) as inhibitors for C38 steel corrosion in 1 M HCl solution at 25 degrees C was carried out. Potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques were applied to study the metal corrosion behavior in the absence and presence of different concentrations of these inhibitors. The OCP as a function of time were also established. Cathodic and anodic polarization curves show that norharmane and harmane are a mixed-type inhibitors. Adsorption of indole derivatives on the C38 steel surface, in 1 M HCl solution, follows the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. The Delta G degrees(ads) values were calculated and discussed. The potential of zero charge (PZC) of the C38 steel in inhibited solution was studied by the EIS method, and a mechanism for the adsorption process was proposed. Raman spectroscopy confirmed that indole molecules strongly adsorbed onto the steel surface. The electronic properties of indole derivates, obtained using the AM1 semi-empirical quantum chemical approach, were correlated with their experimental efficiencies using the linear resistance model (LR). (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
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Address |
[Robert, F.; Roos, C.] UAG UMR ECOFOG, Lab Mat & Mol Milieu Amazonien, Cayenne 97337, French Guiana, Email: christophe.roos@guyane.univ-ag.fr |
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PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD |
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ISSN |
0010-938X |
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Notes |
ISI:000281315500026 |
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no |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
44 |
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Dejean, A.; Leroy, C.; Corbara, B.; Cereghino, R.; Roux, O.; Herault, B.; Rossi, V.; Guerrero, R.J.; Delabie, J.H.C.; Orivel, J.; Boulay, R. |
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Title |
A temporary social parasite of tropical plant-ants improves the fitness of a myrmecophyte |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Naturwissenschaften |
Abbreviated Journal |
Naturwissenschaften |
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Volume |
97 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
925-934 |
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Keywords |
Ant-plant relationships; Biotic defense; Parasites of mutualisms; Temporary social parasites; Azteca; Cecropia |
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Abstract |
Myrmecophytes offer plant-ants a nesting place in exchange for protection from their enemies, particularly defoliators. These obligate ant-plant mutualisms are common model systems for studying factors that allow horizontally transmitted mutualisms to persist since parasites of ant-myrmecophyte mutualisms exploit the rewards provided by host plants whilst providing no protection in return. In pioneer formations in French Guiana, Azteca alfari and Azteca ovaticeps are known to be mutualists of myrmecophytic Cecropia (Cecropia ants). Here, we show that Azteca andreae, whose colonies build carton nests on myrmecophytic Cecropia, is not a parasite of Azteca-Cecropia mutualisms nor is it a temporary social parasite of A. alfari; it is, however, a temporary social parasite of A. ovaticeps. Contrarily to the two mutualistic Azteca species that are only occasional predators feeding mostly on hemipteran honeydew and food bodies provided by the host trees, A. andreae workers, which also attend hemipterans, do not exploit the food bodies. Rather, they employ an effective hunting technique where the leaf margins are fringed with ambushing workers, waiting for insects to alight. As a result, the host trees' fitness is not affected as A. andreae colonies protect their foliage better than do mutualistic Azteca species resulting in greater fruit production. Yet, contrarily to mutualistic Azteca, when host tree development does not keep pace with colony growth, A. andreae workers forage on surrounding plants; the colonies can even move to a non-Cecropia tree. |
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[Dejean, Alain; Leroy, Celine; Roux, Olivier; Orivel, Jerome] CNRS, F-97379 Kourou, France, Email: alain.dejean@wanadoo.fr |
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SPRINGER |
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0028-1042 |
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ISI:000282094100006 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
77 |
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Author |
Bourguignon, T.; Sobotnik, J.; Lepoint, G.; Martin, J.M.; Roisin, Y. |
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Title |
Niche differentiation among neotropical soldierless soil-feeding termites revealed by stable isotope ratios |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Soil Biology & Biochemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
Soil Biol. Biochem. |
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Volume |
41 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
2038-2043 |
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Keywords |
Anoplotermes; Termitidae; Isoptera; Resource partitioning; Food web; Decomposition gradient |
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Abstract |
Termites represent one of the most abundant belowground animal taxa in tropical rainforests, where their species richness is much higher than in any other ecosystem. This high diversity in soil ecosystems is however difficult to explain by classical Hutchinsonian niche theory, as there is little evidence for spatial or temporal separation between species. Using delta C-13 and delta N-15 isotopic ratios, we tested if resource partitioning along the humification gradient occurs; in neotropical soldierless termites of the Anoplotermes-group. Two distinct sites were investigated to check if interspecific differences are transposable between sites. Significant differences in delta N-15 were found between species of the Anoplotermes-group. Although some species displayed higher intersite delta N-15 variation than others, species-average delta N-15 values for both sites were highly correlated, showing that sympatric soldierless soil-feeding termites feed on distinct components of the soil. Our data also suggest that some species are more likely to shift along this gradient than others, in response to overall habitat conditions or to the presence of competitors. Feeding niche differentiation can therefore account for the high species richness and diversity of soldierless soil-feeding termites in neotropical rainforests. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
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[Bourguignon, Thomas; Roisin, Yves] Univ Libre Bruxelles, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, Email: yroisin@ulb.ac.be |
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PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD |
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0038-0717 |
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ISI:000271047800003 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
98 |
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Cachet, N.; Hoakwie, F.; Bertani, S.; Bourdy, G.; Deharo, E.; Stien, D.; Houel, E.; Gornitzka, H.; Fillaux, J.; Chevalley, S.; Valentin, A.; Jullian, V. |
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Title |
Antimalarial Activity of Simalikalactone E, a New Quassinoid from Quassia amara L. (Simaroubaceae) |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy |
Abbreviated Journal |
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. |
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Volume |
53 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
4393-4398 |
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Abstract |
We report the isolation and identification of a new quassinoid named simalikalactone E (SkE), extracted from a widely used Amazonian antimalarial remedy made out of Quassia amara L. (Simaroubaceae) leaves. This new molecule inhibited the growth of Plasmodium falciparum cultured in vitro by 50%, in the concentration range from 24 to 68 nM, independently of the strain sensitivity to chloroquine. We also showed that this compound was able to decrease gametocytemia with a 50% inhibitory concentration sevenfold lower than that of primaquine. SkE was found to be less toxic than simalikalactone D (SkD), another antimalarial quassinoid from Q. amara, and its cytotoxicity on mammalian cells was dependent on the cell line, displaying a good selectivity index when tested on nontumorogenic cells. In vivo, SkE inhibited murine malaria growth of Plasmodium vinckei petteri by 50% at 1 and 0.5 mg/kg of body weight/day, by the oral or intraperitoneal routes, respectively. The contribution of quassinoids as a source of antimalarial molecules needs therefore to be reconsidered. |
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[Cachet, N.; Hoakwie, F.; Bourdy, G.; Deharo, E.; Chevalley, S.; Valentin, A.; Jullian, V.] Univ Toulouse, UPS, Lab Pharmacochim Subst Nat & Pharmacophores Redox, UMR 152, F-31062 Toulouse 9, France, Email: jullian@cict.fr |
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AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY |
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0066-4804 |
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ISI:000270020600047 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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103 |
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Author |
Almeras, T. |
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Title |
Mechanical analysis of the strains generated by water tension in plant stems. Part II: strains in wood and bark and apparent compliance |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Tree Physiology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Tree Physiol. |
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Volume |
28 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
1513-1523 |
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Keywords |
biomechanics; calibration; diurnal strains; mechanical model; multilayer cylinder; water potential |
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Abstract |
Tree steins shrink in diameter during the day and swell during the night in response to changes in water tension in the xylem. Stein shrinkage can easily be measured in a nondestructive way, to derive continuous information about tree water status. The relationship between the strain and the change in water tension can be evaluated by empirical calibrations, or can be related to the structure of the plant. A mechanical analysis was performed to make this relationship explicit. The stem is modeled as a cylinder made of multiple layers of tissues, including heartwood, sapwood, and inner and outer bark. The effect of changes in water tension on the apparent strain at the surface of a tissue is quantified as a function of parameters defining stem anatomy and the mechanical properties of the tissues. Various possible applications in the context of tree physiology are suggested. |
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Address |
INRA UMR Ecofog, Kourou 97379, French Guiana, Email: t_almeras@hotmail.com |
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Publisher |
HERON PUBLISHING |
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0829-318X |
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Notes |
ISI:000260027200009 |
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no |
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Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
129 |
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Author |
Grangier, J.; Dejean, A.; Male, P.J.G.; Orivel, J. |
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Title |
Indirect defense in a highly specific ant-plant mutualism |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Naturwissenschaften |
Abbreviated Journal |
Naturwissenschaften |
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Volume |
95 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
909-916 |
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Keywords |
Allomerus decemarticulatus; Hirtella physophora; indirect defense; myrmecophytes; optimal defense theory |
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Abstract |
Although associations between myrmecophytes and their plant ants are recognized as a particularly effective form of protective mutualism, their functioning remains incompletely understood. This field study examined the ant-plant Hirtella physophora and its obligate ant associate Allomerus decemarticulatus. We formulated two hypotheses on the highly specific nature of this association: (1) Ant presence should be correlated with a marked reduction in the amount of herbivory on the plant foliage; (2) ant activity should be consistent with the “optimal defense” theory predicting that the most vulnerable and valuable parts of the plant are the best defended. We validated the first hypothesis by demonstrating that for ant-excluded plants, expanding leaves, but also newly matured ones in the long term, suffered significantly more herbivore damage than ant-inhabited plants. We showed that A. decemarticulatus workers represent both constitutive and inducible defenses for their host, by patrolling its foliage and rapidly recruiting nestmates to foliar wounds. On examining how these activities change according to the leaves' developmental stage, we found that the number of patrolling ants dramatically decreased as the leaves matured, while leaf wounds induced ant recruitment regardless of the leaf's age. The resulting level of these indirect defenses was roughly proportional to leaf vulnerability and value during its development, thus validating our second hypothesis predicting optimal protection. This led us to discuss the factors influencing ant activity on the plant's surface. Our study emphasizes the importance of studying both the constitutive and inducible components of indirect defense when evaluating its efficacy and optimality. |
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[Grangier, Julien; Dejean, Alain; Male, Pierre-Jean G.; Orivel, Jerome] Univ Toulouse 3, Lab Evolut & Diversite Biol, CNRS, UMR 5174, F-31062 Toulouse 9, France, Email: grangier@cict.fr |
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0028-1042 |
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ISI:000259737600002 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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207 |
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