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Author Bourguignon, T.; Sobotnik, J.; Lepoint, G.; Martin, J.M.; Hardy, O.J.; Dejean, A.; Roisin, Y. openurl 
  Title Feeding ecology and phylogenetic structure of a complex neotropical termite assemblage, revealed by nitrogen stable isotope ratios Type Journal Article
  Year 2011 Publication Ecological Entomology Abbreviated Journal Ecol. Entomol.  
  Volume 36 Issue 2 Pages 261-269  
  Keywords Diet diversity; feeding groups; Isoptera; phylogenetic autocorrelation  
  Abstract 2. Nitrogen stable isotopes (hereafter delta 15N) were used to place termites from French Guiana rainforests along a wood-soil decomposition gradient, to test (i) whether feeding group assignation based on morphological characters was accurate and actually represented diet specialisation thresholds, and (ii) to what extent the dietary specialization of species is explained by phylogeny (phylogenetic autocorrelation). 3. delta 15N values vary over a range of 13 parts per thousand, suggesting that diet diversification contributes to the high species diversity in French Guiana. delta 15N values span a similar interval in all Termitidae subfamilies. Ranges of different subfamilies broadly overlap, although each of them diversified preferentially on one side of the wood-soil decomposition gradient. Congeneric species share similar feeding habits, whereas distant species tend to feed on distinct substrates. 4. Feeding groups did not completely match stable isotope data: there was no discontinuity between Groups III and IV, and no correlation between anatomical criteria used to distinguish these groups and delta 15N values. Nor was there any consistent difference in delta 15N values between wood feeders of the families Rhinotermitidae (Group I) and Termitidae (Group II). We also suggest that species feeding outside the wood-soil gradient should be distinguished for their peculiar feeding requirements.  
  Address [Sobotnik, Jan] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Organ Chem & Biochem, Res Team Infochem, CR-16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic, Email: sobotnik@uochb.cas.cz  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Wiley-Blackwell Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0307-6946 ISBN (up) Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes ISI:000288456300016 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 302  
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Author Siebicke, L.; Steinfeld, G.; Foken, T. openurl 
  Title CO2-gradient measurements using a parallel multi-analyzer setup Type Journal Article
  Year 2011 Publication Atmospheric Measurement Techniques Abbreviated Journal Atmos. Meas. Tech.  
  Volume 4 Issue 3 Pages 409-423  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Accurate CO2 concentration gradient measurements are needed for the computation of advective flux terms, which are part of the full Net Ecosystem Exchange (NEE) budget equation. A typical draw back of current gradient measurement designs in advection research is the inadequate sampling of complex flow phenomena using too few observation points in space and time. To overcome this draw back, a new measurement design is presented which allows the parallel measurement of several sampling points at a high frequency. Due to the multi-analyzer nature of the design, inter-instrument bias becomes more of a concern compared to conventional setups. Therefore a statistical approach is presented which allows for accurate observations of concentration gradients, which are typically small in relation to analyzer accuracy, to be obtained. This bias correction approach applies a conditional, time dependent signal correction. The correction depends on a mixing index based on cross correlation analysis, which characterizes the degree of mixing of the atmosphere between individual sample points. The approach assumes statistical properties of probability density functions (pdf) of concentration differences between a sample point and the field average which are common to the pdf's from several sample points. The applicability of the assumptions made was tested by Large Eddy Simulation (LES) using the model PALM and could be verified for a test case of well mixed conditions. The study presents concentration time series before and after correction, measured at a 2 m height in the sub-canopy at the FLUXNET spruce forest site Waldstein-Weidenbrunnen (DE-Bay), analyzes the dependence of statistical parameters of pdf's from atmospheric parameters such as stratification, quantifies the errors and evaluates the performance of the bias correction approach. The improvements that are achieved by applying the bias correction approach are one order of magnitude larger than possible errors associated with it, which is a strong incentive to use the correction approach. In conclusion, the presented bias correction approach is well suited for – but not limited to – horizontal gradient measurements in a multi-analyzer setup, which would not have been reliable without this approach. Finally, possible future improvements of the bias correction approach are outlined and further fields of application indicated.  
  Address [Siebicke, L.; Foken, T.] Univ Bayreuth, Dept Micrometeorol, Bayreuth, Germany, Email: lukas.siebicke@ecofog.gf  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Copernicus Gesellschaft Mbh Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1867-1381 ISBN (up) Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes ISI:000288911000002 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 303  
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Author Fanin, N.; Hattenschwiler, S.; Barantal, S.; Schimann, H.; Fromin, N. openurl 
  Title Does variability in litter quality determine soil microbial respiration in an Amazonian rainforest? Type Journal Article
  Year 2011 Publication Soil Biology & Biochemistry Abbreviated Journal Soil Biol. Biochem.  
  Volume 43 Issue 5 Pages 1014-1022  
  Keywords Carbon forms; French Guiana; Litter quality; Microbial respiration process; Nitrogen; Phosphorus; Stoichiometry  
  Abstract Tree species-rich tropical rainforests are characterized by a highly variable quality of leaf litter input to the soil at small spatial scales. This diverse plant litter is a major source of energy and nutrients for soil microorganisms, particularly in rainforests developed on old and nutrient-impoverished soils. Here we tested the hypothesis that the variability in leaf litter quality produced by a highly diverse tree community determines the spatial variability of the microbial respiration process in the underlying soil. We analyzed a total of 225 litter-soil pairs from an undisturbed Amazonian rainforest in French Guiana using a hierarchical sampling design. The microbial respiration process was assessed using substrate-induced respiration (SIR) and compared to a wide range of quality parameters of the associated litter layer (litter nutrients, carbon forms, stoichiometry, litter mass and pH). The results show that the variability of both litter quality and SIR rates was more important at large than at small scales. SIR rates varied between 1.1 and 4.0 μg h(-1) and were significantly correlated with litter layer quality (up to 50% of the variability explained by the best mixed linear model). Total litter P content was the individual most important factor explaining the observed spatial variation in soil SIR, with higher rates associated to high litter P. SIR rates also correlated positively with total litter N content and with increasing proportions of labile C compounds. However, contrary to our expectation, SIR rates were not related to litter stoichiometry. These data suggest that in the studied Amazonian rainforest, tree canopy composition is an important driver of the microbial respiration process via leaf litter fall, resulting in potentially strong plant-soil feedbacks. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.  
  Address [Fanin, Nicolas; Haettenschwiler, Stephan; Barantal, Sandra; Fromin, Nathalie] CNRS, CEFE, UMR 5175, F-34293 Montpellier 5, France, Email: nicolas.fanin@cefe.cnrs.fr  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0038-0717 ISBN (up) Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes ISI:000289219500019 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 304  
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Author Ruelle, J.; Beauchene, J.; Yamamoto, H.; Thibaut, B. openurl 
  Title Variations in physical and mechanical properties between tension and opposite wood from three tropical rainforest species Type Journal Article
  Year 2011 Publication Wood Science and Technology Abbreviated Journal Wood Sci. Technol.  
  Volume 45 Issue 2 Pages 339-357  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Growth strains were measured in situ in nine trees of three species from a French Guiana tropical rainforest in a clearly active verticality restoration process. The aim was to detect tension wood within the samples. Wood specimens were cut in the vicinity of the growth strain measurements in order to determine the microfibril angle and some mechanical and physical properties. As suspected, tensile growth strain was much higher in tension wood zones, as shown by the slightly higher longitudinal modulus of elasticity. Conversely, tension wood showed reduced compression strength. Longitudinal shrinkage was much higher in tension wood than in opposite wood. Clear relationships between the microfibril angle and longitudinal properties were noted in comparison (i) with those observed in gymnosperm compression wood and (ii) with expected relationships from the organization of wood fibres cell wall structure.  
  Address [Ruelle, Julien; Yamamoto, Hiroyuki] Nagoya Univ, Grad Sch Bioagr Sci, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan, Email: julien.ruelle@ecofog.gf  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Springer Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0043-7719 ISBN (up) Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes ISI:000289477300013 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 305  
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Author Dejean, A.; Corbara, B.; Leroy, C.; Delabie, J.H.C.; Rossi, V.; Cereghino, R. pdf  openurl
  Title Inherited Biotic Protection in a Neotropical Pioneer Plant Type Journal Article
  Year 2011 Publication PLoS One Abbreviated Journal PLoS One  
  Volume 6 Issue 3 Pages e18071  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Chelonanthus alatus is a bat-pollinated, pioneer Gentianaceae that clusters in patches where still-standing, dried-out stems are interspersed among live individuals. Flowers bear circum-floral nectaries (CFNs) that are attractive to ants, and seed dispersal is both barochorous and anemochorous. Although, in this study, live individuals never sheltered ant colonies, dried-out hollow stems – that can remain standing for 2 years – did. Workers from species nesting in dried-out stems as well as from ground-nesting species exploited the CFNs of live C. alatus individuals in the same patches during the daytime, but were absent at night (when bat pollination occurs) on 60.5% of the plants. By visiting the CFNs, the ants indirectly protect the flowers – but not the plant foliage – from herbivorous insects. We show that this protection is provided mostly by species nesting in dried-out stems, predominantly Pseudomyrmex gracilis. That dried-out stems remain standing for years and are regularly replaced results in an opportunistic, but stable association where colonies are sheltered by one generation of dead C. alatus while the live individuals nearby, belonging to the next generation, provide them with nectar; in turn, the ants protect their flowers from herbivores. We suggest that the investment in wood by C. alatus individuals permitting still-standing, dried-out stems to shelter ant colonies constitutes an extended phenotype because foraging workers protect the flowers of live individuals in the same patch. Also, through this process these dried-out stems indirectly favor the reproduction (and so the fitness) of the next generation including both their own offspring and that of their siblings, all adding up to a potential case of inclusive fitness in plants.  
  Address [Dejean, Alain; Leroy, Celine] CNRS, Ecol Forets Guyane UMR CNRS 8172, Kourou, France, Email: alain.dejean@wanadoo.fr  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Public Library Science Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1932-6203 ISBN (up) Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes ISI:000289057200023 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 306  
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Author Ruiz-González, M.X.; Lauth, J.; Leroy, C.; Jauneau, A.; Gryta, H.; Jargeat, P.; Dejean, A.; Orivel, J. url  openurl
  Title An efficient protocol for isolating melanised chaetothyrialean anamorphic fungi associated with plant-ants Type Journal Article
  Year 2013 Publication Journal of Basic Microbiology Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 53 Issue 1 Pages 98-100  
  Keywords Allomerus ants; Black fungi; Chaetothyriales; Fluorescent staining; Isolation method  
  Abstract Because of their ecological characteristics, slow growth rates and the presence of contaminants, Chaetothyriales fungi associated with structures built by tropical plant-ants can be difficult to isolate with standard procedures. Here, we describe an easy-to-use protocol for obtaining pure cultures by using cotton as a first substrate. We have further found by means of fluorescent stains that nuclei concentrate either in young hyphae or in the tips of the hyphae. © 2012 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.  
  Address Université de Toulouse, ECOLAB, Toulouse, France  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
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  Language Summary Language Original Title  
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  Notes Export Date: 6 February 2013; Source: Scopus Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 461  
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Author Sist, P.; Brown, N. openurl 
  Title Silvicultural intensification for tropical forest conservation: a response to Fredericksen and Putz Type Journal Article
  Year 2004 Publication Biodiversity and Conservation Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 13 Issue 12 Pages 2381-2385  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0960-3115 ISBN (up) Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes WOS:000225691300011 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 308  
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Author Sist, P.; Fimbel, R.; Sheil, D.; Nasi, R.; Chevallier, M.H. openurl 
  Title Towards sustainable management of mixed dipterocarp forests of South-east Asia: moving beyond minimum diameter cutting limits Type Journal Article
  Year 2003 Publication Environmental Conservation Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 30 Issue 4 Pages 364-374  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Selective logging applied in tropical forests is based on one universal criterion: a minimum diameter cutting limit for all commercial timber species. Minimum diameter cutting limits in mixed dipterocarp forests of the Malesia region lead to high felling intensities (10-20+ trees ha(-1)). Such extraction rates create massive stand damage (> 50% of the remaining tree population), which has a negative impact on the regeneration and growth of many harvested dipterocarp, species. As such, the minimum diameter cutting limit approach is seldom compatible with sustainable forest management. Where basic ecological characteristics of the commercial species are considered in timber harvesting prescriptions, mixed dipterocarp, forests appear capable of sustained timber yields, habitat conservation, and providing other goods and services. This paper first presents the main silvicultural systems developed in mixed dipterocarp, forests of Western Malesia and then reviews current knowledge of dipterocarp, biology to finally develop guidelines aimed at improving the ecological sustainability of production forests of Western Malesia. These guidelines, a pragmatic reflection of science and 'best guess' judgement, include: (1) integration of reduced-impact logging practices into normal management operations; (2) cutting of eight trees ha(-1) or less (with a felling cycle of 40-60 years to be determined according to local conditions); (3) defining minimum diameter cutting limits according to the structure, density and diameter at reproduction of target species; (4) avoiding harvesting species with less than one adult tree ha(-1) (diameter at breast height [dbh] greater than or equal to 50 cm over an area of 50-100 ha); (5) minimizing the size and connectivity of gaps (< 600 m(2) whenever possible); (6) refraining from treatments such as understorey clearing; and (7) providing explicit protection for key forest species and the ecological processes they perform. Further refinement is encouraged to allow for local conditions, and for other forest types.  
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  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0376-8929 ISBN (up) Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes WOS:000188812100007 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 309  
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Author Sist, P.; Picard, N.; Gourlet-Fleury, S. openurl 
  Title Sustainable cutting cycle and yields in a lowland mixed dipterocarp forest of Borneo Type Journal Article
  Year 2003 Publication Annals of Forest Science Abbreviated Journal Ann. For. Sci.  
  Volume 60 Issue 8 Pages 803-814  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Based on a 6 year monitoring of the dynamics of a mixed dipterocarp forest in East Borneo (1990-1996), we built a matrix model to predict the sustainable cutting cycle in relation with the extraction and damage rates. Plots were ordered according to three main groups of damage and logging intensity. The first group G1 gathered slightly damaged plots with a remaining basal area greater than or equal to80% of the original (mean logging intensity = 6 trees ha(-1)). Plots belonging to G2, had a remaining basal area varying between 70 and 79% of the original one (mean logging intensity = 8 trees ha(-1)). Finally, G3 gathers highly damaged plots with a remaining basal area < 70% of the original one and a high logging intensity (mean = 14 trees ha(-1)). The mean sustainable cutting cycles predicted in the three groups were significantly different and equal 27, 41 and 89 years in G1, G2 and G3 respectively. However, the respective mean annual extracted volumes were similar: 1.6, 1.8 and 1.4 m(3) ha(-1) year(-1), respectively in G1, G2 and G3. The model suggests that a 40 year cycle, extracting 8 trees ha(-1) (60 m(3) ha(-1)) and an annual volume of 1.5 m(3) ha(-1) year(-1) is the best option to preserve ecological integrity of the forest, to ensure yield sustainability and, according to existing cost analysis, economic profitability. This result is also consistent with other studies which already demonstrated that logging damage reduction using RIL techniques could be only significant with a moderate felling intensity not exceeding 8 trees ha(-1). This felling intensity threshold can be easily achieved by applying simple harvesting rules.  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1286-4560 ISBN (up) Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes WOS:000221039000007 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 310  
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Author Sist, P.; Sheil, D.; Kartawinata, K.; Priyadi, H. openurl 
  Title Reduced-impact logging in Indonesian Borneo: some results confirming the need for new silvicultural prescriptions Type Journal Article
  Year 2003 Publication Forest Ecology and Management Abbreviated Journal For. Ecol. Manage.  
  Volume 179 Issue 1-3 Pages 415-427  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Reduced-impact logging (RIL) and conventional techniques (CNV) were compared in a mixed dipterocarp hill forest in East Kalimantan in three blocks of about 100 ha each. Damage was evaluated using pre- and post-harvesting assessments in 24 one-hectare sample plots. RIL techniques nearly halved the number of trees destroyed (36 vs 60 trees/ha). RIL's main benefit was in the reduction of skidding damage (9.5% of the original tree population in RIL vs 25% in CNV). Before logging, mean canopy openness in CNV (three plots only) and RIL (9 plots) was similar (3.6 and 3.1%) and not significantly different (x(2) = 2.73, P = 0.254). After logging, the mean canopy openness was 19.2% in CNV (n = 9 plots) and 13.3% in RIL (n = 8 plots), and the distributions of the canopy class in RIL and CNV significantly different x(2) = 43.56, P < 0.001). CNV plots showed a higher proportion of measurements in the most open class greater than or equal to30% than in RIL. At a larger scale, the area of skidtrail per unit timber volume extracted was halved in the RIL compartment (15 m(2) vs 27 m(2) m(-3) for CNV). However, under high felling intensity (>8 trees/ha), both stand damage and canopy disturbance in RIL approached those recorded in CNV under low or moderate felling regime. Over this felling intensity threshold the effectiveness of RIL in reducing tree damage is limited. In mixed dipterocarp forest where harvestable timber density generally exceeds 10 trees/ha, a minimum diameter felling limit is clearly insufficient to keep extraction rates below 8 trees/ha. Based on these new results and previous studies in Borneo, we suggest three silvicultural rules: (1) to keep a minimum distance between stumps of ca. 40 m, (2) to ensure only single tree gaps using directional felling, (3) to harvest only stems with 60-100 cm dbh. Foresters, policy makers and certifiers should consider these as criteria for sustainable forest management. We emphasise the need to expand harvesting studies to look at impacts and trade-offs across larger forest landscapes, to expand RIL beyond silvicultural concepts and to include the maintenance of other forest goods and services. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.  
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  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0378-1127 ISBN (up) Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes WOS:000183836300033 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 311  
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