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Castro, H.; Fortunel, C.; Freitas, H. |
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Title |
Effects of land abandonment on plant litter decomposition in a Montado system: relation to litter chemistry and community functional parameters |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Plant and Soil |
Abbreviated Journal |
Plant Soil |
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Volume |
333 |
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1-2 |
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181-190 |
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Ecosystem processes; Land use change; Leaf dry matter content; Life form; Litter quality; Mediterranean |
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Abstract |
Changes in land use and subsequent shifts in vegetation can influence decomposition through changes in litter quality (chemistry and structure) and alterations of soil temperature and moisture. Our aim was to study the effects of land abandonment on litter decomposition in a Mediterranean area of Montado, South Portugal. We tested the hypothesis that decomposition tends to slow down with abandonment, as woody species, richer in lignified structures, replace herbaceous species. We assessed the decomposition of community litter in situ using litterbag technique. To test the influence of local conditions, we simultaneously incubated a standard litter in situ. Our results showed that the shift from herbaceous to shrub-dominated communities lead to decreased decomposition rates. Changes in litter decomposition were primarily driven by changes in litter quality, even though the uneven pattern of litter mass loss over the experiment might reveal an effect from possible differences in microclimate. Shrub litter had higher nutrient content than herbaceous litter, which seemed to favour higher initial decomposition rates, but lower decomposition rate in the longer term. Shrubs also contribute to woody litter, richer in lignin, and secondary compounds that retard decomposition, and may play a role in increasing pools of slowly decomposing organic matter. |
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[Castro, Helena; Freitas, Helena] Univ Coimbra, Dept Life Sci, Ctr Funct Ecol, P-3001401 Coimbra, Portugal, Email: hecastro@ci.uc.pt |
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0032-079X |
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ISI:000280089400015 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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49 |
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Latouche-Hallé, C.; Ramboer, A.; Bandou, E.; Caron, H.; Kremer, A. |
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Title |
Nuclear and chloroplast genetic structure indicate fine-scale spatial dynamics in a neotropical tree population |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2003 |
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Heredity |
Abbreviated Journal |
Heredity |
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Volume |
91 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
181-190 |
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Dicorynia guianensis; Gene flow; Genetic differentiation; Microsatellites; Spatial analysis; Tropical tree; gene flow; genetic structure; population genetics; spatial analysis; tree; tropical forest; Cell Nucleus; Chloroplasts; Cohort Studies; DNA, Plant; French Guiana; Genetic Markers; Pollen; Population Dynamics; Seeds; Trees; Variation (Genetics); French Guiana; Dicorynia guianensis; Embryophyta |
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Dicorynia guianensis is a canopy tree, endemic to the tropical rain forest of French Guiana. We compared generational and spatial genetic structure for maternally and biparentally inherited markers in two cohorts (adult and seedling) in order to infer processes shaping the distribution of genetic diversity. The study was conducted on a 40 ha study plot located at Paracou near Kourou, where 172 adults trees and 375 saplings were sampled. Aggregation of trees was therefore suggested at different distances, ranging from 100 to 400 m. There was a strong link between demographic and genetic spatial structures at small distances (less than 100 m) that is likely to be the consequence of restricted seed dispersal. Genetic differentiation was more pronounced between spatial aggregates than between cohorts. Despite the spatial differentiation, the species was able to maintain high levels of diversity for maternal genomes, suggesting rapid turnover of aggregates. Spatial autocorrelation was larger for chloroplast than nuclear markers indicating a strong asymmetry between pollen and seed flow. Fixation indices indicated a lower heterozygote deficiency for the adults, maybe because of gradual elimination of selfed trees. Genetic relatedness at lower distances was higher in adult trees than in saplings, as a result of generation overlapping in the adult cohort. Overall, our results confirm earlier biological knowledge about the dispersion mechanisms of the species, and lead to an enhanced role of spatial processes in the dynamics of genetic diversity of D. guianensis. |
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INRA Lab. Genet. Arbres Forestiers, BP45, 33611 Gazinet Cedex, France |
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0018067x (Issn) |
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Cited By (since 1996): 34; Export Date: 22 October 2011; Source: Scopus; Coden: Hdtya; doi: 10.1038/sj.hdy.6800296; PubMed ID: 12886285; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Caron, H.; INRA Lab. Genet. Arbres Forestiers, BP45, 33611 Gazinet Cedex, France; email: caron@pierroton.inra.fr; Chemicals/CAS: DNA, Plant; Genetic Markers |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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358 |
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Author |
Vedel, V.; Scotti, I. |
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Title |
Promoting the promoter |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Plant Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Plant Sci. |
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Volume |
180 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
182-189 |
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cis-Regulation; Evolutionary and developmental biology; Integrative evolution; Plant development; Population genetics; Transcription |
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Recent evolutionary studies clearly indicate that evolution is mainly driven by changes in the complex mechanisms of gene regulation and not solely by polymorphism in protein-encoding genes themselves. After a short description of the cis-regulatory mechanism, we intend in this review to argue that by applying newly available technologies and by merging research areas such as evolutionary and developmental biology, population genetics, ecology and molecular cell biology it is now possible to study evolution in an integrative way. We contend that, by analysing the effects of promoter sequence variation on phenotypic diversity in natural populations, we will soon be able to break the barrier between the study of extant genetic variability and the study of major developmental changes. This will lead to an integrative view of evolution at different scales. Because of their sessile nature and their continuous development, plants must permanently regulate their gene expression to react to their environment, and can, therefore, be considered as a remarkable model for these types of studies. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. |
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[Vedel, Vincent; Scotti, Ivan] INRA, UMR ECOFOG, Kourou 97387, French Guiana, Email: vincent.vedel@ecofog.gf |
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ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD |
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0168-9452 |
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ISI:000286562200002 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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291 |
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Corbara, B.; Servigne, P.; Dejean, A.; Carpenter, J.M.; Orivel, J. |
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A mimetic nesting association between a timid social wasp and an aggressive arboreal ant |
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Journal Article |
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2018 |
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Comptes Rendus Biologies |
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341 |
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3 |
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182-188 |
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Ant-wasp interactions; ; ; Mimicry; Nest site selection; Relations guêpes-fourmis; ; ; Mimétisme; Sélection du site de nidification |
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In French Guiana, the arboreal nests of the swarm-founding social wasp Protopolybia emortualis (Polistinae) are generally found near those of the arboreal dolichoderine ant Dolichoderus bidens. These wasp nests are typically protected by an envelope, which in turn is covered by an additional carton ‘shelter’ with structure resembling the D. bidens nests. A few wasps constantly guard their nest to keep D. bidens workers from approaching. When alarmed by a strong disturbance, the ants invade the host tree foliage whereas the wasps retreat into their nest. Notably, there is no chemical convergence in the cuticular profiles of the wasps and ants sharing a tree. The aggressiveness of D. bidens likely protects the wasps from army ant raids, but the ants do not benefit from the presence of the wasps; therefore, this relationship corresponds to a kind of commensalism. Résumé En Guyane française, les nids de la guêpe Protopolybia emortualis (Polistinae) se trouvent généralement à proximité de ceux de la fourmi arboricole Dolichoderus bidens (Dolichoderinae). Ces nids de guêpes sont typiquement protégés par une enveloppe de carton, elle-même recouverte d’une autre enveloppe formant un abri qui ressemble aux nids de carton de D. bidens. Quelques guêpes gardent leur nid en permanence afin de tenir à distance les ouvrières D. bidens. Alarmées par une forte perturbation, les fourmis envahissent tout le feuillage de leur arbre support alors que les guêpes se réfugient dans leur nid. Il n’y a pas de convergence chimique entre les profils cuticulaires des guêpes et ceux des fourmis associées. Il est très probable que les P. emortualis bénéficient d’une protection contre les fourmis légionnaires grâce à l’agressivité des D. bidens, mais il n’y a pas réciprocité, de sorte que cette relation correspond à une forme de commensalisme. |
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1631-0691 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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825 |
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Groc, S.; Orivel, J.; Dejean, A.; Martin, J.M.; Etienne, M.P.; Corbara, B.; Delabie, J.H.C. |
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Title |
Baseline study of the leaf-litter ant fauna in a French Guianese forest |
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Journal Article |
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2009 |
Publication |
Insect Conservation and Diversity |
Abbreviated Journal |
Insect. Conserv. Divers. |
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2 |
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3 |
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183-193 |
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Ants of the Leaf Litter Protocol; baseline study; leaf-litter ants; Nouragues; Winkler method |
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1. Leaf-litter ants represent a major component of biodiversity and are excellent bioindicators reflecting the health of terrestrial ecosystems. This study, conducted in an unspoiled forest near the Nouragues Research Station, represents the first inventory of leaf-litter ant diversity conducted in French Guiana, and so can be considered as the baseline dataset for ants in this country. 2. Ants were extracted from the leaf-litter using the Ants of the Leaf Litter Protocol, along an altitudinal gradient at four forest sites, including an inselberg. 3. A total of 196 ant species representing 46 genera distributed over eight subfamilies were collected. Four distinct communities spread over a gradient of diversity were thus identified: the liana forest was the most species-rich (140 species) followed by the forested plateau (102 species), the transition forest (87 species) and the forest at the top of the inselberg (71 species). 4. The discovery of species new to science plus several species recorded for the first time in French Guiana, coupled with the particular context of this area, suggests that the Nouragues Research Station might represent a centre of endemism. Once completed, this leaf-litter ant dataset will contribute greatly to the knowledge of ant biodiversity in French Guiana, and has the potential to progressively become an indispensable tool for country-wide conservation planning programmes. |
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[Groc, Sarah; Dejean, Alain; Martin, Jean-Michel] CNRS, Ecol Forets Guyane UMR 8172, Kourou, France, Email: sarah.groc@ecofog.gf |
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WILEY-LISS |
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1752-458X |
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ISI:000268269400004 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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108 |
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Salas-Lopez, A. |
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Predicting resource use in ant species and entire communities by studying their morphological traits: Influence of habitat and subfamily |
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Journal Article |
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2017 |
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Ecological Indicators |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ecol. Indic. |
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78 |
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183-191 |
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Biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationships; Ecosystem process; Food niche; Formicidae; Habitat filtering; Indicator; Land-use; Morphological traits; Taxonomic conservatism; Biodiversity; Ecology; Indicators (instruments); Land use; Natural resources management; Ecosystem functioning; Ecosystem process; Formicidae; Morphological traits; Taxonomic conservatism; Ecosystems; Formicidae |
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I investigated whether the morphological traits of Neotropical ants can be used to infer food resource use by individual species and by entire communities, and whether these relationships are related to habitat type and/or by morphological differences between ant subfamilies. I attracted ants using food baits that represented different ecological processes (e.g. predation, granivory, detritivory, nectarivory) in five habitat types along a land-use gradient (from forests to gardens). I assessed ant activity at the baits and characterized 64 species from six subfamilies according to their food use and community-level resource exploitation intensity in the different habitats. Next, I performed a Mantel test to reveal the relationships between 13 morphological measures and resource use at the species level. I then used ant clades (i.e. subfamily) and habitat to rank the ants along three axes of variation in relation to their morphology and food resource use. Finally, I tested whether associations existed between the community-level exploitation intensity for such resources and the distribution of morphological trait values using the “4th-corner” analysis. Morphological traits were closely linked to the species’ ability to exploit different resources. These relationships were affected by subfamily and, to a lesser extent, by habitat type. The characterization of trait sets for entire communities was not useful, however, in predicting the intensity of the exploitation of different types of resources in varying environmental conditions. I conclude that morphological traits are accurate predictors of the ecology of species, but they should be used with caution when trying to understand community-level patterns. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd |
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Export Date: 8 April 2017 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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747 |
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Ntawuhiganayo, E.B.; Uwizeye, F.K.; Zibera, E.; Dusenge, M.E.; Ziegler, C.; Ntirugulirwa, B.; Nsabimana, D.; Wallin, G.; Uddling, J. |
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Title |
Traits controlling shade tolerance in tropical montane trees |
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Journal Article |
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2020 |
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Tree physiology |
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Tree Physiol. |
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40 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
183-197 |
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biomass allocation; leaf temperature; plant traits; Rwanda; shade intolerance; shade tolerance; tropical montane forest; article; biomass allocation; breathing; canopy; carbon balance; compensation; photosynthesis; plant leaf; plant stem; rain forest; Rwanda; shade tolerance; species difference; sweating |
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Tropical canopies are complex, with multiple canopy layers and pronounced gap dynamics contributing to their high species diversity and productivity. An important reason for this complexity is the large variation in shade tolerance among different tree species. At present, we lack a clear understanding of which plant traits control this variation, e.g., regarding the relative contributions of whole-plant versus leaf traits or structural versus physiological traits. We investigated a broad range of traits in six tropical montane rainforest tree species with different degrees of shade tolerance, grown under three different radiation regimes (under the open sky or beneath sparse or dense canopies). The two distinct shade-tolerant species had higher fractional biomass in leaves and branches while shade-intolerant species invested more into stems, and these differences were greater under low radiation. Leaf respiration and photosynthetic light compensation point did not vary with species shade tolerance, regardless of radiation regime. Leaf temperatures in open plots were markedly higher in shade-tolerant species due to their low transpiration rates and large leaf sizes. Our results suggest that interspecific variation in shade tolerance of tropical montane trees is controlled by species differences in whole-plant biomass allocation strategy rather than by difference in physiological leaf traits determining leaf carbon balance at low radiation. © The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press. |
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Rwanda Agriculture and Animal Resources Development, PO Box 5016Kigali, Rwanda |
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NLM (Medline) |
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17584469 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 16 March 2020 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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922 |
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Petit, M.; Denis, T.; Rux, O.; Richard-Hansen, C.; Berzins, R. |
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Estimating jaguar (Panthera onca) density in a preserved coastal area of French Guiana |
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Journal Article |
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2018 |
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Mammalia |
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Mammalia |
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82 |
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2 |
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188-192 |
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camera trapping; density; French Guiana; home range; Panthera onca; spatially explicit capture recapture |
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Knowledge of the jaguar population is needed in French Guiana that faces an increase of human-jaguar conflicts. We carried out a camera trap survey to assess jaguar local density and home range size in a preserved coastal area of French Guiana. We ran spatially explicit capture recapture (SECR) models. In our model, the scale parameter σ, that is linked to the home range size, was larger for males (σ=3.87±0.59 SE km) than for females (σ=2.33±0.30 SE km). The assessed jaguar density was 3.22±0.87 SE ind. 100 km â '2, which should be considered as an optimal density in a French Guiana coastal area. |
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Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage, Campus Agronomique, BP316, Kourou Cedex, French Guiana |
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Export Date: 7 May 2018 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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803 |
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Clair, B.; Gril, J.; Baba, K.; Thibaut, B.; Sugiyama, J. |
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Precautions for the structural analysis of the gelatinous layer in tension wood |
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2005 |
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IAWA Journal |
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IAWA J. |
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26 |
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2 |
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189-195 |
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artefact; fibre wall; gelatinous layer (G-layer); tension wood |
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The gelatinous layer (G-layer) of tension wood fibres in hardwood contributes to the mechanical function of the living tree and has significant consequences on properties of solid wood. Its size, shape and structure observed by optical or electron microscopy exhibits characteristic anatomical features. However, we found that sectioning of non-embedded wood samples results in an uncontrolled swelling of the G-layer. In order to assess this artefact, the shape and thickness of the G-layer was monitored by serial sections from an embedded wood sample, from its trimmed transverse face to that located several hundreds of micrometres deep. The results revealed that the initial cutting before embedding produced a border effect responsible for the swollen nature, which is similar to sections from non-embedded material. After a conventional embedding technique was applied, a section of at least 30 micrometres below the trimming surface is required to observe an un-swollen G-layer. |
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Kyoto Univ, Res Inst Sustainable Humanosphere, Lab Biomass Morphogenesis & Informat, Kyoto 6110011, Japan, Email: clair@blmgc.univ.montp2.fr |
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INT ASSOC WOOD ANATOMISTS |
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0928-1541 |
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ISI:000229698100003 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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254 |
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Clair, B.; Ruelle, J.; Thibaut, B. |
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Relationship between growth stress, mechanical-physical properties and proportion of fibre with gelatinous layer in chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) |
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Journal Article |
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2003 |
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Holzforschung |
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Holzforschung |
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57 |
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2 |
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189-195 |
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growth stress; longitudinal Young's modulus; shrinkage; normal wood; tension wood; gelatinous layer; Castanea Sativa |
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A range of mechanical and physical properties were determined for 96 specimens of chestnut wood and for wood types ranging from compression to tension wood; tests included (1) growth stress, (2) longitudinal Young's modulus in green and air-dried states (3) shrinkage in longitudinal and tangential directions. Anatomical observations permitted determination of the proportion of fibres with a gelatinous layer. The influence of these atypical fibres on macroscopic wood properties is examined and discussed. A basic model is proposed to determine their properties in theoretically isolated conditions. |
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Univ Montpellier 2, Lab Mecan & Genie Civil, F-34095 Montpellier 5, France, Email: clair@lmgc.univ-montp2.fr |
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WALTER DE GRUYTER & CO |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0018-3830 |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
ISI:000181797800011 |
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Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
274 |
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