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Marcon, E.; Herault, B.; Baraloto, C.; Lang, G. |
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Title |
The decomposition of Shannon's entropy and a confidence interval for beta diversity |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2012 |
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Oikos |
Abbreviated Journal |
Oikos |
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121 |
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4 |
Pages |
516-522 |
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Beta diversity is among the most employed theoretical concepts in ecology and biodiversity conservation. Up to date, a self-contained definition of it, with no reference to alpha and gamma diversity, has never been proposed. Using Kullback-Leibler divergence, we present the explicit formula of Shannon's β entropy, a bias correction for its estimator and a confidence interval. We also provide the mathematical framework to decompose Shannon diversity into several hierarchical nested levels. From botanical inventories of tropical forest plots in French Guiana, we estimate Shannon diversity at the plot, forest and regional level. We believe this is a complete and usefulness toolbox for ecologists interested in partitioning biodiversity. © 2011 The Authors. Oikos © 2012 Nordic Society Oikos. |
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AgroParisTech, UMR 518 Math. Info. Appli., 16 rue Claude Bernard, FR-75005 Paris, France |
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00301299 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 28 March 2012; Source: Scopus; Coden: Oiksa; doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0706.2011.19267.x; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Marcon, E.; AgroParisTech, UMR EcoFoG, BP 709, FR-97310 Kourou, France; email: eric.marcon@ecofog.gf |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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386 |
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Dejean, A.; Petitclerc, F.; Roux, O.; Orivel, J.; Leroy, C. |
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Does exogenic food benefit both partners in an ant-plant mutualism? the case of Cecropia obtusa and its guest Azteca plant-ants |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Comptes Rendus Biologies |
Abbreviated Journal |
C. R. Biol. |
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335 |
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3 |
Pages |
214-219 |
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Ant-plant mutualisms; Azteca; Cecropia obtusa; Myrmecotrophy; Stable isotopes |
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In the mutualisms involving the myrmecophyte Cecropia obtusa and Azteca ovaticeps or A. alfari, both predatory, the ants defend their host trees from enemies and provide them with nutrients (myrmecotrophy). A. ovaticeps provisioned with prey and then 15N-enriched food produced more individuals than did control colonies (not artificially provisioned). This was not true for A. alfari colonies, possibly due to differences in the degree of maturity of the colonies for the chosen range of host tree sizes (less than 3 m in height). Myrmecotrophy was demonstrated for both Azteca species as provisioning the ants with 15N-enriched food translated into higher δ 15N values in host plant tissues, indicating that nitrogen passed from the food to the plant. Thus, the predatory activity of their guest ants benefits the Cecropia trees not only because the ants protect them from defoliators since most prey are phytophagous insects but also because the plant absorbs nutrients. © 2012 Académie des sciences. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. |
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IRD, Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs, Équipe BEES-IRD, BP 171, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso |
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16310691 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 15 April 2012; Source: Scopus; Coden: Crboc; doi: 10.1016/j.crvi.2012.01.002; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Dejean, A.; CNRS, Écologie des Forêts de Guyane (UMR-CNRS 8172), Campus Agronomique, 97379 Kourou cedex, France; email: alain.dejean@wanadoo.fr |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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391 |
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Tindo, M.; Mbenoun Masse, P.S.; Kenne, M.; Mony, R.; Orivel, J.; Doumtsop Fotio, A.; Fotso Kuaté, A.; Djiéto-Lordon, C.; Fomena, A.; Estoup, A.; Dejean, A.; Foucaud, J. |
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Current distribution and population dynamics of the little fire ant supercolony in cameroon |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Insectes Sociaux |
Abbreviated Journal |
Insectes Sociaux |
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59 |
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2 |
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175-182 |
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Auropunctata; Dispersion; Invasive ants; Reproduction strategy; Unicoloniality; Wasmannia |
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The little fire ant, Wasmannia auropunctata, is native to Central America, but has been introduced into many parts of the world. We examined the current distribution of W. auropunctata in Cameroon, tested for aggression between workers from different parts of the country, and examined the genotypes of workers, queens, and males to evaluate the mating system. We found W. auropunctata at 36 sites in three provinces (Centre, East, and South). We found W. auropunctata only in human-disturbed habitats. Its spread appears to be primarily human mediated. Aggressive behaviour was almost non-existent between workers from different sites, indicating that there is only one supercolony in Cameroon. Our genetic analysis found that only one male/female pair of clones was introduced into Cameroon, probably from Gabon. No new male clonal lineage was identified, whereas new sexually derived female clonal lineages were noted. Apart from the genotype of the founding queen, which was well distributed but generally not dominant, a new clonal queen genotype emerged and was both omnipresent and dominant at most sites. These results may be useful in the development of management strategies. © International Union for the Study of Social Insects (IUSSI) 2011. |
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Laboratoire Evolution Genome Speciation, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Avenue de la Terrasse, F 91198 Gif sur Yvette, France |
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00201812 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 24 April 2012; Source: Scopus; Coden: Insoa; doi: 10.1007/s00040-011-0202-x; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Tindo, M.; Département de Biologie des Organismes Animaux, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Douala, BP 24157 Douala, Cameroon; email: tindodouala@yahoo.com |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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392 |
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Vantaux, A.; Roux, O.; Magro, A.; Orivel, J. |
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Title |
Evolutionary perspectives on myrmecophily in ladybirds |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Psyche |
Abbreviated Journal |
Psyche |
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591570 |
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1-7 |
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Myrmecophiles are species that usually have developed specialized traits to cope with the aggressiveness of ants enabling them to live in their vicinity. Many coccinellid species are predators of Hemiptera; the latter is also often protected by ants. Therefore these ladybirds frequently interact with ants, and some species have become myrmecophilous. In this paper, we aim to provide an overview of the evolution of myrmecophilous traits in ladybirds. We then discuss the costs and benefits of myrmecophily and the dietary shift to myrmecophagy observed in a few species. Copyright © 2012 Amélie Vantaux et al. |
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CNRS, UMR EcoFoG-Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane, Campus Agronomique, BP 316, 97379 Kourou Cedex, France |
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00332615 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 28 March 2012; Source: Scopus; Art. No.: 591570; doi: 10.1155/2012/591570; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Vantaux, A.; Entomology Laboratory, Zoological Institute, Catholic University of Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; email: amelie.vantaux@gmail.com |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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388 |
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Lacau, S.; Groc, S.; Dejean, A.; Oliveira, M.L.D.; Delabie, J.H.C. |
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Tatuidris kapasi sp. nov.: A new armadillo ant from French Guiana (Formicidae: Agroecomyrmecinae) |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
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Psyche |
Abbreviated Journal |
Psyche |
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926089 |
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1-6 |
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Tatuidris kapasi sp. nov. (Formicidae: Agroecomyrmecinae), the second known species of “armadillo ant”, is described after a remarkable specimen collected in French Guiana. This species can be easily distinguished from Tatuidris tatusia by characters related to the shape of the mesosoma and petiole as well as to the pilosity, the sculpture, and the color. Copyright © 2012 Sébastien Lacau et al. |
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Laboratório de Mirmecologia, CEPLAC/CEPEC/SECEN, CP 07, km 22, Rodovia, Ilhéus-Itabuna, 45600-970 Itabuna, BA, Brazil |
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00332615 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 28 March 2012; Source: Scopus; Art. No.: 926089; doi: 10.1155/2012/926089; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Lacau, S.; Laboratório de Biossistemática Animal, Universidade Estadual Do Sudoeste da Bahia, UESB/DEBI, 45700-000 Itapetinga, BA, Brazil; email: slacau@cepec.gov.br |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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389 |
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Baraloto, C.; Hardy, O.J.; Paine, C.E.T.; Dexter, K.G.; Cruaud, C.; Dunning, L.T.; Gonzalez, M.-A.; Molino, J.-F.; Sabatier, D.; Savolainen, V.; Chave, J. |
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Using functional traits and phylogenetic trees to examine the assembly of tropical tree communities |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
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Journal of Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Ecol. |
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Volume |
100 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
690-701 |
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Competition; Determinants of plant community diversity and structure; Environmental filtering; French Guiana; Functional traits; Limiting similarity; Niche; Phylogenetic signal; Tropical forests |
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Niche theory proposes that species differences underlie both coexistence within communities and the differentiation in species composition among communities via limiting similarity and environmental filtering. However, it has been difficult to extend niche theory to species-rich communities because of the empirical challenge of quantifying niches for many species. This has motivated the development of functional and phylogeny-based approaches in community ecology, which represent two different means of approximating niche attributes. Here, we assess the utility of plant functional traits and phylogenetic relationships in predicting community assembly processes using the largest trait and phylogenetic data base to date for any set of species-rich communities. We measured 17 functional traits for all 4672 individuals of 668 tree species co-occurring in nine tropical rain forest plots in French Guiana. Trait variation was summarized into two ordination axes that reflect species niche overlap. We also generated a dated molecular phylogenetic tree based on DNA sequencing of two plastid loci (rbcL and matK) comprising 97% of the individuals and 91% of the species in the plots. We found that, on average, co-occurring species had greater functional and, to a lesser extent, phylogenetic similarity than expected by chance. We also found that functional traits and their ordination loadings showed significant, albeit weak, phylogenetic signal, suggesting that phylogenetic distance provides pertinent information on niche overlap in tropical tree communities. Synthesis. We provide the most comprehensive examination to date of the relative importance of environmental filtering and limiting similarity in structuring tropical tree communities. Our results confirm that environmental filtering is the overriding influence on community assembly in these species-rich systems. © 2012 The Authors. Journal of Ecology © 2012 British Ecological Society. |
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Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond TW9 3DS, United Kingdom |
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00220477 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 24 April 2012; Source: Scopus; Coden: Jecoa; doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2745.2012.01966.x; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Chave, J.; Université Paul Sabatier, CNRS, UMR 5174 Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique, 31062 Toulouse, France; email: chave@cict.fr |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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393 |
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Wagner, F.; Rossi, V.; Stahl, C.; Bonal, D.; Herault, B. |
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Water availability is the main climate driver of neotropical tree growth |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2012 |
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PLoS ONE |
Abbreviated Journal |
PLoS ONE |
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7 |
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4 |
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e34074 |
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Climate models for the coming century predict rainfall reduction in the Amazonian region, including change in water availability for tropical rainforests. Here, we test the extent to which climate variables related to water regime, temperature and irradiance shape the growth trajectories of neotropical trees. We developed a diameter growth model explicitly designed to work with asynchronous climate and growth data. Growth trajectories of 205 individual trees from 54 neotropical species censused every 2 months over a 4-year period were used to rank 9 climate variables and find the best predictive model. About 9% of the individual variation in tree growth was imputable to the seasonal variation of climate. Relative extractable water was the main predictor and alone explained more than 60% of the climate effect on tree growth, i.e. 5.4% of the individual variation in tree growth. Furthermore, the global annual tree growth was more dependent on the diameter increment at the onset of the rain season than on the duration of dry season. The best predictive model included 3 climate variables: relative extractable water, minimum temperature and irradiance. The root mean squared error of prediction (0.035 mm.d -1) was slightly above the mean value of the growth (0.026 mm.d -1). Amongst climate variables, we highlight the predominant role of water availability in determining seasonal variation in tree growth of neotropical forest trees and the need to include these relationships in forest simulators to test, in silico, the impact of different climate scenarios on the future dynamics of the rainforest. © 2012 Wagner et al. |
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INRA, UMR 'Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestière', Champenoux, France |
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19326203 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 24 April 2012; Source: Scopus; Art. No.: e34074; doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0034074; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Wagner, F.; Université des Antilles et de la Guyane, UMR 'Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane', BP 709, Kourou, France; email: fabien.wagner@ecofog.gf |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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394 |
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Bertani, S.; Houel, E.; Jullian, V.; Bourdy, G.; Valentin, A.; Stien, D.; Deharo, E. |
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New findings on Simalikalactone D, an antimalarial compound from Quassia amara L. (Simaroubaceae) |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
Publication |
Experimental Parasitology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Exp. Parasitol. |
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130 |
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4 |
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341-347 |
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Antimalarial; Plasmodium; Quassia amara; Quassinoid; Simalikalactone d |
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Quassia amara L. (Simaroubaceae) is a species widely used as tonic and is claimed to be an efficient antimalarial all over the Northern part of the Amazon basin. Quassinoid compound Simalikalactone D (SkD) has been shown to be one of the molecules responsible for the antiplasmodial activity of a watery preparation made out of juvenile fresh leaves of this plant. Because of its strong antimalarial activity, we decided to have a further insight of SkD pharmacological properties, alone or in association with classical antimalarials. At concentrations of up to 200 μM, we showed herein that SkD did not exert any apoptotic or necrotic activities in vitro on lymphoblastic cells. However, an antiproliferative effect was evident at concentrations higher than 45. nM. SkD was inefficient at inhibiting heme biomineralization and the new permeability pathways induced by the parasite in the host erythrocyte membrane. With respect to Plasmodium falciparum erythrocytic stages, SkD was almost inactive on earlier and later parasite stages, but potently active at the 30th h of parasite cycle when DNA replicates in mature trophozoites. In vitro combination studies with conventional antimalarial drugs showed that SkD synergizes with atovaquone (ATO). The activity of ATO on the Plasmodium mitochondrial membrane potential was enhanced by SkD, which on its own had a poor effect on this cellular parameter. © 2012 Elsevier Inc. |
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UMR152 IRD-UPS, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia (UPCH), Lima, Peru |
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00144894 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 24 April 2012; Source: Scopus; Coden: Expaa; doi: 10.1016/j.exppara.2012.02.013; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Deharo, E.; UMR152 IRD-UPS, Faculté de Pharmacie, 35 chemin des maraîchers, 31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France; email: ericdeharo@gmail.com |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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395 |
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Barantal, S.; Schimann, H.; Fromin, N.; Hattenschwiler, S. |
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Nutrient and Carbon Limitation on Decomposition in an Amazonian Moist Forest |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Ecosystems |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ecosystems |
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15 |
Issue |
7 |
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1039-1052 |
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energy limitation; labile carbon; litter quality; nitrogen; phosphorus; priming effect; soil fauna; tropical forest |
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Tropical forests determine global biogeochemical cycles to a large extent, but control factors for key ecosystem processes such as decomposition remain poorly understood. With a full-factorial C (cellulose), N (urea), and P (phosphate) fertilization experiment, we tested the relative importance of C and nutrient limitation on litter decomposition in a mature lowland moist forest of French Guiana. Despite the previously demonstrated litter C quality control over decomposition and the very low soil P content (0. 1 mg g -1 of soil) at our study site, fertilization with C or P alone did not increase the decomposition of a wide range of litter types (N:P ratios between 20 and 80). Nitrogen fertilization alone also had no effect on decomposition. However, the combined fertilization with N and P resulted in up to 33. 5% more initial litter mass lost, with an increasing effect with wider litter N:P ratios. Soil fauna strongly stimulated litter mass loss and enhanced nutrient fertilization effects. Moreover, nutrient effects on decomposition increased with additional C fertilization in the presence of fauna. Our results suggest that increased N availability is required for a positive P effect on decomposition in the studied P-poor tropical forest. Further stimulation of decomposition by C amendment through priming indicates energy limitation of decomposers that is co-determined by nutrient availability. The demonstrated intricate control of the key resources C, N, and P on decomposition calls for an intensified research effort on multiple resource limitation on key processes in tropical forests and how they change under multiple human impacts. © 2012 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC. |
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UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane (ECOFOG), INRA, Kourou, French Guiana |
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14329840 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 2 November 2012; Source: Scopus; Coden: Ecosf; doi: 10.1007/s10021-012-9564-9; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Schimann, H.; UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane (ECOFOG), INRA, Kourou, French Guiana; email: heidy.schimann@ecofog.gf |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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442 |
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Schimann, H.; Petit-Jean, C.; Guitet, S.; Reis, T.; Domenach, A.M.; Roggy, J.-C. |
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Microbial bioindicators of soil functioning after disturbance: The case of gold mining in tropical rainforests of French Guiana |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
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Ecological Indicators |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ecol. Indic. |
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20 |
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34-41 |
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Bioindicators; DEA/SIR ratio; Denitrifying Enzyme Activity (DEA); Disturbance; Substrate Induced Respiration (SIR); Tropical rainforest |
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In the context of an ongoing monitoring study on the impacts of gold-mining activities on critical ecosystem processes, we explored the use of soil Denitrifying Enzyme Activity (DEA) and Substrate Induced Respiration (SIR) as ecosystem indicators in tropical rainforests of French Guiana. We also propose DEA/SIR ratio as ecosystem attribute able to describe the state of an ecosystem and to reflect changes in ecological processes. With this purpose, we measured SIR, DEA and DEA/SIR ratio in five gold-mining areas and five surrounding natural reference rainforests. We also measured indicators in two conditions of spontaneous regeneration of vegetation (stratified or not) and two conditions of soil rehabilitation (prior preparation of soils or not). We showed a high variability of DEA, SIR and DEA/SIR ratio in the natural reference forests. This pointed out the necessity to identify relevant reference systems – i.e. proving a close match in all relevant ecological dimensions – to compare with closed perturbed systems in order to assess the levels of alterations after disturbances. Results showed a high impact of gold mine on microbial processes with a strong decrease of DEA (10-fold lower), SIR (2-fold lower) and DEA/SIR ratio (8-fold lower) in perturbed areas in comparison with natural reference forests. The type of spontaneous vegetation (stratified or not) influenced the values of indicators as well as prior rehabilitation of soils, demonstrating the capacity of DEA, SIR and DEA/SIR ratio to respond in proportion to the perturbation (robustness) and to the different levels of restoration (sensitivity). The systematic decrease of the ratio DEA/SIR observed in the studied perturbed situations demonstrates clearly that the structure of microbial communities has been also modified. The ratio DEA/SIR proved to be robust and sensitive, and able to describe in fairly fine way changes of soil microbial communities in terms of structure and function in gold mine areas and during processes of restoration. We propose to use DEA, SIR and DEA/SIR ratio as bioindicators of both structural and functional aspects of C and N cycling in soils. Together with others bioindicators based on key supporting functions in soils, these indicators should accurately evaluate the ecological potential of natural ecosystems and the levels of degradation in case of land-use changes. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. |
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SOLICAZ – Campus Agronomique, BP 76, 97389 Kourou Cedex, France |
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Export Date: 2 May 2012; Source: Scopus; doi: 10.1016/j.ecolind.2012.01.021; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Schimann, H.; INRA-Joint Research Unit Ecology of Guiana Forests (Ecofog), Campus Agronomique, BP 709, 97387 Kourou Cedex, France; email: heidy.schimann@ecofog.gf |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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396 |
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