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Doughty, C.E.; Wolf, A.; Baraloto, C.; Malhi, Y. |
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Interdependency of plants and animals in controlling the sodium balance of ecosystems and the impacts of global defaunation |
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Journal Article |
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2016 |
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Ecography |
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Ecography |
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39 |
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2 |
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204-212 |
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Sodium, an element which is needed by animals but often toxic in high concentrations to plants, may be deficient and limit animal abundance in inland continental regions, but may be overabundant and limit plant productivity in coastal regions. Here we present data from 50 independent plots (including leaf data from more than 2480 individual trees) showing that leaves in the Amazon basin uptake high amounts of sodium (Na) in a manner more similar to the essential cation potassium (K) than to the toxic cation aluminium (Al). Leaf Na increases linearly with soil Na concentrations, and there is no apparent mechanism for selective exclusion of Na in comparison to K, a key attribute of halophytes. This indicates that the Amazon basin is broadly non-halophytic and increased sodium concentrations in non-halophyte plants often decrease plant productivity. Total Na concentrations are ∼ 10 times higher in coastal regions than inland regions. Such concentration gradients in nutrients may have been reduced in the past because large animals that were abundant in the Pleistocene have been hypothesized to play a large role in reducing nutrient concentration gradients at continental scales. We use a diffusion model and a Na loss rate based on empirical data to estimate that large animals may have moved significant quantities of Na inland away from coastal regions in the Amazon Basin. Therefore, our simple model suggests that large animals may play an important, yet diminishing, role in maintaining the sodium balance of the planet. © 2016 Nordic Society Oikos. |
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INRA UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane, French Guiana, and International Center for Tropical Botany, Dept of Biological Sciences, Florida International Univ., Miami, United States |
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Cited By :2; Export Date: 12 February 2016 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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657 |
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Dubois-Fernandez, P.C.; Le Toan, T.; Daniel, S.; Oriot, H.; Chave, J.; Blanc, L.; Villard, L.; Davidson, M.W.J.; Petit, M. |
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The tropiSAR airborne campaign in French Guiana: Objectives, description, and observed temporal behavior of the backscatter signal |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
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IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing |
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IEEE Trans Geosci Remote Sens |
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50 |
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8 |
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3228-3241 |
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Forestry; interferometry; polarimetric synthetic aperture radar |
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The TropiSAR campaign has been conducted in August 2009 in French Guiana with the ONERA airborne radar system SETHI. The main objective of this campaign was to collect data to support the Phase A of the 7th Earth Explorer candidate mission, BIOMASS. Several specific questions needed to be addressed to consolidate the mission concept following the Phase 0 studies, and the data collection strategy was constructed accordingly. More specifically, a tropical forest data set was required in order to provide test data for the evaluation of the foreseen inversion algorithms and data products. The paper provides a description of the resulting data set which is now available through the European Space Agency website under the airborne campaign link. First results from the TropiSAR database analysis are presented with two in-depth analyses about both the temporal radiometric variation and temporal coherence at P-band. The temporal variations of the backscatter values are less than 0.5 dB throughout the campaign, and the coherence values are observed to stay high even after 22 days. These results are essential for the BIOMASS mission. The observed temporal stability of the backscatter is a good indicator of the expected robustness of the biomass estimation in tropical forests, from cross-polarized backscatter values as regarding environmental changes such as soil moisture. The high temporal coherence observed after a 22-day period is a prerequisite for SAR Polarimetric Interferometry and Tomographic applications in a single satellite configuration. The conclusion then summarizes the paper and identifies the next steps in the analysis. © 2012 IEEE. |
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Institut de Recherche Pour le Développement, 31062 Toulouse, France |
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01962892 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 9 August 2012; Source: Scopus; Art. No.: 6146421; Coden: Igrsd; doi: 10.1109/TGRS.2011.2180728; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Dubois-Fernandez, P.C.; Office National d'Études et de Recherches Aérospatiales, Department of Electromagnetism and Radarh, 91761 Palaiseau, France; email: pdubois@onera.fr |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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419 |
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Dulormne, M.; Musseau, O.; Muller, F.; Toribio, A.; Bâ, A. |
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Effects of NaCl on growth, water status, N2 fixation, and ion distribution in Pterocarpus officinalis seedlings |
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Journal Article |
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2010 |
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Plant and Soil |
Abbreviated Journal |
Plant and Soil |
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327 |
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1 |
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23-34 |
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Bradyrhizobium; Leaf water potential; Nodulation; Salt; Swamp forest |
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Pterocarpus officinalis (Fabaceae) dominates in the swamp forests of the Lesser Antilles, submitted to strong variations of soil salinity (30-445 mM). This study aimed to assess the effect of salinity on growth, nodulation, N2 fixation, water status and ions content in P. officinalis and to clarify the mechanisms involved. Seedlings inoculated or not with two strains from areas of contrasting salinity levels (< to 50 or 445 mM) were watered with 0, 171 and 342 mM solutions of NaCl in greenhouse conditions. Non-inoculated seedlings were tolerant to a salinity of 171 mM, with no significant effect on seedling biomass. Evapotranspiration per unit of leaf area (E/TLa) remained unchanged at 171 mM. Maintenance of a constant E/TLa and especially the control of ion transport to the upper parts of the plant could explain seedling salt tolerance up to intermediate salinity conditions (171 mM). The two strains have a 99.8% genetic identity in spite of differences in their original habitats, this explaining the similar response of the symbiosis to salinity. The higher salt sensitivity of inoculated seedlings was linked to the sensitivity of both Bradyrhizobium strains (reduction of free-living cells) and to that of the nodulation process (fewer nodules and inhibition of N2-fixation) to intermediate salinity. © Springer Science + Business Media B.V. 2009. |
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LSTM-UMR 113, Université des Antilles et de la Guyane, UFR des Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, B.P. 592, 97159 Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe (F.W.I.), France |
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Cited By :12; Export Date: 7 February 2017 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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727 |
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Duminil, J.; Caron, H.; Scotti, I.; Cazal, S.O.; Petit, R.J. |
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Title |
Blind population genetics survey of tropical rainforest trees |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Molecular Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Mol. Ecol. |
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Volume |
15 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
3505-3513 |
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Bayesian assignment tests; genetic diversity; geographical structure; South America; species delimitation |
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Rainforest tree species can be difficult to identify outside of their period of reproduction. Vascular tissues from Carapa spp. individuals were collected during a short field trip in French Guiana and analysed in the laboratory with nuclear and chloroplast markers. Using a Bayesian approach, > 90% of the samples could be assigned to one of two distinct clusters corresponding to previously described species, making it possible to estimate the genetic structure of each species and to identify cases of introgression. We argue that this blind procedure represents a first-choice rather than a fallback option whenever related taxa are investigated. |
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INRA, UMR Biodivers Genes & Ecosyst, F-33612 Cestas, France, Email: caron@pierroton.inra.fr |
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BLACKWELL PUBLISHING |
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0962-1083 |
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ISI:000241157400002 |
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no |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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175 |
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Author |
Duplais, C.; Estevez, Y. |
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Title |
Tandem Biocatalysis Unlocks the Challenging de Novo Production of Plant Natural Products |
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Journal Article |
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2017 |
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ChemBioChem |
Abbreviated Journal |
ChemBioChem |
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18 |
Issue |
22 |
Pages |
2192-2195 |
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alkaloids; biosynthesis; enzyme catalysis; protein engineering; terpenes |
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Intimate partnership: Knowledge of the biocatalytic cascades in different cellular compartments is limited, but deciphering these systems in nature can be used to inspire synthetic strategies. Two studies report new insights into the biosynthesis of alkaloids and sesterterpenoids in plants. This highlight presents these novel biotransformations to illustrate how tandem biocatalysis can impact the future of natural product production. |
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1439-7633 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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780 |
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Duplais, C.; Papon, N.; Courdavault, V. |
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Title |
Tracking the Origin and Evolution of Plant Metabolites |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Trends in Plant Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Trends Plant Sci. |
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Volume |
25 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
1182-1184 |
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Keywords |
enzyme evolution; iridoids; Lamiaceae; nepetalactone; plant metabolites |
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Iridoids are monoterpenes that are produced by various plants as chemical defense molecules. Lichman et al. recently described the timeline of molecular events that underpin the re-emergence of iridoid biosynthesis in an independent lineage of aromatic plants (catnip). This study represents a benchmark for studying enzyme and metabolite evolution in different clades across the tree of life. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd |
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Biomolécules et Biotechnologies Végétales (BBV) EA 2106, Université de Tours, Tours, France |
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Elsevier Ltd |
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13601385 (Issn) |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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937 |
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Duplais, Christophe ; Sarou-Kanian, Vincent ; Massiot, Dominique ; Hassan, Alia ; Perrone, Barbara ; Estevez, Yannick ; Wertz, John; Martineau, Estelle ; Farjon, Jonathan ; Giraudeau, Patrick, Moreau, Carrie S. |
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Gut bacteria are essential for normal cutile development in herbivorous turtle ants |
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Journal Article |
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2021 |
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Nature Communication |
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12 |
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1-6 |
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Across the evolutionary history of insects, the shift from nitrogen-rich carnivore/omnivore diets to nitrogen-poor herbivorous diets was made possible through symbiosis with microbes. The herbivorous turtle ants Cephalotes possess a conserved gut microbiome which enriches the nutrient composition by recycling nitrogen-rich metabolic waste to increase the production of amino acids. This enrichment is assumed to benefit the host, but we do not know to what extent. To gain insights into nitrogen assimilation in the ant cuticle we use gut bacterial manipulation, 15N isotopic enrichment, isotope-ratio mass spectrometry, and 15N nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to demonstrate that gut bacteria contribute to the formation of proteins, catecholamine cross-linkers, and chitin in the cuticle. This study identifies the cuticular components which are nitrogen-enriched by gut bacteria, highlighting the role of symbionts in insect evolution, and provides a framework for understanding the nitrogen flow from nutrients through bacteria into the insect cuticle. |
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NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP |
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Anglais |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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1005 |
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Dutech, C.; Joly, H.I.; Jarne, P. |
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Gene flow, historical population dynamics and genetic diversity within French Guianan populations of a rainforest tree species, Vouacapoua americana |
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Journal Article |
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2004 |
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Heredity |
Abbreviated Journal |
Heredity |
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92 |
Issue |
2 |
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69-77 |
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bottleneck; climatic change; extinction-recolonization; microsatellite; neotropical rainforest; pollen and seed dispersal |
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Both gene flow and historical events influence the genetic diversity of natural populations. One way to understand their respective impact is to analyze population genetic structure at large spatial scales. We studied the distribution of genetic diversity of 17 populations of Vouacapoua americana (Caesalpiniaceae) in French Guiana, using nine micro satellite loci. Low genetic diversity was observed within populations, with a mean allelic richness and gene diversity of 4.1 and 0.506, respectively, which could be due to low effective population size and/or past bottlenecks. Using the regression between F-st/(1-F-st), estimated between pairs of populations, and the logarithm of the geographical distance, the spatial genetic structure can partly be explained by isolation-by-distance and limited gene flow among populations. This result is in agreement with the species' biology, including seed and pollen dispersal by rodents and insects, respectively. In contrast, no clear genetic signal of historical events was found when examining genetic differentiation among populations in relation to biogeographical hypotheses or by testing for bottlenecks within populations. Our conclusion is that nuclear spatial genetic structure of V. americana, at the geographic scale of French Guiana, is better explained by gene flow rather than by historical events. |
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Cirad Foret Silvolab, Lab Genet & Ecol Mol, F-97387 Kourou, France, Email: cdutech@bordeaux.inra.fr |
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NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP |
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0018-067X |
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ISI:000188431700003 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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240 |
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Dutech, C.; Maggia, L.; Tardy, C.; Joly, H.I.; Jarne, P. |
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Tracking a genetic signal of extinction-recolonization events in a neotropical tree species: Vouacapoua americana aublet in french guiana |
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Journal Article |
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2003 |
Publication |
Evolution |
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Evolution |
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57 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
2753-2764 |
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allelic richness; caesalpinioideae; chloroplast DNA; climatic changes; cytonuclear disequilibrium; legummosae; microsatellite loci; tropical rainforest |
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Drier periods from the late Pleistocene and early Holocene have been hypothesized to have caused the disappearance of various rainforest species over large geographical areas in South America and restricted the extant populations to mesic sites. Subsequent improvement in climatic conditions has been associated with recolonization. Changes in population size associated with these extinction-recolonization events should have affected genetic diversity within species. However, these historical hypotheses and their genetic consequences have rarely been tested in South America. Here, we examine the diversity of the chloroplast and nuclear genomes in a Neotropical rainforest tree species, Vouacapoua americana (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae) in French Guiana. The chloroplast diversity was analyzed using a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method (six pairs of primers) in 29 populations distributed over most of French Guiana, and a subset of 17 populations was also analyzed at nine polymorphic microsatellite loci. To determine whether this species has experienced extinction-recolonization, we sampled populations in areas supposedly not or only slightly affected by climatic changes, where the populations would not have experienced frequent extinction, and in areas that appear to have been recently recolonized. In the putatively recolonized areas, we found patches of several thousands of hectares homogeneous for chloroplast variation that can be interpreted as the effect of recolonization processes from several geographical origins. In addition, we observed that, for both chloroplast and nuclear genomes, the populations in newly recolonized areas exhibited a significantly smaller allelic richness than others. Controlling for geographic distance, we also detected a significant correlation between chloroplast and nuclear population differentiation. This result indicates a cytonuclear disequilibrium that can be interpreted as a historical signal of a genetic divergence between fragmented populations. In conclusion, the spatial genetic structure of contemporary V. americana populations shows evidence that this species has experienced large extinction-recolonization events, which were possibly caused by past climatic change. |
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CIRAD Foret, Silvolab, Ecol Mol, F-97387 Kourou, France, Email: laruent.maggia@cirad.fr |
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SOC STUDY EVOLUTION |
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0014-3820 |
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ISI:000188061800007 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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241 |
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Dutech, C.; Seiter, J.; Petronelli, P.; Joly, H.I.; Jarne, P. |
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Evidence of low gene flow in a neotropical clustered tree species in two rainforest stands of French Guiana |
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Journal Article |
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2002 |
Publication |
Molecular Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Mol. Ecol. |
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11 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
725-738 |
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Caesalpiniaceae; gene flow; recolonization process; spatial genetic structure; tropical rainforest; Vouacapoua americana |
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The spatial genetic structure of the neotropical, clustered tree species Vouacapoua americana (Aublet) was studied in two natural forest stands (Paracou and Nouragues) in French Guiana. Using eight microsatellite loci, V. americana is characterized by a marked genetic structure at small spatial distances (under 30-60 m), in agreement with the limited seed dispersal by rodent species. Gene flow through pollen is also shown to be mainly restricted to less than 100 m. This result suggests that most pollination events (mediated through small insects) are probably limited to within-patches of individuals, which might explain the high genetic differentiation among patches (F-ST = 0.11) separated by less than 2 km. We also assume that stronger genetic structure in Paracou is likely to be due to lower seed dispersal by rodents, large spatial distances separating patches, or a recent recolonization event. |
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CNRS, Ctr Ecol Fonct & Evolut, F-34293 Montpellier 5, France, Email: jarne@cefe.cnrs-mop.fr |
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BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD |
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0962-1083 |
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ISI:000175250300008 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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248 |
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