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Author |
Ruiz-Gonzalez, M.X.; Corbara, B.; Leroy, C.; Dejean, A.; Orivel, J. |
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Title |
The Weaver Wasp: Spinning Fungus into a Nest |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Biotropica |
Abbreviated Journal |
Biotropica |
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Volume |
42 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
402-404 |
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Keywords |
Allomerus decemarticulatus; French Guiana; Hirtella physophora; nest architecture; Nitela constructor; wasp biology |
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Abstract |
Wasp nests range from simple to complex structures made of paper or mud. Here, we show that a Neotropical wasp of the genus Nitela builds its nest entirely by weaving endophytic fungal hyphae and spider silk harvested from the leaves growing in the understory of the rain forest in French Guiana. |
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Address  |
[Ruiz-Gonzalez, Mario X.; Orivel, Jerome] Univ Toulouse, UPS, EDB, Lab Evolut & Divers Biol, F-31062 Toulouse, France, Email: orivel@cict.fr |
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WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC |
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0006-3606 |
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ISI:000279438900002 |
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no |
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Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
54 |
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Author |
Ruelle, J.; Beauchene, J.; Yamamoto, H.; Thibaut, B. |
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Title |
Variations in physical and mechanical properties between tension and opposite wood from three tropical rainforest species |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Wood Science and Technology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Wood Sci. Technol. |
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Volume |
45 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
339-357 |
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Abstract |
Growth strains were measured in situ in nine trees of three species from a French Guiana tropical rainforest in a clearly active verticality restoration process. The aim was to detect tension wood within the samples. Wood specimens were cut in the vicinity of the growth strain measurements in order to determine the microfibril angle and some mechanical and physical properties. As suspected, tensile growth strain was much higher in tension wood zones, as shown by the slightly higher longitudinal modulus of elasticity. Conversely, tension wood showed reduced compression strength. Longitudinal shrinkage was much higher in tension wood than in opposite wood. Clear relationships between the microfibril angle and longitudinal properties were noted in comparison (i) with those observed in gymnosperm compression wood and (ii) with expected relationships from the organization of wood fibres cell wall structure. |
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Address |
[Ruelle, Julien; Yamamoto, Hiroyuki] Nagoya Univ, Grad Sch Bioagr Sci, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan, Email: julien.ruelle@ecofog.gf |
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Springer |
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ISSN |
0043-7719 |
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ISI:000289477300013 |
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no |
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Call Number |
EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
305 |
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Author |
Ruelle, J.; Yamamoto, H.; Thibaut, B. |
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Title |
Growth Stresses and Cellulose Structural Parameters in Tension and Normal Wood from Three Tropical Rainforest Angiosperm Species |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2007 |
Publication |
BioResources |
Abbreviated Journal |
BioResources |
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Volume |
2 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
235-251 |
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Keywords |
Cellulose; Microfibril angle; Crystallite size; Tension wood; Tropical rainforest; Growth stresses |
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Abstract |
Few studies have been conducted about relation between cellulose parameters and biomechanical properties of wood in tropical angiosperms species. For this purpose, on 13 trees from 3 species of French Guyana tropical rainforest in a clear active process of restoring verticality, i) growth strains were measured in situ in order to determine the occurrence of tension wood within samples and ii) cellulose structural parameters were estimated on all the samples using X-ray diffraction method. Crystallite size was estimated from the full-width at half-maximum of the Miller index (002) arc diffraction and angle T was measured following Cave's method. Relationships between these parameters and growth stresses were good and the variations between normal and tension wood were significant, i. e. a lower angle T and a larger crystallite size in tension wood. In order to have a good estimation of the microfibril angle in the main layer of the secondary wall for each species, an experimental calibration was done between angle T and microfibril angle observed with scanning electron microscopy. |
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Address |
[Ruelle, Julien; Thibaut, Bernard] UMR EcoFoG, Kourou 97387, Guyana, Email: ruelle_j@kourou.cirad.fr |
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NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIV DEPT WOOD & PAPER SCI |
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ISSN |
1930-2126 |
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Notes |
ISI:000263689300009 |
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no |
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Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
122 |
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Author |
Royer, M.; Herbette, G.; Eparvier, V.; Beauchene, J.; Thibaut, B.; Stien, D. |
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Title |
Secondary metabolites of Bagassa guianensis Aubl. wood: A study of the chemotaxonomy of the Moraceae family |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Phytochemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phytochemistry |
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Volume |
71 |
Issue |
14-15 |
Pages |
1708-1713 |
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Keywords |
Bagassa guianensis; Moraceae; Secondary metabolites; Stilbenes; Moracins; Flavonoids; Natural durability |
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Abstract |
In order to explain the durability of the Moraceae plant family, phytochemistry of Bagassa guianensis was performed. Ethyl acetate extract was obtained from the heartwood and 18 secondary metabolites were isolated, including 6 moracins [6-O-methyl-moracin M, 6-O-methyl-moracin N and moracin Z; previously identified: moracin M, moracin N and moracin P], 8 stilbenoids [presently identified: (-)-epialboctalol and arachidin 4; previously identified: alboctalol, trans-resveratrol, arachidin 2, trans-oxyresveratrol and artogomezianol], 3 previously identified flavonoids, steppogenin, katuranin and dihydromorin, beta-sitosterol and resorcinol. Previous studies suggest that stilbenoids are responsible for the natural durability of wood. Our study has determined that B. guianensis is closely related to Morus sp. in phylogeny and should be included in the Moreae sensu stricto tribe of the Moraceae family. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
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Address |
[Royer, Mariana; Eparvier, Veronique; Thibaut, Bernard; Stien, Didier] Univ Antilles Guyane, CNRS, UMR Ecofog, F-97337 Cayenne, France, Email: didier.stien@guyane.cnrs.fr |
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PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD |
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ISSN |
0031-9422 |
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Notes |
ISI:000282453900013 |
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no |
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Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
30 |
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Author |
Roux, O.; Martin, J.M.; Ghomsi, N.T.; Dejean, A. |
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Title |
A Non-lethal Water-based Removal-reapplication Technique for Behavioral Analysis of Cuticular Compounds of Ants |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Journal of Chemical Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Chem. Ecol. |
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Volume |
35 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
904-912 |
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Keywords |
Ants; Behavioral assay; Behavioral ecology; Camponotus blandus; Chemical composition; Chemical ecology; Cuticular hydrocarbons; Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; Live dummies; Solenopsis saevissima; Methods |
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Abstract |
Interspecific relationships among insects are often mediated by chemical cues, including non-volatile cuticular compounds. Most of these compounds are hydrocarbons that necessitate the use of solvents for their extraction, identification, and manipulation during behavioral assays. The toxicity of these solvents often precludes the removal and reapplication of hydrocarbons from and to live insects. As a consequence, dummies often are used in behavioral assays, but their passivity can bias the behavior of the responding insects. To overcome these limitations, we propose a method where cuticular compounds are extracted from live ants by placing them into glass vials half-filled with tepid water (ca. 34A degrees C) and vigorously shaking the vials to form an emulsion whose supernatant can be analyzed and/or reapplied to other ants. We demonstrate that cuticular compounds can be extracted from workers of the red fire ant, Solenopsis saevissima, and reapplied to the cuticle of workers from a sympatric species, Camponotus blandus (both Hymenoptera: Formicidae), while keeping the ants alive. Gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis and behavioral assays were used to confirm the successful transfer of the behaviorally active compounds. |
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Address |
[Roux, Olivier; Martin, Jean-Michel; Dejean, Alain] Ecol Forets Guyane, CNRS, UMR 8172, F-97379 Kourou, France, Email: oroux@cict.fr |
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SPRINGER |
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ISSN |
0098-0331 |
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Notes |
ISI:000269954400006 |
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no |
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Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
104 |
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Author |
Roux, O.; Billen, J.; Orivel, J.; Dejean, A. |
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Title |
An Overlooked Mandibular-Rubbing Behavior Used during Recruitment by the African Weaver Ant, Oecophylla longinoda |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
PLoS One |
Abbreviated Journal |
PLoS One |
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Volume |
5 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
e8957 |
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Abstract |
In Oecophylla, an ant genus comprising two territorially dominant arboreal species, workers are known to (1) use anal spots to mark their territories, (2) drag their gaster along the substrate to deposit short-range recruitment trails, and (3) drag the extruded rectal gland along the substrate to deposit the trails used in long-range recruitment. Here we study an overlooked but important marking behavior in which O. longinoda workers first rub the underside of their mandibles onto the substrate, and then-in a surprising posture-tilt their head and also rub the upper side of their mandibles. We demonstrate that this behavior is used to recruit nestmates. Its frequency varies with the rate at which a new territory, a sugary food source, a prey item, or an alien ant are discovered. Microscopy analyses showed that both the upper side and the underside of the mandibles possess pores linked to secretory glands. So, by rubbing their mandibles onto the substrate, the workers probably spread a secretion from these glands that is involved in nestmate recruitment. |
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Address |
[Roux, Olivier; Dejean, Alain] CNRS, UMR, Kourou, France, Email: oroux@cict.fr |
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Publisher |
PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE |
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ISSN |
1932-6203 |
ISBN |
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Notes |
ISI:000274209700003 |
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no |
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Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
82 |
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Author |
Roux, O.; Cereghino, R.; Solano, P.J.; Dejean, A. |
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Title |
Caterpillars and Fungal Pathogens: Two Co-Occurring Parasites of an Ant-Plant Mutualism |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
PLoS One |
Abbreviated Journal |
PLoS One |
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Volume |
6 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
e20538 |
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Abstract |
In mutualisms, each interacting species obtains resources from its partner that it would obtain less efficiently if alone, and so derives a net fitness benefit. In exchange for shelter (domatia) and food, mutualistic plant-ants protect their host myrmecophytes from herbivores, encroaching vines and fungal pathogens. Although selective filters enable myrmecophytes to host those ant species most favorable to their fitness, some insects can by-pass these filters, exploiting the rewards supplied whilst providing nothing in return. This is the case in French Guiana for Cecropia obtusa (Cecropiaceae) as Pseudocabima guianalis caterpillars (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae) can colonize saplings before the installation of their mutualistic Azteca ants. The caterpillars shelter in the domatia and feed on food bodies (FBs) whose production increases as a result. They delay colonization by ants by weaving a silk shield above the youngest trichilium, where the FBs are produced, blocking access to them. This probable temporal priority effect also allows female moths to lay new eggs on trees that already shelter caterpillars, and so to occupy the niche longer and exploit Cecropia resources before colonization by ants. However, once incipient ant colonies are able to develop, they prevent further colonization by the caterpillars. Although no higher herbivory rates were noted, these caterpillars are ineffective in protecting their host trees from a pathogenic fungus, Fusarium moniliforme (Deuteromycetes), that develops on the trichilium in the absence of mutualistic ants. Therefore, the Cecropia treelets can be parasitized by two often overlooked species: the caterpillars that shelter in the domatia and feed on FBs, delaying colonization by mutualistic ants, and the fungal pathogen that develops on old trichilia. The cost of greater FB production plus the presence of the pathogenic fungus likely affect tree growth. |
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Address |
[Roux, Olivier; Dejean, Alain] CNRS, Ecol Forets Guyane UMR 8172, Kourou, France, Email: olivier.roux@ird.fr |
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Public Library Science |
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ISSN |
1932-6203 |
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Notes |
ISI:000291097600091 |
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no |
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Call Number |
EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
322 |
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Author |
Roux, O.; Le Lann, C.; van Alphen, J.J.M.; van Baaren, J. |
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Title |
How does heat shock affect the life history traits of adults and progeny of the aphid parasitoid Aphidius avenae (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae)? |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Bulletin of Entomological Research |
Abbreviated Journal |
Bull. Entomol. Res. |
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Volume |
100 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
543-549 |
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Keywords |
developmental rate; fecundity; heat stress; longevity; sex-specific effect; parasitic wasp |
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Abstract |
Because insects are ectotherms, their physiology, behaviour and fitness are influenced by the ambient temperature. Any changes in environmental temperatures may impact the fitness and life history traits of insects and, thus, affect population dynamics. Here, we experimentally tested the impact of heat shock on the fitness and life history traits of adults of the aphid parasitoid Aphidius avenae and on the later repercussions for their progeny. Our results show that short exposure (1h) to an elevated temperature (36 degrees C), which is frequently experienced by parasitoids during the summer, resulted in high mortality rates in a parasitoid population and strongly affected the fitness of survivors by drastically reducing reproductive output and triggering a sex-dependent effect on lifespan. Heat stress resulted in greater longevity in surviving females and in shorter longevity in surviving males in comparison with untreated individuals. Viability and the developmental rates of progeny were also affected in a sex-dependent manner. These results underline the ecological importance of the thermal stress response of parasitoid species, not only for survival, but also for maintaining reproductive activities. |
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Address |
[Roux, O.] Univ Toulouse 3, Lab Ecol Fonct, UMR 5245 CNRS UPS INPT, F-31062 Toulouse 04, France, Email: oroux@cict.fr |
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Publisher |
CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS |
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ISSN |
0007-4853 |
ISBN |
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Notes |
ISI:000282077700005 |
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no |
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Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
42 |
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Author |
Campillo, F.; Rakotozafy, R.; Rossi, V. |
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Title |
Parallel and interacting Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Mathematics and Computers in Simulation |
Abbreviated Journal |
Math. Comput. Simul. |
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Volume |
79 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
3424-3433 |
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Keywords |
Markov chain Monte Carlo method; Interacting chains; Hidden Markov model |
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Abstract |
In many situations it is important to be able to propose N independent realizations of a given distribution law. We propose a strategy for making N parallel Monte Carlo Markov chains (MCMC) interact in order to get an approximation of an independent N-sample of a given target law. In this method each individual chain proposes candidates for all other chains. We prove that the set of interacting chains is itself a MCMC method for the product of N target measures. Compared to independent parallel chains this method is more time consuming. but we show through examples that it possesses many advantages. This approach is applied to a biomass evolution model. (C) 2009 IMACS. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
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Address |
[Rossi, Vivien] CIRAD, Res Unit, Montpellier, France, Email: Fabien.Campillo@inria.fr |
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Publisher |
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV |
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ISSN |
0378-4754 |
ISBN |
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Notes |
ISI:000269289100006 |
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no |
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Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
197 |
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Author |
Rodrigues, A.M.S.; Theodoro, P.N.E.T.; Eparvier, V.; Basset, C.; Silva, M.R.R.; Beauchene, J.; Espindola, L.S.; Stien, D. |
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Title |
Search for Antifungal Compounds from the Wood of Durable Tropical Trees |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Journal of Natural Products |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Nat. Prod. |
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Volume |
73 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
1706-1707 |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
Research on antifungal compounds from the durable wood from French Guiana Amazonian forest trees highlights the correlation between the activity of their extracts against wood-rotting fungi and human pathogens. The fractionation of an ethyl acetate extract of Sextonia rubra wood led to the isolation of rubrenolide (1) and rubrynolide (2). The potential of compounds 1 and 2 is described through the evaluation of their activity against 16 pathogenic fungi and their cytotoxicity toward NIH-3T3 mammalian fibroblast cells. |
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Address |
[Rodrigues, Alice M. S.; Eparvier, Veronique; Basset, Charlie; Espindola, Laila S.; Stien, Didier] Univ Antilles Guyane, CNRS, UMR ECOFOG, F-97300 Cayenne, France, Email: darvenne@unb.br |
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Publisher |
AMER CHEMICAL SOC |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0163-3864 |
ISBN |
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Notes |
ISI:000283288900015 |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
25 |
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