| Records |
| Author |
Maia, A.C.D.; Schlindwein, C.; Navarro, D.M.A.F.; Gibernau, M. |
| Title |
Pollination of Philodendron Acutatum (Araceae) in the Atlantic Forest of Northeastern Brazil: A Single Scarab Beetle Species Guarantees High Fruit Set |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2010 |
Publication |
International Journal of Plant Sciences |
Abbreviated Journal |
Int. J. Plant Sci. |
| Volume |
171 |
Issue |
7 |
Pages |
740-748 |
| Keywords |
Cyclocephala; floral volatiles; pollination specificity; reproductive success; thermogenesis |
| Abstract |
Philodendron acutatum (Araceae) is a hemiepiphyte common to the Atlantic Forest of northeastern Brazil. In two localities, we studied the species' breeding system and associations with flower-visiting insects, along with an analysis of its floral scent composition. The fruit set of self-incompatible P. acutatum was high, more than 90%, and inflorescences were exclusively pollinated by one species of scarab beetle, Cyclocephala celata (Scarabaeidae, Dynastinae). Pollinators are drawn toward the inflorescences at dusk by strong floral fragrances given off during the female phase of anthesis, along with endogenous heating of the spadix, whose temperatures were recorded at more than 11 degrees C above ambient air. Two other species of flower-visiting Cyclocephala were also consistently recovered in blacklight trappings during the flowering period of P. acutatum. The fact that only C. celata was found in association with P. acutatum suggests a local reproductive dependence of the plant to this scarab beetle species. Dihydro-beta-ionone and 2-hydroxy-5-methyl-3-hexanone, a rare volatile molecule so far unreported as a floral compound, together accounted for more than 97% of the unique scent composition of P. acutatum and might be involved in specific attraction of C. celata. |
Address  |
[Dalia Maia, Artur Campos] Univ Fed Paraiba, Programa Posgrad Ciencias Biol, BR-58059900 Joao Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil, Email: arturcamposmaia@yahoo.com.br |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
UNIV CHICAGO PRESS |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
1058-5893 |
ISBN |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
ISI:000280855800003 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
46 |
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| Author |
Coutand, C.; Chevolot, M.; Lacointe, A.; Rowe, N.; Scotti, I. |
| Title |
Mechanosensing of stem bending and its interspecific variability in five neotropical rainforest species |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Annals of Botany |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ann. Bot. |
| Volume |
105 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
341-347 |
| Keywords |
Mechanosensing; interspecific variability; trees; lianas; rain forest; neotropical species; bending; biomechanics; Bauhinia; Eperua; Symphonia; Tachigali |
| Abstract |
In rain forests, sapling survival is highly dependent on the regulation of trunk slenderness (height/diameter ratio): shade-intolerant species have to grow in height as fast as possible to reach the canopy but also have to withstand mechanical loadings (wind and their own weight) to avoid buckling. Recent studies suggest that mechanosensing is essential to control tree dimensions and stability-related morphogenesis. Differences in species slenderness have been observed among rainforest trees; the present study thus investigates whether species with different slenderness and growth habits exhibit differences in mechanosensitivity. Recent studies have led to a model of mechanosensing (sum-of-strains model) that predicts a quantitative relationship between the applied sum of longitudinal strains and the plant's responses in the case of a single bending. Saplings of five different neotropical species (Eperua falcata, E. grandiflora, Tachigali melinonii, Symphonia globulifera and Bauhinia guianensis) were subjected to a regimen of controlled mechanical loading phases (bending) alternating with still phases over a period of 2 months. Mechanical loading was controlled in terms of strains and the five species were subjected to the same range of sum of strains. The application of the sum-of-strain model led to a dose-response curve for each species. Dose-response curves were then compared between tested species. The model of mechanosensing (sum-of-strain model) applied in the case of multiple bending as long as the bending frequency was low. A comparison of dose-response curves for each species demonstrated differences in the stimulus threshold, suggesting two groups of responses among the species. Interestingly, the liana species B. guianensis exhibited a higher threshold than other Leguminosae species tested. This study provides a conceptual framework to study variability in plant mechanosensing and demonstrated interspecific variability in mechanosensing. |
| Address |
[Coutand, Catherine; Lacointe, Andre] Univ Clermont Ferrand, INRA, PIAF, UMR 547, F-63000 Clermont Ferrand, France, Email: coutand@clermont.inra.fr |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
OXFORD UNIV PRESS |
Place of Publication |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0305-7364 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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| Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
ISI:000274347000025 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
71 |
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| Author |
Coutand, C.; Dupraz, C.; Jaouen, G.; Ploquin, S.; Adam, B. |
| Title |
Mechanical stimuli regulate the allocation of biomass in trees: Demonstration with young Prunus avium trees |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Annals of Botany |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ann. Bot. |
| Volume |
101 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
1421-1432 |
| Keywords |
Prunus avium; growth; mechanical stress; bending; biomass; shoot/root ratio; wind; shelter |
| Abstract |
Background and Aims Plastic tree-shelters are increasingly used to protect tree seedlings against browsing animals and herbicide drifts. The biomass allocation in young seedlings of deciduous trees is highly disturbed by common plastic tree-shelters, resulting in poor root systems and reduced diameter growth of the trunk. The shelters have been improved by creating chimney-effect ventilation with holes drilled at the bottom, resulting in stimulated trunk diameter growth, but the root deficit has remained unchanged. An experiment was set up to elucidate the mechanisms behind the poor root growth of sheltered Prunus avium trees. Methods Tree seedlings were grown either in natural windy conditions or in tree-shelters. Mechanical wind stimuli were suppressed in ten unsheltered trees by staking. Mechanical stimuli (bending) of the stem were applied in ten sheltered trees using an original mechanical device. Key Results Sheltered trees suffered from poor root growth, but sheltered bent trees largely recovered, showing that mechano-sensing is an important mechanism governing C allocation and the shoot-root balance. The use of a few artificial mechanical stimuli increased the biomass allocation towards the roots, as did natural wind sway. It was demonstrated that there was an acclimation of plants to the imposed strain. Conclusions This study suggests that if mechanical stimuli are used to control plant growth, they should be applied at low frequency in order to be most effective. The impact on the functional equilibrium hypothesis that is used in many tree growth models is discussed. The consequence of the lack of mechanical stimuli should be incorporated in tree growth models when applied to environments protected from the wind (e.g. greenhouses, dense forests). |
| Address |
[Coutand, Catherine; Jaouen, Gaelle; Ploquin, Stephane; Adam, Boris] Univ Clermont Ferrand, INRA, UMR PIAF, F-63100 Clermont Ferrand, France, Email: coutand@clermont.inra.fr |
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| Publisher |
OXFORD UNIV PRESS |
Place of Publication |
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Summary Language |
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| Series Editor |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0305-7364 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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| Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
ISI:000255987500013 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
211 |
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| Author |
Courtois, E.A.; Paine, C.E.T.; Blandinieres, P.A.; Stien, D.; Bessiere, J.M.; Houel, E.; Baraloto, C.; Chave, J. |
| Title |
Diversity of the Volatile Organic Compounds Emitted by 55 Species of Tropical Trees: a Survey in French Guiana |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Journal of Chemical Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Chem. Ecol. |
| Volume |
35 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
1349-1362 |
| Keywords |
VOCs; Chemical diversity; Sesquiterpenes; Tropical; French Guiana |
| Abstract |
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are produced by a broad range of organisms, from bacteria to mammals, and they represent a vast chemical diversity. In plants, one of the preeminent roles of VOCs is their repellent or cytotoxic activity, which helps the plant deter its predators. Most studies on VOCs emitted by vegetative parts have been conducted in model plant species, and little is known about patterns of VOC emissions in diverse plant communities. We conducted a survey of the VOCs released immediately after mechanical damage of the bark and the leaves of 195 individual trees belonging to 55 tropical tree species in a lowland rainforest of French Guiana. We discovered a remarkably high chemical diversity, with 264 distinct VOCs and a mean of 37 compounds per species. Two monoterpenes (alpha-pinene and limonene) and two sesquiterpenes (beta-caryophyllene and alpha-copaene), which are known to have cytotoxic and deterrent effects, were the most frequent compounds in the sampled species. As has been established for floral scents, the blend of VOCs is largely species-specific and could be used to discriminate among 43 of the 55 sampled species. The species with the most diverse blends were found in the Sapindales, Laurales, and Magnoliales, indicating that VOC diversity is not uniformly distributed among tropical species. Interspecific variation in chemical diversity was caused mostly by variation in sesquiterpenes. This study emphasizes three aspects of VOC emission by tropical tree species: the species-specificity of the mixtures, the importance of sesquiterpenes, and the wide-ranging complexity of the mixtures. |
| Address |
[Courtois, Elodie A.; Blandinieres, Pierre-Alain; Stien, Didier; Houel, Emeline] CNRS, UMR Ecofog, F-97337 Cayenne, France, Email: courtois@cict.fr |
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| Publisher |
SPRINGER |
Place of Publication |
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Summary Language |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0098-0331 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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| Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
ISI:000273086100009 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
73 |
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| Author |
Coste, S.; Roggy, J.C.; Schimann, H.; Epron, D.; Dreyer, E. |
| Title |
A cost-benefit analysis of acclimation to low irradiance in tropical rainforest tree seedlings: leaf life span and payback time for leaf deployment |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Journal of Experimental Botany |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Exp. Bot. |
| Volume |
62 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
3941-3955 |
| Keywords |
Carbon balance; construction cost; functional diversity; leaf life span; payback time; photosynthesis; tropical rainforest |
| Abstract |
The maintenance in the long run of a positive carbon balance under very low irradiance is a prerequisite for survival of tree seedlings below the canopy or in small gaps in a tropical rainforest. To provide a quantitative basis for this assumption, experiments were carried out to determine whether construction cost (CC) and payback time for leaves and support structures, as well as leaf life span (i) differ among species and (ii) display an irradiance-elicited plasticity. Experiments were also conducted to determine whether leaf life span correlates to CC and payback time and is close to the optimal longevity derived from an optimization model. Saplings from 13 tropical tree species were grown under three levels of irradiance. Specific-CC was computed, as well as CC scaled to leaf area at the metamer level. Photosynthesis was recorded over the leaf life span. Payback time was derived from CC and a simple photosynthesis model. Specific-CC displayed only little interspecific variability and irradiance-elicited plasticity, in contrast to CC scaled to leaf area. Leaf life span ranged from 4 months to > 26 months among species, and was longest in seedlings grown under lowest irradiance. It was always much longer than payback time, even under the lowest irradiance. Leaves were shed when their photosynthesis had reached very low values, in contrast to what was predicted by an optimality model. The species ranking for the different traits was stable across irradiance treatments. The two pioneer species always displayed the smallest CC, leaf life span, and payback time. All species displayed a similar large irradiance-elicited plasticity. |
| Address |
[Coste, S; Epron, D; Dreyer, E] INRA, UMR1137, Ctr INRA Nancy, F-54280 Champenoux, France, Email: dreyer@nancy.inra.fr |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
Oxford Univ Press |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
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Summary Language |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0022-0957 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
WOS:000292838700021 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
331 |
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| Author |
Coq, S.; Weigel, J.; Butenschoen, O.; Bonal, D.; Hattenschwiler, S. |
| Title |
Litter composition rather than plant presence affects decomposition of tropical litter mixtures |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Plant and Soil |
Abbreviated Journal |
Plant Soil |
| Volume |
343 |
Issue |
1-2 |
Pages |
273-286 |
| Keywords |
Amazonian lowland rainforest; Belowground/aboveground interactions; Litter decomposition; Non-additive effect; Nitrogen dynamic; Plant-soil feedback |
| Abstract |
Litter decomposition is strongly controlled by litter quality, but the composition of litter mixtures and potential interactions with live plants through root activity may also influence decomposers. In a greenhouse experiment in French Guiana we studied the combined effects of the presence of tropical tree seedlings and of distinct litter composition on mass and nitrogen (N) loss from decomposing litter and on microbial biomass. Different litter mixtures decomposed for 435 days in pots filled with sand and containing an individual seedling from one of four different tree species. We found both additive and negative non-additive effects (NAE) of litter mixing on mass loss, whereas N loss showed negative and positive NAE of litter mixing. If litter from the two tree species, Platonia insignis and Goupia glabra were present, litter mixtures showed more positive and more negative NAE on N loss, respectively. Overall, decomposition, and in particular non-additive effects, were only weakly affected by the presence of tree seedlings. Litter mass loss weakly yet significantly decreased with increasing fine root biomass in presence of Goupia seedlings, but not in the presence of seedlings of any other tree species. Our results showed strong litter composition effects and also clear, mostly negative, non-additive effects on mass loss and N loss. Species identity of tree seedlings can modify litter decomposition, but these live plant effects remain quantitatively inferior to litter composition effects. |
| Address |
[Coq, Sylvain; Haettenschwiler, Stephan] CNRS, CEFE, F-34293 Montpellier 5, France, Email: sylvain.coq@gmail.com |
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| Publisher |
Springer |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0032-079x |
ISBN |
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| Notes |
ISI:000290688000020 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
320 |
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| Author |
Conte, D.E.; Aboulaich, A.; Robert, F.; Olivier-Fourcade, J.; Jumas, J.C.; Jordy, C.; Willmann, P. |
| Title |
Sn-x[BPO4](1-x) composites as negative electrodes for lithium ion cells: Comparison with amorphous SnB0.6P0.4O2.9 and effect of composition |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Journal of Solid State Chemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Solid State Chem. |
| Volume |
183 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
65-75 |
| Keywords |
Sn-based composites; Lithium-ion batteries; Negative electrodes; Mossbauer spectroscopy; LixSn alloys |
| Abstract |
A comparative study of two Sn-based composite materials as negative electrode for Li-ion accumulators is presented. The former SnB0.6P0.4O2.9 obtained by in-situ dispersion of SnO in an oxide matrix is shown to be an amorphous tin composite oxide (ATCO). The latter Sn-0.72[BPO4](0.28) obtained by ex-situ dispersion of Sri in a borophosphate matrix consists of Sri particles embedded in a crystalline BPO4 matrix. The electrochemical responses of ATCO and Sn-0.72.[BPO4](0.28) composite in galvanostatic mode show reversible capacities of about 450 and 530 mAhg(-1), respectively, with different irreversible capacities (60% and 29%). Analysis of these composite materials by Sn-119 Mossbauer spectroscopy in transmission (TMS) and emission (CEMS) modes confirms that ATCO is an amorphous Sn-II composite oxide and shows that in the case of Sn-0.72[BPO4](0.28), the Surface of the tin clusters is mainly formed by Sn-II in an amorphous interface whereas the bulk of the clusters is mainly formed by Sn-0. The determination of the recoilless free fractions f (Lamb-Mossbauer factors) leads to the effective fraction of both Sn-0 and Sn-II species in such composites. The influence of chemical composition and especially of the surface-to-bulk tin species ratio oil the electrochemical behaviour has been analysed for several Sn-x[BPO4](1-x) composite materials (0.17 < x < 0.91). The cell using the compound Sn-0.72[BPO4](0.28) as active material exhibits interesting electrochemical performances (reversible capacity of 500 mAh g(-1) at C/5 rate). (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. |
| Address |
[Conte, Donato Ercole; Aboulaich, Abdelmaula; Robert, Florent; Olivier-Fourcade, Josette; Jumas, Jean-Claude] Univ Montpellier 2, CNRS, UMR 5253,Inst Charles Gerhardt, Equipe Agregats Interfaces & Mat Energie, F-34095 Montpellier, France, Email: iguanasornione@libero.it |
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| Publisher |
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0022-4596 |
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| Notes |
ISI:000273834600010 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
83 |
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| Author |
Christensen-Dalsgaard, K.K.; Ennos, A.R.; Fournier, M. |
| Title |
Are radial changes in vascular anatomy mechanically induced or an ageing process? Evidence from observations on buttressed tree root systems |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Trees-Structure and Function |
Abbreviated Journal |
Trees-Struct. Funct. |
| Volume |
22 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
543-550 |
| Keywords |
wood; anatomy; mechanical loading; tree development; vessels |
| Abstract |
To investigate the effect of changes in mechanical loading conditions on radial anatomical patterns, we here compare the trunk with the roots in two locations of three species of buttressed trees. The proximal part of the buttress roots is highly mechanically loaded throughout juvenile growth whereas the distal part of the buttresses is though to be mechanically unimportant at formation but become progressively more mechanically loaded during growth. We measured the frequency and diameter of the vessels and the vessel area fraction, and from this calculated the specific conductivity of tissue samples of the core-, intermediate- and outer wood. As in previous studies there was an increase in vessel size, vessel area fraction and specific conductivity from the pith to the bark in the trunk. In the proximal part of the buttress roots, however, there was no increase in vessel size and conductivity from core wood and out in agreement with the high mechanical loading found here throughout growth. There was instead a decrease in vessel size, vessel area fraction and specific conductivity from core- to outer wood in the distal part of the buttress roots in accordance with the increase in mechanical loading. Hence, it appears that the radial anatomical patterns are not a passive function of cambial ageing but may be modified in response to local mechanical loading. |
| Address |
[Christensen-Dalsgaard, Karen K.] Univ Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E3, Canada, Email: kkchrist@ualberta.ca |
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SPRINGER |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0931-1890 |
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| Notes |
ISI:000257385200014 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
136 |
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| Author |
Chevolot, M.; Louisanna, E.; Azri, W.; Leblanc-Fournier, N.; Roeckel-Drevet, P.; Scotti-Saintagne, C.; Scotti, I. |
| Title |
Isolation of primers for candidate genes for mechano-sensing in five Neotropical tree species |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Tree Genetics & Genomes |
Abbreviated Journal |
Tree Genet. Genomes |
| Volume |
7 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
655-661 |
| Keywords |
Population genomics; Functional gene; Mechanical signals; Fabaceae |
| Abstract |
Mechanical signals have an impact on plant development. Tropical rainforest trees display large variability for life-history traits related to biomechanics and therefore are a unique study system to better understand biomechanical trait variability from an evolutionary perspective. From sequences and gene expression data available in model species, we developed specific primers for six candidate genes for mechano-sensing in five tropical species. Most of the gene sequences were polymorphic in most species. |
| Address |
[Chevolot, Malia; Louisanna, Eliane; Scotti-Saintagne, Caroline; Scotti, Ivan] INRA, Unite Mixte Rech Ecol Forets Guyane, Kourou 97310, French Guiana, Email: ivan.scotti@ecofog.gf |
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| Publisher |
Springer Heidelberg |
Place of Publication |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
1614-2942 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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| Notes |
ISI:000290571900018 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
315 |
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| Author |
Chave, J.; Navarrete, D.; Almeida, S.; Alvarez, E.; Aragao, L.E.O.C.; Bonal, D.; Chatelet, P.; Silva-Espejo, J.E.; Goret, J.Y.; von Hildebrand, P.; Jimenez, E.; Patino, S.; Penuela, M.C.; Phillips, O.L.; Stevenson, P.; Malhi, Y. |
| Title |
Regional and seasonal patterns of litterfall in tropical South America |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Biogeosciences |
Abbreviated Journal |
Biogeosciences |
| Volume |
7 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
43-55 |
| Keywords |
|
| Abstract |
The production of aboveground soft tissue represents an important share of total net primary production in tropical rain forests. Here we draw from a large number of published and unpublished datasets (n=81 sites) to assess the determinants of litterfall variation across South American tropical forests. We show that across old-growth tropical rainforests, litterfall averages 8.61 +/- 1.91 Mg ha(-1) yr(-1) (mean +/- standard deviation, in dry mass units). Secondary forests have a lower annual litterfall than old-growth tropical forests with a mean of 8.01 +/- 3.41 Mg ha(-1) yr(-1). Annual litterfall shows no significant variation with total annual rainfall, either globally or within forest types. It does not vary consistently with soil type, except in the poorest soils (white sand soils), where litterfall is significantly lower than in other soil types (5.42 +/- 1.91 Mg ha(-1) yr(-1)). We also study the determinants of litterfall seasonality, and find that it does not depend on annual rainfall or on soil type. However, litterfall seasonality is significantly positively correlated with rainfall seasonality. Finally, we assess how much carbon is stored in reproductive organs relative to photosynthetic organs. Mean leaf fall is 5.74 +/- 1.83 Mg ha(-1) yr(-1) (71% of total litterfall). Mean allocation into reproductive organs is 0.69 +/- 0.40 Mg ha(-1) yr(-1) (9% of total litterfall). The investment into reproductive organs divided by leaf litterfall increases with soil fertility, suggesting that on poor soils, the allocation to photosynthetic organs is prioritized over that to reproduction. Finally, we discuss the ecological and biogeochemical implications of these results. |
| Address |
[Chave, J.] CNRS UPS, Lab Evolut & Divers Biol, UMR 5174, Toulouse, France, Email: chave@cict.fr |
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| Publisher |
COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
1726-4170 |
ISBN |
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| Notes |
ISI:000274058100004 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
70 |
| Permanent link to this record |
