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Author Chartier, M.; Pélozuelo, L.; Gibernau, M. url  openurl
  Title Do floral odor profiles geographically vary with the degree of specificity for pollinators? Investigation in two sapromyophilous Arum species (Araceae) Type Journal Article
  Year 2011 Publication Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France Abbreviated Journal (up) Ann. Soc. Entomol. Fr.  
  Volume 47 Issue 1-2 Pages 71-77  
  Keywords Arum italicum; Arum maculatum; Floral scent; Psychodidae; Specificity  
  Abstract We compared floral odour profiles among populations of two Arum species which show different degrees of specificity for their fly pollinators. Insects were collected from inflorescences in four populations of Arum italicum and two populations of Arum maculatum. In six Arum populations, we compared inflorescences odour profiles collected by Solid Phase Micro Extraction (SPME) and analysed by gas chromatography. We confirmed that from a pollination point of view, A. italicum is an opportunist species, as it is mainly pollinated by insects of the families Psychodidae, Chironomidae and Sciaridae, whereas A. maculatum is a specialist species, as it is 90% pollinated by Psychodidae. In all populations, Arum italicum was less attractive to pollinators than Arum maculatum. Floral odour profiles of A. italicum were not geographically structured among populations, suggesting a high gene flow or adaptation to a fluctuant guild of pollinators. On the contrary, odour profiles of A. maculatum varied between the two populations studied suggesting a lower gene flow or adaptation to different local pollinator preferences.  
  Address CNRS – Ecofog (UMR 8172), BP709, F-97387 Kourou, France  
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  ISSN 00379271 (Issn) ISBN Medium  
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  Notes Export Date: 26 October 2011; Source: Scopus; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Chartier, M.; Université Paul Sabatier, Laboratoire Evolution and Diversité Biologique (UMR 5174), Bât. 4R3-B2, F-31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France; email: chartier.marion@gmail.com Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 366  
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Author Mariano, C.S.F.; Silva Santos, I.D.A.; Groc, S.; Leroy, C.; Malé, P.-J.; Ruiz-González, M.X.; Cerdan, P.; Dejean, A.; Delabie, J.H.C. url  openurl
  Title The karyotypes of Gigantiops destructor (Fabricius) and other ants from French Guiana (Formicidae) Type Journal Article
  Year 2011 Publication Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France Abbreviated Journal (up) Ann. Soc. Entomol. Fr.  
  Volume 47 Issue 1-2 Pages 140-146  
  Keywords Chromosome number; Diversity; Minimum interaction theory  
  Abstract The aim of this study, which was conducted in French Guiana, was to characterize the karyotypes of nine ant species belonging to the genera Anochetus, Apterostigma, Cyphomyrmex, Camponotus, Gigantiops, Myrmicocrypta, Odontomachus and Pseudomyrmex, and to compare them with published data. We present the first descriptions of the karyotypes of Gigantiops destructor (Fabricius), an endemic Formicinae of the Amazonian region, which is the only living species in the tribe Gigantiopini, and of a species from the poorly-known cryptic genus Myrmicocrypta, which belongs to the Myrmicinae tribe Attini.  
  Address HYDRECO, Laboratoire Environnement Aménagement de Petit Saut, BP 823, F- 97388 Kourou Cedex, France  
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  Notes Export Date: 26 October 2011; Source: Scopus; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Delabie, J.H.C.; Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rodovia Ilhéus-Itabuna, Km 16, 45650-000 Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 367  
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Author Leroy, C.; Jauneau, A.; Martinez, Y.; Cabin-Flaman, A.; Gibouin, D.; Orivel, J.; Séjalon-Delmas, N. doi  openurl
  Title Exploring fungus-plant N transfer in a tripartite ant-plant-fungus mutualism Type Journal Article
  Year 2017 Publication Annals of Botany Abbreviated Journal (up) Annals of Botany  
  Volume 120 Issue 3 Pages 417-426  
  Keywords Ascomycetes; endophytic fungi; Hirtella physophora; microscopy; mutualism; myrmecophyte; NanoSIMS; stable isotope  
  Abstract Background and Aims The plant Hirtella physophora, the ant Allomerus decemarticulatus and a fungus, Trimmatostroma sp., form a tripartite association. The ants manipulate both the plant trichomes and the fungus to build galleries under the stems of their host plant used to capture prey. In addition to its structural role, the fungus also improves nutrient uptake by the host plant. But it still remains unclear whether the fungus plays an indirect or a direct role in transferring nutrients to the plant. This study aimed to trace the transfer of N from the fungus to the plant's stem tissue. • Methods Optical microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to investigate the presence of fungal hyphae in the stem tissues. Then, a 15N-labelling experiment was combined with a nanoscale secondary-ion mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS 50) isotopic imaging approach to trace the movement of added 15N from the fungus to plant tissues. • Key Results The TEM images clearly showed hyphae inside the stem tissue in the cellular compartment. Also, fungal hyphae were seen perforating the wall of the parenchyma cell. The 15N provisioning of the fungus in the galleries resulted in significant enrichment of the 15N signature of the plant's leaves 1 d after the 15N-labelling solution was deposited on the fungus-bearing trap. Finally, NanoSIMS imaging proved that nitrogen was transferred biotrophically from the fungus to the stem tissue. • Conclusions This study provides evidence that the fungi are connected endophytically to an ant-plant system and actively transfer nitrogen from 15N-labelling solution to the plant's stem tissues. Overall, this study underlines how complex the trophic structure of ant-plant interactions is due to the presence of the fungus and provides insight into the possibly important nutritional aspects and tradeoffs involved in myrmecophyte-ant mutualisms. © The Author 2017.  
  Address Laboratoire de Recherches en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, France  
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  Notes Export Date: 2 October 2017 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 767  
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Author Lehnebach, R.; Beyer, R.; Letort, V.; Heuret, P. doi  openurl
  Title Corrigendum: The pipe model theory half a century on: A review (Annals of Botany DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcx194) Type Journal Article
  Year 2018 Publication Annals of Botany Abbreviated Journal (up) Annals of Botany  
  Volume 121 Issue 7 Pages 1427  
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  Abstract There was an error in the affiliations of Véronique Letort. The correct affiliation is Laboratory of Mathematics in Interaction with Computer Science (MICS), CentraleSupélec, France The online paper has been corrected.  
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  Notes Export Date: 16 July 2018 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 810  
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Author Leclerc, T.; Vimal, R.; Troispoux, V.; Périgon, S.; Scotti, I. url  openurl
  Title Life after disturbance (I): changes in the spatial genetic structure of Jacaranda copaia (Aubl.) D. Don (Bignonianceae) after logging in an intensively studied plot in French Guiana Type Journal Article
  Year 2015 Publication Annals of Forest Science Abbreviated Journal (up) Annals of Forest Science  
  Volume 72 Issue 5 Pages 509-516  
  Keywords Amazon; Bayesian clustering; Demogenetics; Guiana shield; Parentage analysis; Regeneration; Spatial genetic structure; Tropical rainforest  
  Abstract Key message: Forest disturbance affects the within-population distribution of genetic diversity, but not its overall levels, in a tropical pioneer tree species. In particular, clumps of related saplings with impoverished diversity are found in canopy gaps but not under forest cover. Context: Forest disturbances can have long-term consequences on the genetic structure of tree populations, because they can alter the demographic properties of the regeneration process and favour some subpopulations/genotypes, both by stochastic processes and by selection. Intermediate disturbances tend to favour species diversity, at least in highly diverse communities, but their effect on intra-specific diversity is unknown. Aims: In this study, we have looked at the genetic consequences of forest disturbance in a stand of the long-lived Neotropical pioneer species, Jacaranda copaia. Methods: The study site was experimentally logged in 1984, and the canopy gaps generated by the logging were mapped. Seedlings of J. copaia colonised the gaps, as expected, at a higher density than in the surrounding forest. In 2006, we exhaustively sampled all saplings and adult trees available in a 25-ha area. The samples were genotyped at nine microsatellite loci, and the distribution of genetic diversity was inspected by analyses of spatial autocorrelation, automated Bayesian assignment and comparisons of diversity between cohorts by bootstrap (RaBoT). Results: Spatial autocorrelation was found to extend farther in post-disturbance saplings than in the undisturbed population (100 m and beyond versus less than 50 m), and divergent clumps (F<inf>ST</inf> = 0.05) of related genotypes were found; genetic diversity was found to be impoverished in each clump relative to the global population at about half of the loci. Conclusion: Overall, our results suggest that forest disturbance has changed the patterns of distribution of genetic diversity, with potential consequences on long-term population viability. © 2015, INRA and Springer-Verlag France.  
  Address INRA, URFM « Ecologie des Forêts Méditerranéennes », Domaine de Saint-Paul, Avignon, France  
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  Notes Export Date: 16 July 2015 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 611  
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Author Scotti, I.; Montaigne, W.; Cseke, K.; Traissac, S. url  openurl
  Title Life after disturbance (II): the intermediate disturbance hypothesis explains genetic variation in forest gaps dominated by Virola michelii Heckel (Myristicaceae) Type Journal Article
  Year 2015 Publication Annals of Forest Science Abbreviated Journal (up) Annals of Forest Science  
  Volume 72 Issue 8 Pages 1035-1042  
  Keywords Amazon; Bayesian clustering; Demogenetics; Guiana shield; Parentage analysis; Regeneration; Spatial genetic structure; Tropical rainforest  
  Abstract Key message: Genetic diversity appears to be unaffected by disturbance in a stand of the light-demanding Neotropical treeV. michelii. Although spatial genetic structure is modified in post-disturbance cohorts, mixing of seeds from different mother trees in canopy gaps appears to efficiently maintain genetic admixture. Context: The interplay between genetic and demographic processes has major consequences on population viability. Population size affects demographic trends, while genetic diversity insures viability by reducing risks of inbreeding depression and by maintaining adaptive potential. Yet, the consequences of increases in census size (as opposed to effective size) on genetic diversity of forest populations are poorly known. Aims: We have studied the structure of genetic diversity in populations of saplings of the light-responsive tree, Virola michelii (Myristicaceae, the nutmeg family), in two plots having undergone different levels of canopy-gap opening disturbance. This allowed us to test the “intermediate disturbance” hypothesis, which generally applies to species diversity, at the intra-specific scale. Methods: Levels and distribution of genetic diversity were compared between plots and between life stages. Sapling parentage was analysed to infer each adult tree’s contribution to regeneration. Results: Genetic diversity was higher, and spatial genetic structure was stronger in the post-disturbance than in the control seedling population. Parentage analysis suggested that a limited number of parents contributed to most of the regeneration, but that efficient mixing of their progeny may have enhanced the diversity of saplings occupying canopy gaps. Conclusion: A mixture of demo-genetic processes may contribute to maintain genetic diversity in spite of, or possibly due to, ecosystem disturbance in V. michelii. © 2015, INRA and Springer-Verlag France.  
  Address Solicaz, Guyane Technopôle, 16 bis Rue du 14 Juillet, Cayenne, French Guiana  
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  Notes Export Date: 14 December 2015 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 642  
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Author Scotti, I.; González-Martínez, S.C.; Budde, K.B.; Lalague, H. url  openurl
  Title Fifty years of genetic studies: what to make of the large amounts of variation found within populations? Type Journal Article
  Year 2016 Publication Annals of Forest Science Abbreviated Journal (up) Annals of Forest Science  
  Volume 73 Issue 1 Pages 69-75  
  Keywords Intra-specific variation; Microgeography; Natural selection; Population genomics  
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  Address INRA, UMR745 Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane, Campus Agronomique, Kourou, French Guiana  
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  Notes Export Date: 7 March 2016 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 667  
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Author Thibaut, B.; Denaud, L.; Collet, R.; Marchal, R.; Beauchene, J.; Mothe, F.; Méausoone, P.-J.; Martin, P.; Larricq, P.; Eyma, F. url  openurl
  Title Wood machining with a focus on French research in the last 50 years Type Journal Article
  Year 2016 Publication Annals of Forest Science Abbreviated Journal (up) Annals of Forest Science  
  Volume 73 Issue 1 Pages 163-184  
  Keywords Primary conversion; Secondary processing; Surface quality; Tool wear  
  Abstract Key message: Wood machining is compulsory both for timber separation and the surfacing of wooden objects. The anisotropy, cellular nature and multi-scale level organisation of wood make its cutting complicated to study. During the last 50 years, most of the wood machining subjects were covered by French teams. Context: Woodcutting is a very old technology but scientific research is scarce on the subject. In the last 50 years, much work on basic mechanisms as well as on industrial processes has been done in France. Aims: The specific nature of wood introduces strong differences between wood and metal cutting processes. The paper focuses on French teams’ contributions. Results: The basic aspects of the tool–material interaction for different basic modes in woodcutting are highlighted. In primary conversion such as sawing, veneer cutting or green wood chipping, huge progress comes from automation and the possibility of linking the process to log and product quality through new sensors. In secondary processing, much has been done on the links between the cutting process, surface qualification and the properties of these surfaces for further processing, such as gluing or coating. Tool wear depends on the cutting process, timber quality and species. Trade-offs are required in tool technology and coating technologies may improve tool life. Conclusion: A large amount of knowledge and innovation has come from 50 years of worldwide research effort, with France being particularly active in this period. The transfer of skills from metals cutting industry was often a key, but much is needed to move closer to both metal cutting sector and woodcutting skills among craftsmen. © 2015, INRA and Springer-Verlag France.  
  Address ICA, Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse III, Toulouse, France  
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  Notes Export Date: 7 March 2016 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 668  
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Author Bonal, D.; Burban, B.; Stahl, C.; Wagner, F.; Herault, B. url  openurl
  Title The response of tropical rainforests to drought—lessons from recent research and future prospects Type Journal Article
  Year 2016 Publication Annals of Forest Science Abbreviated Journal (up) Annals of Forest Science  
  Volume 73 Issue 1 Pages 27-44  
  Keywords Carbon; Climate; Drought; Global change; Growth; Mortality; Soil; Tropical; Water  
  Abstract Key message: We review the recent findings on the influence of drought on tree mortality, growth or ecosystem functioning in tropical rainforests. Drought plays a major role in shaping tropical rainforests and the response mechanisms are highly diverse and complex. The numerous gaps identified here require the international scientific community to combine efforts in order to conduct comprehensive studies in tropical rainforests on the three continents. These results are essential to simulate the future of these ecosystems under diverse climate scenarios and to predict the future of the global earth carbon balance. Context: Tropical rainforest ecosystems are characterized by high annual rainfall. Nevertheless, rainfall regularly fluctuates during the year and seasonal soil droughts do occur. Over the past decades, a number of extreme droughts have hit tropical rainforests, not only in Amazonia but also in Asia and Africa. The influence of drought events on tree mortality and growth or on ecosystem functioning (carbon and water fluxes) in tropical rainforest ecosystems has been studied intensively, but the response mechanisms are complex. Aims: Herein, we review the recent findings related to the response of tropical forest ecosystems to seasonal and extreme droughts and the current knowledge about the future of these ecosystems. Results: This review emphasizes the progress made over recent years and the importance of the studies conducted under extreme drought conditions or in through-fall exclusion experiments in understanding the response of these ecosystems. It also points to the great diversity and complexity of the response of tropical rainforest ecosystems to drought. Conclusion: The numerous gaps identified here require the international scientific community to combine efforts in order to conduct comprehensive studies in tropical forest regions. These results are essential to simulate the future of these ecosystems under diverse climate scenarios and to predict the future of the global earth carbon balance. © 2015, INRA and Springer-Verlag France.  
  Address National Institute for Space Research (INPE), São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil  
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  Notes Export Date: 7 March 2016 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 669  
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Author Anouhe, J.-B.S.; Niamké, F.B.; Faustin, M.; Virieux, D.; Pirat, J.-L.; Adima, A.A.; Kati-Coulibaly, S.; Amusant, N. url  doi
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  Title The role of extractives in the natural durability of the heartwood of Dicorynia guianensis Amsh: new insights in antioxydant and antifungal properties Type Journal Article
  Year 2018 Publication Annals of Forest Science Abbreviated Journal (up) Annals of Forest Science  
  Volume 75 Issue 1 Pages  
  Keywords Alkaloid; Antifungal; Antioxidant; Dicorynia guianensis; Heartwood; Natural durability; Phenols  
  Abstract Key message: The natural durability of Dicorynia guianensis Amsh’s Heartwood is conferred by the high content of antioxidant phenolic compounds, especially tannins and flavonoids combined with the presence of fungistatic alkaloids. The content of phenolic compounds increases according to the natural durability classes, from durable wood (class 2) to moderately durable wood (class 3) and correlated to the antioxidant capacity.
Context: The heartwood of Dicorynia guianensis Amsh is resistant to white rot fungi decay, but the mechanism of this natural durability is not fully elucidated.
Aims: Biochemical studies were carried out in order to better understand the role of extractives in natural durability of D. guianensis.
Methods: The powders from durable and moderately durable heartwood were extracted with methanol, ethanol, and hot water. The quantity of total phenols, tannins, and flavonoids as well as antioxidant activity, evaluated by 2,2′-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) were determined using colorimetric methods. Antifungal activity was assessed by using two white rot fungi. The bioactive fractions and compounds were obtained using bio-guided fractionation, HPLC isolation, MS and RMN spectroscopic analyses.
Results: Durable woods contain higher amounts of heartwood extract and antioxidant activity. Antioxidant activity was highly correlated with the content of phenolics. The purification of the most antioxidant fraction FII affords the characterization of (+)-catechin (−)-epicatechin, neoastilbin, astilbin, and isoastilbin. Alkaloid fraction FIII exhibits dose-dependent fungistatic activity against Pycnoporus sanguineus Linnaeus and Trametes versicolor Quelet.
Conclusion: Phenolic antioxidants and fungistatic alkaloids positively impact the natural durability of D. guianensis.
 
  Address AM2N, Institut Charles Gerhardt, UMR 5253, ENSCM 8 rue de l’Ecole Normale, Montpellier, France  
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  Notes Export Date: 19 February 2018 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 791  
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