| |
Records |
Links |
|
Author |
Lachenaud, P.; Rossi, V.; Thevenin, J.-M.; Doaré, F. |
|
| |
Title |
The “Guiana” genetic group: A new source of resistance to cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) black pod rot caused by Phytophthora capsici |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Crop Protection |
Abbreviated Journal  |
Crop Prot. |
|
| |
Volume |
67 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
91-95 |
|
| |
Keywords |
Black pod; Cocoa; French guiana; Phytophthora capsici; Resistance; Phytophthora capsici; Theobroma cacao |
|
| |
Abstract |
Black pod rot, caused by Stramenopiles of the genus Phytophthora, leads to serious production losses in all cocoa growing zones. In order to reduce the impact of these pests, preference is given to genetic control using resistant varieties, and sources of resistance are actively being sought, particularly in wild cacao trees. Surveys were undertaken in the natural cacao tree populations of south-eastern French Guiana between 1985 and 1995 and an abundant amount of plant material belonging to a particular genetic group, the “Guiana” group, was collected. A great deal of work has shown the merits of this genetic group as a source of resistance to Phytophthora palmivora and megakarya. We describe here the results of a global study to assess the resistance of the 186 clones in the “Guiana” group “core collection” to a Guianese strain of Phytophthora capsici (strain Reg 2-6). This study, which used an efficient methodology (fifteen series of tests on leaf discs and a statistical test adapted to the ordinal nature of the basic data), showed that the “Guiana” genetic group is a major source of resistance to P.capsici. Strain Reg 2-6 proves to be particularly virulent, as the Scavina 6 control, an international reference for resistance to Phytophthora, is not resistant to it. However, 24 clones of the “Guiana” group are, and 92 have proved to be more resistant than Scavina 6, thereby showing the interest of the group in genetically controlling P.capsici.Thus, of the clones in the Guiana group that are more resistant to P.capsici than Scavina 6, some, which are also resistant to P.palmivora and/or Phytophthora megakarya, and also displaying some other notable qualities, could be incorporated into cocoa genetic improvement programmes in countries where P.capsici is rife on cacao trees. |
|
| |
Address |
CIRAD, UPR BSEF, BP 2572Yaoundé, Cameroon |
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
Elsevier Ltd |
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
02612194 (Issn) |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
Export Date: 12 November 2014; Coden: Crptd; Correspondence Address: Lachenaud, P.; CIRAD, UPR 106, BP 701, France |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
565 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Lecante, A.; Robert, F.; Blandinieres, P.A.; Roos, C. |
|
| |
Title |
Anti-corrosive properties of S. tinctoria and G. ouregou alkaloid extracts on low carbon steel |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Current Applied Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
Curr. Appl. Phys. |
|
| |
Volume |
11 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
714-724 |
|
| |
Keywords |
Low carbon steel; Acidic media; Corrosion inhibitor; Plant extract; EIS |
|
| |
Abstract |
The effect of alkaloid extracts from two Amazonian trees (Guatteria ouregou and Simira tinctoria) on low carbon steel corrosion was investigated in acidic solutions by using electrochemical techniques. All of these plant extracts inhibit the corrosion of low carbon steel in 0.1 M HCl solutions. As their concentration increases to 250 mg/L, the inhibition efficiencies of S. tinctoria and G. ouregou alkaloid extracts reach approximately 92% in 0.1 M HCl solutions. The adsorption of the inhibitor molecules was in accordance with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The results obtained show that these plant extracts could be serve as an effective inhibitor for the corrosion of low carbon steel in hydrochloric acid media. Furthermore, harmane was identified as the main component of S. tinctoria extract and that suggests that it is the active ingredient against corrosion of low carbon steel. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
|
| |
Address |
[Lecante, A.; Robert, F.; Blandinieres, P. A.; Roos, C.] UAG UMR ECOFOG, Lab Mat & Mol Milieu Amazonien, F-97337 Cayenne, French Guiana, France, Email: florent.robert@guyane.univ-ag.fr |
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
Elsevier Science Bv |
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
1567-1739 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
ISI:000288183300088 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
300 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Rutishauser, E.; Herault, B.; Baraloto, C.; Blanc, L.; Descroix, L.; Sotta, E.D.; Ferreira, J.; Kanashiro, M.; Mazzei, L.; D'Oliveira, M.V.N.; De Oliveira, L.C.; Peña-Claros, M.; Putz, F.E.; Ruschel, A.R.; Rodney, K.; Roopsind, A.; Shenkin, A.; Da Silva, K.E.; De Souza, C.R.; Toledo, M.; Vidal, E.; West, T.A.P.; Wortel, V.; Sist, P. |
|
| |
Title |
Rapid tree carbon stock recovery in managed Amazonian forests |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Current Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Current Biology |
|
| |
Volume |
25 |
Issue |
18 |
Pages |
R787-R788 |
|
| |
Keywords |
|
|
| |
Abstract |
Summary While around 20% of the Amazonian forest has been cleared for pastures and agriculture, one fourth of the remaining forest is dedicated to wood production [1]. Most of these production forests have been or will be selectively harvested for commercial timber, but recent studies show that even soon after logging, harvested stands retain much of their tree-biomass carbon and biodiversity [2,3]. Comparing species richness of various animal taxa among logged and unlogged forests across the tropics, Burivalova et al.[4] found that despite some variability among taxa, biodiversity loss was generally explained by logging intensity (the number of trees extracted). Here, we use a network of 79 permanent sample plots (376 ha total) located at 10 sites across the Amazon Basin [5] to assess the main drivers of time-to-recovery of post-logging tree carbon (Table S1). Recovery time is of direct relevance to policies governing management practices (i.e., allowable volumes cut and cutting cycle lengths), and indirectly to forest-based climate change mitigation interventions. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. |
|
| |
Address |
Biodiversity Department, CELOS, Paramaribo, Paramaribo, Suriname |
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
Export Date: 2 October 2015 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
626 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Privet, K.; Vedel, V.; Fortunel, C.; Orivel, J.; Martinez, Q.; Cerdan, A.; Baraloto, C.; Pétillon, J. |
|
| |
Title |
Relative effciency of pitfall trapping vs. nocturnal hand collecting in assessing soil-dwelling spider diversity along a structural gradient of neotropical habitats |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Diversity |
Abbreviated Journal |
Diversity |
|
| |
Volume |
12 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
81 |
|
| |
Keywords |
Araneae; Diversity indices; Functional diversity; Guiana shield; Sampling methods; Species richness; Turnover; Araneae |
|
| |
Abstract |
Assessing spider diversity remains a great challenge, especially in tropical habitats where dozens of species can locally co-occur. Pitfall trapping is one of the most widely used techniques to collect spiders, but it suffers from several biases, and its accuracy likely varies with habitat complexity. In this study, we compared the efficiency of passive pitfall trapping versus active nocturnal hand collecting (\"HC) to capture low understory-dwelling spider taxonomical (morpho-species) and functional (hunting guilds) diversity along a structural gradient of habitats in French Guiana. We focused on four habitats describing a structural gradient: garden to the orchard to the forest edge to the undisturbed forest. Overall, estimated morpho-species richness and composition did not vary consistently between habitats, but abundances of ground-hunting spiders decreased significantly with increasing habitat complexity. We found habitat-dependence differences in taxonomic diversity between sampling strategies: NHC revealed higher diversity in the orchard, whereas pitfalls resulted in higher diversity in the forest. Species turnover resulted in high dissimilarity in species composition between habitats using either method. This study shows how pitfall trapping is influenced by habitat structure, rendering this sampling method incomplete for complex, tropical environments. However, pitfall traps remain a valuable component of inventories because they sample distinct assemblage of spiders. © 2020 by the authors. |
|
| |
Address |
International Center for Tropical Botany, Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, 11200 S.W. 8th Street, Miami, FL 33199, United States |
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
Mdpi Ag |
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
14242818 (Issn) |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
Export Date: 16 March 2020; Correspondence Address: Privet, K.; CNRS, Ecobio (Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution), Université de RennesFrance; email: kprivet@hotmail.fr |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
923 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Honorio Coronado, E.N.; Dexter, K.G.; Pennington, R.T.; Chave, J.; Lewis, S.L.; Alexiades, M.N.; Alvarez, E.; Alves de Oliveira, A.; Amaral, I.L.; Araujo-Murakami, A.; Arets, E.J.M.M.; Aymard, G.A.; Baraloto, C.; Bonal, D.; Brienen, R.; Cerón, C.; Cornejo Valverde, F.; Di Fiore, A.; Farfan-Rios, W.; Feldpausch, T.R.; Higuchi, N.; Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, I.; Laurance, S.G.; Laurance, W.F.; López-Gonzalez, G.; Marimon, B.S.; Marimon-Junior, B.H.; Monteagudo Mendoza, A.; Neill, D.; Palacios Cuenca, W.; Peñuela Mora, M.C.; Pitman, N.C.A.; Prieto, A.; Quesada, C.A.; Ramirez Angulo, H.; Rudas, A.; Ruschel, A.R.; Salinas Revilla, N.; Salomão, R.P.; Segalin de Andrade, A.; Silman, M.R.; Spironello, W.; ter Steege, H.; Terborgh, J.; Toledo, M.; Valenzuela Gamarra, L.; Vieira, I.C.G.; Vilanova Torre, E.; Vos, V.; Phillips, O.L. |
|
| |
Title |
Phylogenetic diversity of Amazonian tree communities |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Diversity and Distributions |
Abbreviated Journal |
Diversity and Distributions |
|
| |
Volume |
21 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
1295-1307 |
|
| |
Keywords |
Amazon basin; Eudicots; Magnoliids; Monocots; Phylogenetic diversity; Species richness |
|
| |
Abstract |
Aim: To examine variation in the phylogenetic diversity (PD) of tree communities across geographical and environmental gradients in Amazonia. Location: Two hundred and eighty-three c. 1 ha forest inventory plots from across Amazonia. Methods: We evaluated PD as the total phylogenetic branch length across species in each plot (PDss), the mean pairwise phylogenetic distance between species (MPD), the mean nearest taxon distance (MNTD) and their equivalents standardized for species richness (ses.PDss, ses.MPD, ses.MNTD). We compared PD of tree communities growing (1) on substrates of varying geological age; and (2) in environments with varying ecophysiological barriers to growth and survival. Results: PDss is strongly positively correlated with species richness (SR), whereas MNTD has a negative correlation. Communities on geologically young- and intermediate-aged substrates (western and central Amazonia respectively) have the highest SR, and therefore the highest PDss and the lowest MNTD. We find that the youngest and oldest substrates (the latter on the Brazilian and Guiana Shields) have the highest ses.PDss and ses.MNTD. MPD and ses.MPD are strongly correlated with how evenly taxa are distributed among the three principal angiosperm clades and are both highest in western Amazonia. Meanwhile, seasonally dry tropical forest (SDTF) and forests on white sands have low PD, as evaluated by any metric. Main conclusions: High ses.PDss and ses.MNTD reflect greater lineage diversity in communities. We suggest that high ses.PDss and ses.MNTD in western Amazonia results from its favourable, easy-to-colonize environment, whereas high values in the Brazilian and Guianan Shields may be due to accumulation of lineages over a longer period of time. White-sand forests and SDTF are dominated by close relatives from fewer lineages, perhaps reflecting ecophysiological barriers that are difficult to surmount evolutionarily. Because MPD and ses.MPD do not reflect lineage diversity per se, we suggest that PDss, ses.PDss and ses.MNTD may be the most useful diversity metrics for setting large-scale conservation priorities. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. |
|
| |
Address |
Universidad Autónoma del Beni, Av. Ejército Nacional, Riberalta, Riberalta, Bolivia |
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
Export Date: 22 October 2015 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
634 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Denis, T.; Hérault, B.; Brunaux, O.; Guitet, S.; Richard-Hansen, C. |
|
| |
Title |
Weak environmental controls on the composition and diversity of medium and large-sized vertebrate assemblages in neotropical rain forests of the Guiana Shield |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Diversity and Distributions |
Abbreviated Journal |
Diversity Distrib. |
|
| |
Volume |
24 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
1545-1559 |
|
| |
Keywords |
biodiversity; birds; functional traits; mammals; refugia hypothesis; spatial patterns; Aves; Mammalia; Vertebrata |
|
| |
Abstract |
Aim: Despite their often high-trophic position and their contribution to many ecosystem functions, little is known about the factors affecting assemblage structure of medium- and large-sized neotropical vertebrates. We examined the relative roles played by the physical and biological environment, and by purely spatial processes, in shaping the composition and diversities of these vertebrate assemblages. Then, based on the theory that the Guianan forest cover shrank to isolated pockets during the late Pleistocene–Holocene, we tested if the past forest refugia may have shaped current vertebrate assemblages. Location: French Guiana, Guiana Shield, South America. Methods: Abundances of 19 medium- and large-sized vertebrates were estimated at 21 locations in undisturbed Guianan rain forests. Using taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic metrics, we partitioned the effects of a range of physical and biological environmental conditions and purely spatial predictors in shaping both assemblage composition and (alpha and beta) diversities. Results: We identified a significant, but weak relationship between taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic assemblage composition and environmental conditions. Assemblage diversity patterns were mainly explained by spatial predictors irrespective of the metrics. Current assemblage diversities are correlated with Pleistocene–Holocene forest history, with the highest alpha diversities outside of putative forest refugia, and the highest beta diversities inside these areas. Main conclusions: Current vertebrate assemblage composition is not strongly marked by common environmental factors. Our main conclusion is that assemblage composition results from individual species responses to the environment. Our findings also suggest that dispersal-related processes or more probably historical processes shape (alpha and beta) diversity patterns. In fact, forest fragmentation during Pleistocene–Holocene climate changes could have led to isolated vertebrate assemblages evolving into unique species assemblages creating the current high beta diversity inside refugia, whereas the lower habitat stability outside of refugia could have led to mixed assemblages in areas recolonized by forest vertebrates (current high alpha diversity outside of refugia). |
|
| |
Address |
IRD, UMR AMAP (Cirad, CNRS, INRA, Université de Montpellier), Montpellier, France |
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
Blackwell Publishing Ltd |
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
13669516 (Issn) |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
833 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Doughty, C.E.; Wolf, A.; Baraloto, C.; Malhi, Y. |
|
| |
Title |
Interdependency of plants and animals in controlling the sodium balance of ecosystems and the impacts of global defaunation |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Ecography |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ecography |
|
| |
Volume |
39 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
204-212 |
|
| |
Keywords |
|
|
| |
Abstract |
Sodium, an element which is needed by animals but often toxic in high concentrations to plants, may be deficient and limit animal abundance in inland continental regions, but may be overabundant and limit plant productivity in coastal regions. Here we present data from 50 independent plots (including leaf data from more than 2480 individual trees) showing that leaves in the Amazon basin uptake high amounts of sodium (Na) in a manner more similar to the essential cation potassium (K) than to the toxic cation aluminium (Al). Leaf Na increases linearly with soil Na concentrations, and there is no apparent mechanism for selective exclusion of Na in comparison to K, a key attribute of halophytes. This indicates that the Amazon basin is broadly non-halophytic and increased sodium concentrations in non-halophyte plants often decrease plant productivity. Total Na concentrations are ∼ 10 times higher in coastal regions than inland regions. Such concentration gradients in nutrients may have been reduced in the past because large animals that were abundant in the Pleistocene have been hypothesized to play a large role in reducing nutrient concentration gradients at continental scales. We use a diffusion model and a Na loss rate based on empirical data to estimate that large animals may have moved significant quantities of Na inland away from coastal regions in the Amazon Basin. Therefore, our simple model suggests that large animals may play an important, yet diminishing, role in maintaining the sodium balance of the planet. © 2016 Nordic Society Oikos. |
|
| |
Address |
INRA UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane, French Guiana, and International Center for Tropical Botany, Dept of Biological Sciences, Florida International Univ., Miami, United States |
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
Cited By :2; Export Date: 12 February 2016 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
657 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Denis, T.; Richard-Hansen, C.; Brunaux, O.; Etienne, M.-P.; Guitet, S.; Herault, B. |
|
| |
Title |
Biological traits, rather than environment, shape detection curves of large vertebrates in neotropical rainforests |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Ecological Applications |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ecol Appl |
|
| |
Volume |
27 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
1564-1577 |
|
| |
Keywords |
abundance; camouflage; distance sampling; encounter rate; French Guiana; hunting vulnerability; line transect; Neotropical terra firme rainforests; relative abundance |
|
| |
Abstract |
Line transect surveys are widely used in Neotropical rainforests to estimate the population abundance of medium- and large-sized vertebrates. The use of indices such as encounter rate has been criticized because the probability of animal detection may fluctuate due to the heterogeneity of environmental conditions among sites. In addition, the morphological and behavioral characteristics (biological traits) of species affect their detectability. In this study, we compared the extent to which environmental conditions and species’ biological traits bias abundance estimates in terra firme rainforests in French Guiana. The selected environmental conditions included both physical conditions and forest structure covariates, while the selected biological traits included the morphological and behavioral characteristics of species. We used the distance sampling method to model the detection probability as an explicit function of environmental conditions and biological traits and implemented a model selection process to determine the relative importance of each group of covariates. Biological traits contributed to the variability of animal detectability more than environmental conditions, which had only a marginal effect. Detectability was best for large animals with uniform or disruptive markings that live in groups in the canopy top. Detectability was worst for small, solitary, terrestrial animals with mottled markings. In the terra firme rainforests that represent ~80% of the Amazonia and Guianas regions, our findings support the use of relative indices such as the encounter rate to compare population abundance between sites in species-specific studies. Even though terra firme rainforests may appear similar between regions of Amazonia and the Guianas, comparability must be ensured, especially in forests disturbed by human activity. The detection probability can be used as an indicator of species’ vulnerability to hunting and, thus, to the risk of local extinction. Only a few biological trait covariates are required to correctly estimate the detectability of the majority of medium- and large-sized vertebrates. Thus, a biological trait model could be useful in predicting the detection probabilities of rare, uncommon, or localized species for which few data are available to fit the detection function. |
|
| |
Address |
|
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
1939-5582 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
764 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Dejean, A.; Compin, A.; Delabie, J.H.C.; Azémar, F.; Corbara, B.; Leponce, M. |
|
| |
Title |
Biotic and abiotic determinants of the formation of ant mosaics in primary Neotropical rainforests |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Ecological Entomology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ecol Entomol |
|
| |
Volume |
44 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
560-570 |
|
| |
Keywords |
Ant mosaics; connections on the ground; host tree attractiveness; indicators of disturbance; primary Neotropical rainforest; territoriality |
|
| |
Abstract |
1. Ants are widespread in tropical rainforests, including in the canopy where territorially dominant arboreal species represent the main part of the arthropod biomass.
2. By mapping the territories of dominant arboreal ant species and using a null model analysis and a pairwise approach this study was able to show the presence of an ant mosaic on the upper canopy of a primary Neotropical rainforest (c. 1ha sampled; 157 tall trees from 28 families). Although Neotropical rainforest canopies are frequently irregular, with tree crowns at different heights breaking the continuity of the territories of dominant ants, the latter are preserved via underground galleries or trails laid on the ground.
3. The distribution of the trees influences the structure of the ant mosaic, something related to the attractiveness of tree taxa for certain arboreal ant species rather than others.
4. Small-scale natural disturbances, most likely strong winds in the area studied (presence of canopy gaps), play a role by favouring the presence of two ant species typical of secondary formations: Camponotus femoratus and Crematogaster levior, which live in parabiosis (i.e. share territories and nests but lodge in different cavities) and build conspicuous ant gardens. In addition, pioneer Cecropia myrmecophytic trees were recorded. |
|
| |
Address |
|
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
John Wiley & Sons, Ltd (10.1111) |
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
0307-6946 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
doi: 10.1111/een.12735 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
882 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Courtois, E.A.; Dexter, K.G.; Paine, C.E.T.; Stien, D.; Engel, J.; Baraloto, C.; Chave, J. |
|
| |
Title |
Evolutionary patterns of volatile terpene emissions across 202 tropical tree species |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Ecology and Evolution |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ecol Evol |
|
| |
Volume |
6 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
2854-2864 |
|
| |
Keywords |
Chemical defense; French Guiana; herbivory; secondary metabolites; tropical forest |
|
| |
Abstract |
Plant responses to natural enemies include formation of secondary metabolites acting as direct or indirect defenses. Volatile terpenes represent one of the most diverse groups of secondary metabolites. We aimed to explore evolutionary patterns of volatile terpene emission. We measured the composition of damage-induced volatile terpenes from 202 Amazonian tree species, spanning the angiosperm phylogeny. Volatile terpenes were extracted with solid-phase micro extraction and desorbed in a gas chromatography–mass spectrometry for compound identification. The chemical diversity of the terpene blend showed a strong phylogenetic signal as closely related species emitted a similar number of compounds. Closely related species also tended to have compositionally similar blends, although this relationship was weak. Meanwhile, the ability to emit a given compound showed no significant phylogenetic signal for 200 of 286 compounds, indicating a high rate of diversification in terpene synthesis and/or great variability in their expression. Three lineages (Magnoliales, Laurales, and Sapindales) showed exceptionally high rates of terpene diversification. Of the 70 compounds found in >10% of their species, 69 displayed significant correlated evolution with at least one other compound. These results provide insights into the complex evolutionary history of volatile terpenes in angiosperms, while highlighting the need for further research into this important class of compounds. |
|
| |
Address |
|
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
2045-7758 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
713 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
