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Marti, G.; Eparvier, V.; Litaudon, M.; Grellier, P.; Gueritte, F. |
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Title |
A New Xanthone from the Bark Extract of Rheedia acuminata and Antiplasmodial Activity of Its Major Compounds |
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Journal Article |
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Year  |
2010 |
Publication |
Molecules |
Abbreviated Journal |
Molecules |
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Volume |
15 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
7106-7114 |
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Keywords |
Rheedia acuminata, Clusiaceae; xanthones; antiplasmodial activity; cytotoxicity |
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Abstract |
Bioassay-guided fractionation of the ethyl acetate bark extract of Rheedia acuminata led to the isolation of the new compound 1,5,6-trihydroxy-3-methoxy-7-geranyl-xanthone (1), together with four known compounds 2-5. These compounds were tested in vitro for their antiplasmodial activity on a chloroquine-resistant strain of Plasmodium falciparum (FcB1) and for their cytotoxicity against the human diploid embryonic lung cell line MRC-5. |
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[Eparvier, Veronique] CNRS, UPS2561, F-97300 Cayenne, France, Email: guillaume.marti@icsn.cnrs-gif.fr |
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MDPI AG |
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1420-3049 |
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ISI:000283587400030 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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282 |
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Author |
Millet, J.; Pascal, J.P.; Kiet, L.C. |
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Title |
Effects of Disturbance Over 60 Years on a Lowland Forest in Southern Vietnam |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Journal of Tropical Forest Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Trop. For. Sci. |
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Volume |
22 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
237-246 |
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Keywords |
Lowland tropical forest; disturbance impact; floristic composition; forest structure; Tan Phu forest |
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Abstract |
MILLET J, PASCAL JP & MET LC. 2010. Effects of disturbance over 60 years on a lowland forest in southern Vietnam. Tropical lowland forests are some of the most threatened in the world and this is particularly the case in Vietnam. This study aimed to identify changes in species composition and forest structure in the Tan Phu lowland forest resulting from disturbance over a 60 year period. Analysis of forest composition and structure rely on data from 25 plots of 0.5-ha size established in a lowland secondary forest. The five forest stands described differed greatly from the three forest stand types described in 1943. Some long-lived shade-tolerant species had been replaced by pioneer species, such as Cratoxylon formosum and Shorea roxburghii. In addition to altering composition, forest disturbances had resulted in large changes in forest structure. While in the past, forest stands had a large number of exploitable trees, current forest stands have few trees in the diameter class > 50 cm and sometimes no trees in the diameter class > 80 cm. This paper provides notable results on forest tree ecology, forest dynamics and on the state of secondary forests in Vietnam. This is particularly important as future goods and services will increasingly have to come from such forests. |
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[Millet, J.] Univ Lyon 1, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France, Email: jerome.millet@ird.if |
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FOREST RESEARCH INST MALAYSIA |
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0128-1283 |
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ISI:000280653200003 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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283 |
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Marti, G.; Eparvier, V.; Moretti, C.; Prado, S.; Grellier, P.; Hue, N.; Thoison, O.; Delpech, B.; Gueritte, F.; Litaudon, M. |
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Title |
Antiplasmodial benzophenone derivatives from the root barks of Symphonia globulifera (Clusiaceae) |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Phytochemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phytochemistry |
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Volume |
71 |
Issue |
8-9 |
Pages |
964-974 |
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Keywords |
Symphonia globulifera; Clusiaceae; Benzophenone; Symphonone; Antiplasmodial; LC/ESI-MS |
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In an effort to find antimalarial drugs, a systematic in vitro evaluation on a chloroquine-resistant strain of Plasmodium falciparum (FcB1) was undertaken on sixty plant extracts collected in French Guiana. The ethyl acetate extract obtained from the root barks of Symphonia globulifera exhibited a strong antiplasmodial activity (97% at 10 μg/ml). The phytochemical investigation of this extract led to the isolation of nine polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinol (PPAPs) compounds and two oxidized derivatives. All compounds showed antiplasmodial activity with IC(50)s ranged from 2.1 to 10.1 μM. A LC/ESI-MSn study performed on polyprenylated benzophenones previously isolated from Moronobea coccinea provided a reliable method for their detection in the extract and structural elucidation. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
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[Marti, Guillaume; Hue, Nathalie; Thoison, Odile; Delpech, Bernard; Gueritte, Francoise; Litaudon, Marc] CNRS, Inst Chim Subst Nat, Ctr Rech Gif, F-91198 Gif Sur Yvette, France, Email: marc.litaudon@icsn.cnrs-gif.fr |
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PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD |
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0031-9422 |
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ISI:000279077400016 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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284 |
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Sobotnik, J.; Sillam-Dusses, D.; Weyda, F.; Dejean, A.; Roisin, Y.; Hanus, R.; Bourguignon, T. |
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Title |
The frontal gland in workers of Neotropical soldierless termites |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Naturwissenschaften |
Abbreviated Journal |
Naturwissenschaften |
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Volume |
97 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
495-503 |
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Keywords |
Frontal gland; Workers; Soldierless termites; Apicotermitinae; Anoplotermes; Aparatermes |
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The presence of the frontal gland is well established in termite soldiers of Rhinotermitidae, Serritermitidae, and Termitidae. It is one of their main defensive adaptations or even an exclusive weapon. The gland was also occasionally reported in alate imagoes, but never in the worker caste. Here, we report the first observation of a frontal gland in workers of several Neotropical and one African species of Apicotermitinae. The ultrastructure of Aparatermes cingulatus and Anoplotermes nr. subterraneus is described in detail. In these two species, the gland is well-developed, functional and consists of class 1 secretory cells. The presence of envelope cells, wrapping the gland, is an unusual feature, as well as the presence of several zonulae adherens, connecting neighbouring glandular cells. The frontal gland of workers is homologous to this organ in soldiers and imagoes, as evidenced by the same position in the head and its connection to the same muscle. However, the defensive role of the frontal gland in workers remains to be confirmed. |
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[Sobotnik, Jan; Sillam-Dusses, David; Hanus, Robert] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Organ Chem & Biochem, Res Team Infochem, CR-16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic, Email: robert@uochb.cas.cz |
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SPRINGER |
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0028-1042 |
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ISI:000277318800007 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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285 |
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Petillon, J.; Lambeets, K.; Montaigne, W.; Maelfait, J.P.; Bonte, D. |
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Title |
Habitat structure modified by an invasive grass enhances inundation withstanding in a salt-marsh wolf spider |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Biological Invasions |
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12 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
3219-3226 |
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1387-3547 |
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WOS:000280892600033 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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287 |
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Author |
Vincent, G.; Weissenbacher, E.; Sabatier, D.; Blanc, L.; Proisy, C.; Couteron, P. |
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Title |
Detection des variations de structure de peuplements en foret dense tropicale humide par lidar aeroporte |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Revue Francaise de Photogrammetrie et de Teledetection |
Abbreviated Journal |
Rev. Fr. Photogramm. Teledetect. |
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Volume |
191 |
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Pages |
42-51 |
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Keywords |
Above-ground biomass estimation; Canopy height model; Stem diameter distribution; Tropical moist forest; Above ground biomass; Above ground level; Airborne LiDAR; Basal area; Canopy Height Models; Carbon stocks; Characterisation; Classical fields; Coefficient of variation; Diameter distributions; Digital terrain model; Flooded areas; Forest ecology; Forest structure; Forest type; High spatial resolution; Individual tree; LIDAR data; Light detection and ranging; Local statistics; Long term; Management issues; Natural forests; Natural variation; Pearson correlation coefficients; Quadratic mean diameter; Soil characteristics; Soil cover; Spatial changes; Spatial resolution; Stem density; Stem diameter; Stem height; Strong correlation; Tree height; Tropical moist forest; Tropical rain forest; Vegetation structure; Vertical accuracy; Water regime; Discriminant analysis; Ecology; Optical radar; Remote sensing; Soils; Statistics; Stem cells; Temperature control; Tropics; Vegetation; Forestry; Biomass; Discriminant Analysis; Ecology; Forest Canopy; Forestry; Radar; Remote Sensing; Stems; Temperature Control; Tropical Atmospheres |
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Characterisation of forest structure is a major stake for forestry, species conservation, carbon stock estimates and many forest ecology and management issues. At large scale natural forest structure tends to vary according to climate and geomorphomology (Paget, 1999; Steege et al., 2006) while soil characteristics (and notably water regime) and syMgenetic stage add some finer scale variation (Oldeman, 1989; Sabatier et al., 1997). Forest structure characterisation traditionally relies on field-based collection of individual tree dimensions such as stem diameter and stem height sampled across tracks of forest (Hall et al., 1998). However, such field intensive methods are costly, and of low accuracy regarding measures of tree heights. Airborne light detection and ranging (LiDAR) technology provides horizontal and vertical Information at high spatial resolutions and vertical accuracies (Lim et al., 2003; Hyyppä et al., 2004). It has the potential for gathering vegetation structure data over large areas rapidly at moderate cost and hence is of particular relevance for poorly sampled, difficult to access and largely unexplored tropical rainforests. In this study we examined the ability of airborne LiDAR to detect spatial changes in the structure of dense tropical rain forest and we probed this remote sensing approach against local statistics derived from stem diameters (i.e. classical field data information) mapped across a large track of forest at a long term experimental site in French Guyana. The large variability in forest structure occurring at the experimental site is du to natural variation of the soil cover (and notably drainage properties) combined with various logging intensities applied 15 years before the LiDAR data were acquired. On this basis ten different forest types were identified at the site (figure 1 and 3). Various stem based statistics were computed for a series of meshes with cells ranging from 30 by 30 m plots to 250 by 250 m plots. These statistics included basal area, stem density, quadratic mean diameter, and diameter distribution percentiles. Similarly local statistics were extracted either from the Canopy Height Model (e.g. median height, mean height, standard height deviation, height coefficient of variation, height percentiles, frequency of hits below 5 m above ground level). Additionally a wetness index (Böhner et al., 2002) was computed at each node of a 5 by 5 m grid from the Digital Terrain Model also extracted from the LiDAR data set. We used both types of cell statistics to discriminate the various forest types. Comparison between the two approaches for a range of spatial resolution is available from in table 1. Results indicate that LiDAR based statistics are essentially as powerful as field based statistics to discriminate forest types at coarse scale. This reflects the very strong correlation between the CHM and the field based stem diameter data. For example (figure 5) the Pearson correlation coefficient between median height and quadratic mean diameter for cells of 125 by 125 m is 0.945 (n=0.72). When a finer resolution is required however as for the detection of seasonally flooded bottomland forest along thalwegs, then LiDAR technology proves more efficient than field based inventories as it combines information from the DTM and the CHM. The wetness index alone correctly retrieves about 2 thirds of the seasonally flooded areas. All in all, discriminant analysis performance of the LiDAR derived information approaches 80% when classifying forests cover at the finest scale of 5 by 5m into 10 different types and reaches 87% when a coarser classification Into 6 forest types is considered (figure 4). |
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IRD, UMR AMAP, Montpellier, France |
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17689791 (Issn) |
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Cited By (since 1996): 1; Export Date: 21 October 2011; Source: Scopus; Language of Original Document: French; Correspondence Address: Vincent, G.; IRD, UMR AMAP, Kourou – BP 701 (CIRAD) 97387 Kourou cedex -Guyane, France |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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351 |
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Dulormne, M.; Musseau, O.; Muller, F.; Toribio, A.; Bâ, A. |
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Title |
Effects of NaCl on growth, water status, N2 fixation, and ion distribution in Pterocarpus officinalis seedlings |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Plant and Soil |
Abbreviated Journal |
Plant and Soil |
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Volume |
327 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
23-34 |
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Bradyrhizobium; Leaf water potential; Nodulation; Salt; Swamp forest |
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Pterocarpus officinalis (Fabaceae) dominates in the swamp forests of the Lesser Antilles, submitted to strong variations of soil salinity (30-445 mM). This study aimed to assess the effect of salinity on growth, nodulation, N2 fixation, water status and ions content in P. officinalis and to clarify the mechanisms involved. Seedlings inoculated or not with two strains from areas of contrasting salinity levels (< to 50 or 445 mM) were watered with 0, 171 and 342 mM solutions of NaCl in greenhouse conditions. Non-inoculated seedlings were tolerant to a salinity of 171 mM, with no significant effect on seedling biomass. Evapotranspiration per unit of leaf area (E/TLa) remained unchanged at 171 mM. Maintenance of a constant E/TLa and especially the control of ion transport to the upper parts of the plant could explain seedling salt tolerance up to intermediate salinity conditions (171 mM). The two strains have a 99.8% genetic identity in spite of differences in their original habitats, this explaining the similar response of the symbiosis to salinity. The higher salt sensitivity of inoculated seedlings was linked to the sensitivity of both Bradyrhizobium strains (reduction of free-living cells) and to that of the nodulation process (fewer nodules and inhibition of N2-fixation) to intermediate salinity. © Springer Science + Business Media B.V. 2009. |
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LSTM-UMR 113, Université des Antilles et de la Guyane, UFR des Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, B.P. 592, 97159 Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe (F.W.I.), France |
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Cited By :12; Export Date: 7 February 2017 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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727 |
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Courtois, E.A.; Paine, C.E.T.; Blandinieres, P.A.; Stien, D.; Bessiere, J.M.; Houel, E.; Baraloto, C.; Chave, J. |
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Title |
Diversity of the Volatile Organic Compounds Emitted by 55 Species of Tropical Trees: a Survey in French Guiana |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Journal of Chemical Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Chem. Ecol. |
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Volume |
35 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
1349-1362 |
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VOCs; Chemical diversity; Sesquiterpenes; Tropical; French Guiana |
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Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are produced by a broad range of organisms, from bacteria to mammals, and they represent a vast chemical diversity. In plants, one of the preeminent roles of VOCs is their repellent or cytotoxic activity, which helps the plant deter its predators. Most studies on VOCs emitted by vegetative parts have been conducted in model plant species, and little is known about patterns of VOC emissions in diverse plant communities. We conducted a survey of the VOCs released immediately after mechanical damage of the bark and the leaves of 195 individual trees belonging to 55 tropical tree species in a lowland rainforest of French Guiana. We discovered a remarkably high chemical diversity, with 264 distinct VOCs and a mean of 37 compounds per species. Two monoterpenes (alpha-pinene and limonene) and two sesquiterpenes (beta-caryophyllene and alpha-copaene), which are known to have cytotoxic and deterrent effects, were the most frequent compounds in the sampled species. As has been established for floral scents, the blend of VOCs is largely species-specific and could be used to discriminate among 43 of the 55 sampled species. The species with the most diverse blends were found in the Sapindales, Laurales, and Magnoliales, indicating that VOC diversity is not uniformly distributed among tropical species. Interspecific variation in chemical diversity was caused mostly by variation in sesquiterpenes. This study emphasizes three aspects of VOC emission by tropical tree species: the species-specificity of the mixtures, the importance of sesquiterpenes, and the wide-ranging complexity of the mixtures. |
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[Courtois, Elodie A.; Blandinieres, Pierre-Alain; Stien, Didier; Houel, Emeline] CNRS, UMR Ecofog, F-97337 Cayenne, France, Email: courtois@cict.fr |
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SPRINGER |
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0098-0331 |
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ISI:000273086100009 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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73 |
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Guitet, S.; Blanc, L.; Trombe, P.J.; Lehallier, B. |
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Title |
Silvicultural Treatments in the Tropical Forests of Guiana: A Review of Ten Years of Trials |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Bois et Forets des Tropiques |
Abbreviated Journal |
Bois For. Trop. |
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63 |
Issue |
301 |
Pages |
7-19 |
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cutting cycle; thinning; stand dynamics; logging; French Guiana |
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This article reviews an experimental system set up in French Guiana to test different selective thinning methods that started ten to fifteen years after logging in order to reconstitute commercially viable stands within the shortest time. The thinning methods tested involve a combination of selective intervention within a radius of 10 metres around crop trees and systematic intervention applied uniformly to the entire forest parcel. The resulting thinning intensity produces an 8% to 45% reduction in basal area. While the growth of the residual stand is strongly boosted in all species and for all diameters, there is little change in basal area because of high mortality and lower recruitment of commercial species. Standing commercial capital, however, is strongly affected by the thinning operations as defined. In effect, these thinning methods that benefit crop stems do not meet the objective of shorter rotations in Guiana's tropical logging forests. On the other hand, the measurements made in under-treatment stands agree with those obtained at the Paracou experimental station and confirm the need to adopt long cutting cycles of more than fifty years to ensure that the extraction of valuable species is sustainable in the current logging context in French Guiana. |
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[Guitet, Stephane; Trombe, Pierre-Julien; Lehallier, Benoit] Direct Reg Guyane, Off Natl Forets, F-97307 Cayenne, France |
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CIRAD-CENTRE COOPERATION INT RECHERCHE AGRONOMIQUE POUR |
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0006-579X |
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ISI:000272488700002 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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91 |
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Fyllas, N.M.; Patino, S.; Baker, T.R.; Nardoto, G.B.; Martinelli, L.A.; Quesada, C.A.; Paiva, R.; Schwarz, M.; Horna, V.; Mercado, L.M.; Santos, A.; Arroyo, L.; Jimenez, E.M.; Luizao, F.J.; Neill, D.A.; Silva, N.; Prieto, A.; Rudas, A.; Silviera, M.; Vieira, I.C.G.; Lopez-Gonzalez, G.; Malhi, Y.; Phillips, O.L.; Lloyd, J. |
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Basin-wide variations in foliar properties of Amazonian forest: phylogeny, soils and climate |
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Journal Article |
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2009 |
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Biogeosciences |
Abbreviated Journal |
Biogeosciences |
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6 |
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11 |
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2677-2708 |
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Abstract |
We analysed 1040 individual trees, located in 62 plots across the Amazon Basin for leaf mass per unit area (M-A), foliar carbon isotopic composition (delta C-13) and leaf level concentrations of C, N, P, Ca, Mg, K and Al. All trees were identified to the species level with the dataset containing 58 families, 236 genera and 508 species, distributed across a wide range of soil types and precipitation regimes. Some foliar characteristics such as M-A, [C], [N] and [Mg] emerge as highly constrained by the taxonomic affiliation of tree species, but with others such as [P], [K], [Ca] and delta C-13 also strongly influenced by site growing conditions. By removing the environmental contribution to trait variation, we find that intrinsic values of most trait pairs coordinate, although different species ( characterised by different trait suites) are found at discrete locations along a common axis of coordination. Species that tend to occupy higher fertility soils are characterised by a lower M-A and have a higher intrinsic [N], [P], [K], [Mg] and delta C-13 than their lower fertility counterparts. Despite this consistency, different scaling patterns were observed between low and high fertility sites. Inter-relationships are thus substantially modified by growth environment. Analysing the environmental component of trait variation, we found soil fertility to be the most important predictor, influencing all leaf nutrient concentrations and delta C-13 and reducing M-A. Mean annual temperature was negatively associated with leaf level [N], [P] and [K] concentrations. Total annual precipitation positively influences M-A, [C] and delta C-13, but with a negative impact on [Mg]. These results provide a first basis for understanding the relationship between the physiological functioning and distribution of tree species across Amazonia. |
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Address |
[Fyllas, N. M.; Baker, T. R.; Quesada, C. A.; Lopez-Gonzalez, G.; Phillips, O. L.; Lloyd, J.] Univ Leeds, Sch Geog, Earth & Biosphere Inst, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England, Email: n.fyllas@leeds.ac.uk |
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COPERNICUS PUBLICATIONS |
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1726-4170 |
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ISI:000272232200025 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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92 |
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