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Leroy, C.; Petitclerc, F.; Orivel, J.; Corbara, B.; Carrias, J.-F.; Dejean, A.; Céréghino, R. |
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The influence of light, substrate and seed origin on the germination and establishment of an ant-garden bromeliad |
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Journal Article |
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2017 |
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Plant Biology |
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Plant Biol J |
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19 |
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1 |
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70-78 |
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Aechmea mertensii; bromeliad; French Guiana; germination; plant performance; survival |
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Plant germination and development depend upon a seed's successful dispersal into a suitable habitat and its ability to grow and survive within the surrounding biotic and abiotic environment. The seeds of Aechmea mertensii, a tank-bromeliad species, are dispersed by either Camponotus femoratus or Neoponera goeldii, two ant species that initiate ant gardens (AGs). These two mutualistic ant species influence the vegetative and reproductive traits of the bromeliad through their divergent ecological preferences (i.e. light and substrate). We hypothesised that the seeds dispersed by these two ant species have underlying genetic differences affecting germination, growth and survival of A. mertensii seedlings in different ways. To test this, we used an experimental approach consisting of sowing seeds of A. mertensii: (i) taken from the two AG–ant associations (i.e. seed origin), (ii) in two contrasting light conditions, and (iii) on three different substrates. Light and substrate had significant effects on germination, survival and on eight key leaf traits reflecting plant performance. Seed origin had a significant effect only on germination and on two leaf traits (total dry mass and relative growth rate). Overall, this bromeliad performs better (i.e. high growth and survival rates) when growing both in the shade and in the carton nest developed by C. femoratus ants. These results suggest that the plasticity of the tank bromeliad A. mertensii is mainly due to environment but also to genetic differences related to seed origin, as some traits are heritable. Thus, these two ant species may play contrasting roles in shaping plant evolution and speciation. |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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712 |
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Dejean, A.; Azémar, F.; Libert, M.; Compin, A.; Herault, B.; Orivel, J.; Bouyer, T.; Corbara, B. |
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Ant-lepidopteran associations along African forest edges |
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2017 |
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The Science of Nature |
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104 |
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7 |
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Working along forest edges, we aimed to determine how some caterpillars can co-exist with territorially dominant arboreal ants (TDAAs) in tropical Africa. We recorded caterpillars from 22 lepidopteran species living in the presence of five TDAA species. Among the defoliator and/or nectarivorous caterpillars that live on tree foliage, the Pyralidae and Nymphalidae use their silk to protect themselves from ant attacks. The Notodontidae and lycaenid Polyommatinae and Theclinae live in direct contact with ants; the Theclinae even reward ants with abundant secretions from their Newcomer gland. Lichen feeders (lycaenid; Poritiinae), protected by long bristles, also live among ants. Some lycaenid Miletinae caterpillars feed on ant-attended membracids, including in the shelters where the ants attend them; Lachnocnema caterpillars use their forelegs to obtain trophallaxis from their host ants. Caterpillars from other species live inside weaver ant nests. Those of the genus Euliphyra (Miletinae) feed on ant prey and brood and can obtain trophallaxis, while those from an Eberidae species only prey on host ant eggs. Eublemma albifascia (Erebidae) caterpillars use their thoracic legs to obtain trophallaxis and trophic eggs from ants. Through transfer bioassays of last instars, we noted that herbivorous caterpillars living in contact with ants were always accepted by alien conspecific ants; this is likely due to an intrinsic appeasing odor. Yet, caterpillars living in ant shelters or ant nests probably acquire cues from their host colonies because they were considered aliens and killed. We conclude that co-evolution with ants occurred similarly in the Heterocera and Rhopalocera. |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Dejean2016 |
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Sullivan, M.J.P.; Talbot, J.; Lewis, S.L.; Phillips, O.L.; Qie, L.; Begne, S.K.; Chave, J.; Cuni-Sanchez, A.; Hubau, W.; Lopez-Gonzalez, G.; Miles, L.; Monteagudo-Mendoza, A.; Sonké, B.; Sunderland, T.; Ter Steege, H.; White, L.J.T.; Affum-Baffoe, K.; Aiba, S.-I.; De Almeida, E.C.; De Oliveira, E.A.; Alvarez-Loayza, P.; Dávila, E.Á.; Andrade, A.; Aragão, L.E.O.C.; Ashton, P.; Aymard, G.A.; Baker, T.R.; Balinga, M.; Banin, L.F.; Baraloto, C.; Bastin, J.-F.; Berry, N.; Bogaert, J.; Bonal, D.; Bongers, F.; Brienen, R.; Camargo, J.L.C.; Cerón, C.; Moscoso, V.C.; Chezeaux, E.; Clark, C.J.; Pacheco, Á.C.; Comiskey, J.A.; Valverde, F.C.; Coronado, E.N.H.; Dargie, G.; Davies, S.J.; De Canniere, C.; Djuikouo, M.N.; Doucet, J.-L.; Erwin, T.L.; Espejo, J.S.; Ewango, C.E.N.; Fauset, S.; Feldpausch, T.R.; Herrera, R.; Gilpin, M.; Gloor, E.; Hall, J.S.; Harris, D.J.; Hart, T.B.; Kartawinata, K.; Kho, L.K.; Kitayama, K.; Laurance, S.G.W.; Laurance, W.F.; Leal, M.E.; Lovejoy, T.; Lovett, J.C.; Lukasu, F.M.; Makana, J.-R.; Malhi, Y.; Maracahipes, L.; Marimon, B.S.; Junior, B.H.M.; Marshall, A.R.; Morandi, P.S.; Mukendi, J.T.; Mukinzi, J.; Nilus, R.; Vargas, P.N.; Camacho, N.C.P.; Pardo, G.; Peña-Claros, M.; Petronelli, P.; Pickavance, G.C.; Poulsen, A.D.; Poulsen, J.R.; Primack, R.B.; Priyadi, H.; Quesada, C.A.; Reitsma, J.; Réjou-Méchain, M.; Restrepo, Z.; Rutishauser, E.; Salim, K.A.; Salomão, R.P.; Samsoedin, I.; Sheil, D.; Sierra, R.; Silveira, M.; Slik, J.W.F.; Steel, L.; Taedoumg, H.; Tan, S.; Terborgh, J.W.; Thomas, S.C.; Toledo, M.; Umunay, P.M.; Gamarra, L.V.; Vieira, I.C.G.; Vos, V.A.; Wang, O.; Willcock, S.; Zemagho, L. |
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Diversity and carbon storage across the tropical forest biome |
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2017 |
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Scientific Reports |
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Sci. Rep. |
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7 |
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39102 |
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Tropical forests are global centres of biodiversity and carbon storage. Many tropical countries aspire to protect forest to fulfil biodiversity and climate mitigation policy targets, but the conservation strategies needed to achieve these two functions depend critically on the tropical forest tree diversity-carbon storage relationship. Assessing this relationship is challenging due to the scarcity of inventories where carbon stocks in aboveground biomass and species identifications have been simultaneously and robustly quantified. Here, we compile a unique pan-Tropical dataset of 360 plots located in structurally intact old-growth closed-canopy forest, surveyed using standardised methods, allowing a multi-scale evaluation of diversity-carbon relationships in tropical forests. Diversity-carbon relationships among all plots at 1 ha scale across the tropics are absent, and within continents are either weak (Asia) or absent (Amazonia, Africa). A weak positive relationship is detectable within 1 ha plots, indicating that diversity effects in tropical forests may be scale dependent. The absence of clear diversity-carbon relationships at scales relevant to conservation planning means that carbon-centred conservation strategies will inevitably miss many high diversity ecosystems. As tropical forests can have any combination of tree diversity and carbon stocks both require explicit consideration when optimising policies to manage tropical carbon and biodiversity. © The Author(s) 2017. |
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School of Environment, Natural Resources and Geography, Bangor University, Bangor, United Kingdom |
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Export Date: 3 February 2017 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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725 |
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Goulamoussene, Y.; Bedeau, C.; Descroix, L.; Linguet, L.; Herault, B. |
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Environmental control of natural gap size distribution in tropical forests |
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Journal Article |
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2017 |
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Biogeosciences |
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Biogeosciences |
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14 |
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2 |
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353-364 |
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Natural disturbances are the dominant form of forest regeneration and dynamics in unmanaged tropical forests. Monitoring the size distribution of treefall gaps is important to better understand and predict the carbon budget in response to land use and other global changes. In this study, we model the size frequency distribution of natural canopy gaps with a discrete power law distribution. We use a Bayesian framework to introduce and test, using Monte Carlo Markov chain and Kuo-Mallick algorithms, the effect of local physical environment on gap size distribution. We apply our methodological framework to an original light detecting and ranging dataset in which natural forest gaps were delineated over 30 000 ha of unmanaged forest. We highlight strong links between gap size distribution and environment, primarily hydrological conditions and topography, with large gaps being more frequent on floodplains and in wind-exposed areas. In the future, we plan to apply our methodological framework on a larger scale using satellite data. Additionally, although gap size distribution variation is clearly under environmental control, variation in gap size distribution in time should be tested against climate variability. © Author(s) 2017. |
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Cirad, UMR EcoFoG, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Inra, Univ Antilles, Univ Guyane, Kourou, French Guiana |
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Export Date: 7 February 2017 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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729 |
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Boulogne, I.; Constantino, R.; Amusant, N.; Falkowski, M.; Rodrigues, A.M.S.; Houel, E. |
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Ecology of termites from the genus Nasutitermes (Termitidae: Nasutitermitinae) and potential for science-based development of sustainable pest management programs |
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2017 |
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Journal of Pest Science |
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Journal of Pest Science |
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90 |
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1 |
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19-37 |
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Antimicrobial and insecticidal botanical extracts; Ipm; Nasutitermes corniger; Sustainable management; Taxonomic history; Termitidae |
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The genus Nasutitermes is among the most abundant wood-feeding Termitidae and an extremely diverse and heterogeneous group in terms of its biogeography and morphology. Despite the major role of several Nasutitermes species as structural pests, the phylogenetic status of this genus is still unclear, along with a confused taxonomy and species identification remaining difficult. The first aim of this review was thus to gather and discuss studies concerning the taxonomic status of the genus Nasutitermes in order to clarify this crucial point. Then, our goal was to gain new insights into the management of N. corniger, considered to be the most economically detrimental pest of this genus in South America and a Nasutitermes model species, while filtering available information concerning its biology through the prism of termite control, as well as critically examine the existing methods. We indeed strongly believe that increasing our knowledge of this species’ biological strategies is the key to progress in the challenging question of their sustainable management. © 2016, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. |
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Laboratoire de Biodiversité et Biotechnologies Microbiennes (LBBM), Observatoire Océanologique, Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, CNRS, Banyuls/Mer, France |
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Export Date: 17 February 2017 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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732 |
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Lehnebach, R.; Morel, H.; Bossu, J.; Le Moguédec, G.; Amusant, N.; Beauchene, J.; Nicolini, E. |
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Heartwood/sapwood profile and the tradeoff between trunk and crown increment in a natural forest: the case study of a tropical tree (Dicorynia guianensis Amsh., Fabaceae) |
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2017 |
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Trees – Structure and Function |
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Trees – Structure and Function |
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31 |
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1 |
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199-214 |
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Dicorynia guianensis; Growth allocation; Heartwood; Ontogeny; Sapwood; Tropical tree |
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Key message: Sapwood area and the radial growth rate of the trunk follow the same pattern at breast height, with an initial increase and subsequent constant value, resulting from the increasing growth allocation toward the crown rather than tree decline. Heartwood area and heartwood volume in the trunk increase more rapidly after this shift occurs. Abstract: Sapwood (SW) and heartwood (HW) are two functionally distinct classifications of wood in perennial stems for which quantities can vary greatly in tropical trees. Numerous positive correlations have been found between the radial growth rate (RGR) and SW quantity; however, variations in the SW/HW quantities have not been studied in light of the ontogenetic variation of RGR. Wood core sampling, intensive measurements of tree structure (number of branches, stem volumes), and radial growth monitoring were performed on an abundant and highly exploited tree species in French Guiana (Dicorynia guianensis) to investigate the relationship between RGR, SW/HW quantity, tree structure, and their variations on the course of a tree’s ontogeny. SW area and RGR followed the same pattern of variation throughout tree development, both increasing first and reaching a steady state after 50 cm DBH (diameter at breast height). After this value, we observed a strong increase in both the HW area and HW volume increment, concomitant with a more rapid increase in crown volume. The stabilization of RGR for trees with DBH > 50 cm was related not to a tree’s decline but rather to an increasing wood allocation to the crown, confirming that RGR at breast height is a poor indicator of whole-tree growth for bigger individuals. We also confirmed that HW formation is an ontogenetic process managing SW quantity that is continuously and increasingly produced within the crown as the tree grows. This study highlights the effect of growth-mediated ontogenetic changes on the localization of water and carbohydrate storage within a tree, resulting from SW and HW dynamics throughout tree ontogeny. © 2016, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. |
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CIRAD, UMR EcoFoG, BP701, Kourou Cedex, French Guiana |
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Export Date: 19 February 2017 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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733 |
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Schimann, H.; Bach, C.; Lengelle, J.; Louisanna, E.; Barantal, S.; Murat, C.; Buée, M. |
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Diversity and Structure of Fungal Communities in Neotropical Rainforest Soils: The Effect of Host Recurrence |
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2017 |
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Microbial Ecology |
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Microbial Ecology |
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73 |
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2 |
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310-320 |
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Amazonian forest; Fungal communities; Host recurrence; Litter; Second-generation sequencing; Soil |
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The patterns of the distribution of fungal species and their potential interactions with trees remain understudied in Neotropical rainforests, which harbor more than 16,000 tree species, mostly dominated by endomycorrhizal trees. Our hypothesis was that tree species shape the non-mycorrhizal fungal assemblages in soil and litter and that the diversity of fungal communities in these two compartments is partly dependent on the coverage of trees in the Neotropical rainforest. In French Guiana, a long-term plantation and a natural forest were selected to test this hypothesis. Fungal ITS1 regions were sequenced from soil and litter samples from within the vicinity of tree species. A broad range of fungal taxa was found, with 42 orders and 14 classes. Significant spatial heterogeneity in the fungal communities was found without strong variation in the species richness and evenness among the tree plots. However, tree species shaped the fungal assemblages in the soil and litter, explaining up to 18 % of the variation among the communities in the natural forest. These results demonstrate that vegetation cover has an important effect on the structure of fungal assemblages inhabiting the soil and litter in Amazonian forests, illustrating the relative impact of deterministic processes on fungal community structures in these highly diverse ecosystems. © 2016, Springer Science+Business Media New York. |
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Equipe Environnement et Microbiologie, Institut Pluridisciplinaire de Recherche en Environnement et Matériaux, Université de Pau et Pays de l’Adour, Pau, France |
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Phillips, O.L.; Brienen, R.J.W.; Gloor, E.; Baker, T.R.; Lloyd, J.; Lopez-Gonzalez, G.; Monteagudo-Mendoza, A.; Malhi, Y.; Lewis, S.L.; Vásquez Martinez, R.; Alexiades, M.; Álvarez Dávila, E.; Alvarez-Loayza, P.; Andrade, A.; Aragão, L.E.O.C.; Araujo-Murakami, A.; Arets, E.J.M.M.; Arroyo, L.; Aymard, G.A.; Bánki, O.S.; Baraloto, C.; Barroso, J.; Bonal, D.; Boot, R.G.A.; Camargo, J.L.C.; Castilho, C.V.; Chama, V.; Chao, K.J.; Chave, J.; Comiskey, J.A.; Valverde, F.C.; da Costa, L.; de Oliveira, E.A.; Di Fiore, A.; Erwin, T.L.; Fauset, S.; Forsthofer, M.; Galbraith, D.R.; Grahame, E.S.; Groot, N.; Herault, B.; Higuchi, N.; Honorio Coronado, E.N.; Keeling, H.; Killeen, T.J.; Laurance, W.F.; Laurance, S.; Licona, J.; Magnusson, W.E.; Marimon, B.S.; Marimon-Junior, B.H.; Mendoza, C.; Neill, D.A.; Nogueira, E.M.; Núñez, P.; Pallqui Camacho, N.C.; Parada, A.; Pardo-Molina, G.; Peacock, J.; Peña-Claros, M.; Pickavance, G.C.; Pitman, N.C.A.; Poorter, L.; Prieto, A.; Quesada, C.A.; Ramírez, F.; Ramírez-Angulo, H.; Restrepo, Z.; Roopsind, A.; Rudas, A.; Salomão, R.P.; Schwarz, M.; Silva, N.; Silva-Espejo, J.E.; Silveira, M.; Stropp, J.; Talbot, J.; ter Steege, H.; Teran-Aguilar, J.; Terborgh, J.; Thomas-Caesar, R.; Toledo, M.; Torello-Raventos, M.; Umetsu, R.; van der Heijden, G.M.F.; van der Hout, P.; Guimarães Vieira, I.C.; Vieira, S.A.; Vilanova, E.; Vos, V.A.; Zagt, R.J.; Alarcon, A.; Amaral, I.; Camargo, P.B.; Brown, I.F.; Blanc, L.; Burban, B.; Cardozo, N.; Engel, J.; de Freitas, M.A.; de Oliveira, A.; Fredericksen, T.S.; Ferreira, L.; Hinojosa, N.T.; Jimenez, E.; Lenza, E.; Mendoza, C.; Mendoza Polo, I.; Peña Cruz, A.; Peñuela, M.C.; Petronelli, P.; Singh, J.; Maquirino, P.; Serano, J.; Sota, A.; Oliveira dos Santos, C.; Ybarnegaray, J.; Ricardo, J. |
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Carbon uptake by mature Amazon forests has mitigated Amazon nations' carbon emissions |
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2017 |
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Carbon Balance and Management |
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Carbon Balance and Management |
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12 |
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Amazonia; Carbon balance; Carbon sink; Climate change; Ecosystem service; Land use change; Sequestration; Tropical forests |
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Background: Several independent lines of evidence suggest that Amazon forests have provided a significant carbon sink service, and also that the Amazon carbon sink in intact, mature forests may now be threatened as a result of different processes. There has however been no work done to quantify non-land-use-change forest carbon fluxes on a national basis within Amazonia, or to place these national fluxes and their possible changes in the context of the major anthropogenic carbon fluxes in the region. Here we present a first attempt to interpret results from ground-based monitoring of mature forest carbon fluxes in a biogeographically, politically, and temporally differentiated way. Specifically, using results from a large long-term network of forest plots, we estimate the Amazon biomass carbon balance over the last three decades for the different regions and nine nations of Amazonia, and evaluate the magnitude and trajectory of these differentiated balances in relation to major national anthropogenic carbon emissions. Results: The sink of carbon into mature forests has been remarkably geographically ubiquitous across Amazonia, being substantial and persistent in each of the five biogeographic regions within Amazonia. Between 1980 and 2010, it has more than mitigated the fossil fuel emissions of every single national economy, except that of Venezuela. For most nations (Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname) the sink has probably additionally mitigated all anthropogenic carbon emissions due to Amazon deforestation and other land use change. While the sink has weakened in some regions since 2000, our analysis suggests that Amazon nations which are able to conserve large areas of natural and semi-natural landscape still contribute globally-significant carbon sequestration. Conclusions: Mature forests across all of Amazonia have contributed significantly to mitigating climate change for decades. Yet Amazon nations have not directly benefited from providing this global scale ecosystem service. We suggest that better monitoring and reporting of the carbon fluxes within mature forests, and understanding the drivers of changes in their balance, must become national, as well as international, priorities. © 2017 The Author(s). |
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University of Leeds, School of Geography, Leeds, United Kingdom |
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Export Date: 20 February 2017 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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735 |
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Duval, R.; Duplais, C. |
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Fluorescent natural products as probes and tracers in biology |
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2017 |
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Natural Product Reports |
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Natural Product Reports |
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34 |
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2 |
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161-193 |
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Covering: 1985 up to the end of 2016 Fluorescence is a remarkable property of many natural products in addition to their medicinal and biological values. Herein, we provide a review on these peculiar secondary metabolites to stimulate prospecting of them as original fluorescent tracers, endowed with unique photophysical properties and with applications in most fields of biology. The compounds are spectrally categorized (i.e. fluorescing from violet to the near infra-red) and further structurally classified within each category. Natural products selected for their high impact in modern fluorescence-based biological studies are highlighted throughout the article. Finally, we discuss aspects of chemical ecology where fluorescent natural products might have key evolutionary roles and thus open new research directions in the field. © 2017 The Royal Society of Chemistry. |
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CNRS, UMR 8172 EcoFoG (Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane), AgroParisTech, Cirad, INRA, Université des Antilles, Université de Guyane, 23 avenue Pasteur, Cayenne, France |
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Export Date: 23 February 2017 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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736 |
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Odonne, G.; Houel, E.; Bourdy, G.; Stien, D. |
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Treating leishmaniasis in Amazonia: A review of ethnomedicinal concepts and pharmaco-chemical analysis of traditional treatments to inspire modern phytotherapies |
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2017 |
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Journal of Ethnopharmacology |
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Journal of Ethnopharmacology |
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199 |
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211-230 |
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Amazonia; Distribution indexes; Ethnomedecine; Interculturality; Leishmaniasis; Medicinal plants; Traditional medicine |
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Ethnopharmacological relevance Cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis are neglected tropical diseases that occur in all intertropical regions of the world. Amazonian populations have developed an abundant knowledge of the disease and its remedies. Therefore, we undertook to review traditional antileishmanial plants in Amazonia and have developed new tools to analyze this somewhat dispersed information. Material and methods A literature review of traditional remedies for cutaneous/mucocutaneous leishmaniasis in the Amazon was conducted and the data obtained was used to calculate distribution indexes designed to highlight the most relevant uses in Amazonia. The cultural distribution index represents the distribution rate of a given taxon among different cultural groups and was calculated as the ratio of the number of groups using the taxon to the total number of groups cited. The geographical distribution index allowed us to quantify spatial distribution of a taxon's uses in Amazonia and was calculated geometrically by measuring the average distance between the points where uses have been reported and the barycenter of those points. The general distribution index was defined as an arithmetic combination of the previous two and provides information on both cultural and spatial criteria. Results 475 use reports, concerning 291 botanical species belonging to 83 families have been gathered depicted from 29 sources. Uses concern 34 cultural groups. While the use of some taxa appears to be Pan-Amazonian, some others are clearly restricted to small geographical regions. Particular attention has been paid to the recipes and beliefs surrounding treatments. Topical application of the remedies dominated the other means of administration and this deserves particular attention as the main treatments against Neotropical leishmaniasis are painful systemic injections. The data set was analyzed using the previously defined distribution indexes and the most relevant taxa were further discussed from a phytochemical and pharmacological point of view. Conclusions The Amazonian biodiversity and cultural heritage host a fantastic amount of data whose systematic investigation should allow a better large-scale understanding of the dynamics of traditional therapies and the consequent discovery of therapeutic solutions for neglected diseases. Distribution indices are indeed powerful tools for emphasizing the most relevant treatments against a given disease and should be very useful in the meta-analysis of other regional pharmacopeia. This focus on renowned remedies that have not yet benefitted from extended laboratory studies, could stimulate future research on new treatments of natural origin for leishmaniasis. © 2017 Elsevier Ireland Ltd |
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Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biodiversité et Biotechnologies Microbiennes (LBBM), Observatoire Océanologique, Banyuls-sur-Mer, France |
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Export Date: 27 February 2017 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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737 |
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