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Author Bremaud, I.; Amusant, N.; Minato, K.; Gril, J.; Thibaut, B.
Title Effect of extractives on vibrational properties of African Padauk (Pterocarpus soyauxii Taub.) Type Journal Article
Year 2011 Publication Wood Science and Technology Abbreviated Journal Wood Sci. Technol.
Volume (up) 45 Issue 3 Pages 461-472
Keywords
Abstract Extractives can affect the vibrational properties tan delta (damping coefficient) and E'/rho (specific Young's modulus), but this is highly dependent on species, compounds, and cellular locations. This paper investigates such effects for African Padauk (Pterocarpus soyauxii Taub.), a tropical hardwood with high extractives content and a preferred material for xylophones. Five groups of 26 heartwood specimens with large, yet comparable, ranges in vibrational properties were extracted in different solvents. Changes in vibrational properties were set against yields of extracts and evaluation of their cellular location. Methanol (ME) reached most of the compounds (13%), located about half in lumen and half in cell-wall. Water solubility was extremely low. tan delta and E'/rho were very strongly related (R (2) a parts per thousand yen 0.93), but native wood had abnormally low values of tan delta, while extraction shifted this relation towards higher tan delta values. ME extracted heartwood became in agreement with the average of many species, and close to sapwood. Extractions increased tan delta as much as 60%, irrespective of minute moisture changes or initial properties. Apparent E'/rho was barely changed (+2% to -4%) but, after correcting the mass contribution of extracts, it was in fact slightly reduced (down to -10% for high E'/rho), and increasingly so for specimens with low initial values of E'/rho.
Address [Bremaud, I; Minato, K] Kyoto Prefectural Univ, Lab Forest Resource Circulating Circles, Grad Sch Life & Environm Sci, Kyoto 6068522, Japan, Email: iris_bremaud@hotmail.com
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Springer Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0043-7719 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes WOS:000292550700005 Approved no
Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 329
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Author Bremaud, I.; Gril, J.; Thibaut, B.
Title Anisotropy of wood vibrational properties: dependence on grain angle and review of literature data Type Journal Article
Year 2011 Publication Wood Science and Technology Abbreviated Journal Wood Sci. Technol.
Volume (up) 45 Issue 4 Pages 735-754
Keywords
Abstract The anisotropy of vibrational properties influences the acoustic behaviour of wooden pieces and their dependence on grain angle (GA). As most pieces of wood include some GA, either for technological reasons or due to grain deviations inside trunks, predicting its repercussions would be useful. This paper aims at evaluating the variability in the anisotropy of wood vibrational properties and analysing resulting trends as a function of orientation. GA dependence is described by a model based on transformation formulas applied to complex compliances, and literature data on anisotropic vibrational properties are reviewed. Ranges of variability, as well as representative sets of viscoelastic anisotropic parameters, are defined for mean hardwoods and softwoods and for contrasted wood types. GA-dependence calculations are in close agreement with published experimental results and allow comparing the sensitivity of different woods to GA. Calculated trends in damping coefficient (tan delta) and in specific modulus of elasticity (E'/rho) allow reconstructing the general tan delta-E'/rho statistical relationships previously reported. Trends for woods with different mechanical parameters merge into a single curve if anisotropic ratios (both elastic and of damping) are correlated between them, and with axial properties, as is indicated by the collected data. On the other hand, varying damping coefficient independently results in parallel curves, which coincide with observations on chemically modified woods, either “artificially”, or by natural extractives.
Address [Bremaud, I; Gril, J] Univ Montpellier 2, Lab Mecan & Genie Civil, CNRS, CC048, F-34095 Montpellier 5, France, Email: iris_bremaud@hotmail.com
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Springer Place of Publication Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0043-7719 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes WOS:000296006000009 Approved no
Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 369
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Author Stahl, C.; Burban, B.; Wagner, F.; Goret, J.-Y.; Bompy, F.; Bonal, D.
Title Influence of Seasonal Variations in Soil Water Availability on Gas Exchange of Tropical Canopy Trees Type Journal Article
Year 2013 Publication Biotropica Abbreviated Journal
Volume (up) 45 Issue 2 Pages 155-164
Keywords French Guiana; Photosynthesis; Predawn leaf water potential; Rain forest; Relative extractable water; Respiration; Soil drought; Transpiration
Abstract Seasonal variations in environmental conditions influence the functioning of the whole ecosystem of tropical rain forests, but as yet little is known about how such variations directly influence the leaf gas exchange and transpiration of individual canopy tree species. We examined the influence of seasonal variations in relative extractable water in the upper soil layers on predawn leaf water potential, saturated net photosynthesis, leaf dark respiration, stomatal conductance, and tree transpiration of 13 tropical rain forest canopy trees (eight species) over 2 yr in French Guiana. The canopies were accessed by climbing ropes attached to the trees and to a tower. Our results indicate that a small proportion of the studied trees were unaffected by soil water depletion during seasonal dry periods, probably thanks to efficient deep root systems. The trees showing decreased tree water status (i.e., predawn leaf water potential) displayed a wide range of leaf gas exchange responses. Some trees strongly regulated photosynthesis and transpiration when relative extractable water decreased drastically. In contrast, other trees showed little variation, thus indicating good adaptation to soil drought conditions. These results have important applications to modeling approaches: indeed, precise evaluation and grouping of these response patterns are required before any tree-based functional models can efficiently describe the response of tropical rain forest ecosystems to future changes in environmental conditions. © 2012 by The Association for Tropical Biology and Conservation.
Address INRA, UMR 1137 Université de Lorraine, INRA Nancy 'Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestière', Champenoux 54280, France
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Notes Export Date: 13 March 2013; Source: Scopus Approved no
Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 474
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Author Baraloto, C.; Molto, Q.; Rabaud, S.; Herault, B.; Valencia, R.; Blanc, L.; Fine, P.V.A.; Thompson, J.
Title Rapid simultaneous estimation of aboveground biomass and tree diversity across neotropical forests: A comparison of field inventory methods Type Journal Article
Year 2013 Publication Biotropica Abbreviated Journal Biotropica
Volume (up) 45 Issue 3 Pages 288-298
Keywords Biodiversity assessment; carbon stocks; Monitoring; Permanent plot; Survey; Tropical rain forest
Abstract A standardized rapid inventory method providing information on both tree species diversity and aboveground carbon stocks in tropical forests will be an important tool for evaluating efforts to conserve biodiversity and to estimate the carbon emissions that result from deforestation and degradation (REDD). Herein, we contrast five common plot methods differing in shape, size, and effort requirements to estimate tree diversity and aboveground tree biomass (AGB). We simulated the methods across six Neotropical forest sites that represent a broad gradient in forest structure, tree species richness, and floristic composition, and we assessed the relative performance of methods by evaluating the bias and precision of their estimates of AGB and tree diversity. For a given sample of forest area, a 'several small' (< 1 ha) sampling strategy led to a smaller coefficient of variation (CV) in the estimate of AGB than a 'few large' one. The effort (person-days) required to achieve an accurate AGB estimate (< 10% CV), however, was greater for the smallest plots (0.1 ha) than for a compromise approach using 0.5 ha modified Gentry plots, which proved to be the most efficient method to estimate AGB across all forest types. Gentry plots were also the most efficient at providing accurate estimates of tree diversity (< 10% CV of Hill number). We recommend the use of the 0.5 ha modified Gentry plot method in future rapid inventories, and we discuss a set of criteria that should inform any choice of inventory method. © 2012 The Author(s) Journal compilation © 2012 by The Association for Tropical Biology and Conservation.
Address Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Bush Estate, Penicuik, Midlothian, EH26 0QB, United Kingdom
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ISSN 00063606 (Issn) ISBN Medium
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Notes Export Date: 16 May 2013; Source: Scopus; Coden: Btroa; :doi 10.1111/btp.12006; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Baraloto, C.; INRA, UMR 'Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane', 97387, Kourou Cedex, French Guiana; email: chris.baraloto@ecofog.gf Approved no
Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 485
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Author Verheyen, K.; Vanhellemont, M.; Auge, H.; Baeten, L.; Baraloto, C.; Barsoum, N.; Bilodeau-Gauthier, S.; Bruelheide, H.; Castagneyrol, B.; Godbold, D.; Haase, J.; Hector, A.; Jactel, H.; Koricheva, J.; Loreau, M.; Mereu, S.; Messier, C.; Muys, B.; Nolet, P.; Paquette, A.; Parker, J.; Perring, M.; Ponette, Q.; Potvin, C.; Reich, P.; Smith, A.; Weih, M.; Scherer-Lorenzen, M.
Title Contributions of a global network of tree diversity experiments to sustainable forest plantations Type Journal Article
Year 2016 Publication Ambio Abbreviated Journal Ambio
Volume (up) 45 Issue 1 Pages 29-41
Keywords Biodiversity experiments; Ecological restoration; Functional biodiversity research; Plantation forest; Sustainable forest management
Abstract The area of forest plantations is increasing worldwide helping to meet timber demand and protect natural forests. However, with global change, monospecific plantations are increasingly vulnerable to abiotic and biotic disturbances. As an adaption measure we need to move to plantations that are more diverse in genotypes, species, and structure, with a design underpinned by science. TreeDivNet, a global network of tree diversity experiments, responds to this need by assessing the advantages and disadvantages of mixed species plantations. The network currently consists of 18 experiments, distributed over 36 sites and five ecoregions. With plantations 1–15 years old, TreeDivNet can already provide relevant data for forest policy and management. In this paper, we highlight some early results on the carbon sequestration and pest resistance potential of more diverse plantations. Finally, suggestions are made for new, innovative experiments in understudied regions to complement the existing network. © 2015, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.
Address Department of Crop Production Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, PO Box 7043, Uppsala, Sweden
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Notes Export Date: 29 January 2016 Approved no
Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 652
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Author Sprenger, P.P.; Hartke, J.; Feldmeyer, B.; Orivel, J.; Schmitt, T.; Menzel, F.
Title Influence of Mutualistic Lifestyle, Mutualistic Partner, and Climate on Cuticular Hydrocarbon Profiles in Parabiotic Ants Type Journal Article
Year 2019 Publication Journal of Chemical Ecology Abbreviated Journal J Chem Ecol
Volume (up) 45 Issue 9 Pages 741-754
Keywords
Abstract A vital trait in insects is their cuticular hydrocarbon (CHC) profile, which protects the insect against desiccation and serves in chemical communication. Due to these functions, CHC profiles are shaped by both climatic conditions and biotic interactions. Here, we investigated CHC differentiation in the neotropical parabiotic ant species Crematogaster levior and Camponotus femoratus, which mutualistically share a nest. Both consist of two cryptic species each (Cr. levior A and B and Ca. femoratus PAT and PS) that differ genetically and possess strongly different CHC profiles. We characterized and compared CHC profiles of the four cryptic species in detail. Our results suggest that Cr. levior A, Ca. femoratus PAT and Ca. femoratus PS adapted their CHC profiles to the parabiotic lifestyle by producing longer-chain CHCs. At the same time, they changed their major CHC classes, and produce more alkadienes and methyl-branched alkenes compared to Cr. levior B or non-parabiotic species. The CHC profiles of Cr. levior B were more similar to related, non-parabiotic species of the Orthocrema clade than Cr. levior A, and the chain lengths of B were similar to the reconstructed ancestral state. Signals of both the parabiotic partner (biotic conditions) and climate (abiotic conditions) were found in the CHC profiles of all four cryptic species. Our data suggest that mutualisms shaped the CHC profiles of the studied species, in particular chain length and CHC class composition. Beside this, signals of the parabiotic partners indicate potential impacts of biotic interactions, via chemical mimicry or chemical camouflage.
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ISSN 1573-1561 ISBN Medium
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Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Sprenger2019 Serial 894
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Author Franklin, J.; Andrade, R.; Daniels, M.L.; Fairbairn, P.; Fandino, M.C.; Gillespie, T.W.; González, G.; Gonzalez, O.; Imbert, D.; Kapos, V.; Kelly, D.L.; Marcano-Vega, H.; Meléndez-Ackerman, E.J.; McLaren, K.P.; McDonald, M.A.; Ripplinger, J.; Rojas-Sandoval, J.; Ross, M.S.; Ruiz, J.; Steadman, D.W.; Tanner, E.V.J.; Terrill, I.; Vennetier, M.
Title Geographical ecology of dry forest tree communities in the West Indies Type Journal Article
Year 2018 Publication Journal of Biogeography Abbreviated Journal J Biogeogr
Volume (up) 45 Issue 5 Pages 1168-1181
Keywords beta diversity; Caribbean; community composition; seasonally dry tropical forest; species turnover; tropical dry forest; West Indies
Abstract Abstract Aim Seasonally dry tropical forest (SDTF) of the Caribbean Islands (primarily West Indies) is floristically distinct from Neotropical SDTF in Central and South America. We evaluate whether tree species composition was associated with climatic gradients or geographical distance. Turnover (dissimilarity) in species composition of different islands or among more distant sites would suggest communities structured by speciation and dispersal limitations. A nested pattern would be consistent with a steep resource gradient. Correlation of species composition with climatic variation would suggest communities structured by broad-scale environmental filtering. Location The West Indies (The Bahamas, Cuba, Hispaniola, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, US Virgin Islands, Guadeloupe, Martinique, St. Lucia), Providencia (Colombia), south Florida (USA) and Florida Keys (USA). Taxon Seed plants?woody taxa (primarily trees). Methods We compiled 572 plots from 23 surveys conducted between 1969 and 2016. Hierarchical clustering of species in plots, and indicator species analysis for the resulting groups of sites, identified geographical patterns of turnover in species composition. Nonparametric analysis of variance, applied to principal components of bioclimatic variables, determined the degree of covariation in climate with location. Nestedness versus turnover in species composition was evaluated using beta diversity partitioning. Generalized dissimilarity modelling partitioned the effect of climate versus geographical distance on species composition. Results Despite a set of commonly occurring species, SDTF tree community composition was distinct among islands and was characterized by spatial turnover on climatic gradients that covaried with geographical gradients. Greater Antillean islands were characterized by endemic indicator species. Northern subtropical areas supported distinct, rather than nested, SDTF communities in spite of low levels of endemism. Main conclusions The SDTF species composition was correlated with climatic variation. SDTF on large Greater Antillean islands (Hispaniola, Jamaica and Cuba) was characterized by endemic species, consistent with their geological history and the biogeography of plant lineages. These results suggest that both environmental filtering and speciation shape Caribbean SDTF tree communities.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher John Wiley & Sons, Ltd (10.1111) Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0305-0270 ISBN Medium
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Notes doi: 10.1111/jbi.13198 Approved no
Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 846
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Author Zhang, T.; Bai, S.L.; Zhang, Y.F.; Thibaut, B.
Title Viscoelastic properties of wood materials characterized by nanoindentation experiments Type Journal Article
Year 2012 Publication Wood Science and Technology Abbreviated Journal Wood Sci. Technol.
Volume (up) 46 Issue 5 Pages 1003-1016
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Abstract
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Springer-Verlag Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0043-7719 ISBN Medium
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Notes Approved no
Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 465
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Author Roux, O.; Vantaux, A.; Petitclerc, F.; Orivel, J.; Dejean, A.; Billen, J.
Title Structural adaptations and mechanism of reflex bleeding in the larvae of the myrmecophilous ladybird Diomus thoracicus Type Journal Article
Year 2017 Publication Arthropod Structure and Development Abbreviated Journal Arthropod Structure and Development
Volume (up) 46 Issue 4 Pages 529-536
Keywords 3D reconstruction; Coccinellidae; Myrmecophagous insect; Reflex bleeding; Ultrastructure
Abstract Reflex bleeding is an effective defensive mechanism against predators. When attacked, some insects emit hemolymph, which coagulates, quickly entangling their aggressor. Bleeding occurs at weak intersegmental membranes or through dedicated organs, which can be associated or not with glandular cells. Here, we describe the behavior and morphological structures involved in reflex bleeding in the larvae of the ladybird, Diomus thoracicus, which are intranidal parasites of the ant Wasmannia auropunctata. The larvae are tolerated by the ants thanks to odor mimicry, but some rare aggressive ant behaviors were observed that trigger reflex bleeding both at a pair of thoracic tubercles and a pair of posterodorsal abdominal humps. No glandular structure was found in association with these emission points, which suggests that the material emitted was hemolymph only. A 3D reconstruction suggested that reflex bleeding seems to be controlled by muscles whose contraction increases the internal hydrostatic pressure and pushes the hemolymph into a funnel-like structure with an opening to the outside. In D. thoracicus, the morphological structures involved in reflex bleeding are among the most complex and prominent described to date. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd
Address KU Leuven, Zoological Institute, Naamsestraat 59, box 2466, Leuven, Belgium
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Notes Export Date: 18 December 2017 Approved no
Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 778
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Author Herault, B.; Ouallet, J.; Blanc, L.; Wagner, F.; Baraloto, C.
Title Growth responses of neotropical trees to logging gaps Type Journal Article
Year 2010 Publication Journal of Applied Ecology Abbreviated Journal J. Appl. Ecol.
Volume (up) 47 Issue 4 Pages 821-831
Keywords canopy openings; functional traits; incidence function model; light partitioning; selective logging; tree growth rates; tropical rain forest
Abstract P>1. Modelling growth strategies among tropical trees is an important objective in predicting the response of tree dynamics to selective logging and in gaining insights into the ecological processes that structure tree communities in managed tropical forests. 2. We developed a disturbance index to model the effects of distance to and area of logging gaps on stem radial growth rates. This index was tested using census data of 43 neotropical tree species, representing a variety of life-history strategies and developmental stages, from a selectively logged forest at Paracou, French Guiana. Growth strategies were analyzed in light of two indicators: the inherent species growth rate (when disturbance index is null) and the species reaction (change in growth rate) to logging gaps. 3. Across species, the predicted inherent growth rates in unlogged forest ranged from 0 center dot 25 to 6 center dot 47 mm year-1, with an average growth of 2 center dot 29 mm year-1. Ontogenetic shifts in inherent growth rate were found in 26 of the 43 species. 4. Species growth response to logging gaps varied widely among species but was significantly positive for 27 species. The effect of ontogeny on growth response to logging was retained for 14 species, and species with inherent fast growth rate (5 mm year-1) responded less to logging gap disturbances than did species with slow inherent growth (1 mm year-1). 5. Functional traits explained 19-42% of the variation in the inherent growth rate and in species' response across all developmental stages. Whereas maximum diameters and seed mass were strong predictors of inherent growth rate, maximum height, wood density, mode of germination and stem architecture were additionally involved in tree growth response. 6. Synthesis and applications: This study provides a necessary framework for developing predictive post-logging growth models for the thousands of species comprising tropical forests and is sufficiently general to apply to a broad range of managed tropical forests.
Address [Herault, Bruno] Univ Antilles Guyane, UMR Ecol Forets Guyane, F-97387 Kourou, France, Email: bruno.herault@ecofog.gf
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Publisher WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0021-8901 ISBN Medium
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Notes ISI:000279405100012 Approved no
Call Number EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ Serial 53
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