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Rifflet, A.; Gavalda, S.; Téné, N.; Orivel, J.; Leprince, J.; Guilhaudis, L.; Génin, E.; Vétillard, A.; Treilhou, M. |
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Identification and characterization of a novel antimicrobial peptide from the venom of the ant Tetramorium bicarinatum |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
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Peptides |
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38 |
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2 |
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363-370 |
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Amp; Ant venom; Antibacterial peptide; Bicarinalin; Esi-Ms/Ms; Staphylococcus; Tetramorium bicarinatum |
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A novel antimicrobial peptide, named Bicarinalin, has been isolated from the venom of the ant Tetramorium bicarinatum. Its amino acid sequence has been determined by de novo sequencing using mass spectrometry and by Edman degradation. Bicarinalin contained 20 amino acid residues and was C-terminally amidated as the majority of antimicrobial peptides isolated to date from insect venoms. Interestingly, this peptide had a linear structure and exhibited no meaningful similarity with any known peptides. Antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus and S. xylosus strains were evaluated using a synthetic replicate. Bicarinalin had a potent and broad antibacterial activity of the same magnitude as Melittin and other hymenopteran antimicrobial peptides such as Pilosulin or Defensin. Moreover, this antimicrobial peptide has a weak hemolytic activity compared to Melittin on erythrocytes, suggesting potential for development into an anti-infective agent for use against emerging antibiotic-resistant pathogens. © 2012 Elsevier Inc. |
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ThermoFisher Scientific, 16 avenue du Québec, 91963 Courtaboeuf, France |
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Export Date: 15 January 2013; Source: Scopus |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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456 |
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Marcon, E.; Puech, F.; Traissac, S. |
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Characterizing the relative spatial structure of point patterns |
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2012 |
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International Journal of Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Int. J. Ecol. |
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2012 |
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Article ID 619281 |
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11 |
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We generalize Ripley's K function to get a new function, M, to characterize the spatial structure of a point pattern relatively to another one. We show that this new approach is pertinent in ecology when space is not homogenous and the size of objects matters. We present how to use the function and test the data against the null hypothesis of independence between points. In a tropical tree data set we detect intraspecific aggregation and interspecific competition. © 2012 Eric Marcon et al. |
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LET (Université de Lyon, CNRS, ENTPE), Institut des Sciences de l'Homme, 14 avenue Berthelot, 69363 Lyon Cedex 07, France |
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16879708 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 7 November 2012; Source: Scopus; Art. No.: 619281; doi: 10.1155/2012/619281; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Marcon, E.; AgroParisTech, UMR EcoFoG, BP 709, 97310 Kourou, French Guiana; email: eric.marcon@ecofog.gf |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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446 |
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Laurans, M.; Martin, O.; Nicolini, E.; Vincent, G. |
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Functional traits and their plasticity predict tropical trees regeneration niche even among species with intermediate light requirements |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
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Journal of Ecology |
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J. Ecol. |
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100 |
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6 |
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1440-1452 |
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Canopy disturbance; Determinants of plant community diversity and structure; Growth rate; Irradiance; Leaf life span; Leaf mass per area; Niche differentiation; Phenotypic plasticity; Shade tolerance; Tropical moist forest |
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Niche differentiation is a key issue in the current debate on community assembly mechanisms. In highly diverse moist tropical forests, tree species sensitivity to canopy openness is thought to be a major axis in niche differentiation. In the past, the syndrome of traits driving the demographic trade-off involved in the niche-based theory of coexistence has always been established among species situated at the two extremities of the shade-tolerance gradient, even though most tropical tree species have intermediate light requirements. In addition, trait plasticity has seldom been linked to tropical tree species distribution along environmental gradients. This article examines covariations between leaf traits, whole-plant traits and niche parameters among 14 tree species with intermediate light requirements in French Guiana and across a range of canopy openness. Each functional trait measured under field conditions was characterized by a median value and a degree of plasticity expressed under contrasting light regimes. Niche differentiation was characterized in terms of spatial light gradient. We first examined covariations between functional traits then explored to what degree the median value and plasticity in functional traits could predict light niche characteristics at the sapling stage and the ontogenetic change in light availability estimated by adult stature. Leaf mass per area (LMA) was positively correlated with leaf life span (LLS); species with higher LMA and higher LLS displayed lower diameter growth rates (GRs) and lower responsiveness to canopy gap at both whole-plant and population levels. This proved that the relationships previously established over a broader range of species held true within the narrow range of the light requirements covered. Height GR plasticity accounted for 49% of the variation in light niche optimum. LMA plasticity, unlike LLS plasticity, was significantly correlated with light niche breadth and adult stature. Synthesis. This study demonstrates the relevance of considering the phenotypic plasticity in functional traits in community ecology, particularly for quantifying breadth of species distribution over environmental gradients. Our findings did not support Hubbell's hypothesis of functional equivalence and suggest that even a rather subtle variation in forest canopy disturbance promotes the coexistence of tropical tree species. © 2012 The Authors. Journal of Ecology © 2012 British Ecological Society. |
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UMR AMAP, IRD, TA A-51/PS2, Bd de la Lironde, France |
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00220477 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 7 November 2012; Source: Scopus; Coden: Jecoa; doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2745.2012.02007.x; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Laurans, M.; UMR, AMAP, CIRAD TA A-51/PS1, Bd de la Lironde, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France; email: laurans@cirad.fr |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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445 |
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Rodrigues, A.M.S.; Stien, D.; Eparvier, V.; Espindola, L.S.; Beauchene, J.; Amusant, N.; Lemenager, N.; Baudasse, C.; Raguin, L. |
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The wood preservative potential of long-lasting Amazonian wood extracts |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
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International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation |
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75 |
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146-149 |
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Durable wood extracts; Handroanthus serratifolius; Rotting fungi; Wood preservation |
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Investigations were carried out on the efficacy of extracts from seven Amazonian woods (Bagassa guianensis, Manilkara huberi, Sextonia rubra, Vouacapoua americana, Andira surinamensis, Handroanthus serratifolius, and Qualea rosea) with varying natural durability to reduce soft-rot degradation in a 6-wk soil-bed test. Six of the wood extracts had shown efficacy against soft-rot fungi. In particular, the preservation efficacies of B. guianensis, H. serratifolius, and S. rubra extracts were highly significant up to retention levels of 23, 25, and 12 kg m-3, respectively. Three extracts (A. surinamensis, H. serratifolius, and Q. rosea) were then tested against Gloeophyllum trabeum (brown rot) and Trametes versicolor (white rot), in an agar-block test. H. serratifolius wood extract was very efficient at protecting P. sylvestris samples at 5.1 kg m-3 against the brown rot. This extract could be used as a basis for new wood protectant formulations. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. |
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Laboratoire de Préservation, CIRAD, 73 rue JF Breton, Montpellier 34398, TA B 40-16, cedex 5, France |
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Export Date: 15 January 2013; Source: Scopus |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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457 |
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Barantal, S.; Schimann, H.; Fromin, N.; Hattenschwiler, S. |
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Nutrient and Carbon Limitation on Decomposition in an Amazonian Moist Forest |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
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Ecosystems |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ecosystems |
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15 |
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7 |
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1039-1052 |
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energy limitation; labile carbon; litter quality; nitrogen; phosphorus; priming effect; soil fauna; tropical forest |
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Tropical forests determine global biogeochemical cycles to a large extent, but control factors for key ecosystem processes such as decomposition remain poorly understood. With a full-factorial C (cellulose), N (urea), and P (phosphate) fertilization experiment, we tested the relative importance of C and nutrient limitation on litter decomposition in a mature lowland moist forest of French Guiana. Despite the previously demonstrated litter C quality control over decomposition and the very low soil P content (0. 1 mg g -1 of soil) at our study site, fertilization with C or P alone did not increase the decomposition of a wide range of litter types (N:P ratios between 20 and 80). Nitrogen fertilization alone also had no effect on decomposition. However, the combined fertilization with N and P resulted in up to 33. 5% more initial litter mass lost, with an increasing effect with wider litter N:P ratios. Soil fauna strongly stimulated litter mass loss and enhanced nutrient fertilization effects. Moreover, nutrient effects on decomposition increased with additional C fertilization in the presence of fauna. Our results suggest that increased N availability is required for a positive P effect on decomposition in the studied P-poor tropical forest. Further stimulation of decomposition by C amendment through priming indicates energy limitation of decomposers that is co-determined by nutrient availability. The demonstrated intricate control of the key resources C, N, and P on decomposition calls for an intensified research effort on multiple resource limitation on key processes in tropical forests and how they change under multiple human impacts. © 2012 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC. |
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UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane (ECOFOG), INRA, Kourou, French Guiana |
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14329840 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 2 November 2012; Source: Scopus; Coden: Ecosf; doi: 10.1007/s10021-012-9564-9; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Schimann, H.; UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane (ECOFOG), INRA, Kourou, French Guiana; email: heidy.schimann@ecofog.gf |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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442 |
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Maia, A.C.D.; Dötterl, S.; Kaiser, R.; Silberbauer-Gottsberger, I.; Teichert, H.; Gibernau, M.; do Amaral Ferraz Navarro, D.M.; Schlindwein, C.; Gottsberger, G. |
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The Key Role of 4-methyl-5-vinylthiazole in the Attraction of Scarab Beetle Pollinators: A Unique Olfactory Floral Signal Shared by Annonaceae and Araceae |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
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Journal of Chemical Ecology |
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J. Chem. Ecol. |
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38 |
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9 |
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1072-1080 |
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Beetle pollination; Floral scent; Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS); Olfactory-mediated attraction |
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Cyclocephaline scarabs are specialised scent-driven pollinators, implicated with the reproductive success of several Neotropical plant taxa. Night-blooming flowers pollinated by these beetles are thermogenic and release intense fragrances synchronized to pollinator activity. However, data on floral scent composition within such mutualistic interactions are scarce, and the identity of behaviorally active compounds involved is largely unknown. We performed GC-MS analyses of floral scents of four species of Annona (magnoliids, Annonaceae) and Caladium bicolor (monocots, Araceae), and demonstrated the chemical basis for the attraction of their effective pollinators. 4-Methyl-5-vinylthiazole, a nitrogen and sulphur-containing heterocyclic compound previously unreported in flowers, was found as a prominent constituent in all studied species. Field biotests confirmed that it is highly attractive to both male and female beetles of three species of the genus Cyclocephala, pollinators of the studied plant taxa. The origin of 4-methyl-5-vinylthiazole in plants might be associated with the metabolism of thiamine (vitamin B1), and we hypothesize that the presence of this compound in unrelated lineages of angiosperms is either linked to selective expression of a plesiomorphic biosynthetic pathway or to parallel evolution. © 2012 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC. |
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Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil |
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00980331 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 2 November 2012; Source: Scopus; Coden: Jcecd; doi: 10.1007/s10886-012-0173-z; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Maia, A. C. D.; Departamento de Química Fundamental, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50740-560, Brazil; email: arturcamposmaia@yahoo.com.br |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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444 |
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Dejean, A.; Delabie, J.H.; Corbara, B.; Azémar, F.; Groc, S.; Orivel, J.; Leponce, M. |
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The ecology and feeding habits of the arboreal trap-jawed ant Daceton armigerum |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
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PloS one |
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PLoS ONE |
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7 |
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5 |
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e37683 |
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animal; ant; article; ecology; feeding behavior; Hemiptera; physiology; predation; Animals; Ants; Ecology; Feeding Behavior; Hemiptera; Predatory Behavior |
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Here we show that Daceton armigerum, an arboreal myrmicine ant whose workers are equipped with hypertrophied trap-jaw mandibles, is characterized by a set of unexpected biological traits including colony size, aggressiveness, trophobiosis and hunting behavior. The size of one colony has been evaluated at ca. 952,000 individuals. Intra- and interspecific aggressiveness were tested and an equiprobable null model used to show how D. armigerum colonies react vis-à-vis other arboreal ant species with large colonies; it happens that D. armigerum can share trees with certain of these species. As they hunt by sight, workers occupy their hunting areas only during the daytime, but stay on chemical trails between nests at night so that the center of their home range is occupied 24 hours a day. Workers tend different Hemiptera taxa (i.e., Coccidae, Pseudococcidae, Membracidae and Aethalionidae). Through group-hunting, short-range recruitment and spread-eagling prey, workers can capture a wide range of prey (up to 94.12 times the mean weight of foraging workers). |
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Écologie des Forêts de Guyane, Campus Agronomique, Kourou, France. |
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19326203 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 2 November 2012; Source: Scopus; doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0037683; PubMed ID: 22737205; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Dejean, A.email: alain.dejean@wanadoo.fr |
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443 |
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Rey, O.; Estoup, A.; Vonshak, M.; Loiseau, A.; Blanchet, S.; Calcaterra, L.; Chifflet, L.; Rossi, J.-P.; Kergoat, G.J.; Foucaud, J.; Orivel, J.; Leponce, M.; Schultz, T.; Facon, B. |
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Where do adaptive shifts occur during invasion? A multidisciplinary approach to unravelling cold adaptation in a tropical ant species invading the Mediterranean area |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
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Ecology Letters |
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Ecol. Lett. |
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15 |
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11 |
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1266-1275 |
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Adaptation; Biological invasion; Climatic niche shift; Cold temperature; Mediterranean zone; Wasmannia auropunctata |
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Evolution may improve the invasiveness of populations, but it often remains unclear whether key adaptation events occur after introduction into the recipient habitat (i.e. post-introduction adaptation scenario), or before introduction within the native range (i.e. prior-adaptation scenario) or at a primary site of invasion (i.e. bridgehead scenario). We used a multidisciplinary approach to determine which of these three scenarios underlies the invasion of the tropical ant Wasmannia auropunctata in a Mediterranean region (i.e. Israel). Species distribution models (SDM), phylogeographical analyses at a broad geographical scale and laboratory experiments on appropriate native and invasive populations indicated that Israeli populations followed an invasion scenario in which adaptation to cold occurred at the southern limit of the native range before dispersal to Israel. We discuss the usefulness of combining SDM, genetic and experimental approaches for unambiguous determination of eco-evolutionary invasion scenarios. © 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd/CNRS. |
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Smithsonian Institute, Department of Entomology, Natural Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC, 20013, United States |
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1461023x (Issn) |
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Export Date: 19 October 2012; Source: Scopus; Coden: Eclef; doi: 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2012.01849.x; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Rey, O.; INRA, UMR1062, CBGP, Montpellier, France; email: olivier.rey.1@gmail.com |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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441 |
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Fortunel, C.; Fine, P.V.A.; Baraloto, C. |
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Leaf, stem and root tissue strategies across 758 Neotropical tree species |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
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Functional Ecology |
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Funct. Ecol. |
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26 |
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5 |
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1153-1161 |
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French Guiana; Functional trade-offs; Leaf economics; Peru; Plant traits; Tropical forest; Wood economics |
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1. Trade-offs among functional traits reveal major plant strategies that can give insight into species distributions and ecosystem processes. However, current identification of plant strategies lacks the integration of root structural traits together with leaf and stem traits. 2. We examined correlations among 14 traits representing leaf, stem and woody root tissues. Traits were measured on 1084 individuals representing 758 Neotropical tree species, across 13 sites representative of the environmental variation encompassed by three widespread habitats (seasonally flooded, clay terra firme and white-sand forests) at opposite ends of Amazonia (French Guiana and Peru). 3. Woody root traits were closely aligned with stem traits, but not with leaf traits. Altogether leaf, stem and woody root traits delineated two orthogonal axes of functional trade-offs: a first axis defined by leaf traits, corresponding to a 'leaf economics spectrum', and a second axis defined by covarying stem and woody root traits, corresponding to a 'wood economics spectrum'. These axes remained consistent when accounting for species evolutionary history with phylogenetically independent contrasts. 4. Despite the strong species turnover across sites, the covariation among root and stem structural traits as well as their orthogonality to leaf traits were strongly consistent across habitats and regions. 5. We conclude that root structural traits mirrored stem traits rather than leaf traits in Neotropical trees. Leaf and wood traits define an integrated whole-plant strategy in lowland South American forests that may contribute to a more complete understanding of plant responses to global changes in both correlative and modelling approaches. We suggest further meta-analyses in expanded environmental and geographic zones to determine the generality of this pattern. © 2012 The Authors. Functional Ecology © 2012 British Ecological Society. |
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Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, United States |
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02698463 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 10 October 2012; Source: Scopus; Coden: Fecoe; doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2435.2012.02020.x; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Fortunel, C.; INRA, UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane, BP 709, 97387 Kourou Cedex, France; email: claire.fortunel@ecofog.gf |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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440 |
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Colin, F.; Sanjines, A.; Fortin, M.; Bontemps, J.-D.; Nicolini, E. |
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Fagus sylvatica trunk epicormics in relation to primary and secondary growth |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
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Annals of Botany |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ann. Bot. |
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110 |
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5 |
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995-1005 |
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Keywords |
epicormics; European beech; Fagus sylvatica; mixed ZIP models; ontogeny; radial growth; sprouting |
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Abstract |
Background and AimsEuropean beech epicormics have received far less attention than epicormics of other species, especially sessile oak. However, previous work on beech has demonstrated that there is a negative effect of radial growth on trunk sprouting, while more recent investigations on sessile oak proved a strong positive influence of the presence of epicormics. The aims of this study were, first, to make a general quantification of the epicormics present along beech stems and, secondly, to test the effects of both radial growth and epicormic frequency on sprouting. MethodsIn order to test the effect of radial growth, ten forked individuals were sampled, with a dominant and a dominated fork of almost equal length for every individual. To test the effects of primary growth and epicormic frequency, on the last 17 annual shoots of each fork arm, the number of axillary buds, shoot length, ring width profiles, epicormic shoots and other epicormics were carefully recorded. Key ResultsThe distribution of annual shoot length, radial growth profiles and parallel frequencies of all epicormics are presented. The latter frequencies were parallel to the annual shoot lengths, nearly equivalent for both arms of each tree, and radial growth profiles included very narrow rings in the lowest annual shoots and even missing rings in the dominated arms alone. The location of the latent buds and the epicormics was mainly at branch base, while epicormic shoots, bud clusters and spheroblasts were present mainly in the lowest annual shoots investigated. Using a zero-inflated mixed model, sprouting was shown to depend positively on epicormic frequency and negatively on radial growth. ConclusionsSupport for a trade-off between cambial activity and sprouting is put forward. Sprouting mainly depends on the frequency of epicormics. Between-and within-tree variability of the epicormic composition in a given species may thus have fundamental and applied implications. © 2012 The Author. |
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Equipe Architecture et Développement des Plantes, CIRAD, Campus Agronomique de Silvolab, BP 701, 97387 Kourou cedex, Guyane, France |
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03057364 (Issn) |
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Notes |
Export Date: 8 October 2012; Source: Scopus; Coden: Anboa; doi: 10.1093/aob/mcs178; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Colin, F.; INRA, Centre de Nancy, UMR 1092 INRA-AgroParisTech LERFoB, 54280 Champenoux, France; email: colin@nancy.inra.fr |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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439 |
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