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Schepaschenko, D.; Chave, J.; Phillips, O.L.; Lewis, S.L.; Davies, S.J.; Réjou-Méchain, M.; Sist, P.; Scipal, K.; Perger, C.; Herault, B.; Labrière, N.; Hofhansl, F.; Affum-Baffoe, K.; Aleinikov, A.; Alonso, A.; Amani, C.; Araujo-Murakami, A.; Armston, J.; Arroyo, L.; Ascarrunz, N.; Azevedo, C.; Baker, T.; Bałazy, R.; Bedeau, C.; Berry, N.; Bilous, A.M.; Bilous, S.Y.; Bissiengou, P.; Blanc, L.; Bobkova, K.S.; Braslavskaya, T.; Brienen, R.; Burslem, D.F.R.P.; Condit, R.; Cuni-Sanchez, A.; Danilina, D.; Del Castillo Torres, D.; Derroire, G.; Descroix, L.; Sotta, E.D.; d'Oliveira, M.V.N.; Dresel, C.; Erwin, T.; Evdokimenko, M.D.; Falck, J.; Feldpausch, T.R.; Foli, E.G.; Foster, R.; Fritz, S.; Garcia-Abril, A.D.; Gornov, A.; Gornova, M.; Gothard-Bassébé, E.; Gourlet-Fleury, S.; Guedes, M.; Hamer, K.C.; Susanty, F.H.; Higuchi, N.; Coronado, E.N.H.; Hubau, W.; Hubbell, S.; Ilstedt, U.; Ivanov, V.V.; Kanashiro, M.; Karlsson, A.; Karminov, V.N.; Killeen, T.; Koffi, J.-C.K.; Konovalova, M.; Kraxner, F.; Krejza, J.; Krisnawati, H.; Krivobokov, L.V.; Kuznetsov, M.A.; Lakyda, I.; Lakyda, P.I.; Licona, J.C.; Lucas, R.M.; Lukina, N.; Lussetti, D.; Malhi, Y.; Manzanera, J.A.; Marimon, B.; Junior, B.H.M.; Martinez, R.V.; Martynenko, O.V.; Matsala, M.; Matyashuk, R.K.; Mazzei, L.; Memiaghe, H.; Mendoza, C.; Mendoza, A.M.; Moroziuk, O.V.; Mukhortova, L.; Musa, S.; Nazimova, D.I.; Okuda, T.; Oliveira, L.C.; Ontikov, P.V.; Osipov, A.F.; Pietsch, S.; Playfair, M.; Poulsen, J.; Radchenko, V.G.; Rodney, K.; Rozak, A.H.; Ruschel, A.; Rutishauser, E.; See, L.; Shchepashchenko, M.; Shevchenko, N.; Shvidenko, A.; Silveira, M.; Singh, J.; Sonké, B.; Souza, C.; Stereńczak, K.; Stonozhenko, L.; Sullivan, M.J.P.; Szatniewska, J.; Taedoumg, H.; Ter Steege, H.; Tikhonova, E.; Toledo, M.; Trefilova, O.V.; Valbuena, R.; Gamarra, L.V.; Vasiliev, S.; Vedrova, E.F.; Verhovets, S.V.; Vidal, E.; Vladimirova, N.A.; Vleminckx, J.; Vos, V.A.; Vozmitel, F.K.; Wanek, W.; West, T.A.P.; Woell, H.; Woods, J.T.; Wortel, V.; Yamada, T.; Nur Hajar, Z.S.; Zo-Bi, I.C. |
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The Forest Observation System, building a global reference dataset for remote sensing of forest biomass |
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2019 |
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Scientific data |
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6 |
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198 |
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Forest biomass is an essential indicator for monitoring the Earth's ecosystems and climate. It is a critical input to greenhouse gas accounting, estimation of carbon losses and forest degradation, assessment of renewable energy potential, and for developing climate change mitigation policies such as REDD+, among others. Wall-to-wall mapping of aboveground biomass (AGB) is now possible with satellite remote sensing (RS). However, RS methods require extant, up-to-date, reliable, representative and comparable in situ data for calibration and validation. Here, we present the Forest Observation System (FOS) initiative, an international cooperation to establish and maintain a global in situ forest biomass database. AGB and canopy height estimates with their associated uncertainties are derived at a 0.25 ha scale from field measurements made in permanent research plots across the world's forests. All plot estimates are geolocated and have a size that allows for direct comparison with many RS measurements. The FOS offers the potential to improve the accuracy of RS-based biomass products while developing new synergies between the RS and ground-based ecosystem research communities. |
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FRIM Forest Research Institute of Malaysia, 52109 Kepong, Selangor, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia |
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Export Date: 21 October 2019 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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889 |
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Jaouen, G.; Sagne, A.; Buyck, B.; Decock, C.; Louisanna, E.; Manzi, S.; Baraloto, C.; Roy, M.; Schimann, H. |
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Fungi of French Guiana gathered in a taxonomic, environmental and molecular dataset |
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2019 |
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Scientific data |
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6 |
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206 |
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In Amazonia, the knowledge about Fungi remains patchy and biased towards accessible sites. This is particularly the case in French Guiana where the existing collections have been confined to few coastal localities. Here, we aimed at filling the gaps of knowledge in undersampled areas of this region, particularly focusing on the Basidiomycota. From 2011, we comprehensively collected fruiting-bodies with a stratified and reproducible sampling scheme in 126 plots. Sites of sampling reflected the main forest habitats of French Guiana in terms of soil fertility and topography. The dataset of 5219 specimens gathers 245 genera belonging to 75 families, 642 specimens are barcoded. The dataset is not a checklist as only 27% of the specimens are identified at the species level but 96% are identified at the genus level. We found an extraordinary diversity distributed across forest habitats. The dataset is an unprecedented and original collection of Basidiomycota for the region, making specimens available for taxonomists and ecologists. The database is publicly available in the GBIF repository ( https://doi.org/10.15468/ymvlrp ). |
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Department of Biological Science, Florida International University, FL, Miami, 33199, United States |
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Export Date: 28 October 2019 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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891 |
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Longo, M.; Knox, R.G.; Levine, N.M.; Swann, A.L.S.; Medvigy, D.M.; Dietze, M.C.; Kim, Y.; Zhang, K.; Bonal, D.; Burban, B.; Camargo, P.B.; Hayek, M.N.; Saleska, S.R.; Da Silva, R.; Bras, R.L.; Wofsy, S.C.; Moorcroft, P.R. |
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The biophysics, ecology, and biogeochemistry of functionally diverse, vertically and horizontally heterogeneous ecosystems: The Ecosystem Demography model, version 2.2-Part 2: Model evaluation for tropical South America |
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2019 |
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Geoscientific Model Development |
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Geoscientific Model Dev. |
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12 |
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10 |
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4347-4374 |
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The Ecosystem Demography model version 2.2 (ED-2.2) is a terrestrial biosphere model that simulates the biophysical, ecological, and biogeochemical dynamics of vertically and horizontally heterogeneous terrestrial ecosystems. In a companion paper (Longo et al., 2019a), we described how the model solves the energy, water, and carbon cycles, and verified the high degree of conservation of these properties in long-term simulations that include long-term (multi-decadal) vegetation dynamics. Here, we present a detailed assessment of the model's ability to represent multiple processes associated with the biophysical and biogeochemical cycles in Amazon forests. We use multiple measurements from eddy covariance towers, forest inventory plots, and regional remote-sensing products to assess the model's ability to represent biophysical, physiological, and ecological processes at multiple timescales, ranging from subdaily to century long. The ED-2.2 model accurately describes the vertical distribution of light, water fluxes, and the storage of water, energy, and carbon in the canopy air space, the regional distribution of biomass in tropical South America, and the variability of biomass as a function of environmental drivers. In addition, ED-2.2 qualitatively captures several emergent properties of the ecosystem found in observations, specifically observed relationships between aboveground biomass, mortality rates, and wood density; however, the slopes of these relationships were not accurately captured. We also identified several limitations, including the model's tendency to overestimate the magnitude and seasonality of heterotrophic respiration and to overestimate growth rates in a nutrient-poor tropical site. The evaluation presented here highlights the potential of incorporating structural and functional heterogeneity within biomes in Earth system models (ESMs) and to realistically represent their impacts on energy, water, and carbon cycles. We also identify several priorities for further model development. |
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Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States |
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Copernicus GmbH |
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1991959x (Issn) |
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Cited By :1; Export Date: 27 October 2019; Correspondence Address: Longo, M.; Harvard UniversityUnited States; email: mdplongo@gmail.com |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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890 |
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Grossiord, C.; Christoffersen, B.; Alonso-Rodríguez, A.M.; Anderson-Teixeira, K.; Asbjornsen, H.; Aparecido, L.M.T.; Carter Berry, Z.; Baraloto, C.; Bonal, D.; Borrego, I.; Burban, B.; Chambers, J.Q.; Christianson, D.S.; Detto, M.; Faybishenko, B.; Fontes, C.G.; Fortunel, C.; Gimenez, B.O.; Jardine, K.J.; Kueppers, L.; Miller, G.R.; Moore, G.W.; Negron-Juarez, R.; Stahl, C.; Swenson, N.G.; Trotsiuk, V.; Varadharajan, C.; Warren, J.M.; Wolfe, B.T.; Wei, L.; Wood, T.E.; Xu, C.; McDowell, N.G. |
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Precipitation mediates sap flux sensitivity to evaporative demand in the neotropics |
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Journal Article |
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2019 |
Publication |
Oecologia |
Abbreviated Journal |
Oecologia |
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191 |
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3 |
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519-530 |
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Evapotranspiration; Plant functional traits; Transpiration; Vapor pressure deficit; drought; evapotranspiration; flux measurement; hydrological cycle; Neotropical Region; precipitation (chemistry); precipitation (climatology); tree; tropical forest; tropical region; vapor pressure; water; drought; evapotranspiration; forest; tree; vapor pressure; Droughts; Forests; Plant Transpiration; Trees; Vapor Pressure; Water |
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Transpiration in humid tropical forests modulates the global water cycle and is a key driver of climate regulation. Yet, our understanding of how tropical trees regulate sap flux in response to climate variability remains elusive. With a progressively warming climate, atmospheric evaporative demand [i.e., vapor pressure deficit (VPD)] will be increasingly important for plant functioning, becoming the major control of plant water use in the twenty-first century. Using measurements in 34 tree species at seven sites across a precipitation gradient in the neotropics, we determined how the maximum sap flux velocity (vmax) and the VPD threshold at which vmax is reached (VPDmax) vary with precipitation regime [mean annual precipitation (MAP); seasonal drought intensity (PDRY)] and two functional traits related to foliar and wood economics spectra [leaf mass per area (LMA); wood specific gravity (WSG)]. We show that, even though vmax is highly variable within sites, it follows a negative trend in response to increasing MAP and PDRY across sites. LMA and WSG exerted little effect on vmax and VPDmax, suggesting that these widely used functional traits provide limited explanatory power of dynamic plant responses to environmental variation within hyper-diverse forests. This study demonstrates that long-term precipitation plays an important role in the sap flux response of humid tropical forests to VPD. Our findings suggest that under higher evaporative demand, trees growing in wetter environments in humid tropical regions may be subjected to reduced water exchange with the atmosphere relative to trees growing in drier climates. © 2019, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. |
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Earth Systems Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States |
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Springer Verlag |
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00298549 (Issn) |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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904 |
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Ruiz-González, M.X.; Leroy, C.; Dejean, A.; Gryta, H.; Jargeat, P.; Carrión, A.D.A.; Orivel, J. |
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Do host plant and associated ant species affect microbial communities in myrmecophytes? |
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Journal Article |
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2019 |
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Insects |
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Insects |
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10 |
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11 |
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391 |
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Allomerus decemarticulatus; Allomerus octoarticulatus; Azteca sp; Cf; Cordia nodosa; Depilis; Domatia; Hirtella physophora; Microbial diversity |
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Ant-associated microorganisms can play crucial and often overlooked roles, and given the diversity of interactions that ants have developed, the study of the associated microbiomes is of interest. We focused here on specialist plant-ant species of the genus Allomerus that grow a fungus to build galleries on their host-plant stems. Allomerus-inhabited domatia, thus, might be a rich arena for microbes associated with the ants, the plant, and the fungus. We investigated the microbial communities present in domatia colonised by four arboreal ants: Allomerus decemarticulatus, A. octoarticulatus, A. octoarticulatus var. demerarae, and the non-fungus growing plant-ant Azteca sp. cf. depilis, inhabiting Hirtella physophora or Cordia nodosa in French Guiana. We hypothesized that the microbial community will differ among these species. We isolated microorganisms from five colonies of each species, sequenced the 16S rRNA or Internal TranscribedSpacer (ITS) regions, and described both the alpha and beta diversities. We identified 69 microbial taxa, which belong to five bacterial and two fungal phyla. The most diverse phyla were Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria. The microbial community of Azteca cf. depilis and Allomerus spp. differed in composition and richness. Geographical distance affected microbial communities and richness but plant species did not. Actinobacteria were only associated with Allomerus spp. |
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Biodiversity Genomics Team, Plant Ecophysiology & Evolution Group, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, College of Forestry, Daxuedonglu 100, Nanning, Guangxi 530005, China |
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Mdpi Ag |
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20754450 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 18 November 2019; Correspondence Address: Ruiz-González, M.X.; Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, San Cayetano Alto s/n, Ecuador; email: marioxruizgonzalez@gmail.com |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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896 |
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Bréchet, L.; Courtois, E.A.; Saint-Germain, T.; Janssens, I.A.; Asensio, D.; Ramirez-Rojas, I.; Soong, J.L.; Van Langenhove, L.; Verbruggen, E.; Stahl, C. |
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Disentangling Drought and Nutrient Effects on Soil Carbon Dioxide and Methane Fluxes in a Tropical Forest |
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Journal Article |
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2019 |
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Frontiers in Environmental Science |
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Front. Environ. Sci. |
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7 |
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180 |
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carbon dioxide; drought; fertilization; methane; nitrogen; phosphorus; soil GHG fluxes; tropical forest |
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Tropical soils are a major contributor to the balance of greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes in the atmosphere. Models of tropical GHG fluxes predict that both the frequency of drought events and changes in atmospheric deposition of nitrogen (N) will significantly affect dynamics of soil carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) production and consumption. In this study, we examined the combined effect of a reduction in precipitation and an increase in nutrient availability on soil CO2 and CH4 fluxes in a primary French Guiana tropical forest. Drought conditions were simulated by intercepting precipitation falling through the forest canopy with tarpaulin roofs. Nutrient availability was manipulated through application of granular N and/or phosphorus (P) fertilizer to the soil. Soil water content (SWC) below the roofs decreased rapidly and stayed at continuously low values until roof removal, which as a consequence roughly doubled the duration of the dry season. After roof removal, SWC slowly increased but remained lower than in the control soils even after 2.5 months of wet-season precipitation. We showed that drought-imposed reduction in SWC decreased the CO2 emissions (i.e., CO2 efflux), but strongly increased the CH4 emissions. N, P, and N × P (i.e., NP) additions all significantly increased CO2 emission but had no effect on CH4 fluxes. In treatments where both fertilization and drought were applied, the positive effect of N, P, and NP fertilization on CO2 efflux was reduced. After roof removal, soil CO2 efflux was more resilient in the control plots than in the fertilized plots while there was only a modest effect of roof removal on soil CH4 fluxes. Our results suggest that a combined increase in drought and nutrient availability in soil can locally increase the emissions of both CO2 and CH4 from tropical soils, for a long term. |
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Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Climate and Ecosystem Science Division, Berkeley, CA, United States |
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Frontiers Media S.A. |
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2296665x (Issn) |
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Export Date: 16 December 2019; Correspondence Address: Bréchet, L.; Centre of Excellence PLECO (Plant and Ecosystems), Department of Biology, University of AntwerpBelgium; email: laeti.brechet@gmail.com |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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899 |
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Ziegler, C.; Coste, S.; Stahl, C.; Delzon, S.; Levionnois, S.; Cazal, J.; Cochard, H.; Esquivel-Muelbert, A.; Goret, J.-Y.; Heuret, P.; Jaouen, G.; Santiago, L.S.; Bonal, D. |
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Large hydraulic safety margins protect Neotropical canopy rainforest tree species against hydraulic failure during drought |
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Journal Article |
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2019 |
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Annals of Forest Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ann. Forest Sci. |
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76 |
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4 |
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115 |
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Amazon rainforest; Embolism resistance; Hydraulic safety margins; Turgor loss point; Water potential |
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Key message: Abundant Neotropical canopy-tree species are more resistant to drought-induced branch embolism than what is currently admitted. Large hydraulic safety margins protect them from hydraulic failure under actual drought conditions. Context: Xylem vulnerability to embolism, which is associated to survival under extreme drought conditions, is being increasingly studied in the tropics, but data on the risk of hydraulic failure for lowland Neotropical rainforest canopy-tree species, thought to be highly vulnerable, are lacking. Aims: The purpose of this study was to gain more knowledge on species drought-resistance characteristics in branches and leaves and the risk of hydraulic failure of abundant rainforest canopy-tree species during the dry season. Methods: We first assessed the range of branch xylem vulnerability to embolism using the flow-centrifuge technique on 1-m-long sun-exposed branches and evaluated hydraulic safety margins with leaf turgor loss point and midday water potential during normal- and severe-intensity dry seasons for a large set of Amazonian rainforest canopy-tree species. Results: Tree species exhibited a broad range of embolism resistance, with the pressure threshold inducing 50% loss of branch hydraulic conductivity varying from − 1.86 to − 7.63 MPa. Conversely, we found low variability in leaf turgor loss point and dry season midday leaf water potential, and mostly large, positive hydraulic safety margins. Conclusions: Rainforest canopy-tree species growing under elevated mean annual precipitation can have high resistance to embolism and are more resistant than what was previously thought. Thanks to early leaf turgor loss and high embolism resistance, most species have a low risk of hydraulic failure and are well able to withstand normal and even severe dry seasons. © 2019, The Author(s). |
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Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Ancon, Panama |
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Springer |
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12864560 (Issn) |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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901 |
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Ghislain, B.; Alméras, T.; Prunier, J.; Clair, B. |
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Contributions of bark and tension wood and role of the G-layer lignification in the gravitropic movements of 21 tropical tree species |
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Journal Article |
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2019 |
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Annals of Forest Science |
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Ann. Forest Sci. |
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76 |
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4 |
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107 |
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Bark; Biomechanics; G-layer; Lignification; Tension wood; Tropical rainforest; Magnoliophyta |
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Key message: Gravitropic movements in angiosperm woody stems are achieved through the action of bark and/or wood motor, depending on the bark and wood fibre anatomy (with trellis structure or not; with G-layers or not). Bark motor is as efficient as wood motor to recover from tilting in young trees of 21 tropical species. Context: Angiosperm trees produce tension wood to control their orientation through changes in stem curvature. Tension wood is classified into 3 anatomical groups: with unlignified G-layer, with lignified G-layer and without G-layer. Aims: This study aimed at assessing whether this anatomical diversity reflects a diversity in efficiency of gravitropic movement. Methods: The study was conducted on tropical seedling from the three anatomical groups. Seedlings were staked and grown tilted. At the end of the experiment, changes in curvature when releasing the stem from the stake and when removing bark were measured. Three parameters were computed to compare the global efficiency of gravitropism (stem gravitropic efficiency) and the specific efficiency of motor mechanism based on wood (maturation strain of tension wood) and bark (standardized debarking curvature). Results: The maturation strain of tension wood was similar between species with unlignified and lignified G-layer. Species without G-layer exhibited low maturation strain and large debarking curvature, showing they rely on bark for gravitropism. Bark and wood achieved similar motor efficiency. Conclusion: Lignin does not affect the generation of tensile stress in the G-layer. Bark can be as efficient as wood as a motor of gravitropic movements. © 2019, The Author(s). |
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Laboratoire de Mécanique et Génie Civil (LMGC), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, 34095, France |
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Springer |
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12864560 (Issn) |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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900 |
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Barassé, V.; Touchard, A.; Téné, N.; Tindo, M.; Kenne, M.; Klopp, C.; Dejean, A.; Bonnafé, E.; Treilhou, M. |
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The peptide venom composition of the fierce stinging ant tetraponera aethiops (formicidae: Pseudomyrmecinae) |
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2019 |
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Toxins |
Abbreviated Journal |
Toxins |
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11 |
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12 |
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732 |
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Defensive venom; Dimeric peptides; Peptidome; Tetraponera aethiops |
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In the mutualisms involving certain pseudomyrmicine ants and different myrmecophytes (i.e., plants sheltering colonies of specialized “plant-ant” species in hollow structures), the ant venom contributes to the host plant biotic defenses by inducing the rapid paralysis of defoliating insects and causing intense pain to browsing mammals. Using integrated transcriptomic and proteomic approaches, we identified the venom peptidome of the plant-ant Tetraponera aethiops (Pseudomyrmecinae). The transcriptomic analysis of its venom glands revealed that 40% of the expressed contigs encoded only seven peptide precursors related to the ant venom peptides from the A-superfamily. Among the 12 peptide masses detected by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), nine mature peptide sequences were characterized and confirmed through proteomic analysis. These venom peptides, called pseudomyrmecitoxins (PSDTX), share amino acid sequence identities with myrmeciitoxins known for their dual offensive and defensive functions on both insects and mammals. Furthermore, we demonstrated through reduction/alkylation of the crude venom that four PSDTXs were homo- and heterodimeric. Thus, we provide the first insights into the defensive venom composition of the ant genus Tetraponera indicative of a streamlined peptidome. |
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CNRS, UMR EcoFoG, AgroParisTech, Cirad, INRA, Université des Antilles, Université de Guyane, Kourou, 97310, France |
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Mdpi Ag |
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20726651 (Issn) |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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902 |
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Denis, T.; Richard-Hansen, C.; Brunaux, O.; Guitet, S.; Hérault, B. |
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Birds of a feather flock together: Functionally similar vertebrates positively co-occur in Guianan forests |
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Journal Article |
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2019 |
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Ecosphere |
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Ecosphere |
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10 |
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3 |
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e02566 |
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activity matching; birds; Guiana Shield; information exchange; mammals; mixed-species associations; mutualism; terra firme rainforests |
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Medium- and large-sized vertebrates play a key role in shaping overall forest functioning. Despite this, vertebrate interactions, from competition to mutualism, remain poorly studied, even though these interactions should be taken into account in our conservation and management strategies. Thus, we tackled the question of vertebrate co-occurrence in tropical rainforests: Are (negative or positive) co-occurrences dependent on forest structure and composition? and Are these co-occurrences linked to functional species similarity? We recorded the occurrence of 21 medium- and large-sized vertebrates in 19 French Guianan locations in which a large set of forest structure and composition descriptors were collected. We used a probabilistic model to look for co-occurrences at different spatial scales, and species pairwise co-occurrences were then compared to those generated solely on the basis of forest structure and composition. We then quantified the co-occurrence strength between pairwise species dyads and determined whether they relied on species functional similarity, controlling for the environmental effects. We found that positive co-occurrences vastly outnumbered negative co-occurrences, were only partly shaped by the local environment, and were closely linked to species functional similarity. Thus, groups of species sharing similar functional traits are more prone to co-occur, highlighting the key role of functional redundancy in structuring species assemblages. We discuss how positive interactions could generate the predominance of positive co-occurrences in oligotrophic terra firme (unflooded) forests when resources are scarce and dispersed in dry season. Finally, we identified functional groups based on co-occurrence strength and suggested that frugivory/granivory and body size are of primary importance in species interactions in Neotropical vertebrate communities. © 2019 The Authors. |
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INPHB, Institut National Polytechnique Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Yamoussoukro, Cote d'Ivoire |
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Wiley-Blackwell |
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21508925 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 16 March 2020; Correspondence Address: Denis, T.; Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage, UMR EcoFoG (AgroParisTech, Cirad, CNRS, INRA, Université des Antilles, Université de Guyane)France; email: thomas.denis@ecofog.gf |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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924 |
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