| Records |
| Author |
Coq, S.; Weigel, J.; Butenschoen, O.; Bonal, D.; Hattenschwiler, S. |
Title  |
Litter composition rather than plant presence affects decomposition of tropical litter mixtures |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Plant and Soil |
Abbreviated Journal |
Plant Soil |
| Volume |
343 |
Issue |
1-2 |
Pages |
273-286 |
| Keywords |
Amazonian lowland rainforest; Belowground/aboveground interactions; Litter decomposition; Non-additive effect; Nitrogen dynamic; Plant-soil feedback |
| Abstract |
Litter decomposition is strongly controlled by litter quality, but the composition of litter mixtures and potential interactions with live plants through root activity may also influence decomposers. In a greenhouse experiment in French Guiana we studied the combined effects of the presence of tropical tree seedlings and of distinct litter composition on mass and nitrogen (N) loss from decomposing litter and on microbial biomass. Different litter mixtures decomposed for 435 days in pots filled with sand and containing an individual seedling from one of four different tree species. We found both additive and negative non-additive effects (NAE) of litter mixing on mass loss, whereas N loss showed negative and positive NAE of litter mixing. If litter from the two tree species, Platonia insignis and Goupia glabra were present, litter mixtures showed more positive and more negative NAE on N loss, respectively. Overall, decomposition, and in particular non-additive effects, were only weakly affected by the presence of tree seedlings. Litter mass loss weakly yet significantly decreased with increasing fine root biomass in presence of Goupia seedlings, but not in the presence of seedlings of any other tree species. Our results showed strong litter composition effects and also clear, mostly negative, non-additive effects on mass loss and N loss. Species identity of tree seedlings can modify litter decomposition, but these live plant effects remain quantitatively inferior to litter composition effects. |
| Address |
[Coq, Sylvain; Haettenschwiler, Stephan] CNRS, CEFE, F-34293 Montpellier 5, France, Email: sylvain.coq@gmail.com |
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Springer |
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0032-079x |
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ISI:000290688000020 |
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no |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
320 |
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| Author |
Roggy, J.C.; Nicolini, E.; Imbert, P.; Caraglio, Y.; Bosc, A.; Heuret, P. |
| Title |
Links between tree structure and functional leaf traits in the tropical forest tree Dicorynia guianensis Amshoff (Caesalpiniaceae) |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2005 |
Publication |
Annals of Forest Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ann. For. Sci. |
| Volume |
62 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
553-564 |
| Keywords |
Dicorynia guianensis; leaf structure; functional leaf traits; plasticity; tree structure |
| Abstract |
This study looked at the interactive effects of tree architectural stage of development (ASD) and light availability on different plant traits (growth parameters, leaf morpho-anatomy and photosynthetic capacities) in the tropical species Dicorynia guianensis. A qualitative architectural analysis was used to categorize tree individuals sampled along a natural light gradient. The results show that some traits could have an ASD-dependence at the whole plant and leaf level without control of light. The changes observed relate to vigour thresholds the plant has to reach to shift from one ASD to another (i.e., the number of nodes and the internodes length per Growth Unit). Light conditions do not modify these thresholds but may modify the time they are crossed. Tree height was found strongly modulated by light conditions; hence, at a similar height, individuals may belong to different ASD. At the functional level, a decrease in N-m, and A(maxm) was observed with increasing light availability, while N-a increased and A(maxa) remained unaffected. An ASD effect was also observed on Amaxa and LMA but not on Amaxm. These results demonstrated a weak ability of photosynthetic plasticity in response to light conditions, and that variations of leaf photosynthetic variables according to ASD can be explained by modifications in leaf nitrogen and LMA. Questions on the reliability of a height-based sampling strategy for evaluating the phenotypic plasticity of trees in relation to light conditions are raised. |
| Address |
INRA, Ecol Forets Guyane, ENGREF, UMR CIRAD, F-97387 Kourou, Guyane Francais, France, Email: roggy.j@cirad.fr |
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EDP SCIENCES S A |
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1286-4560 |
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ISI:000232084400009 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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229 |
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Levionnois, S.; Jansen, S.; Wandji, R.T.; Beauchêne, J.; Ziegler, C.; Coste, S.; Stahl, C.; Delzon, S.; Authier, L.; Heuret, P. |
| Title |
Linking drought-induced xylem embolism resistance to wood anatomical traits in Neotropical trees |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2021 |
Publication |
New Phytologist |
Abbreviated Journal |
New Phytol. |
| Volume |
229 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
1453-1466 |
| Keywords |
bordered pits; drought-induced embolism; pit membrane; transmission electron microscopy; tropical trees; vessel grouping; xylem anatomy |
| Abstract |
Drought-induced xylem embolism is considered to be one of the main factors driving mortality in woody plants worldwide. Although several structure–functional mechanisms have been tested to understand the anatomical determinants of embolism resistance, there is a need to study this topic by integrating anatomical data for many species. We combined optical, laser, and transmission electron microscopy to investigate vessel diameter, vessel grouping, and pit membrane ultrastructure for 26 tropical rainforest tree species across three major clades (magnoliids, rosiids, and asteriids). We then related these anatomical observations to previously published data on drought-induced embolism resistance, with phylogenetic analyses. Vessel diameter, vessel grouping, and pit membrane ultrastructure were all predictive of xylem embolism resistance, but with weak predictive power. While pit membrane thickness was a predictive trait when vestured pits were taken into account, the pit membrane diameter-to-thickness ratio suggests a strong importance of the deflection resistance of the pit membrane. However, phylogenetic analyses weakly support adaptive coevolution. Our results emphasize the functional significance of pit membranes for air-seeding in tropical rainforest trees, highlighting also the need to study their mechanical properties due to the link between embolism resistance and pit membrane diameter-to-thickness ratio. Finding support for adaptive coevolution also remains challenging. © 2020 The Authors New Phytologist © 2020 New Phytologist Foundation |
| Address |
UMR BIOGECO, INRAE, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, 33615, France |
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Blackwell Publishing Ltd |
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0028646x (Issn) |
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no |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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997 |
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Porth, I.; Scotti-Saintagne, C.; Barreneche, T.; Kremer, A.; Burg, K. |
| Title |
Linkage mapping of osmotic stress induced genes of oak |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2005 |
Publication |
Tree Genetics and Genomes |
Abbreviated Journal |
Tree Genet. Genomes |
| Volume |
1 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
31-40 |
| Keywords |
Est; Linkage map; Oak; Osmotic stress; Quercus ssp.; Fagaceae; Quercus; Quercus petraea; Quercus robur |
| Abstract |
Water stress affecting long-lived trees is an important challenge in forestry. Due to global climate change, forest trees will be threatened by extreme conditions like flooding or drought. It is necessary to understand differences in stress tolerance within certain species and to investigate putative relations on genomic level. In this study, osmotic stress induced genes of Quercus ssp. were positioned on two genetic linkage maps of oak. An intra-specific cross 3P*A4 of Quercus robur consisting of 88 offspring and an inter-specific cross 11P*QS29 of Q. robur and Q. petraea comprising 72 full-sibs were analyzed for the inheritance of 14 loci represented by 34 individual single nucleotide polymorphisms. Seven genes in the intra-cross, as well as other six genes in the inter-cross could be mapped and one gene could not be localised due to the severe distortion of the segregation. The collection of expressed sequences involved ribosomal proteins, members of the oxylase/oxygenase gene family, betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase, Dc3 promoter-binding factor, a putative member of the nodulin family, glutathione-S-transferase and proteins with unknown functions. In the inter-cross, two linked markers exhibited 89% deficiency of heterozygosity. Thirteen genes were positioned on ten different oak chromosomes and can serve as orthologous markers in comparative mapping studies within Fagaceae. © Springer-Verlag 2005. |
| Address |
INRA BIOGECO, 69 Route d'Arcachon, 33612 Cestas, France |
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16142942 (Issn) |
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Cited By (since 1996): 9; Export Date: 22 October 2011; Source: Scopus; doi: 10.1007/s11295-005-0005-1; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Burg, K.; Division of Biogenetics and Natural Resources, Austrian Research Center Seibersdorf, 2444 Seibersdorf, Austria; email: kornel.burg@arcs.ac.at |
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no |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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357 |
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| Author |
Degen, B.; Bandou, E.; Caron, H. |
| Title |
Limited pollen dispersal and biparental inbreeding in Symphonia globulifera in French Guiana |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2004 |
Publication |
Heredity |
Abbreviated Journal |
Heredity |
| Volume |
93 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
585-591 |
| Keywords |
gene flow; microsatellites; mixed mating; spatial autocorrelation; tropical tree; twogener |
| Abstract |
In this paper, we report a study of the mating system and gene flow of Symphonia globulifera, a hermaphroditic, mainly bird-pollinated tree species with a large geographic distribution in the tropical Americas and Africa. Using three microsatellites, we analysed 534 seeds of 28 open pollinated families and 164 adults at the experimental site 'Paracou' in French Guiana. We observed, compared to other tropical tree species, relatively high values for the effective number of alleles. Significant spatial genetic structure was detected, with trees at distances up to 150 m more genetically similar than expected at random. We estimated parameters of the mating system and gene flow by using the mixed mating model and the TwoGener approach. The estimated multilocus outcrossing rate, t(m), was 0.920. A significant level of biparental inbreeding and a high proportion of full-sibs were estimated for the 28 seed arrays. We estimated mean pollen dispersal distances between 27 and 53 m according to the dispersal models used. Although the adult population density of S. globulifera in Paracou was relatively high, the joint estimation of pollen dispersal and density of reproductive trees gave effective density estimates of 1.6 and 1.3 trees/ha. The parameters of the mating system and gene flow are discussed in the context of spatial genetic and demographic structures, flowering phenology and pollinator composition and behaviour. |
| Address |
BFH, Inst Forest Genet & Forest Tree Breeding, D-22927 Grosshansdorf, Germany, Email: b.degen@holz.uni-hamburg.de |
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NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP |
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0018-067X |
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ISI:000225354800009 |
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no |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
259 |
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Malé, P.-J.G.; Leroy, C.; Humblot, P.; Dejean, A.; Quilichini, A.; Orivel, J. |
| Title |
Limited gene dispersal and spatial genetic structure as stabilizing factors in an ant-plant mutualism |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Journal of Evolutionary Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Evol. Biol. |
| Volume |
29 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
2519-2529 |
| Keywords |
gene flow; local adaptation; metapopulation; myrmecophyte; population genetics |
| Abstract |
Comparative studies of the population genetics of closely associated species are necessary to properly understand the evolution of these relationships because gene flow between populations affects the partners' evolutionary potential at the local scale. As a consequence (at least for antagonistic interactions), asymmetries in the strength of the genetic structures of the partner populations can result in one partner having a co-evolutionary advantage. Here, we assess the population genetic structure of partners engaged in a species-specific and obligatory mutualism: the Neotropical ant-plant, Hirtella physophora, and its ant associate, Allomerus decemarticulatus. Although the ant cannot complete its life cycle elsewhere than on H. physophora and the plant cannot live for long without the protection provided by A. decemarticulatus, these species also have antagonistic interactions: the ants have been shown to benefit from castrating their host plant and the plant is able to retaliate against too virulent ant colonies. We found similar short dispersal distances for both partners, resulting in the local transmission of the association and, thus, inbred populations in which too virulent castrating ants face the risk of local extinction due to the absence of H. physophora offspring. On the other hand, we show that the plant populations probably experienced greater gene flow than did the ant populations, thus enhancing the evolutionary potential of the plants. We conclude that such levels of spatial structure in the partners' populations can increase the stability of the mutualistic relationship. Indeed, the local transmission of the association enables partial alignments of the partners' interests, and population connectivity allows the plant retaliation mechanisms to be locally adapted to the castration behaviour of their symbionts. |
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1420-9101 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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710 |
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Baraloto, C.; Ferreira, E.; Rockwell, C.; Walthier, F. |
| Title |
Limitations and Applications of Parataxonomy for Community Forest Management in Southwestern Amazonia |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Ethnobotany Research & Applications |
Abbreviated Journal |
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5 |
Issue |
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Pages |
77-84 |
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We examined the limitations of parataxonomic inventories for developing management plans for woody plant resources in tropical rain forests of southwestern Amazonia. Using compilations of herbarium labels, forest personnel interviews and published species descriptions, we assessed the accuracy of common names as parataxonomic units (PUs). We identified 384 common names for 310 harvested woody plant species in the Brazilian state of Acre, of which only 50% were unique to a single taxonomic species. About 10% of common names referred to more than one species, more than half of which included multiple genera. For the 106 species from the Acre sample common to the MAP region including Madre de Dios, Peru and Pando, Bolivia, we identified 198 common names. Splitting was much more frequent in this sample, with more than 80% of species having more than one common name. When the Acre sample was expanded to 131 species from the Brazilian Amazon region, including the states of Amazonas and Para, we identified 740 common names, with nearly 90% of species being represented by more than one common name. Errors and inaccuracy of parataxonomy may contribute to market instability if product orders can not be homogenized within regional markets, and to unsustainable harvests if species are mistakenly lumped into single parataxonomic units. We discuss several programs currently being implemented by our collaborative team in the region to address this issue, including field guides based on digital photography, field courses, and workshops featuring discussions between regional inventory personnel and botanists. |
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2008; Limitations and Applications of Parataxonomy for Community Forest Management in Southwestern Amazonia |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ 14 |
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214 |
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Biwolé, A.B.; Dainou, K.; Fayolle, A.; Hardy, O.J.; Brostaux, Y.; Coste, S.; Delion, S.; Betti, J.L.; Doucet, J.-L. |
| Title |
Light Response of Seedlings of a Central African Timber Tree Species, Lophira alata (Ochnaceae), and the Definition of Light Requirements |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Biotropica |
Abbreviated Journal |
Biotropica |
| Volume |
47 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
681-688 |
| Keywords |
biomass allocation; Central Africa; light requirement: Lophira alata; population; relative growth rate; seedling growth; timber species; Afrique centrale; allocation de biomasse; besoins en lumière; croissance des semis; bois d'œuvre; Lophira alata; population; taux de croissance relatif |
| Abstract |
Light is of primary importance in structuring tropical tree communities. Light exposure at seedling and adult stages has been used to characterize the ecological profile of tropical trees, with many implications in forest management and restoration ecology. Most shade-tolerance classification systems have been proposed based on empirical observations in a specific area and thus result in contradictions among categories assigned to a given species. In this study, we aimed to quantify the light requirements for seedling growth of a Central African timber tree, Lophira alata (Ochnaceae), taking into account effects of population origin. In two controlled experiments: a light response experiment and a comparative population experiment, conducted in southwestern Cameroon, using seeds collected from four populations (three from Cameroon and one from Gabon), we examined the quantitative responses to irradiance of seedlings. After 2 years, mortality was very low (<3%), even in extremely low irradiance. Growth and biomass allocation patterns varied in response to light, with intermediate irradiance (24–43%) providing optimal conditions. Light response differed between populations. The Boumba population in the northeastern edge of the species' distribution exhibited the highest light requirements, suggesting a local adaptation. As a result of positive growth at low irradiance and maximum growth at intermediate irradiance, we concluded that L. alata exhibits characteristics of both non-pioneer and pioneer species. Implications of our results to propose an objective way to assign the light requirement for tropical tree species are discussed. |
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1744-7429 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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648 |
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Scotti, I.; Montaigne, W.; Cseke, K.; Traissac, S. |
| Title |
Life after disturbance (II): the intermediate disturbance hypothesis explains genetic variation in forest gaps dominated by Virola michelii Heckel (Myristicaceae) |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Annals of Forest Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Annals of Forest Science |
| Volume |
72 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
1035-1042 |
| Keywords |
Amazon; Bayesian clustering; Demogenetics; Guiana shield; Parentage analysis; Regeneration; Spatial genetic structure; Tropical rainforest |
| Abstract |
Key message: Genetic diversity appears to be unaffected by disturbance in a stand of the light-demanding Neotropical treeV. michelii. Although spatial genetic structure is modified in post-disturbance cohorts, mixing of seeds from different mother trees in canopy gaps appears to efficiently maintain genetic admixture. Context: The interplay between genetic and demographic processes has major consequences on population viability. Population size affects demographic trends, while genetic diversity insures viability by reducing risks of inbreeding depression and by maintaining adaptive potential. Yet, the consequences of increases in census size (as opposed to effective size) on genetic diversity of forest populations are poorly known. Aims: We have studied the structure of genetic diversity in populations of saplings of the light-responsive tree, Virola michelii (Myristicaceae, the nutmeg family), in two plots having undergone different levels of canopy-gap opening disturbance. This allowed us to test the “intermediate disturbance” hypothesis, which generally applies to species diversity, at the intra-specific scale. Methods: Levels and distribution of genetic diversity were compared between plots and between life stages. Sapling parentage was analysed to infer each adult tree’s contribution to regeneration. Results: Genetic diversity was higher, and spatial genetic structure was stronger in the post-disturbance than in the control seedling population. Parentage analysis suggested that a limited number of parents contributed to most of the regeneration, but that efficient mixing of their progeny may have enhanced the diversity of saplings occupying canopy gaps. Conclusion: A mixture of demo-genetic processes may contribute to maintain genetic diversity in spite of, or possibly due to, ecosystem disturbance in V. michelii. © 2015, INRA and Springer-Verlag France. |
| Address |
Solicaz, Guyane Technopôle, 16 bis Rue du 14 Juillet, Cayenne, French Guiana |
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Export Date: 14 December 2015 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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642 |
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Leclerc, T.; Vimal, R.; Troispoux, V.; Périgon, S.; Scotti, I. |
| Title |
Life after disturbance (I): changes in the spatial genetic structure of Jacaranda copaia (Aubl.) D. Don (Bignonianceae) after logging in an intensively studied plot in French Guiana |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Annals of Forest Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Annals of Forest Science |
| Volume |
72 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
509-516 |
| Keywords |
Amazon; Bayesian clustering; Demogenetics; Guiana shield; Parentage analysis; Regeneration; Spatial genetic structure; Tropical rainforest |
| Abstract |
Key message: Forest disturbance affects the within-population distribution of genetic diversity, but not its overall levels, in a tropical pioneer tree species. In particular, clumps of related saplings with impoverished diversity are found in canopy gaps but not under forest cover. Context: Forest disturbances can have long-term consequences on the genetic structure of tree populations, because they can alter the demographic properties of the regeneration process and favour some subpopulations/genotypes, both by stochastic processes and by selection. Intermediate disturbances tend to favour species diversity, at least in highly diverse communities, but their effect on intra-specific diversity is unknown. Aims: In this study, we have looked at the genetic consequences of forest disturbance in a stand of the long-lived Neotropical pioneer species, Jacaranda copaia. Methods: The study site was experimentally logged in 1984, and the canopy gaps generated by the logging were mapped. Seedlings of J. copaia colonised the gaps, as expected, at a higher density than in the surrounding forest. In 2006, we exhaustively sampled all saplings and adult trees available in a 25-ha area. The samples were genotyped at nine microsatellite loci, and the distribution of genetic diversity was inspected by analyses of spatial autocorrelation, automated Bayesian assignment and comparisons of diversity between cohorts by bootstrap (RaBoT). Results: Spatial autocorrelation was found to extend farther in post-disturbance saplings than in the undisturbed population (100 m and beyond versus less than 50 m), and divergent clumps (F<inf>ST</inf> = 0.05) of related genotypes were found; genetic diversity was found to be impoverished in each clump relative to the global population at about half of the loci. Conclusion: Overall, our results suggest that forest disturbance has changed the patterns of distribution of genetic diversity, with potential consequences on long-term population viability. © 2015, INRA and Springer-Verlag France. |
| Address |
INRA, URFM « Ecologie des Forêts Méditerranéennes », Domaine de Saint-Paul, Avignon, France |
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Export Date: 16 July 2015 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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611 |
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