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Author Seibold, Sebastien ; Rammer, Werner ; Hothorn, Torsten ; Seidl, Rupert ; Ulyshen, Michael ; Lorz, Janina ; Cadotte, Marc ; Lindenmayer, David ; Adhikari, Yagya ; Aragón, Roxana ; Bae, Soyeon ; Baldrian, Petr ; Barimani Varandi, Hassan ; Barlow, Jos ; Bässler, Clauss ; Beauchêne, Jacques ; and all ................... doi  openurl
  Title (up) The contribution of insects to global forest deadwood decomposition Type Journal Article
  Year 2021 Publication Nature Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 597 Issue 7874 Pages 77-81  
  Keywords  
  Abstract The amount of carbon stored in deadwood is equivalent to about 8 per cent of the global forest carbon stocks1. The decomposition of deadwood is largely governed by climate2-5 with decomposer groups-such as microorganisms and insects-contributing to variations in the decomposition rates2,6,7. At the global scale, the contribution of insects to the decomposition of deadwood and carbon release remains poorly understood7. Here we present a field experiment of wood decomposition across 55 forest sites and 6 continents. We find that the deadwood decomposition rates increase with temperature, and the strongest temperature effect is found at high precipitation levels. Precipitation affects the decomposition rates negatively at low temperatures and positively at high temperatures. As a net effect-including the direct consumption by insects and indirect effects through interactions with microorganisms-insects accelerate the decomposition in tropical forests (3.9% median mass loss per year). In temperate and boreal forests, we find weak positive and negative effects with a median mass loss of 0.9 per cent and -0.1 per cent per year, respectively. Furthermore, we apply the experimentally derived decomposition function to a global map of deadwood carbon synthesized from empirical and remote-sensing data, obtaining an estimate of 10.9 ± 3.2 petagram of carbon per year released from deadwood globally, with 93 per cent originating from tropical forests. Globally, the net effect of insects may account for 29 per cent of the carbon flux from deadwood, which suggests a functional importance of insects in the decomposition of deadwood and the carbon cycle.  
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  Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 1046  
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Author Leroy, C.; Carrias, J.-F.; Céréghino, R.; Corbara, B. url  doi
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  Title (up) The contribution of microorganisms and metazoans to mineral nutrition in bromeliads Type Journal Article
  Year 2016 Publication Journal of Plant Ecology Abbreviated Journal Journal of Plant Ecology  
  Volume 9 Issue 3 Pages 241-255  
  Keywords digestive mutualism; insect-assisted nutrients; leaf δ15N; multiple N sources; myrmecotrophy  
  Abstract Aims One critical challenge for plants is to maintain an adequate nutrient supply under fluctuating environmental conditions. This is particularly true for epiphytic species that have limited or no access to the pedosphere and often live in harsh climates. Bromeliads have evolved key innovations such as epiphytism, water-absorbing leaf trichomes, tank habit and Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) photosynthesis that enable them to survive under various environmental conditions. Bromeliads encompass diverse ecological types that live on different substrates (they can be terrestrial, epilithic or epiphytic) and vary in their ability to retain water (they can be tank-forming or tankless) and photosynthetic pathway (i.e. C3 or CAM). In this review, we outline the nutritional modes and specializations that enable bromeliads to thrive in a wide range of nutrient-poor (mostly nitrogen-depleted) environments. Important Findings Bromeliads have evolved a great diversity of morphologies and functional adaptations leading to the existence of numerous nutritional modes. Focusing on species that have absorptive foliar trichomes, we review evidence that bromeliads have evolved multi-faceted nutritional strategies to respond to fluctuations in the supply of natural nitrogen (N). These plants have developed mutualistic associations with many different and functionally diverse terrestrial and aquatic microorganisms and metazoans that contribute substantially to their mineral nutrition and, thus, their fitness and survival. Bacterial and fungal microbiota-assisted N provisioning, protocarnivory, digestive mutualisms and myrmecotrophic pathways are the main strategies used by bromeliads to acquire nitrogen. The combination of different nutritional pathways in bromeliads represents an important adaptation enabling them to exploit nutrient-poor habitats. Nonetheless, as has been shown for several other vascular plants, multiple partners are involved in nutrient acquisition indicating that there have been convergent adaptations to nutrient scarcity. Finally, we point out some gaps in the current knowledge of bromeliad nutrition that offer fascinating research opportunities. © The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Botanical Society of China.  
  Address CNRS, EcoLab, 118 Route de Narbonne, Toulouse, France  
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  Notes Export Date: 28 June 2016 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 683  
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Author Maia, A.C.D.; Gibernau, M.; Carvalho, A.T.; Gonçalves, E.G.; Schlindwein, C. url  openurl
  Title (up) The cowl does not make the monk: Scarab beetle pollination of the Neotropical aroid Taccarum ulei (Araceae: Spathicarpeae) Type Journal Article
  Year 2013 Publication Biological Journal of the Linnean Society Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 108 Issue 1 Pages 22-34  
  Keywords Flower predation; Nocturnal pollinators; Pollination syndromes; Scarabaeidae; Thermogenesis  
  Abstract Taccarum ulei (Araceae, Spathicarpeae) is a seasonal geophytic aroid, native to north-eastern Brazil, that flowers during two months of the rainy season. Patterns of floral thermogenesis, pollination biology, and floral traits associated with pollination syndromes were studied and compared with those of other Araceae. Two species of cyclocephaline scarabs (Scarabaeidae, Cyclocephalini) were recognized as effective pollinators: Cyclocephala celata and Cyclocephala cearae. Larvae of an unidentified species of fruit fly (Melanolomaspp., Richardiidae, Diptera) were also frequently observed in inflorescences at various maturation stages, feeding on the connectives of male florets and fruits, and thus lowering the reproductive success of individual plants. Beetles were attracted by odoriferous inflorescences in the early evening of the first day of anthesis, during the female phase. The emission of attractive volatiles was coupled with intense thermogenic activity in the entire spadix, unlike other aroids in which only certain zones of the spadix heat up. Pollen release, which marks the beginning of the male phase on the subsequent evening, was not related to floral thermogenesis. Comparative multivariate analysis of the floral traits of T.ulei points to a beetle-pollinated aroid, although some of the observed traits of the species are not common to other taxa sharing this pollination strategy. Such incongruence might be explained by the evolutionary history of the tribe Spathicarpeae and potential pollinator shifts. © 2012 The Linnean Society of London.  
  Address Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Brazil  
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  Notes Export Date: 3 January 2013; Source: Scopus Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 453  
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Author Hudson, L.N.; Newbold, T.; Contu, S.; Hill, S.L.L.; Lysenko, I.; De Palma, A.; Phillips, H.R.P.; Alhusseini, T.I.; Bedford, F.E.; Bennett, D.J.; Booth, H.; Burton, V.J.; Chng, C.W.T.; Choimes, A.; Correia, D.L.P.; Day, J.; Echeverría-Londoño, S.; Emerson, S.R.; Gao, D.; Garon, M.; Harrison, M.L.K.; Ingram, D.J.; Jung, M.; Kemp, V.; Kirkpatrick, L.; Martin, C.D.; Pan, Y.; Pask-Hale, G.D.; Pynegar, E.L.; Robinson, A.N.; Sanchez-Ortiz, K.; Senior, R.A.; Simmons, B.I.; White, H.J.; Zhang, H.; Aben, J.; Abrahamczyk, S.; Adum, G.B.; Aguilar-Barquero, V.; Aizen, M.A.; Albertos, B.; Alcala, E.L.; del Mar Alguacil, M.; Alignier, A.; Ancrenaz, M.; Andersen, A.N.; Arbeláez-Cortés, E.; Armbrecht, I.; Arroyo-Rodríguez, V.; Aumann, T.; Axmacher, J.C.; Azhar, B.; Azpiroz, A.B.; Baeten, L.; Bakayoko, A.; Báldi, A.; Banks, J.E.; Baral, S.K.; Barlow, J.; Barratt, B.I.P.; Barrico, L.; Bartolommei, P.; Barton, D.M.; Basset, Y.; Batáry, P.; Bates, A.J.; Baur, B.; Bayne, E.M.; Beja, P.; Benedick, S.; Berg, Å.; Bernard, H.; Berry, N.J.; Bhatt, D.; Bicknell, J.E.; Bihn, J.H.; Blake, R.J.; Bobo, K.S.; Bóçon, R.; Boekhout, T.; Böhning-Gaese, K.; Bonham, K.J.; Borges, P.A.V.; Borges, S.H.; Boutin, C.; Bouyer, J.; Bragagnolo, C.; Brandt, J.S.; Brearley, F.Q.; Brito, I.; Bros, V.; Brunet, J.; Buczkowski, G.; Buddle, C.M.; Bugter, R.; Buscardo, E.; Buse, J.; Cabra-García, J.; Cáceres, N.C.; Cagle, N.L.; Calviño-Cancela, M.; Cameron, S.A.; Cancello, E.M.; Caparrós, R.; Cardoso, P.; Carpenter, D.; Carrijo, T.F.; Carvalho, A.L.; Cassano, C.R.; Castro, H.; Castro-Luna, A.A.; Rolando, C.B.; Cerezo, A.; Chapman, K.A.; Chauvat, M.; Christensen, M.; Clarke, F.M.; Cleary, D.F.R.; Colombo, G.; Connop, S.P.; Craig, M.D.; Cruz-López, L.; Cunningham, S.A.; D'Aniello, B.; D'Cruze, N.; da Silva, P.G.; Dallimer, M.; Danquah, E.; Darvill, B.; Dauber, J.; Davis, A.L.V.; Dawson, J.; de Sassi, C.; de Thoisy, B.; Deheuvels, O.; Dejean, A.; Devineau, J.-L.; Diekötter, T.; Dolia, J.V.; Domínguez, E.; Dominguez-Haydar, Y.; Dorn, S.; Draper, I.; Dreber, N.; Dumont, B.; Dures, S.G.; Dynesius, M.; Edenius, L.; Eggleton, P.; Eigenbrod, F.; Elek, Z.; Entling, M.H.; Esler, K.J.; de Lima, R.F.; Faruk, A.; Farwig, N.; Fayle, T.M.; Felicioli, A.; Felton, A.M.; Fensham, R.J.; Fernandez, I.C.; Ferreira, C.C.; Ficetola, G.F.; Fiera, C.; Filgueiras, B.K.C.; Fırıncıoğlu, H.K.; Flaspohler, D.; Floren, A.; Fonte, S.J.; Fournier, A.; Fowler, R.E.; Franzén, M.; Fraser, L.H.; Fredriksson, G.M.; Freire, G.B., Jr.; Frizzo, T.L.M.; Fukuda, D.; Furlani, D.; Gaigher, R.; Ganzhorn, J.U.; García, K.P.; Garcia-R, J.C.; Garden, J.G.; Garilleti, R.; Ge, B.-M.; Gendreau-Berthiaume, B.; Gerard, P.J.; Gheler-Costa, C.; Gilbert, B.; Giordani, P.; Giordano, S.; Golodets, C.; Gomes, L.G.L.; Gould, R.K.; Goulson, D.; Gove, A.D.; Granjon, L.; Grass, I.; Gray, C.L.; Grogan, J.; Gu, W.; Guardiola, M.; Gunawardene, N.R.; Gutierrez, A.G.; Gutiérrez-Lamus, D.L.; Haarmeyer, D.H.; Hanley, M.E.; Hanson, T.; Hashim, N.R.; Hassan, S.N.; Hatfield, R.G.; Hawes, J.E.; Hayward, M.W.; Hébert, C.; Helden, A.J.; Henden, J.-A.; Henschel, P.; Hernández, L.; Herrera, J.P.; Herrmann, F.; Herzog, F.; Higuera-Diaz, D.; Hilje, B.; Höfer, H.; Hoffmann, A.; Horgan, F.G.; Hornung, E.; Horváth, R.; Hylander, K.; Isaacs-Cubides, P.; Ishida, H.; Ishitani, M.; Jacobs, C.T.; Jaramillo, V.J.; Jauker, B.; Hernández, F.J.; Johnson, M.F.; Jolli, V.; Jonsell, M.; Juliani, S.N.; Jung, T.S.; Kapoor, V.; Kappes, H.; Kati, V.; Katovai, E.; Kellner, K.; Kessler, M.; Kirby, K.R.; Kittle, A.M.; Knight, M.E.; Knop, E.; Kohler, F.; Koivula, M.; Kolb, A.; Kone, M.; Kőrösi, Á.; Krauss, J.; Kumar, A.; Kumar, R.; Kurz, D.J.; Kutt, A.S.; Lachat, T.; Lantschner, V.; Lara, F.; Lasky, J.R.; Latta, S.C.; Laurance, W.F.; Lavelle, P.; Le Féon, V.; LeBuhn, G.; Légaré, J.-P.; Lehouck, V.; Lencinas, M.V.; Lentini, P.E.; Letcher, S.G.; Li, Q.; Litchwark, S.A.; Littlewood, N.A.; Liu, Y.; Lo-Man-Hung, N.; López-Quintero, C.A.; Louhaichi, M.; Lövei, G.L.; Lucas-Borja, M.E.; Luja, V.H.; Luskin, M.S.; MacSwiney G, M.C.; Maeto, K.; Magura, T.; Mallari, N.A.; Malone, L.A.; Malonza, P.K.; Malumbres-Olarte, J.; Mandujano, S.; Måren, I.E.; Marin-Spiotta, E.; Marsh, C.J.; Marshall, E.J.P.; Martínez, E.; Martínez Pastur, G.; Moreno Mateos, D.; Mayfield, M.M.; Mazimpaka, V.; McCarthy, J.L.; McCarthy, K.P.; McFrederick, Q.S.; McNamara, S.; Medina, N.G.; Medina, R.; Mena, J.L.; Mico, E.; Mikusinski, G.; Milder, J.C.; Miller, J.R.; Miranda-Esquivel, D.R.; Moir, M.L.; Morales, C.L.; Muchane, M.N.; Muchane, M.; Mudri-Stojnic, S.; Munira, A.N.; Muoñz-Alonso, A.; Munyekenye, B.F.; Naidoo, R.; Naithani, A.; Nakagawa, M.; Nakamura, A.; Nakashima, Y.; Naoe, S.; Nates-Parra, G.; Navarrete Gutierrez, D.A.; Navarro-Iriarte, L.; Ndang'ang'a, P.K.; Neuschulz, E.L.; Ngai, J.T.; Nicolas, V.; Nilsson, S.G.; Noreika, N.; Norfolk, O.; Noriega, J.A.; Norton, D.A.; Nöske, N.M.; Nowakowski, A.J.; Numa, C.; O'Dea, N.; O'Farrell, P.J.; Oduro, W.; Oertli, S.; Ofori-Boateng, C.; Oke, C.O.; Oostra, V.; Osgathorpe, L.M.; Otavo, S.E.; Page, N.V.; Paritsis, J.; Parra-H, A.; Parry, L.; Pe'er, G.; Pearman, P.B.; Pelegrin, N.; Pélissier, R.; Peres, C.A.; Peri, P.L.; Persson, A.S.; Petanidou, T.; Peters, M.K.; Pethiyagoda, R.S.; Phalan, B.; Philips, T.K.; Pillsbury, F.C.; Pincheira-Ulbrich, J.; Pineda, E.; Pino, J.; Pizarro-Araya, J.; Plumptre, A.J.; Poggio, S.L.; Politi, N.; Pons, P.; Poveda, K.; Power, E.F.; Presley, S.J.; Proença, V.; Quaranta, M.; Quintero, C.; Rader, R.; Ramesh, B.R.; Ramirez-Pinilla, M.P.; Ranganathan, J.; Rasmussen, C.; Redpath-Downing, N.A.; Reid, J.L.; Reis, Y.T.; Rey Benayas, J.M.; Rey-Velasco, J.C.; Reynolds, C.; Ribeiro, D.B.; Richards, M.H.; Richardson, B.A.; Richardson, M.J.; Ríos, R.M.; Robinson, R.; Robles, C.A.; Römbke, J.; Romero-Duque, L.P.; Rös, M.; Rosselli, L.; Rossiter, S.J.; Roth, D.S.; Roulston, T.H.; Rousseau, L.; Rubio, A.V.; Ruel, J.-C.; Sadler, J.P.; Sáfián, S.; Saldaña-Vázquez, R.A.; Sam, K.; Samnegård, U.; Santana, J.; Santos, X.; Savage, J.; Schellhorn, N.A.; Schilthuizen, M.; Schmiedel, U.; Schmitt, C.B.; Schon, N.L.; Schüepp, C.; Schumann, K.; Schweiger, O.; Scott, D.M.; Scott, K.A.; Sedlock, J.L.; Seefeldt, S.S.; Shahabuddin, G.; Shannon, G.; Sheil, D.; Sheldon, F.H.; Shochat, E.; Siebert, S.J.; Silva, F.A.B.; Simonetti, J.A.; Slade, E.M.; Smith, J.; Smith-Pardo, A.H.; Sodhi, N.S.; Somarriba, E.J.; Sosa, R.A.; Soto Quiroga, G.; St-Laurent, M.-H.; Starzomski, B.M.; Stefanescu, C.; Steffan-Dewenter, I.; Stouffer, P.C.; Stout, J.C.; Strauch, A.M.; Struebig, M.J.; Su, Z.; Suarez-Rubio, M.; Sugiura, S.; Summerville, K.S.; Sung, Y.-H.; Sutrisno, H.; Svenning, J.-C.; Teder, T.; Threlfall, C.G.; Tiitsaar, A.; Todd, J.H.; Tonietto, R.K.; Torre, I.; Tóthmérész, B.; Tscharntke, T.; Turner, E.C.; Tylianakis, J.M.; Uehara-Prado, M.; Urbina-Cardona, N.; Vallan, D.; Vanbergen, A.J.; Vasconcelos, H.L.; Vassilev, K.; Verboven, H.A.F.; Verdasca, M.J.; Verdú, J.R.; Vergara, C.H.; Vergara, P.M.; Verhulst, J.; Virgilio, M.; Vu, L.V.; Waite, E.M.; Walker, T.R.; Wang, H.-F.; Wang, Y.; Watling, J.I.; Weller, B.; Wells, K.; Westphal, C.; Wiafe, E.D.; Williams, C.D.; Willig, M.R.; Woinarski, J.C.Z.; Wolf, J.H.D.; Wolters, V.; Woodcock, B.A.; Wu, J.; Wunderle, J.M., Jr.; Yamaura, Y.; Yoshikura, S.; Yu, D.W.; Zaitsev, A.S.; Zeidler, J.; Zou, F.; Collen, B.; Ewers, R.M.; Mace, G.M.; Purves, D.W.; Scharlemann, J.P.W.; Purvis, A. pdf  url
doi  openurl
  Title (up) The database of the PREDICTS (Projecting Responses of Ecological Diversity In Changing Terrestrial Systems) project Type Journal Article
  Year 2017 Publication Ecology and Evolution Abbreviated Journal Ecology and Evolution  
  Volume 7 Issue 1 Pages 145-188  
  Keywords data sharing; global biodiversity modeling; global change; habitat destruction; land use  
  Abstract The PREDICTS project—Projecting Responses of Ecological Diversity In Changing Terrestrial Systems (www.predicts.org.uk)—has collated from published studies a large, reasonably representative database of comparable samples of biodiversity from multiple sites that differ in the nature or intensity of human impacts relating to land use. We have used this evidence base to develop global and regional statistical models of how local biodiversity responds to these measures. We describe and make freely available this 2016 release of the database, containing more than 3.2 million records sampled at over 26,000 locations and representing over 47,000 species. We outline how the database can help in answering a range of questions in ecology and conservation biology. To our knowledge, this is the largest and most geographically and taxonomically representative database of spatial comparisons of biodiversity that has been collated to date; it will be useful to researchers and international efforts wishing to model and understand the global status of biodiversity. © 2016 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.  
  Address Computational Ecology and Environmental Science, Microsoft Research, Cambridge, United Kingdom  
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  Notes Export Date: 17 January 2017 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 705  
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Author Marcon, E.; Herault, B.; Baraloto, C.; Lang, G. url  doi
openurl 
  Title (up) The decomposition of Shannon's entropy and a confidence interval for beta diversity Type Journal Article
  Year 2012 Publication Oikos Abbreviated Journal Oikos  
  Volume 121 Issue 4 Pages 516-522  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Beta diversity is among the most employed theoretical concepts in ecology and biodiversity conservation. Up to date, a self-contained definition of it, with no reference to alpha and gamma diversity, has never been proposed. Using Kullback-Leibler divergence, we present the explicit formula of Shannon's β entropy, a bias correction for its estimator and a confidence interval. We also provide the mathematical framework to decompose Shannon diversity into several hierarchical nested levels. From botanical inventories of tropical forest plots in French Guiana, we estimate Shannon diversity at the plot, forest and regional level. We believe this is a complete and usefulness toolbox for ecologists interested in partitioning biodiversity. © 2011 The Authors. Oikos © 2012 Nordic Society Oikos.  
  Address AgroParisTech, UMR 518 Math. Info. Appli., 16 rue Claude Bernard, FR-75005 Paris, France  
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  ISSN 00301299 (Issn) ISBN Medium  
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  Notes Export Date: 28 March 2012; Source: Scopus; Coden: Oiksa; doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0706.2011.19267.x; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Marcon, E.; AgroParisTech, UMR EcoFoG, BP 709, FR-97310 Kourou, France; email: eric.marcon@ecofog.gf Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 386  
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Author McLean, J.P.; Zhang, T.; Bardet, S.; Beauchene, J.; Thibaut, A.; Clair, B.; Thibaut, B. openurl 
  Title (up) The decreasing radial wood stiffness pattern of some tropical trees growing in the primary forest is reversed and increases when they are grown in a plantation Type Journal Article
  Year 2011 Publication Annals of Forest Science Abbreviated Journal Ann. For. Sci.  
  Volume 68 Issue 4 Pages 681-688  
  Keywords Tropical trees; Growth strategy; Wood stiffness; Juvenile wood  
  Abstract Background This study examines the radial trend in wood stiffness of tropical rainforest trees. The objective was to determine if the type of growing environment (exposed plantation or dense primary forest) would have an effect on this radial trend. Methods The axial elastic modulus of wood samples, representing a pith to bark cross-section, of six trees from several French Guianese species (two of Eperua falcata, one of Eperua grandiflora, two of Carapa procera and one of Symphonia gloubulifera) was measured using a dynamic “forced vibration” method. Results Primary forest trees were observed to have a decrease in wood stiffness from pith to bark, whereas plantation trees, from the same genus or species, displayed a corresponding increase in wood stiffness. Juvenile wood stiffness appears to vary depending on the environment in which the tree had grown. Conclusion We suggest that the growth strategy of primary forest trees is to produce wood resistant to self-buckling so that the height of the canopy may be obtained with the maximum of efficiency. In contrast, the growth strategy of the trees growing in an exposed plantation is to produce low-stiffness wood, important to provide flexibility in wind. Further experiments to study the behaviour of more species, with more individuals per species, growing across a range of physical environments, are required.  
  Address [McLean, JP; Bardet, S; Clair, B; Thibaut, B] Univ Montpellier 2, LMGC, CNRS, F-34095 Montpellier, France, Email: p.mclean@auckland.ac.nz  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Springer France Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1286-4560 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes WOS:000292553400003 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 326  
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Author Salas-Lopez, A.; Talaga, S.; Lalague, H. doi  openurl
  Title (up) The discovery of devil's gardens: An ant-plant mutualism in the cloud forests of the Eastern Amazon Type Journal Article
  Year 2016 Publication Journal of Tropical Ecology Abbreviated Journal Journal of Tropical Ecology  
  Volume 32 Issue 3 Pages 264-268  
  Keywords ant-plant interactions; biogeography; cloud forest; Cordia nodosa; mutualism, Myrmelachista; refuge hypothesis  
  Abstract Devil's gardens are one of the most remarkable mutualistic associations between ants and plants. Myrmelachista ants eliminate all vegetation from around their host plants, resulting in wide forest clearings which have intrigued scientists from the start. Despite their noticeability, here we report the discovery of devil's gardens in remote highland cloud forests of the Eastern Amazon, more than 2000 km away from their nearest known analogues in Western Amazonia. We describe the ecological characteristics of these gardens and consider what factors could have produced the geographic isolation of Eastern Amazonian devil's gardens. Three hypotheses are investigated: (1) the host plant distribution restricts the distribution of the mutualism, (2) the ecological tolerances of Myrmelachista explain the isolation, and (3) the devil's gardens of the Eastern Amazon constitute relicts from ancient forest refugia. The distribution of the possible associated myrmecophytes and previously described ecological ranges of devil's gardens cannot explain their ecological restriction to cloud forests in Eastern Amazonia, but our discovery is consistent with the biogeographic refuge hypothesis (i.e. highlands along the Amazon Basin constitute refugia for humid forests that spread during the Cenozoic). Our finding opens exciting perspectives for comparative studies of the origin, ecology and evolutionary history of this ant-plant mutualism. Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2016.  
  Address INRA, UMR, EcoFoG, Campus Agronomique, BP 316, Kourou Cedex, France  
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  Notes Export Date: 1 September 2016 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 691  
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Author Orivel, J.; Leroy, C. openurl 
  Title (up) The diversity and ecology of ant gardens (Hymenoptera: Formicidae; Spermatophyta: Angiospermae) Type Journal Article
  Year 2011 Publication Myrmecological News Abbreviated Journal Myrmecol. News  
  Volume 14 Issue Pages 73-85  
  Keywords Ant-plant interactions; epiphytes; mutualisms; Neotropics; Paleotropics; phytotelm; parabiosis; seed dispersal; review  
  Abstract Mutualistic interactions between ants and plants are important features of many ecosystems, and they can be divided into three main categories: dispersal and protective mutualisms and myrmecotrophy. In both the Neotropics and the Southeastern Asian Paleotropics, ant gardens (AGs), a particular type of ant-plant interaction, are frequent. To initiate AGs, ants integrate the seeds of certain epiphyte species into the carton of their nest. The development of the plants leads to the formation of a cluster of epiphytes rooted in the carton. They have been defined as one of the most complex associations between ants and plants known because of the plurispecific, but also specialized nature of the association involving several phylogenetically-distant ant and plant species. The aim of this review is to provide a synthesis of the diversity and ecology of AGs, including the outcomes experienced by the partners in the interaction and the direct and indirect impacts ant-garden ants have on the plant and arthropod communities.  
  Address [Orivel, Jerome; Leroy, Celine] CNRS, UMR Ecol Forets Guyane, Kourou 97379, French Guiana, Email: jerome.orivel@ecofog.gf  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher OESTERREICHISCHE GESELL ENTOMOFAUNISTIK, C/O NATURHISTOR MUSEUM WIEN Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
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  ISSN 1994-4136 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes ISI:000286844100009 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 292  
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Author Dejean, A.; Azémar, F.; Céréghino, R.; Leponce, M.; Corbara, B.; Orivel, J.; Compin, A. url  doi
openurl 
  Title (up) The dynamics of ant mosaics in tropical rainforests characterized using the Self-Organizing Map algorithm Type Journal Article
  Year 2016 Publication Insect Science Abbreviated Journal Insect Science  
  Volume 23 Issue 4 Pages 630-637  
  Keywords ant plant relationships; dynamics of associations; myrmecophytes; tropical rainforests  
  Abstract Ants, the most abundant taxa among canopy-dwelling animals in tropical rainforests, are mostly represented by territorially dominant arboreal ants (TDAs) whose territories are distributed in a mosaic pattern (arboreal ant mosaics). Large TDA colonies regulate insect herbivores, with implications for forestry and agronomy. What generates these mosaics in vegetal formations, which are dynamic, still needs to be better understood. So, from empirical research based on 3 Cameroonian tree species (Lophira alata, Ochnaceae; Anthocleista vogelii, Gentianaceae; and Barteria fistulosa, Passifloraceae), we used the Self-Organizing Map (SOM, neural network) to illustrate the succession of TDAs as their host trees grow and age. The SOM separated the trees by species and by size for L. alata, which can reach 60 m in height and live several centuries. An ontogenic succession of TDAs from sapling to mature trees is shown, and some ecological traits are highlighted for certain TDAs. Also, because the SOM permits the analysis of data with many zeroes with no effect of outliers on the overall scatterplot distributions, we obtained ecological information on rare species. Finally, the SOM permitted us to show that functional groups cannot be selected at the genus level as congeneric species can have very different ecological niches, something particularly true for Crematogaster spp., which include a species specifically associated with B. fistulosa, nondominant species and TDAs. Therefore, the SOM permitted the complex relationships between TDAs and their growing host trees to be analyzed, while also providing new information on the ecological traits of the ant species involved. © 2015 Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences  
  Address Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, LMGE, BP 10448, Clermont-Ferrand, France  
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  Notes Export Date: 1 September 2016 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 689  
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Author Dejean, A.; Delabie, J.H.; Corbara, B.; Azémar, F.; Groc, S.; Orivel, J.; Leponce, M. pdf  url
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  Title (up) The ecology and feeding habits of the arboreal trap-jawed ant Daceton armigerum Type Journal Article
  Year 2012 Publication PloS one Abbreviated Journal PLoS ONE  
  Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages e37683  
  Keywords animal; ant; article; ecology; feeding behavior; Hemiptera; physiology; predation; Animals; Ants; Ecology; Feeding Behavior; Hemiptera; Predatory Behavior  
  Abstract Here we show that Daceton armigerum, an arboreal myrmicine ant whose workers are equipped with hypertrophied trap-jaw mandibles, is characterized by a set of unexpected biological traits including colony size, aggressiveness, trophobiosis and hunting behavior. The size of one colony has been evaluated at ca. 952,000 individuals. Intra- and interspecific aggressiveness were tested and an equiprobable null model used to show how D. armigerum colonies react vis-à-vis other arboreal ant species with large colonies; it happens that D. armigerum can share trees with certain of these species. As they hunt by sight, workers occupy their hunting areas only during the daytime, but stay on chemical trails between nests at night so that the center of their home range is occupied 24 hours a day. Workers tend different Hemiptera taxa (i.e., Coccidae, Pseudococcidae, Membracidae and Aethalionidae). Through group-hunting, short-range recruitment and spread-eagling prey, workers can capture a wide range of prey (up to 94.12 times the mean weight of foraging workers).  
  Address Écologie des Forêts de Guyane, Campus Agronomique, Kourou, France.  
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  ISSN 19326203 (Issn) ISBN Medium  
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  Notes Export Date: 2 November 2012; Source: Scopus; doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0037683; PubMed ID: 22737205; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Dejean, A.email: alain.dejean@wanadoo.fr Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 443  
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