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Woolfit, M.; Iturbe-Ormaetxe, I.; Brownlie, J.C.; Walker, T.; Riegler, M.; Seleznev, A.; Popovici, J.; Rancès, E.; Wee, B.A.; Pavlides, J.; Sullivan, M.J.; Beatson, S.A.; Lane, A.; Sidhu, M.; McMeniman, C.J.; McGraw, E.A.; O'Neill, S.L. |
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Genomic evolution of the pathogenic Wolbachia strain, wMelPop |
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2013 |
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Genome Biology and Evolution |
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Genome Biolog. Evol. |
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5 |
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11 |
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2189-2204 |
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Endosymbiont; Evolution; Genomics; Wolbachia |
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Most strains of the widespread endosymbiotic bacterium Wolbachia pipientis are benign or behave as reproductive parasites. The pathogenic strain wMelPop is a striking exception, however: it overreplicates in its insect hosts and causes severe life shortening. The mechanism of this pathogenesis is currently unknown. We have sequenced the genomes of three variants of wMelPop and of the closely related nonpathogenic strain wMelCS. We show that the genomes of wMelCS and wMelPop appear to be identical in the nonrepeat regions of the genome and differ detectably only by the triplication of a 19-kb region that is unlikely to be associated with life shortening, demonstrating that dramatic differences in the host phenotype caused by this endosymbiont may be the result of only minor genetic changes. We also compare the genomes of the original wMelPop strain from Drosophila melanogaster and two sequentialderivatives, wMelPop-CLA and wMelPop-PGYP. To develop wMelPop as a novel biocontrol agent, it was first transinfected into and passaged in mosquito cell lines for approximately 3.5 years, generating wMelPop-CLA. This cell line-passaged strain was then transinfected into Aedesaegypti mosquitoes, creating wMelPop-PGYP,which wassequenced after 4yearsin the insecthost. We observe a rapid burst of genomic changes during cell line passaging, but no further mutations were detected after transinfection into mosquitoes, indicating either that host preadaptation had occurred in cell lines, that cell lines are a more selectively permissive environment than animal hosts, or both. Our results provide valuable data on the rates of genomic and phenotypic change in Wolbachia associated with host shifts over short time scales. © The Author(s) 2013. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution. |
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Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia |
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Export Date: 9 February 2014; Source: Scopus; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: O'Neill, S.L.; School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; email: scott.oneill@monash.edu; Funding Details: NIH, National Institutes of Health |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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527 |
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Houel, E.; Rodrigues, A.M.S.; Jahn-Oyac, A.; Bessière, J.-M.; Eparvier, V.; Deharo, E.; Stien, D. |
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In vitro antidermatophytic activity of Otacanthus azureus (Linden) Ronse essential oil alone and in combination with azoles |
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2014 |
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Journal of Applied Microbiology |
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J. Appl. Microbiol. |
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116 |
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2 |
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288-294 |
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Antifungal activity; Azoles; Dermatophytes; Essential oil; Otacanthus azureus; Synergy |
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Aims: We determined the chemical composition and investigated the antifungal activity of Otacanthus azureus (Linden) Ronse essential oil (EO) against a range of dermatophytes alone or in combination with azole antifungals. Methods and Results: Aerial parts of the plant were steam-distilled and the obtained oil was analysed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and 1H-NMR. It was shown to be largely composed of sesquiterpenes, with the main component being β-copaen-4-α-ol. Using broth microdilution techniques, this oil was found to have remarkable in vitro antifungal activities. Minimum inhibitory concentrations as low as 4 μg ml-1 were recorded. The analysis of the combined effect of the O. azureus EO with azoles using chequerboard assays revealed a synergism between the EO and ketoconazole, fluconazole or itraconazole against Trichophyton mentagrophytes. Notably, the O. azureus essential oil showed low cytotoxicity to VERO cells. Conclusions: The O. azureus essential oil alone or in combination with azoles is a promising antifungal agent in the treatment for human dermatomycoses caused by filamentous fungi. Significance and Impact of the Study: There is much interest in the study of essential oils for the discovery of new antimicrobial drugs. This study has highlighted the antidermatophytic activity of the O. azureus EO. © 2013 The Society for Applied Microbiology. |
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Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UMR 152 Pharma-DEV, Toulouse, France |
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13645072 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 9 February 2014; Source: Scopus; Coden: Jamif; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Houël, E.; CNRS – UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane (EcoFoG), Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, 23 Avenue Pasteur, BP6010, 97306 Cayenne Cedex, French Guiana; email: emeline.houel@ecofog.gf |
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Salhi, L.; Nait-Rabah, O.; Deyrat, C.; Roos, C. |
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Numerical Modeling of Single Helical Pile Behavior under Compressive Loading in Sand |
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2013 |
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Electronic Journal of Geotechnical Engineering |
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Electron. J. Geotech. Eng. |
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18 |
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Bundle T |
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4119-4338 |
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helical pile; finite element method; failure mechanisms; sand |
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The present research deals with helical piles behavior in cohesionless soil through finite element modeling. An approach of modeling of the screw-pile geometry has been proposed through the Finite Element Analysis (FEA) computer program Plaxis. The numerical results are compared with measurements from large scale test and the bearing capacity has been estimated using both cylindrical and individual bearing model. Moreover, different failure criterions have been applied to estimate the ultimate capacity. The effect of spacing ratio (S/Dh) on the screw-pile behavior has been further studied. It has found that results from the model fit the field results. Through the study of the load transfer mechanism, the transition from cylindrical shear to individual plate behavior occurs at a value of spacing ratio (1.5 to 2). |
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Laboratoire des matériaux et molécules en milieu amazonien, EcoFoG-Université des Antilles-Guyane, 97351 Cayenne, French Guiana |
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Groc, S.; Delabie, J.H.C.; Fernández, F.; Leponce, M.; Orivel, J.; Silvestre, R.; Vasconcelos, H.L.; Dejean, A. |
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Leaf-litter ant communities in a pristine Guianese rainforest: stable functional structure versus high species turnover |
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2013 |
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Myrmecological News |
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Myrmecol. News |
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19 |
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43-51 |
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Perrin, A.-S.; Fujisaki, K.; Petitjean, C.; Sarrazin, M.; Godet, M.; Garric, B.; Horth, J.-C.; Balbino, L.C.; Filho, A.S.; de Almeida Machado, P.L.O.; Brossard, M. |
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Conversion of forest to agriculture in Amazonia with the chop-and-mulch method: Does it improve the soil carbon stock? |
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2014 |
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Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment |
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Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. |
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184 |
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101-114 |
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Annual crops; Brachiaria; Deforestation; Fire-free; French Guiana; No-tillage |
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Fire-free forest conversion with organic inputs as an alternative to slash-and-burn could improve agro-ecosystem sustainability. We assessed soil carbon mass changes in a sandy-clayey and well-drained soil in French Guiana after forest clearing by the chop-and-mulch method and crop establishment. At the experimental site of Combi, native forest was cut down in October 2008; woody biomass was chopped and incorporated into the top 20cm of soil. After about one year of legume and grass cover, three forms of land management were compared: grassland (Urochloa ruziziensis), maize/soybean crop rotation with disk tillage and in direct seeding without tillage. There were four replicates. We measured 14.16kgm-2 of carbon in 2mm-sieved soil down to 2m depth for the initial forest. Forest clearing did not induce significant soil compaction; neither did any specific agricultural practice. In converted soils, C stocks were measured in the 0-30cm layer after each crop for three years. Carbon mass changes for soil fractions <2mm (soil C stock) and >2mm (soil C pool) in the 0-5, 5-10, 10-20 and 20-30cm soil layers were assessed on an equivalent soil mass basis. One year and 1.5 years after deforestation, higher C stocks (+0.64 to 1.16kgCm-2yr-1) and C pools (+0.52 to 0.90kgCm-2yr-1) were measured in converted soils, compared to those of the forest into the top 30cm of soil. However, the masses of carbon in these converted soils declined later. The highest rates of carbon decrease were measured between 1.5 and 2 years after forest conversion in the <2mm soil fraction, from 0.46kgCm-2yr-1 (in grassland soils) to 0.71kgCm-2yr-1 (in cropland under no tillage). The carbon pool declined during the third year at rates of 0.41kgCm-2yr-1 (cropland under disk tillage) to 0.76kgCm-2yr-1 (grassland soils). Three years after forest conversion, C masses in the top 30cm of soils for grassland showed similar values than for forest. In comparison, the carbon stock in cropped soils managed under no tillage in direct seeding (without mulch) was significantly 17% and 16% lower than in forest and grassland soils, respectively. None of the studied agricultural practices succeeded in accumulating carbon from the chopped forest biomass. © 2013 Elsevier B.V. |
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EMBRAPA Arroz e Feijao, Cx Postal 179, CEP 75375-000 Santo Antonio de Goias, GO, Brazil |
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Export Date: 2 January 2014; Source: Scopus; Coden: Aeend; doi: 10.1016/j.agee.2013.11.009 |
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Fortunel, C.; Paine, C.E.T.; Fine, P.V.A.; Kraft, N.J.B.; Baraloto, C. |
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Environmental factors predict community functional composition in Amazonian forests |
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2014 |
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Journal of Ecology |
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J. Ecol. |
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102 |
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1 |
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145-155 |
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Amazonian landscape; Climatic and soil gradients; Determinants of plant community diversity and structure; Environmental filtering; Functional traits; Tree communities; Tropical forests |
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The consequences of biodiversity loss for ecosystem services largely depend on the functional identities of extirpated species. However, poor descriptions of spatial patterns of community functional composition across landscapes hamper accurate predictions, particularly in highly diverse tropical regions. Therefore, understanding how community functional composition varies across environmental gradients remains an important challenge. We sampled 15 functional traits in 800 Neotropical tree species across 13 forest plots representative of the broad climatic and soil gradients encompassed by three widespread lowland forest habitats (terra firme forests on clay-rich soils, seasonally flooded forests and white-sand forests) at opposite ends of Amazonia (Peru and French Guiana). We combined univariate and multivariate approaches to test the magnitude and predictability of environmental filtering on community leaf and wood functional composition. Directional shifts in community functional composition correlated with environmental changes across the 13 plots, with denser leaves, stems and roots in forests occurring in environments with limited water and soil-nutrient availability. Critically, these relationships allowed us to accurately predict the functional composition of 61 additional forest plots from environmental data alone. Synthesis. Environmental filtering consistently shapes the functional composition of highly diverse tropical forests at large scales across the terra firme, seasonally flooded and white-sand forests of lowland Amazonia. Environmental factors drive and allow the prediction of variation in community functional composition among habitat types in Amazonian forests. © 2013 British Ecological Society. |
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Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, United States |
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00220477 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 31 December 2013; Source: Scopus; Coden: Jecoa; doi: 10.1111/1365-2745.12160; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Fortunel, C.; INRA, UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane, BP 709, Kourou Cedex, 97387, France; email: claire.fortunel@ecofog.gf; Funding Details: DEB-0743103/0743800, NSF, National Science Foundation; References: Agrawal, A.A., Fishbein, M., Plant defense syndromes (2006) Ecology, 87, pp. S132-S149; Anderson, L.O., Malhi, Y., Ladle, R.J., Aragao, L., Shimabukuro, Y., Phillips, O.L., Influence of landscape heterogeneity on spatial patterns of wood productivity, wood specific density and above ground biomass in Amazonia (2009) Biogeosciences, 6, pp. 1883-1902; Asner, G.P., Alencar, A., Drought impacts on the Amazon forest: the remote sensing perspective (2010) New Phytologist, 187, pp. 569-578; Asner, G.P., Loarie, S.R., Heyder, U., Combined effects of climate and land-use change on the future of humid tropical forests (2010) Conservation Letters, 3, pp. 395-403; Baraloto, C., Paine, C.E.T., Patiño, S., Bonal, D., Herault, B., Chave, J., Functional trait variation and sampling strategies in species-rich plant communities (2010) Functional Ecology, 24, pp. 208-216; Baraloto, C., Paine, C.E.T., Poorter, L., Beauchene, J., Bonal, D., Domenach, A.M., Hérault, B., Chave, J., Decoupled leaf and stem economics in rain forest trees (2010) Ecology Letters, 13, pp. 1338-1347; Baraloto, C., Rabaud, S., Molto, Q., Blanc, L., Fortunel, C., Hérault, B., Davila, N., Fine, P.V.A., Disentangling stand and environmental correlates of aboveground biomass in Amazonian forests (2011) Global Change Biology, 17, pp. 2677-2688; Baraloto, C., Molto, Q., Rabaud, S., Hérault, B., Valencia, R., Blanc, L., Fine, P.V.A., Thompson, J., Rapid simultaneous estimation of aboveground biomass and tree diversity across Neotropical forests: a comparison of field inventory methods (2013) Biotropica, 45, pp. 288-298; Belyea, L.R., Lancaster, J., Assembly rules within a contingent ecology (1999) Oikos, 86, pp. 402-416; Berry, S.L., Roderick, M.L., Estimating mixtures of leaf functional types using continental-scale satellite and climatic data (2002) Global Ecology and Biogeography, 11, pp. 23-39; Brando, P.M., Nepstad, D.C., Balch, J.K., Bolker, B., Christman, M.C., Coe, M., Putz, F.E., Fire-induced tree mortality in a neotropical forest: the roles of bark traits, tree size, wood density and fire behavior (2012) Global Change Biology, 18, pp. 630-641; Burnham, K.P., Anderson, D.R., Multimodel inference – understanding AIC and BIC in model selection (2004) Sociological Methods & Research, 33, pp. 261-304; Calcagno, V., de Mazancourt, C., glmulti: an R package for easy automated model selection with (generalized) linear models (2010) Journal of Statistical Software, 34, pp. 1-29; Chapin, F.S., BretHarte, M.S., Hobbie, S.E., Zhong, H.L., Plant functional types as predictors of transient responses of arctic vegetation to global change (1996) Journal of Vegetation Science, 7, pp. 347-358; Chaturvedi, R.K., Raghubanshi, A.S., Singh, J.S., Leaf attributes and tree growth in a tropical dry forest (2011) Journal of Vegetation Science, 22, pp. 917-931; Chave, J., Coomes, D., Jansen, S., Lewis, S.L., Swenson, N.G., Zanne, A.E., Towards a worldwide wood economics spectrum (2009) Ecology Letters, 12, pp. 351-366; Cingolani, A.M., Cabido, M., Gurvich, D.E., Renison, D., Diaz, S., Filtering processes in the assembly of plant communities: are species presence and abundance driven by the same traits? 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Clair, B.; Alteyrac, J.; Gronvold, A.; Espejo, J.; Chanson, B.; Alméras, T. |
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Patterns of longitudinal and tangential maturation stresses in Eucalyptus nitens plantation trees |
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2013 |
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Annals of Forest Science |
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Ann. Forest Sci. |
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8 |
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801-811 |
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Eucalyptus nitens; G-layer; Longitudinal maturation stress; Maturation strain; Tangential maturation stress; Tension wood |
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Context: Tree orientation is controlled by asymmetric mechanical stresses set during wood maturation. The magnitude of maturation stress differs between longitudinal and tangential directions, and between normal and tension woods. Aims: We aimed at evaluating patterns of maturation stress on eucalypt plantation trees and their relation with growth, with a focus on tangential stress evaluation. Methods: Released maturation strains along longitudinal and tangential directions were measured around the circumference of 29 Eucalyptus nitens trees, including both straight and leaning trees. Results: Most trees produced asymmetric patterns of longitudinal maturation strain, but more than half of the maturation strain variability occurred between trees. Many trees produced high longitudinal tensile stress all around their circumference. High longitudinal tensile stress was not systematically associated with the presence of gelatinous layer. The average magnitude of released longitudinal maturation strain was found negatively correlated to the growth rate. A methodology is proposed to ensure reliable evaluation of released maturation strain in both longitudinal and tangential directions. Tangential strain evaluated with this method was lower than previously reported. Conclusion: The stress was always tensile along the longitudinal direction and compressive along the tangential direction, and their respective magnitude was positively correlated. This correlation does not result from a Poisson effect but may be related to the mechanism of maturation stress generation. © 2013 # The Author(s) 2013. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com. |
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Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad de Concepcion, Ciudad Universitaria, Concepcion, Chile |
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Technol., 42, pp. 551-565. , 10.1007/s00226-008-0202-9 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXhtVOiu7jL; Jullien, D., Widmann, R., Loup, C., Thibaut, B., Relationship between tree morphology and growth stress in mature European beech stands (2013) Ann for Sci, 68, pp. 681-688; Kubler, H., Studies on growth stresses in trees – Part I: The origin of growth stresses and the stresses in transverse direction (1959) Holz Als Roh- Und Werkstoff, 17, pp. 1-9. , 10.1007/BF02608827; Kubler, H., Growth stresses in trees and related wood properties (1987) For. Abst., 48, pp. 131-189; Moulia, B., Coutand, C., Lenne, C., Posture control and skeletal mechanical acclimation in terrestrial plants: Implications for mechanical modelling of plant architecture (2006) Am J Bot, 93, pp. 1477-1489. , 21642095 10.3732/ajb.93.10.1477; Nicholson, J., A rapid method for estimating the longitudinal growth stress in logs (1971) Wood Sci. 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Bot., 20, pp. 9-26. , 10.1071/BT9720009 1:CAS:528:DyaE38XltFWksLk%3D; Yamamoto, H., Generation mechanism of growth stresses in wood cell walls: Roles of lignin deposition and cellulose microfibril during cell wall maturation (1998) Wood Sci. Technol., 32, pp. 171-182. , 1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXktlKhsb0%3D; Yamamoto, H., Abe, K., Arakawa, Y., Okuyama, T., Gril, J., Role of the gelatinous layer on the origin of the physical properties of the tension wood of Acer sieboldianum (2005) Wood Sci. Technol., 51, pp. 222-233. , 10.1007/s10086-004-0639-x 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXpslOqurs%3D; Yamamoto, H., Yoshida, M., Okuyama, T., Growth stress controls negative gravitropism in woody plant stems (2002) Planta, 216, pp. 280-292. , 12447542 10.1007/s00425-002-0846-x 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXktFOiug%3D%3D; Yang, J.L., Waugh, G., Growth stress, its measurement and effects (2001) Autr. For., 64, pp. 127-135; Yoshida, M., Ohta, H., Yamamoto, H., Okuyama, T., Tensile growth stress and lignin distribution in the cell walls of yellow poplar, Liriodendron tulipifera Linn (2002) Trees, 16, pp. 457-464. , 10.1007/s00468-002-0186-2 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XosFWltro%3D; Yoshida, M., Okuyama, T., Techniques for measuring growth stress (2002) Holzforschung, 56, pp. 461-467. , 10.1515/HF.2002.071 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XovVaru7c%3D |
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Lang, G.; Marcon, E. |
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Testing randomness of spatial point patterns with the Ripley statistic |
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2013 |
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ESAIM: Probability and Statistics |
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ESAIM PS |
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17 |
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767-788 |
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Central limit theorem, goodness-of-fit test, Höffding decomposition, null, point pattern, Poisson process, null |
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Aggregation patterns are often visually detected in sets of location data. These clusters may be the result of interesting dynamics or the effect of pure randomness. We build an asymptotically Gaussian test for the hypothesis of randomness corresponding to a homogeneous Poisson point process. We first compute the exact first and second moment of the Ripley K-statistic under the homogeneous Poisson point process model. Then we prove the asymptotic normality of a vector of such statistics for different scales and compute its covariance matrix. From these results, we derive a test statistic that is chi-square distributed. By a Monte-Carlo study, we check that the test is numerically tractable even for large data sets and also correct when only a hundred of points are observed |
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Dezerald, O.; Talaga, S.; Leroy, C.; Carrias, J.-F.; Corbara, B.; Dejean, A.; Céréghino, R. |
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Title |
Environmental determinants of macroinvertebrate diversity in small water bodies: Insights from tank-bromeliads |
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2014 |
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Hydrobiologia |
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Hydrobiologia |
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723 |
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1 |
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77-86 |
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Freshwater biodiversity; Linear mixed effect modelling; Microcosms; Phytotelmata; Ponds |
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The interlocking leaves of tank-forming bromeliads (Bromeliaceae) collect rainwater and detritus, thus creating a freshwater habitat for specialized organisms. Their abundance and the possibility of quantifying communities with accuracy give us unparalleled insight into how changes in local to regional environments influence community diversity in small water bodies. We sampled 365 bromeliads (365 invertebrate communities) along a southeastern to northwestern range in French Guiana. Geographic locality determined the species pool for bromeliad invertebrates, and local environments determined the abundance patterns through the selection of traits that are best adapted to the bromeliad habitats. Patterns in community structure mostly emerged from patterns of predator species occurrence and abundance across local-regional environments, while the set of detritivores remained constant. Water volume had a strong positive correlation with invertebrate diversity, making it a biologically relevant measure of the pools' carrying capacity. The significant effects of incoming detritus and incident light show that changes in local environments (e.g., the conversion of forest to cropping systems) strongly influence freshwater communities. Because changes in local environments do not affect detritivores and predators equally, one may expect functional shifts as sets of invertebrates with particular traits are replaced or complemented by other sets with different traits. © 2013 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht. |
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CNRS, EcoLab (UMR-CNRS 5245), 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France |
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Mony, R.; Dejean, A.; Bilong, C.F.B.; Kenne, M.; Rouland-Lefèvre, C. |
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Melissotarsus ants are likely able to digest plant polysaccharides |
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Journal Article |
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2013 |
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Comptes Rendus – Biologies |
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C. R. Biol. |
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336 |
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10 |
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500-504 |
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Ant-plant interactions; Degradation of plant material; Enzymatic activity; Melissotarsus ants |
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Melissotarsus ants have an extremely specialized set of behaviours. Both workers and gynes tunnel galleries in their host tree bark. Workers walk with their mesothoracic legs pointing upwards and tend Diaspididae hemiptera for their flesh. The ants use their forelegs to plug the galleries with silk that they secrete themselves. We hypothesised that the ants' energetic needs for nearly constant gallery digging could be satisfied through the absorption of host tree tissues; so, using basic techniques, we examined the digestive capacities of workers from two species. We show that workers are able to degrade oligosaccharides and heterosides as well as, to a lesser degree, polysaccharides. This is one of the rare reports on ants able to digest plant polysaccharides other than starch. © 2013 Académie des sciences. |
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IRD, UMR BIOEMCO-IBIOS, 32, rue Henri-Varagnat, 93143 Bondy cedex, France |
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Export Date: 6 December 2013; Source: Scopus; Coden: Crboc; doi: 10.1016/j.crvi.2013.08.003; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Dejean, A.; Université de Toulouse, UPS, Ecolab, 118, route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France; email: alain.dejean@wanadoo.fr; References: Hölldobler, B., Wilson, E.O., (1990) The Ants, , Harvard University Press Cambridge, MA, USA 730 p; Duchesne, L.C., Larson, D.W., Cellulose and the evolution of plant life (1989) BioScience, 39, pp. 238-241; Watanabe, H., Tokuda, G., Cellulolytic Systems in Insects (2010) Annu. Rev. Entomol., 55, pp. 609-632; Wenzel, M., Schonig, I., Berchtold, M., Kampfer, P., König, K., Aerobic and facultatively anaerobic cellulolytic bacteria from the gut of the Termite Zootermopsis angusticollis (2002) J. Appl. Microbiol., 92, pp. 32-40; Brune, A., Microbial symbioses in the digestive tract of lower termites (2011) Beneficial Microorganisms in Multicellular Life Forms, pp. 3-25. , E. Rosenberg, U. Gophna, Heidelberg Springer; Tokuda, G., Watanabe, H., Hidden cellulases in termites: Revision of an old hypothesis (2007) Biol. Lett., 3, pp. 336-339; Nobre, T., Aanen, D.K., Fungiculture or termite husbandry? The ruminant hypothesis (2012) Insects, 3, pp. 307-323; Zientz, E., Feldhaar, H., Stoll, S., Gross, R., Insights into the microbial world associated with ants (2005) Arch. Microbiol., 184, pp. 199-206; Aylward, F., Burnum, K.E., Scott, J.J., Suen, G., Tringe, S.G., Metagenomic and metaproteomic insights into bacterial communities in leaf-cutter ant fungus gardens (2012) ISME J., pp. 1-14; Cook, S.C., Davidson, D.W., Nutritional and functional biology of exudate-feeding ants (2006) Entomol. Exp. Appl., 118, pp. 1-10; He, H., Chen, Y., Zhang, Y., Wei, C., Bacteria associated with gut lumen of Camponotus japonicus Mayr (2011) Environ. Entomol., 40, pp. 1405-1409; Blochmann, F., Über das Vorkommen von bakterienähnlichen Gebilden in den Geweben und Eiern verschiedener Insekten (1892) Zentbl. Bakteriol., 11, pp. 234-240; Feldhaar, H., Straka, J., Krischke, M., Berthold, K., Stoll, S., Nutritional upgrading for omnivorous carpenter ants by the endosymbiont Blochmannia (2007) BMC Biol., 5, p. 48; De Souza, D.J., Bézier, A., Depoix, D., Drezen, J.M., Lenoir, A., Blochmannia endosymbionts improve colony growth and immune defence in the ant Camponotus fellah (2009) BMC Microbiol., 9, p. 29; Van Borm, S., Buschinger, A., Boomsma, J.J., Billen, J., Tetraponera ants have gut symbionts related to nitrogen-fixing root-nodule bacteria (2002) Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B., 269, pp. 2023-2027; Eilmus, S., Heil, M., Bacterial associates of arboreal ants and their putative functions in an obligate ant-plant mutualism (2009) Appl. Env. Microbiol., 75, pp. 4324-4332; Russell, J.A., Moreau, C.S., Goldman-Huertas, B., Fujiwara, M., Lohman, D.J., Pierce, N.E., Bacterial gut symbionts are tightly linked with the evolution of herbivory in ants (2009) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 106, pp. 21236-21241; Delage-Darchen, B., Une fourmi de Côte d'Ivoire: Melissotarsus titubans Del., N. Sp. (1972) Insect. Soc., 19, pp. 213-226; Prins, A.J., Ben-Dov, Y., Rust, D.J., A new observation on the association between ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and armoured scale insects (Homoptera: Diaspididae) (1975) J. Entomol. Soc. S. Afr., 38, pp. 211-216; Mony, R., Kenne, M., Dejean, A., (2002) Biology and Ecology of Pest Ants of the Genus Melissotarsus (Formicidae: Myrmicinae), with Special Reference to Tropical Fruit Tree Attacks, Sociobiology, 40, pp. 645-654; Mony, R., Fisher, B.L., Kenne, M., Tindo, M., Dejean, A., Behavioural ecology of bark-digging ants of the genus Melissotarsus (2007) Funct. Ecosyst. Commun., 1, pp. 121-128; Fisher, B.L., Robertson, H.G., Silk production by adult workers of the ant Melissotarsus emeryi (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) in South African fynbos (1999) Insect. Soc., 46, pp. 78-83; Sanson, G., The biomechanics of browsing and grazing (2006) Am. J. Bot., 93, pp. 1531-1545; Clissold, F., Sanson, G.D., Read, J., The paradoxical effects nutrient ratios and supply rates on an outbreaking insect herbivore, the Australian plague locust (2006) J. Anim. Ecol., 75, pp. 1000-1013; Cannon, C.A., (1998) Nutritional Ecology of the Carpenter Ant Camponotus Pennsylvanicus (De Geer): Macronutrient Preference and Particle Consumption, , (PhD thesis) Blacsburg VA; Eisner, T., A comparative morphological study of the proventriculus of ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) (1957) Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 116, pp. 441-490; Caetano, F.H., Can we use the digestive tract for phyllogenetic studies in ants (1990) Social Insects and the Environment, pp. 321-322. , G.K. Veeresh, B. Mallik, C.A. 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516 |
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