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| Author |
Barabe, D.; Lacroix, C.; Gibernau, M. |
| Title |
Developmental floral morphology of Syngonium in the context of the tribe Caladieae (Araceae) |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Willdenowia – Annals of the Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin-Dahlem |
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| Volume |
42 |
Issue |
2 |
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297-305 |
| Keywords |
Aroids; Inflorescence; Phylogeny; Oxalate Crystals; Flower |
| Abstract |
The floral development of Syngonium angustatum is analysed in the context of a recently published molecular phylogeny of the Araceae. The initiation of discoid floral primordia occurs acropetally on the surface of the inflorescence. Female flowers, atypical bisexual flowers, sterile male flowers and male flowers are inserted on the same phyllotactic spirals on the spadix. Stamen primordia are initiated simultaneously on the periphery of more or less circular floral primordia. There are four stamens per flower (rarely three). In a synandrium, the fusion of stamens occurs very early during their developmental cycle. In some flowers one or two stamens remain free. The staminodes are also initiated on the periphery of the discoid floral primordium and their number varies from four to six. The growth of the fused staminodes will eventually form a longitudinal cavity in the centre of the mature synandrode. On the synandrodes located near the female zone, one or two staminodes remain free during development. No atypical bisexual flowers were observed on the inflorescence of Syngonium. The presence of a few calcium oxalate crystals was observed on the surface of all types of flowers. All the atypical flowers located at the base of the sterile zone corresponded to sterile male flowers and resulted from a more or less random disorganisation of the typical structure of a synandrode. In the Aroideae, free stamens or staminodes represent a plesiomorphic condition. The association of synandria and synandrodes is present in all early diverging genera of the tribe Caladieae and could represent the ancestral state. It is not clear if free stamens have evolved once or twice in the tribe Caladieae, both scenarios are possible. |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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460 |
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Ruiz-González, M.X.; Lauth, J.; Leroy, C.; Jauneau, A.; Gryta, H.; Jargeat, P.; Dejean, A.; Orivel, J. |
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An efficient protocol for isolating melanised chaetothyrialean anamorphic fungi associated with plant-ants |
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Journal Article |
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2013 |
Publication |
Journal of Basic Microbiology |
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53 |
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1 |
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98-100 |
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Allomerus ants; Black fungi; Chaetothyriales; Fluorescent staining; Isolation method |
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Because of their ecological characteristics, slow growth rates and the presence of contaminants, Chaetothyriales fungi associated with structures built by tropical plant-ants can be difficult to isolate with standard procedures. Here, we describe an easy-to-use protocol for obtaining pure cultures by using cotton as a first substrate. We have further found by means of fluorescent stains that nuclei concentrate either in young hyphae or in the tips of the hyphae. © 2012 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim. |
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Université de Toulouse, ECOLAB, Toulouse, France |
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Export Date: 6 February 2013; Source: Scopus |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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461 |
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Djenontin Tindo, S.; Amusant, N.; Dangou, J.; Wotto, D.V.; Avlessi, F.; Dahouénon-Ahoussi, E.; Lozano, P.; Pioch, D.; Sohounhloué, K.C.D. |
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Screening of Repellent, Termiticidal and Preventive activities on Wood, of Azadirachta indica and Carapa procera (Meliaceae) seeds oils |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
Publication |
International Research Journal of Biological Sciences |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCA J. Biological Sci. |
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1 |
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3 |
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25-29 |
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International Science Congress Association |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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462 |
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Foken, T.; Meixner, F.X.; Falge, E.; Zetzsch, C.; Serafimovich, A.; Bargsten, A.; Behrendt, T.; Biermann, T.; Breuninger, C.; Dix, S.; Gerken, T.; Hunner, M.; Lehmann-Pape, L.; Hens, K.; Jocher, G.; Kesselmeier, J.; Luers, J.; Mayer, J.C.; Moravek, A.; Plake, D.; Riederer, M.; Rutz, F.; Scheibe, M.; Siebicke, L.; Sorgel, M.; Staudt, K.; Trebs, I.; Tsokankunku, A.; Welling, M.; Wolff, V.; Zhu, Z. |
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Coupling processes and exchange of energy and reactive and non-reactive trace gases at a forest site – results of the EGER experiment |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
Publication |
Atmospheric Chemistry And Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
Atmos. Chem. Phys. |
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12 |
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4 |
Pages |
1923-1950 |
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To investigate the energy, matter and reactive and non-reactive trace gas exchange between the atmosphere and a spruce forest in the German mountain region, two intensive measuring periods were conducted at the FLUXNET site DE-Bay (Waldstein-Weidenbrunnen) in September/October 2007 and June/July 2008. They were part of the project “ExchanGE processes in mountainous Regions” (EGER). Beyond a brief description of the experiment, the main focus of the paper concerns the coupling between the trunk space, the canopy and the above-canopy atmosphere. Therefore, relevant coherent structures were analyzed for different in- and above canopy layers, coupling between layers was classified according to already published procedures, and gradients and fluxes of meteorological quantities as well as concentrations of non-reactive and reactive trace compounds have been sorted along the coupling classes. Only in the case of a fully coupled system, it could be shown, that fluxes measured above the canopy are related to gradients between the canopy and the above-canopy atmosphere. Temporal changes of concentration differences between top of canopy and the forest floor, particularly those of reactive trace gases (NO, NO2, O-3, and HONO) could only be interpreted on the basis of the coupling stage. Consequently, only concurrent and vertically resolved measurements of micrometeorological (turbulence) quantities and fluxes (gradients) of trace compounds will lead to a better understanding of the forest-atmosphere interaction. |
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[Foken, T.; Serafimovich, A.; Biermann, T.; Dix, S.; Gerken, T.; Hunner, M.; Jocher, G.; Lueers, J.; Riederer, M.; Ruetz, F.; Siebicke, L.; Staudt, K.] Univ Bayreuth, Dept Micrometeorol, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany, Email: thomas.foken@uni-bayreuth.de |
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Copernicus Gesellschaft Mbh |
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English |
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1680-7316 |
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WOS:000300875900016 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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464 |
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Zhang, T.; Bai, S.L.; Zhang, Y.F.; Thibaut, B. |
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Viscoelastic properties of wood materials characterized by nanoindentation experiments |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
Publication |
Wood Science and Technology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Wood Sci. Technol. |
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46 |
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5 |
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1003-1016 |
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Springer-Verlag |
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0043-7719 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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465 |
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Fromin, N.; Saby, N.P.A.; Lensi, R.; Brunet, D.; Porte, B.; Domenach, A.-M.; Roggy, J.-C. |
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Spatial variability of soil microbial functioning in a tropical rainforest of French Guiana using nested sampling |
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Journal Article |
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2013 |
Publication |
Geoderma |
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197-198 |
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98-107 |
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Denitrification; Respiration; Scale dependent process; Soil microbial processes; Soil organic matter; Tree influence potential |
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Understanding the pattern in spatial distribution of soil microbial processes is critical to understand the environmental factors that regulate them as well as to scale up these processes to ecosystem. Soil samples from a 1. ha tropical rainforest plot (Paracou, French Guiana) were analyzed according a nested sampling approach using different separation distances ranging from 0.4 to 40. m. The variability of substrate induced respiration (SIR) and of denitrification enzyme activity (DEA) was characterized in relation to various soil properties (total C and N contents, NIRS related index of soil organic matter quality, SOMQ, and index of tree influence potential, IP). The variability of SIR and DEA was higher than that of environmental properties. The patterns of accumulated variance as a function of distance varied among the soil properties. The variability of SIR and DEA mainly occurred at small (1. m) scale (and at the 10-40. m-scales for SIR), probably reflecting the quality of litter input that results of the influence of local assemblage of different tree species, though changes in the soil N and C contents. Indeed, total soil C and N contents explained the microbial properties at every scale. Coefficients of codispersion showed that neither SOMQ nor IP did correlate with SIR and DEA, and confirmed that total C and N contents explained microbial properties in a scale dependent and complex manner. Such spatial dependency underlines the importance of soil heterogeneity in this tropical forest with implications for sampling strategies when studying the microbial processes and their response to disturbances. © 2012 Elsevier B.V. |
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UMR EcoFoG, BP 709, 97387 Kourou, GUF, France |
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Export Date: 13 February 2013; Source: Scopus |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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466 |
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Hmimina, G.; Dufrêne, E.; Pontailler, J.-Y.; Delpierre, N.; Aubinet, M.; Caquet, B.; de Grandcourt, A.; Burban, B.; Flechard, C.; Granier, A.; Gross, P.; Heinesch, B.; Longdoz, B.; Moureaux, C.; Ourcival, J.-M.; Rambal, S.; Saint André, L.; Soudani, K. |
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Evaluation of the potential of MODIS satellite data to predict vegetation phenology in different biomes: An investigation using ground-based NDVI measurements |
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Journal Article |
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2013 |
Publication |
Remote Sensing of Environment |
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132 |
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145-158 |
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Crops; Deciduous forests; Evergreen forests; Ground-based NDVI; Modis; Phenology |
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Vegetation phenology is the study of the timing of seasonal events that are considered to be the result of adaptive responses to climate variations on short and long time scales. In the field of remote sensing of vegetation phenology, phenological metrics are derived from time series of optical data. For that purpose, considerable effort has been specifically focused on developing noise reduction and cloud-contaminated data removal techniques to improve the quality of remotely-sensed time series. Comparative studies between time series composed of satellite data acquired under clear and cloudy conditions and from radiometric data obtained with high accuracy from ground-based measurements constitute a direct and effective way to assess the operational use and limitations of remote sensing for predicting the main plant phenological events. In the present paper, we sought to explicitly evaluate the potential use of MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) remote sensing data for monitoring the seasonal dynamics of different types of vegetation cover that are representative of the major terrestrial biomes, including temperate deciduous forests, evergreen forests, African savannah, and crops. After cloud screening and filtering, we compared the temporal patterns and phenological metrics derived from in situ NDVI time series and from MODIS daily and 16-composite products. We also evaluated the effects of residual noise and the influence of data gaps in MODIS NDVI time series on the identification of the most relevant metrics for vegetation phenology monitoring. The results show that the inflexion points of a model fitted to a MODIS NDVI time series allow accurate estimates of the onset of greenness in the spring and the onset of yellowing in the autumn in deciduous forests (RMSE ≤ one week). Phenological metrics identical to those provided with the MODIS Global Vegetation Phenology product (MDC12Q2) are less robust to data gaps, and they can be subject to large biases of approximately two weeks or more during the autumn phenological transitions. In the evergreen forests, in situ NDVI time series describe the phenology with high fidelity despite small temporal changes in the canopy foliage. However, MODIS is unable to provide consistent phenological patterns. In crops and savannah, MODIS NDVI time series reproduce the general temporal patterns of phenology, but significant discrepancies appear between MODIS and ground-based NDVI time series during very localized periods of time depending on the weather conditions and spatial heterogeneity within the MODIS pixel. In the rainforest, the temporal pattern exhibited by a MODIS 16-day composite NDVI time series is more likely due to a pattern of noise in the NDVI data structure according to both rainy and dry seasons rather than to phenological changes. More investigations are needed, but in all cases, this result leads us to conclude that MODIS time series in tropical rainforests should be interpreted with great caution. © 2013 Elsevier Inc. |
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INRA, Unité Biogéochimie des Ecosystèmes Forestiers, Champenoux, France |
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Export Date: 21 February 2013; Source: Scopus |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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467 |
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Aimene, Y.; Dorville, R.; Omrane, A. |
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Optimal control for trees trunk diameter estimation in rain forest ecology |
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Journal Article |
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2013 |
Publication |
Applied Mathematical Sciences |
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7 |
Issue |
17-20 |
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807-816 |
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Missing data; Optimal control; Tree trunk diameter |
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We study the optimal control question for an important mechanical problem related to tree trunk diameter variation in tropical forest ecology where some data are missing. Within a cost function, the control problem is formulated with a mechanical model that requires boundary conditions tosolve all equations. We give a characterization of the optimal measurement function for the tree trunk problem. |
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Laboratoire CEREGMIA EA 2440, Université Antilles-Guyane, I.E.S.G Campus de Trou-Biran, Route de Baduel, 97337 Cayenne, French Guiana |
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Export Date: 21 February 2013; Source: Scopus |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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469 |
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Molto, Q.; Rossi, V.; Blanc, L. |
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Error propagation in biomass estimation in tropical forests |
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Journal Article |
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2013 |
Publication |
Methods in Ecology and Evolution |
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4 |
Issue |
2 |
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175-183 |
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Bayesian framework; Modelling; Redd; Uncertainty propagation |
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Reliable above-ground biomass (AGB) estimates are required for studies of carbon fluxes and stocks. However, there is a huge lack of knowledge concerning the precision of AGB estimates and the sources of this uncertainty. At the tree level, the tree height is predicted using the tree diameter at breast height (DBH) and a height sub-model. The wood-specific gravity (WSG) is predicted with taxonomic information and a WSG sub-model. The tree mass is predicted using the predicted height, the predicted WSG and the biomass sub-model. Our models were inferred with Bayesian methods and the uncertainty propagated with a Monte Carlo scheme. The uncertainties in the predictions of tree height, tree WSG and tree mass were neglected sequentially to quantify their contributions to the uncertainty in AGB. The study was conducted in French Guiana where long-term research on forest ecosystems provided an outstanding data collection on tree height, tree dynamics, tree mass and species WSG. We found that the uncertainty in the AGB estimates was found to derive primarily from the biomass sub-model. The models used to predict the tree heights and WSG contributed negligible uncertainty to the final estimate. Considering our results, a poor knowledge of WSG and the height-diameter relationship does not increase the uncertainty in AGB estimates. However, it could lead to bias. Therefore, models and databases should be used with care. This study provides a methodological framework that can be broadly used by foresters and plant ecologist. It provides the accurate confidence intervals associated with forest AGB estimates made from inventory data. When estimating region-scale AGB values (through spatial interpolation, spatial modelling or satellite signal treatment), the uncertainty of the forest AGB value in the reference forest plots has to be taken in account. We believe that in the light of the Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation debate, our method is a crucial step in monitoring carbon stocks and their spatio-temporal evolution. © 2012 The Authors. Methods in Ecology and Evolution © 2012 British Ecological Society. |
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CIRAD, UMR 'Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane', Kourou Cedex, 97 379, France |
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Export Date: 21 February 2013; Source: Scopus |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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470 |
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Brémaud, I.; Ruelle, J.; Thibaut, A.; Thibaut, B. |
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Changes in viscoelastic vibrational properties between compression and normal wood: Roles of microfibril angle and of lignin |
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Journal Article |
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2013 |
Publication |
Holzforschung |
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67 |
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1 |
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75-85 |
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Compression wood (CW); Damping coefficient; Ft-Ir; Internal friction; Lignin; Microfibril angle (MFA); Picea abies; Pinus pinaster; Pinus sylvestris; Specific dynamic modulus of elasticity; Viscoelastic vibrational properties |
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This study aims at better understanding the respective influences of specific gravity (γ ), microfibril angle (MFA), and cell wall matrix polymers on viscoelastic vibrational properties of wood in the axial direction. The wide variations of properties between normal wood (NW) and compression wood (CW) are in focus. Three young bent trees (Picea abies, Pinus sylvestris and Pinus pinaster ), which recovered verticality, were sampled. Several observed differences between NW and CW were highly significant in terms of anatomical, physical (γ, shrinkage, CIE Lab colorimetry), mechanical (compressive strength), and vibrational properties. The specific dynamic modulus of elasticity (E′/γ) decreases with increasing MFA, and Young's modulus (E′) can be satisfactorily explained by γ and MFA. Apparently, the type of the cell wall polymer matrix is not influential in this regard. The damping coefficient (tan δ) does not depend solely on the MFA of NW and CW. The tanδ-E′/γ relationship evidences that, at equivalent E′/γ, the tan δ of CW is approximately 34% lower than that of NW. This observation is ascribed to the more condensed nature of CW lignins, and this is discussed in the context of previous findings in other hygrothermal and time/frequency domains. It is proposed that the lignin structure and the amount and type of extractives, which are both different in various species, are partly responsible for taxonomy-related damping characteristics. Copyright © by Walter de Gruyter • Berlin • Boston. |
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Wood Laboratory, Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 129, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland |
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Export Date: 25 February 2013; Source: Scopus |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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471 |
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