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| Author |
Biwolé, A.B.; Dainou, K.; Fayolle, A.; Hardy, O.J.; Brostaux, Y.; Coste, S.; Delion, S.; Betti, J.L.; Doucet, J.-L. |
| Title |
Light Response of Seedlings of a Central African Timber Tree Species, Lophira alata (Ochnaceae), and the Definition of Light Requirements |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Biotropica |
Abbreviated Journal |
Biotropica |
| Volume |
47 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
681-688 |
| Keywords |
biomass allocation; Central Africa; light requirement: Lophira alata; population; relative growth rate; seedling growth; timber species; Afrique centrale; allocation de biomasse; besoins en lumière; croissance des semis; bois d'œuvre; Lophira alata; population; taux de croissance relatif |
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Light is of primary importance in structuring tropical tree communities. Light exposure at seedling and adult stages has been used to characterize the ecological profile of tropical trees, with many implications in forest management and restoration ecology. Most shade-tolerance classification systems have been proposed based on empirical observations in a specific area and thus result in contradictions among categories assigned to a given species. In this study, we aimed to quantify the light requirements for seedling growth of a Central African timber tree, Lophira alata (Ochnaceae), taking into account effects of population origin. In two controlled experiments: a light response experiment and a comparative population experiment, conducted in southwestern Cameroon, using seeds collected from four populations (three from Cameroon and one from Gabon), we examined the quantitative responses to irradiance of seedlings. After 2 years, mortality was very low (<3%), even in extremely low irradiance. Growth and biomass allocation patterns varied in response to light, with intermediate irradiance (24–43%) providing optimal conditions. Light response differed between populations. The Boumba population in the northeastern edge of the species' distribution exhibited the highest light requirements, suggesting a local adaptation. As a result of positive growth at low irradiance and maximum growth at intermediate irradiance, we concluded that L. alata exhibits characteristics of both non-pioneer and pioneer species. Implications of our results to propose an objective way to assign the light requirement for tropical tree species are discussed. |
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1744-7429 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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648 |
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Cottet, K.; Fromentin, Y.; Kritsanida, M.; Grougnet, R.; Odonne, G.; Duplais, C.; Michel, S.; Lallemand, M.-C. |
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Isolation of Guttiferones from Renewable Parts of Symphonia globulifera by Centrifugal Partition Chromatography |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Planta Medica |
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Planta Medica |
| Volume |
81 |
Issue |
17 |
Pages |
1604-1608 |
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centrifugal partition chromatography; Clusiaceae; countercurrent chromatography guttiferones; PPAPs; Symphonia globulifera |
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The aim of this study was to investigate the species Symphonia globulifera, a source of polycyclic polyprenylated acyl phloroglucinols such as guttiferone A, which is known to exhibit a variety of biological activities including noticeable antileishmanial properties. Our goal was the identification and the quantification of guttiferone A in different renewable parts of S. globulifera and its preparative isolation. To the best of our knowledge, there is no data concerning its mechanism of action. Consequently, it is particularly interesting to isolate it in gram quantities in order to establish structure activity relationship studies. After performing high-performance liquid chromatography profiles detecting the presence of guttiferone A and proceeding to its quantification, a centrifugal partition chromatography methodology using a two-phase solvent system of cyclohexane/ethyl acetate/methanol/water (20 : 1 : 20 : 1, v/v/v/v) was applied to each extract. In conclusion, a centrifugal partition chromatography system has been developed to ensure a fast, reliable, and scalable way to isolate, with a high level of purity, guttiferone A from five renewable parts of S. globulifera. Moreover, this methodology can be extended to the isolation of other polycyclic polyprenylated acyl phloroglucinols such as guttiferones B, C, and D. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart. |
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Laboratoire des Substances Naturelles Amazoniennes, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, UMR EcoFoG (Ecologie des forêts de Guyane), Cayenne, France |
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Export Date: 7 January 2016 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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646 |
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Allié, E.; Pélissier, R.; Engel, J.; Petronelli, P.; Freycon, V.; Deblauwe, V.; Soucémarianadin, L.; Weigel, J.; Baraloto, C. |
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Pervasive local-scale tree-soil habitat association in a tropical forest community |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2015 |
Publication |
PLoS ONE |
Abbreviated Journal |
PLoS ONE |
| Volume |
10 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
e0141488 |
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We examined tree-soil habitat associations in lowland forest communities at Paracou, French Guiana.We analyzed a large dataset assembling six permanent plots totaling 37.5 ha, in which extensive LIDAR-derived topographical data and soil chemical and physical data have been integrated with precise botanical determinations. Map of relative elevation from the nearest stream summarized both soil fertility and hydromorphic characteristics, with seasonally inundated bottomlands having higher soil phosphate content and base saturation, and plateaus having higher soil carbon, nitrogen and aluminum contents. We employed a statistical test of correlations between tree species density and environmental maps, by generating Monte Carlo simulations of random raster images that preserve autocorrelation of the original maps. Nearly three fourths of the 94 taxa with at least one stem per ha showed a significant correlation between tree density and relative elevation, revealing contrasted species-habitat associations in term of abundance, with seasonally inundated bottomlands (24.5% of species) and well-drained plateaus (48.9% of species). We also observed species preferences for environments with or without steep slopes (13.8% and 10.6%, respectively). We observed that closely-related species were frequently associated with different soil habitats in this region (70% of the 14 genera with congeneric species that have a significant association test) suggesting species-habitat associations have arisen multiple times in this tree community. We also tested if species with similar habitat preferences shared functional strategies. We found that seasonally inundated forest specialists tended to have smaller stature (maximum diameter) than species found on plateaus. Our results underline the importance of tree-soil habitat associations in structuring diverse communities at fine spatial scales and suggest that additional studies are needed to disentangle community assembly mechanisms related to dispersal limitation, biotic interactions and environmental filtering from species-habitat associations. Moreover, they provide a framework to generalize across tropical forest sites. © 2015 Allié et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
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International Center for Tropical Botany, Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States |
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Export Date: 7 January 2016 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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645 |
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Basset, Y.; Cizek, L.; Cuénoud, P.; Didham, R.K.; Novotny, V.; Ødegaard, F.; Roslin, T.; Tishechkin, A.K.; Schmidl, J.; Winchester, N.N.; Roubik, D.W.; Aberlenc, H.-P.; Bail, J.; Barrios, H.; Bridle, J.R.; Castaño-Meneses, G.; Corbara, B.; Curletti, G.; Duarte da Rocha, W.; De Bakker, D.; Delabie, J.H.C.; Dejean, A.; Fagan, L.L.; Floren, A.; Kitching, R.L.; Medianero, E.; Gama de Oliveira, E.; Orivel, J.; Pollet, M.; Rapp, M.; Ribeiro, S.P.; Roisin, Y.; Schmidt, J.B.; Sørensen, L.; Lewinsohn, T.M.; Leponce, M. |
| Title |
Arthropod Distribution in a Tropical Rainforest: Tackling a Four Dimensional Puzzle |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2015 |
Publication |
PLoS ONE |
Abbreviated Journal |
PLoS ONE |
| Volume |
10 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
e0144110 |
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Quantifying the spatio-temporal distribution of arthropods in tropical rainforests represents a first step towards scrutinizing the global distribution of biodiversity on Earth. To date most studies have focused on narrow taxonomic groups or lack a design that allows partitioning of the components of diversity. Here, we consider an exceptionally large dataset (113,952 individuals representing 5,858 species), obtained from the San Lorenzo forest in Panama, where the phylogenetic breadth of arthropod taxa was surveyed using 14 protocols targeting the soil, litter, understory, lower and upper canopy habitats, replicated across seasons in 2003 and 2004. This dataset is used to explore the relative influence of horizontal, vertical and seasonal drivers of arthropod distribution in this forest. We considered arthropod abundance, observed and estimated species richness, additive decomposition of species richness, multiplicative partitioning of species diversity, variation in species composition, species turnover and guild structure as components of diversity. At the scale of our study (2km of distance, 40m in height and 400 days), the effects related to the vertical and seasonal dimensions were most important. Most adult arthropods were collected from the soil/litter or the upper canopy and species richness was highest in the canopy. We compared the distribution of arthropods and trees within our study system. Effects related to the seasonal dimension were stronger for arthropods than for trees. We conclude that: (1) models of beta diversity developed for tropical trees are unlikely to be applicable to tropical arthropods; (2) it is imperative that estimates of global biodiversity derived from mass collecting of arthropods in tropical rainforests embrace the strong vertical and seasonal partitioning observed here; and (3) given the high species turnover observed between seasons, global climate change may have severe consequences for rainforest arthropods. |
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Public Library of Science |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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644 |
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Touchard, A.;Dejean, A.;Orivel, J. |
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Intraspecific variations in the venom peptidome of the ant Odontomachus haematodus (Formicidae: Ponerinae) from French Guiana |
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Journal Article |
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2015 |
Publication |
Journal of Hymenoptera Research |
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Journal of Hymenoptera Research |
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47 |
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87-101 |
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Ant venoms are complex cocktails of toxins employed to subdue prey and to protect the colony from predators and microbial pathogens. Although the extent of ant venom peptide diversity remains largely unexplored, previous studies have revealed the presence of numerous bioactive peptides in most stinging ant venoms. We investigated the venom peptidome of the ponerine ant Odontomachus haematodus using LC-MS analysis and then verified whether the division of labor in the colonies and their geographical location are correlated with differences in venom composition. Our results reveal that O. haematodus venom is comprised of 105 small linear peptides. The venom composition does not vary between the different castes (i.e., nurses, foragers and queens), but an intraspecific variation in peptide content was observed, particularly when the colonies are separated by large distances. Geographical variation appears to increase the venom peptide repertoire of this ant species, demonstrating its intraspecific venom plasticity. |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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643 |
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Scotti, I.; Montaigne, W.; Cseke, K.; Traissac, S. |
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Life after disturbance (II): the intermediate disturbance hypothesis explains genetic variation in forest gaps dominated by Virola michelii Heckel (Myristicaceae) |
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Journal Article |
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2015 |
Publication |
Annals of Forest Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Annals of Forest Science |
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72 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
1035-1042 |
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Amazon; Bayesian clustering; Demogenetics; Guiana shield; Parentage analysis; Regeneration; Spatial genetic structure; Tropical rainforest |
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Key message: Genetic diversity appears to be unaffected by disturbance in a stand of the light-demanding Neotropical treeV. michelii. Although spatial genetic structure is modified in post-disturbance cohorts, mixing of seeds from different mother trees in canopy gaps appears to efficiently maintain genetic admixture. Context: The interplay between genetic and demographic processes has major consequences on population viability. Population size affects demographic trends, while genetic diversity insures viability by reducing risks of inbreeding depression and by maintaining adaptive potential. Yet, the consequences of increases in census size (as opposed to effective size) on genetic diversity of forest populations are poorly known. Aims: We have studied the structure of genetic diversity in populations of saplings of the light-responsive tree, Virola michelii (Myristicaceae, the nutmeg family), in two plots having undergone different levels of canopy-gap opening disturbance. This allowed us to test the “intermediate disturbance” hypothesis, which generally applies to species diversity, at the intra-specific scale. Methods: Levels and distribution of genetic diversity were compared between plots and between life stages. Sapling parentage was analysed to infer each adult tree’s contribution to regeneration. Results: Genetic diversity was higher, and spatial genetic structure was stronger in the post-disturbance than in the control seedling population. Parentage analysis suggested that a limited number of parents contributed to most of the regeneration, but that efficient mixing of their progeny may have enhanced the diversity of saplings occupying canopy gaps. Conclusion: A mixture of demo-genetic processes may contribute to maintain genetic diversity in spite of, or possibly due to, ecosystem disturbance in V. michelii. © 2015, INRA and Springer-Verlag France. |
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Solicaz, Guyane Technopôle, 16 bis Rue du 14 Juillet, Cayenne, French Guiana |
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Export Date: 14 December 2015 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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642 |
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Vedel, V.; Cerdan, A.; Martinez, Q.; Baraloto, C.; Petitclerc, F.; Orivel, J.; Fortunel, C. |
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Day-time vs. Night-time sampling does not affect estimates of spider diversity across a land use gradient in the Neotropics |
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Journal Article |
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2015 |
Publication |
Journal of Arachnology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Journal of Arachnology |
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43 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
413-416 |
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Araneae; community; day; night; sampling protocol |
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To obtain a reliable description of spider communities, robust sampling protocols are crucial. However, it remains unclear if descriptions of spider communities in tropical habitats require both day and night sampling. Here we tested whether sampling both day and night in high and low vegetation strata would lead to better diversity estimates of spider communities than sampling at only one period of the day. We determined spider taxonomic diversity in a network of 12 plots in French Guiana along a vegetation gradient. We found high alpha diversity of spiders as expected for a tropical area at every site. We showed strong differences in spider alpha and beta diversity between high and low vegetation strata, while they were similar between day and night sampling. Our results suggest that collecting spiders at only one period is sufficient to describe the diversity of spider communities across land use types in the neotropics. © The American Arachnological Society. |
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Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States |
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Export Date: 10 December 2015 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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641 |
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Talaga, S.; Murienne, J.; Dejean, A.; Leroy, C. |
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Online database for mosquito (Diptera, Culicidae) occurrence records in French guiana |
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Journal Article |
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2015 |
Publication |
ZooKeys |
Abbreviated Journal |
ZooKeys |
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2015 |
Issue |
532 |
Pages |
107-115 |
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Diversity; French guiana; Mosquitoes; Neotropics; Occurrence |
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A database providing information on mosquito specimens (Arthropoda: Diptera: Culicidae) collected in French Guiana is presented. Field collections were initiated in 2013 under the auspices of the CEnter for the study of Biodiversity in Amazonia (CEBA: http://www.labexceba.fr/en/). This study is part of an ongoing process aiming to understand the distribution of mosquitoes, including vector species, across French Guiana. Occurrences are recorded after each collecting trip in a database managed by the laboratory Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), Toulouse, France. The dataset is updated monthly and is available online. Voucher specimens and their associated DNA are stored at the laboratory Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane (Ecofog), Kourou, French Guiana. The latest version of the dataset is accessible through EDB’s Integrated Publication Toolkit at http://130.120.204.55:8080/ipt/resource.do?r=mosquitoesof french_guiana or through the Global Biodiversity Information Facility data portal at http://www.gbif.org/ dataset/5a8aa2ad-261c-4f61-a98e-26dd752fe1c5 It can also be viewed through the Guyanensis platform at http://guyanensis.ups-tlse.fr © Stanislas Talaga et al. |
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IRD, Laboratoire de botAnique et Modélisation de l’Architecture des Plantes et des végétations (AMAP; UMR 123), Boulevard de la Lironde, TA A-51/PS2, Montpellier, France |
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Export Date: 25 November 2015 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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640 |
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Guitet, S.; Herault, B.; Molto, Q.; Brunaux, O.; Couteron, P. |
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Spatial structure of above-ground biomass limits accuracy of carbon mapping in rainforest but large scale forest inventories can help to overcome |
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Journal Article |
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2015 |
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PLoS ONE |
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PLoS ONE |
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10 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
e0138456 |
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Precise mapping of above-ground biomass (AGB) is a major challenge for the success of REDD+ processes in tropical rainforest. The usual mapping methods are based on two hypotheses: a large and long-ranged spatial autocorrelation and a strong environment influence at the regional scale. However, there are no studies of the spatial structure of AGB at the landscapes scale to support these assumptions.We studied spatial variation in AGB at various scales using two large forest inventories conducted in French Guiana. The dataset comprised 2507 plots (0.4 to 0.5 ha) of undisturbed rainforest distributed over the whole region. After checking the uncertainties of estimates obtained from these data, we used half of the dataset to develop explicit predictive models including spatial and environmental effects and tested the accuracy of the resulting maps according to their resolution using the rest of the data. Forest inventories provided accurate AGB estimates at the plot scale, for a mean of 325 Mg.ha-1. They revealed high local variability combined with a weak autocorrelation up to distances of no more than10 km. Environmental variables accounted for a minor part of spatial variation. Accuracy of the best model including spatial effects was 90 Mg.ha-1 at plot scale but coarse graining up to 2-km resolution allowed mapping AGB with accuracy lower than 50 Mg.ha-1. Whatever the resolution, no agreement was found with available pan-tropical reference maps at all resolutions.We concluded that the combined weak autocorrelation and weak environmental effect limit AGB maps accuracy in rainforest, and that a trade-off has to be found between spatial resolution and effective accuracy until adequate “wall-to-wall” remote sensing signals provide reliable AGB predictions. Waiting for this, using large forest inventories with low sampling rate (<0.5%) may be an efficient way to increase the global coverage of AGB maps with acceptable accuracy at kilometric resolution. Copyright: © 2015 Guitet et al. |
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Institut de Recherche Pour le Développement (IRD), UMR Amap, Montpellier, France |
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Export Date: 25 November 2015 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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639 |
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Richard-Hansen, C.; Jaouen, G.; Denis, T.; Brunaux, O.; Marcon, E.; Guitet, S. |
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Landscape patterns influence communities of medium-to large-bodied vertebrates in undisturbed terra firme forests of French Guiana |
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Journal Article |
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2015 |
Publication |
Journal of Tropical Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Journal of Tropical Ecology |
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31 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
423-436 |
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Animal communities; diversity; environmental heterogeneity; French Guiana; landscape ecology; species-habitat association |
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Whereas broad-scale Amazonian forest types have been shown to influence the structure of the communities of medium-to large-bodied vertebrates, their natural heterogeneity at smaller scale or within the terra firme forests remains poorly described and understood. Diversity indices of such communities and the relative abundance of the 21 most commonly observed species were compared from standardized line-transect data across 25 study sites distributed in undisturbed forests in French Guiana. We first assessed the relevance of a forest typology based on geomorphological landscapes to explain the observed heterogeneity. As previously found for tree beta-diversity patterns, this new typology proved to be a non-negligible factor underlying the beta diversity of the communities of medium-to large bodied vertebrates in French Guianan terra firme forests. Although the species studied are almost ubiquitous across the region, they exhibited habitat preferences through significant variation in abundance and in their association index with the different landscape types. As terra firme forests represent more than 90% of the Amazon basin, characterizing their heterogeneity-including faunal communities-is a major challenge in neotropical forest ecology. © 2015 Cambridge University Press. |
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ONCFS, EcoFoG, Kourou Cedex, France |
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Export Date: 16 November 2015 |
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638 |
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