| Records |
| Author |
Denis, T.; Hérault, B.; Brunaux, O.; Guitet, S.; Richard-Hansen, C. |
| Title |
Weak environmental controls on the composition and diversity of medium and large-sized vertebrate assemblages in neotropical rain forests of the Guiana Shield |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Diversity and Distributions |
Abbreviated Journal |
Diversity Distrib. |
| Volume |
24 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
1545-1559 |
| Keywords |
biodiversity; birds; functional traits; mammals; refugia hypothesis; spatial patterns; Aves; Mammalia; Vertebrata |
| Abstract |
Aim: Despite their often high-trophic position and their contribution to many ecosystem functions, little is known about the factors affecting assemblage structure of medium- and large-sized neotropical vertebrates. We examined the relative roles played by the physical and biological environment, and by purely spatial processes, in shaping the composition and diversities of these vertebrate assemblages. Then, based on the theory that the Guianan forest cover shrank to isolated pockets during the late Pleistocene–Holocene, we tested if the past forest refugia may have shaped current vertebrate assemblages. Location: French Guiana, Guiana Shield, South America. Methods: Abundances of 19 medium- and large-sized vertebrates were estimated at 21 locations in undisturbed Guianan rain forests. Using taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic metrics, we partitioned the effects of a range of physical and biological environmental conditions and purely spatial predictors in shaping both assemblage composition and (alpha and beta) diversities. Results: We identified a significant, but weak relationship between taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic assemblage composition and environmental conditions. Assemblage diversity patterns were mainly explained by spatial predictors irrespective of the metrics. Current assemblage diversities are correlated with Pleistocene–Holocene forest history, with the highest alpha diversities outside of putative forest refugia, and the highest beta diversities inside these areas. Main conclusions: Current vertebrate assemblage composition is not strongly marked by common environmental factors. Our main conclusion is that assemblage composition results from individual species responses to the environment. Our findings also suggest that dispersal-related processes or more probably historical processes shape (alpha and beta) diversity patterns. In fact, forest fragmentation during Pleistocene–Holocene climate changes could have led to isolated vertebrate assemblages evolving into unique species assemblages creating the current high beta diversity inside refugia, whereas the lower habitat stability outside of refugia could have led to mixed assemblages in areas recolonized by forest vertebrates (current high alpha diversity outside of refugia). |
| Address |
IRD, UMR AMAP (Cirad, CNRS, INRA, Université de Montpellier), Montpellier, France |
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Blackwell Publishing Ltd |
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13669516 (Issn) |
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Santiago, L.S.; De Guzman, M.E.; Baraloto, C.; Vogenberg, J.E.; Brodie, M.; Hérault, B.; Fortunel, C.; Bonal, D. |
| Title |
Coordination and trade-offs among hydraulic safety, efficiency and drought avoidance traits in Amazonian rainforest canopy tree species |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
New Phytologist |
Abbreviated Journal |
New Phytol. |
| Volume |
218 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
1015-1024 |
| Keywords |
Amazonian forest; cavitation; drought; hydraulic conductivity; sapwood capacitance; turgor loss point; wood density; xylem; cavitation; climate change; drought; forest canopy; forest ecosystem; hydraulic conductivity; rainforest; species diversity; tree; tropical forest; vulnerability; wood; Amazonia; French Guiana; Paracou |
| Abstract |
Predicting responses of tropical forests to climate change-type drought is challenging because of high species diversity. Detailed characterization of tropical tree hydraulic physiology is necessary to evaluate community drought vulnerability and improve model parameterization. Here, we measured xylem hydraulic conductivity (hydraulic efficiency), xylem vulnerability curves (hydraulic safety), sapwood pressure–volume curves (drought avoidance) and wood density on emergent branches of 14 common species of Eastern Amazonian canopy trees in Paracou, French Guiana across species with the densest and lightest wood in the plot. Our objectives were to evaluate relationships among hydraulic traits to identify strategies and test the ability of easy-to-measure traits as proxies for hard-to-measure hydraulic traits. Xylem efficiency was related to capacitance, sapwood water content and turgor loss point, and other drought avoidance traits, but not to xylem safety (P50). Wood density was correlated (r = −0.57 to −0.97) with sapwood pressure–volume traits, forming an axis of hydraulic strategy variation. In contrast to drier sites where hydraulic safety plays a greater role, tropical trees in this humid tropical site varied along an axis with low wood density, high xylem efficiency and high capacitance at one end of the spectrum, and high wood density and low turgor loss point at the other. |
| Address |
INRA, UMR Silva, AgroParisTech, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, 54000, France |
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Blackwell Publishing Ltd |
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Cited By :6; Export Date: 3 December 2018; Coden: Nepha; Correspondence Address: Santiago, L.S.; Department of Botany & Plant Sciences, University of California, 2150 Batchelor Hall, United States; email: santiago@ucr.edu; Funding details: Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, CIRAD, FEDER 2014–2020; Funding details: Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, CIRAD, Project; Funding details: Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, CIRAD, GY0006894; Funding details: University of California, UC; Funding details: National Institute of Food and Agriculture, NIFA; Funding details: ANR-10-LABX-0025; Funding text 1: We would like to thank Benôıt Burban and Jean-Yves Goret for laboratory support, Jocelyn Cazal and Valentine Alt for skillfully climbing trees for samples, Aurelie Dourdain for database support, and Clement Stahl, John Sperry, Sean Gleason, Todd Dawson, Steve Davis, JoséLuiz Silva, Aleyda Acosta Rangel and three anonymous reviewers for comments and discussions on the data presented. The study has been supported by the TRY initiative on plant traits (http://www.try-db.org). The TRY initiative and database is hosted, developed and maintained by J. Kattge and G. Boenisch (Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany). TRY is currently supported by Future Earth/ bioDISCOVERY and the German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig. We also acknowledge the University of California, Botany and Plant Sciences Department and the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture for support. We are grateful to the CIRAD and the GFclim project (FEDER 2014–2020, Project GY0006894) for financial support of the Paracou research station. Funding for fieldwork and data acquisition was provided by Investissement d’Avenir grants of the French ANR (CEBA: ANR-10-LABX-0025), through the ‘DRAMA’ and ‘HydroSTAT’ projects.; References: Allen, C.D., Macalady, A.K., Chenchouni, H., Bachelet, D., McDowell, N., Vennetier, M., Kitzberger, T., Hogg, E.H., A global overview of drought and heat-induced tree mortality reveals emerging climate change risks for forests (2010) Forest Ecology and Management, 259, pp. 660-684; Anderegg, W.R.L., Berry, J.A., Smith, D.D., Sperry, J.S., Anderegg, L.D.L., Field, C.B., The roles of hydraulic and carbon stress in a widespread climate-induced forest die-off (2012) Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA, 109, pp. 233-237; Anderegg, W.R.L., Klein, T., Bartlett, M., Sack, L., Pellegrini, A.F.A., Choat, B., Jansen, S., Meta-analysis reveals that hydraulic traits explain cross-species patterns of drought-induced tree mortality across the globe (2016) Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA, 113, pp. 5024-5029; Baraloto, C., Goldberg, D.E., Bonal, D., Performance trade-offs among tropical tree seedlings in contrasting microhabitats (2005) Ecology, 86, pp. 2461-2472; Baraloto, C., Hardy, O.J., Paine, C., Dexter, K.G., Cruaud, C., Dunning, L.T., Gonzalez, M.A., Savolainen, V., Using functional traits and phylogenetic trees to examine the assembly of tropical tree communities (2012) Journal of Ecology, 100, pp. 690-701; Barnard, D.M., Meinzer, F.C., Lachenbruch, B., McCulloh, K.A., Johnson, D.M., Woodruff, D.R., Climate-related trends in sapwood biophysical properties in two conifers: avoidance of hydraulic dysfunction through coordinated adjustments in xylem efficiency, safety and capacitance (2011) Plant, Cell & Environment, 34, pp. 643-654; Bartlett, M.K., Scoffoni, C., Sack, L., The determinants of leaf turgor loss point and prediction of drought tolerance of species and biomes: a global meta-analysis (2012) Ecology Letters, 15, pp. 393-405; Beer, C., Reichstein, M., Tomelleri, E., Ciais, P., Jung, M., Carvalhais, N., Rodenbeck, C., Bonan, G.B., Terrestrial gross carbon dioxide uptake: global distribution and covariation with climate (2010) Science, 329, pp. 834-838; 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Chave, J., Coomes, D., Jansen, S., Lewis, S.L., Swenson, N.G., Zanne, A.E., Towards a worldwide wood economics spectrum (2009) Ecology Letters, 12, pp. 351-366; Choat, B., Drayton, W.M., Brodersen, C., Matthews, M.A., Shackel, K.A., Wada, H., McElrone, A.J., Measurement of vulnerability to water stress-induced cavitation in grapevine: a comparison of four techniques applied to a long-vesseled species (2010) Plant, Cell & Environment, 33, pp. 1502-1512; Choat, B., Jansen, S., Brodribb, T.J., Cochard, H., Delzon, S., Bhaskar, R., Bucci, S.J., Hacke, U.G., Global convergence in the vulnerability of forests to drought (2012) Nature, 491, pp. 752-755; Christoffersen, B.O., Gloor, M., Fauset, S., Fyllas, N.M., Galbraith, D.R., Baker, T.R., Kruijt, B., Binks, O.J., Linking hydraulic traits to tropical forest function in a size-structured and trait-driven model (TFS v. 1-Hydro) (2016) Geoscientific Model Development, 9, pp. 4227-4255; De Guzman, M.E., Santiago, L.S., Schnitzer, S.A., Álvarez-Cansino, L., Trade-offs between water transport capacity and drought resistance in neotropical canopy liana and tree species (2017) Tree Physiology, 37, pp. 1404-1414; 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Lessons drawn from Paracou, a long-term experimental research site in French Guiana, , Paris, France, Elsevier; Hacke, U.G., Sperry, J.S., Wheeler, J.K., Castro, L., Scaling of angiosperm xylem structure with safety and efficiency (2006) Tree Physiology, 26, pp. 689-701; Holtum, J.A.M., Winter, K., Elevated [CO2] and forest vegetation: more a water issue than a carbon issue? (2010) Functional Plant Biology, 37, pp. 694-702; Huntingford, C., Zelazowski, P., Galbraith, D., Mercado, L.M., Sitch, S., Fisher, R., Lomas, M., Booth, B.B.B., Simulated resilience of tropical rainforests to CO2-induced climate change (2013) Nature Geoscience, 6, pp. 268-273; Joetzjer, E., Delire, C., Douville, H., Ciais, P., Decharme, B., Fisher, R., Christoffersen, B., Ferreira, L.V., Predicting the response of the Amazon rainforest to persistent drought conditions under current and future climates: a major challenge for global land surface models (2014) Geoscientific Model Development, 7, pp. 2933-2950; Joetzjer, E., Douville, H., Delire, C., Ciais, P., Present-day and future Amazonian precipitation in global climate models: CMIP5 versus CMIP3 (2013) Climate Dynamics, 41, pp. 2921-2936; Kattge, J., Díaz, S., Lavorel, S., Prentice, I.C., Leadley, P., Bönisch, G., Garnier, E., Wright, I.J., TRY – a global database of plant traits (2011) Global Change Biology, 17, pp. 2905-2935; Maherali, H., Pockman, W.T., Jackson, R.B., Adaptive variation in the vulnerability of woody plants to xylem cavitation (2004) Ecology, 85, pp. 2184-2199; Manzoni, S., Vico, G., Katul, G., Palmroth, S., Jackson, R.B., Porporato, A., Hydraulic limits on maximum plant transpiration and the emergence of the safety–efficiency trade-off (2013) New Phytologist, 198, pp. 169-178; Maréchaux, I., Bartlett, M.K., Sack, L., Baraloto, C., Engel, J., Joetzjer, E., Chave, J., Drought tolerance as predicted by leaf water potential at turgor loss point varies strongly across species within an Amazonian forest (2015) Functional Ecology, 29, pp. 1268-1277; Martínez-Vilalta, J., Piñol, J., Beven, K., A hydraulic model to predict drought-induced mortality in woody plants: an application to climate change in the Mediterranean (2002) Ecological Modelling, 155, pp. 127-147; Medlyn, B.E., De Kauwe, M.G., Duursma, R.A., New developments in the effort to model ecosystems under water stress (2016) New Phytologist, 212, pp. 5-7; Meinzer, F.C., Goldstein, G., Scaling up from leaves to whole plants and canopies for photosynthetic gas exchange (1996) Tropical forest plant ecophysiology, pp. 114-138. , In, Mulkey SS, Chazdon RL, Smith AP, eds., New York, NY, USA, Chapman & Hall; Meinzer, F.C., James, S.A., Goldstein, G., Woodruff, D., Whole-tree water transport scales with sapwood capacitance in tropical forest canopy trees (2003) Plant, Cell & Environment, 26, pp. 1147-1155; Meinzer, F.C., Johnson, D.M., Lachenbruch, B., McCulloh, K.A., Woodruff, D.R., Xylem hydraulic safety margins in woody plants: coordination of stomatal control of xylem tension with hydraulic capacitance (2009) Functional Ecology, 23, pp. 922-930; Meinzer, F.C., Woodruff, D.R., Domec, J.C., Goldstein, G., Campanello, P.I., Gatti, M.G., Villalobos-Vega, R., Coordination of leaf and stem water transport properties in tropical forest trees (2008) Oecologia, 156, pp. 31-41; Mencuccini, M., Minunno, F., Salmon, Y., Martínez-Vilalta, J., Hölttä, T., Coordination of physiological traits involved in drought-induced mortality of woody plants (2015) New Phytologist, 208, pp. 396-409; Morris, H., Plavcova, L., Cvecko, P., Fichtler, E., Gillingham, M.A.F., Martinez-Cabrera, H.I., McGlinn, D.J., Zieminska, K., A global analysis of parenchyma tissue fractions in secondary xylem of seed plants (2016) New Phytologist, 209, pp. 1553-1565; 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Esquivel-Muelbert, A.; Baker, T.R.; Dexter, K.G.; Lewis, S.L.; Brienen, R.J.W.; Feldpausch, T.R.; Lloyd, J.; Monteagudo-Mendoza, A.; Arroyo, L.; Álvarez-Dávila, E.; Higuchi, N.; Marimon, B.S.; Marimon-Junior, B.H.; Silveira, M.; Vilanova, E.; Gloor, E.; Malhi, Y.; Chave, J.; Barlow, J.; Bonal, D.; Davila Cardozo, N.; Erwin, T.; Fauset, S.; Hérault, B.; Laurance, S.; Poorter, L.; Qie, L.; Stahl, C.; Sullivan, M.J.P.; ter Steege, H.; Vos, V.A.; Zuidema, P.A.; Almeida, E.; Almeida de Oliveira, E.; Andrade, A.; Vieira, S.A.; Aragão, L.; Araujo-Murakami, A.; Arets, E.; Aymard C, G.A.; Baraloto, C.; Camargo, P.B.; Barroso, J.G.; Bongers, F.; Boot, R.; Camargo, J.L.; Castro, W.; Chama Moscoso, V.; Comiskey, J.; Cornejo Valverde, F.; Lola da Costa, A.C.; del Aguila Pasquel, J.; Di Fiore, A.; Fernanda Duque, L.; Elias, F.; Engel, J.; Flores Llampazo, G.; Galbraith, D.; Herrera Fernández, R.; Honorio Coronado, E.; Hubau, W.; Jimenez-Rojas, E.; Lima, A.J.N.; Umetsu, R.K.; Laurance, W.; Lopez-Gonzalez, G.; Lovejoy, T.; Aurelio Melo Cruz, O.; Morandi, P.S.; Neill, D.; Núñez Vargas, P.; Pallqui Camacho, N.C.; Parada Gutierrez, A.; Pardo, G.; Peacock, J.; Peña-Claros, M.; Peñuela-Mora, M.C.; Petronelli, P.; Pickavance, G.C.; Pitman, N.; Prieto, A.; Quesada, C.; Ramírez-Angulo, H.; Réjou-Méchain, M.; Restrepo Correa, Z.; Roopsind, A.; Rudas, A.; Salomão, R.; Silva, N.; Silva Espejo, J.; Singh, J.; Stropp, J.; Terborgh, J.; Thomas, R.; Toledo, M.; Torres-Lezama, A.; Valenzuela Gamarra, L.; van de Meer, P.J.; van der Heijden, G.; van der Hout, P.; Vasquez Martinez, R.; Vela, C.; Vieira, I.C.G.; Phillips, O.L. |
| Title |
Compositional response of Amazon forests to climate change |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Global Change Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Global Change Biol. |
| Volume |
25 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
39-56 |
| Keywords |
bioclimatic niches; climate change; compositional shifts; functional traits; temporal trends; tropical forests; bioclimatology; climate change; floristics; lowland environment; niche; temporal variation; tropical forest; Amazonia; carbon dioxide; water; biodiversity; Brazil; classification; climate change; ecosystem; forest; physiology; season; tree; tropic climate; Biodiversity; Brazil; Carbon Dioxide; Climate Change; Ecosystem; Forests; Seasons; Trees; Tropical Climate; Water |
| Abstract |
Most of the planet's diversity is concentrated in the tropics, which includes many regions undergoing rapid climate change. Yet, while climate-induced biodiversity changes are widely documented elsewhere, few studies have addressed this issue for lowland tropical ecosystems. Here we investigate whether the floristic and functional composition of intact lowland Amazonian forests have been changing by evaluating records from 106 long-term inventory plots spanning 30 years. We analyse three traits that have been hypothesized to respond to different environmental drivers (increase in moisture stress and atmospheric CO 2 concentrations): maximum tree size, biogeographic water-deficit affiliation and wood density. Tree communities have become increasingly dominated by large-statured taxa, but to date there has been no detectable change in mean wood density or water deficit affiliation at the community level, despite most forest plots having experienced an intensification of the dry season. However, among newly recruited trees, dry-affiliated genera have become more abundant, while the mortality of wet-affiliated genera has increased in those plots where the dry season has intensified most. Thus, a slow shift to a more dry-affiliated Amazonia is underway, with changes in compositional dynamics (recruits and mortality) consistent with climate-change drivers, but yet to significantly impact whole-community composition. The Amazon observational record suggests that the increase in atmospheric CO 2 is driving a shift within tree communities to large-statured species and that climate changes to date will impact forest composition, but long generation times of tropical trees mean that biodiversity change is lagging behind climate change. |
| Address |
Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Pará, Brazil |
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Blackwell Publishing Ltd |
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13541013 (Issn) |
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Cited By :21; Export Date: 6 January 2020; Correspondence Address: Esquivel-Muelbert, A.; School of Geography, University of LeedsUnited Kingdom; email: adriane.esquivel@gmail.com |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
905 |
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| Author |
Kattge, J.; Bönisch, G.; Díaz, S.; Lavorel, S.; Prentice, I.C.; Leadley, P.; Tautenhahn, S.; Werner, G.D.A.; Aakala, T.; Abedi, M.; Acosta, A.T.R.; Adamidis, G.C.; Adamson, K.; Aiba, M.; Albert, C.H.; Alcántara, J.M.; Alcázar C, C.; Aleixo, I.; Ali, H.; Amiaud, B.; Ammer, C.; Amoroso, M.M.; Anand, M.; Anderson, C.; Anten, N.; Antos, J.; Apgaua, D.M.G.; Ashman, T.-L.; Asmara, D.H.; Asner, G.P.; Aspinwall, M.; Atkin, O.; Aubin, I.; Baastrup-Spohr, L.; Bahalkeh, K.; Bahn, M.; Baker, T.; Baker, W.J.; Bakker, J.P.; Baldocchi, D.; Baltzer, J.; Banerjee, A.; Baranger, A.; Barlow, J.; Barneche, D.R.; Baruch, Z.; Bastianelli, D.; Battles, J.; Bauerle, W.; Bauters, M.; Bazzato, E.; Beckmann, M.; Beeckman, H.; Beierkuhnlein, C.; Bekker, R.; Belfry, G.; Belluau, M.; Beloiu, M.; Benavides, R.; Benomar, L.; Berdugo-Lattke, M.L.; Berenguer, E.; Bergamin, R.; Bergmann, J.; Bergmann Carlucci, M.; Berner, L.; Bernhardt-Römermann, M.; Bigler, C.; Bjorkman, A.D.; Blackman, C.; Blanco, C.; Blonder, B.; Blumenthal, D.; Bocanegra-González, K.T.; Boeckx, P.; Bohlman, S.; Böhning-Gaese, K.; Boisvert-Marsh, L.; Bond, W.; Bond-Lamberty, B.; Boom, A.; Boonman, C.C.F.; Bordin, K.; Boughton, E.H.; Boukili, V.; Bowman, D.M.J.S.; Bravo, S.; Brendel, M.R.; Broadley, M.R.; Brown, K.A.; Bruelheide, H.; Brumnich, F.; Bruun, H.H.; Bruy, D.; Buchanan, S.W.; Bucher, S.F.; Buchmann, N.; Buitenwerf, R.; Bunker, D.E.; Bürger, J.; Burrascano, S.; Burslem, D.F.R.P.; Butterfield, B.J.; Byun, C.; Marques, M.; Scalon, M.C.; Caccianiga, M.; Cadotte, M.; Cailleret, M.; Camac, J.; Camarero, J.J.; Campany, C.; Campetella, G.; Campos, J.A.; Cano-Arboleda, L.; Canullo, R.; Carbognani, M.; Carvalho, F.; Casanoves, F.; Castagneyrol, B.; Catford, J.A.; Cavender-Bares, J.; Cerabolini, B.E.L.; Cervellini, M.; Chacón-Madrigal, E.; Chapin, K.; Chapin, F.S.; Chelli, S.; Chen, S.-C.; Chen, A.; Cherubini, P.; Chianucci, F.; Choat, B.; Chung, K.-S.; Chytrý, M.; Ciccarelli, D.; Coll, L.; Collins, C.G.; Conti, L.; Coomes, D.; Cornelissen, J.H.C.; Cornwell, W.K.; Corona, P.; Coyea, M.; Craine, J.; Craven, D.; Cromsigt, J.P.G.M.; Csecserits, A.; Cufar, K.; Cuntz, M.; da Silva, A.C.; Dahlin, K.M.; Dainese, M.; Dalke, I.; Dalle Fratte, M.; Dang-Le, A.T.; Danihelka, J.; Dannoura, M.; Dawson, S.; de Beer, A.J.; De Frutos, A.; De Long, J.R.; Dechant, B.; Delagrange, S.; Delpierre, N.; Derroire, G.; Dias, A.S.; Diaz-Toribio, M.H.; Dimitrakopoulos, P.G.; Dobrowolski, M.; Doktor, D.; Dřevojan, P.; Dong, N.; Dransfield, J.; Dressler, S.; Duarte, L.; Ducouret, E.; Dullinger, S.; Durka, W.; Duursma, R.; Dymova, O.; E-Vojtkó, A.; Eckstein, R.L.; Ejtehadi, H.; Elser, J.; Emilio, T.; Engemann, K.; Erfanian, M.B.; Erfmeier, A.; Esquivel-Muelbert, A.; Esser, G.; Estiarte, M.; Domingues, T.F.; Fagan, W.F.; Fagúndez, J.; Falster, D.S.; Fan, Y.; Fang, J.; Farris, E.; Fazlioglu, F.; Feng, Y.; Fernandez-Mendez, F.; Ferrara, C.; Ferreira, J.; Fidelis, A.; Finegan, B.; Firn, J.; Flowers, T.J.; Flynn, D.F.B.; Fontana, V.; Forey, E.; Forgiarini, C.; François, L.; Frangipani, M.; Frank, D.; Frenette-Dussault, C.; Freschet, G.T.; Fry, E.L.; Fyllas, N.M.; Mazzochini, G.G.; Gachet, S.; Gallagher, R.; Ganade, G.; Ganga, F.; García-Palacios, P.; Gargaglione, V.; Garnier, E.; Garrido, J.L.; de Gasper, A.L.; Gea-Izquierdo, G.; Gibson, D.; Gillison, A.N.; Giroldo, A.; Glasenhardt, M.-C.; Gleason, S.; Gliesch, M.; Goldberg, E.; Göldel, B.; Gonzalez-Akre, E.; Gonzalez-Andujar, J.L.; González-Melo, A.; González-Robles, A.; Graae, B.J.; Granda, E.; Graves, S.; Green, W.A.; Gregor, T.; Gross, N.; Guerin, G.R.; Günther, A.; Gutiérrez, A.G.; Haddock, L.; Haines, A.; Hall, J.; Hambuckers, A.; Han, W.; Harrison, S.P.; Hattingh, W.; Hawes, J.E.; He, T.; He, P.; Heberling, J.M.; Helm, A.; Hempel, S.; Hentschel, J.; Hérault, B.; Hereş, A.-M.; Herz, K.; Heuertz, M.; Hickler, T.; Hietz, P.; Higuchi, P.; Hipp, A.L.; Hirons, A.; Hock, M.; Hogan, J.A.; Holl, K.; Honnay, O.; Hornstein, D.; Hou, E.; Hough-Snee, N.; Hovstad, K.A.; Ichie, T.; Igić, B.; Illa, E.; Isaac, M.; Ishihara, M.; Ivanov, L.; Ivanova, L.; Iversen, C.M.; Izquierdo, J.; Jackson, R.B.; Jackson, B.; Jactel, H.; Jagodzinski, A.M.; Jandt, U.; Jansen, S.; Jenkins, T.; Jentsch, A.; Jespersen, J.R.P.; Jiang, G.-F.; Johansen, J.L.; Johnson, D.; Jokela, E.J.; Joly, C.A.; Jordan, G.J.; Joseph, G.S.; Junaedi, D.; Junker, R.R.; Justes, E.; Kabzems, R.; Kane, J.; Kaplan, Z.; Kattenborn, T.; Kavelenova, L.; Kearsley, E.; Kempel, A.; Kenzo, T.; Kerkhoff, A.; Khalil, M.I.; Kinlock, N.L.; Kissling, W.D.; Kitajima, K.; Kitzberger, T.; Kjøller, R.; Klein, T.; Kleyer, M.; Klimešová, J.; Klipel, J.; Kloeppel, B.; Klotz, S.; Knops, J.M.H.; Kohyama, T.; Koike, F.; Kollmann, J.; Komac, B.; Komatsu, K.; König, C.; Kraft, N.J.B.; Kramer, K.; Kreft, H.; Kühn, I.; Kumarathunge, D.; Kuppler, J.; Kurokawa, H.; Kurosawa, Y.; Kuyah, S.; Laclau, J.-P.; Lafleur, B.; Lallai, E.; Lamb, E.; Lamprecht, A.; Larkin, D.J.; Laughlin, D.; Le Bagousse-Pinguet, Y.; le Maire, G.; le Roux, P.C.; le Roux, E.; Lee, T.; Lens, F.; Lewis, S.L.; Lhotsky, B.; Li, Y.; Li, X.; Lichstein, J.W.; Liebergesell, M.; Lim, J.Y.; Lin, Y.-S.; Linares, J.C.; Liu, C.; Liu, D.; Liu, U.; Livingstone, S.; Llusià, J.; Lohbeck, M.; López-García, Á.; Lopez-Gonzalez, G.; Lososová, Z.; Louault, F.; Lukács, B.A.; Lukeš, P.; Luo, Y.; Lussu, M.; Ma, S.; Maciel Rabelo Pereira, C.; Mack, M.; Maire, V.; Mäkelä, A.; Mäkinen, H.; Malhado, A.C.M.; Mallik, A.; Manning, P.; Manzoni, S.; Marchetti, Z.; Marchino, L.; Marcilio-Silva, V.; Marcon, E.; Marignani, M.; Markesteijn, L.; Martin, A.; Martínez-Garza, C.; Martínez-Vilalta, J.; Mašková, T.; Mason, K.; Mason, N.; Massad, T.J.; Masse, J.; Mayrose, I.; McCarthy, J.; McCormack, M.L.; McCulloh, K.; McFadden, I.R.; McGill, B.J.; McPartland, M.Y.; Medeiros, J.S.; Medlyn, B.; Meerts, P.; Mehrabi, Z.; Meir, P.; Melo, F.P.L.; Mencuccini, M.; Meredieu, C.; Messier, J.; Mészáros, I.; Metsaranta, J.; Michaletz, S.T.; Michelaki, C.; Migalina, S.; Milla, R.; Miller, J.E.D.; Minden, V.; Ming, R.; Mokany, K.; Moles, A.T.; Molnár, A., V; Molofsky, J.; Molz, M.; Montgomery, R.A.; Monty, A.; Moravcová, L.; Moreno-Martínez, A.; Moretti, M.; Mori, A.S.; Mori, S.; Morris, D.; Morrison, J.; Mucina, L.; Mueller, S.; Muir, C.D.; Müller, S.C.; Munoz, F.; Myers-Smith, I.H.; Myster, R.W.; Nagano, M.; Naidu, S.; Narayanan, A.; Natesan, B.; Negoita, L.; Nelson, A.S.; Neuschulz, E.L.; Ni, J.; Niedrist, G.; Nieto, J.; Niinemets, Ü.; Nolan, R.; Nottebrock, H.; Nouvellon, Y.; Novakovskiy, A.; Nystuen, K.O.; O'Grady, A.; O'Hara, K.; O'Reilly-Nugent, A.; Oakley, S.; Oberhuber, W.; Ohtsuka, T.; Oliveira, R.; Öllerer, K.; Olson, M.E.; Onipchenko, V.; Onoda, Y.; Onstein, R.E.; Ordonez, J.C.; Osada, N.; Ostonen, I.; Ottaviani, G.; Otto, S.; Overbeck, G.E.; Ozinga, W.A.; Pahl, A.T.; Paine, C.E.T.; Pakeman, R.J.; Papageorgiou, A.C.; Parfionova, E.; Pärtel, M.; Patacca, M.; Paula, S.; Paule, J.; Pauli, H.; Pausas, J.G.; Peco, B.; Penuelas, J.; Perea, A.; Peri, P.L.; Petisco-Souza, A.C.; Petraglia, A.; Petritan, A.M.; Phillips, O.L.; Pierce, S.; Pillar, V.D.; Pisek, J.; Pomogaybin, A.; Poorter, H.; Portsmuth, A.; Poschlod, P.; Potvin, C.; Pounds, D.; Powell, A.S.; Power, S.A.; Prinzing, A.; Puglielli, G.; Pyšek, P.; Raevel, V.; Rammig, A.; Ransijn, J.; Ray, C.A.; Reich, P.B.; Reichstein, M.; Reid, D.E.B.; Réjou-Méchain, M.; de Dios, V.R.; Ribeiro, S.; Richardson, S.; Riibak, K.; Rillig, M.C.; Riviera, F.; Robert, E.M.R.; Roberts, S.; Robroek, B.; Roddy, A.; Rodrigues, A.V.; Rogers, A.; Rollinson, E.; Rolo, V.; Römermann, C.; Ronzhina, D.; Roscher, C.; Rosell, J.A.; Rosenfield, M.F.; Rossi, C.; Roy, D.B.; Royer-Tardif, S.; Rüger, N.; Ruiz-Peinado, R.; Rumpf, S.B.; Rusch, G.M.; Ryo, M.; Sack, L.; Saldaña, A.; Salgado-Negret, B.; Salguero-Gomez, R.; Santa-Regina, I.; Santacruz-García, A.C.; Santos, J.; Sardans, J.; Schamp, B.; Scherer-Lorenzen, M.; Schleuning, M.; Schmid, B.; Schmidt, M.; Schmitt, S.; Schneider, J.V.; Schowanek, S.D.; Schrader, J.; Schrodt, F.; Schuldt, B.; Schurr, F.; Selaya Garvizu, G.; Semchenko, M.; Seymour, C.; Sfair, J.C.; Sharpe, J.M.; Sheppard, C.S.; Sheremetiev, S.; Shiodera, S.; Shipley, B.; Shovon, T.A.; Siebenkäs, A.; Sierra, C.; Silva, V.; Silva, M.; Sitzia, T.; Sjöman, H.; Slot, M.; Smith, N.G.; Sodhi, D.; Soltis, P.; Soltis, D.; Somers, B.; Sonnier, G.; Sørensen, M.V.; Sosinski, E.E., Jr.; Soudzilovskaia, N.A.; Souza, A.F.; Spasojevic, M.; Sperandii, M.G.; Stan, A.B.; Stegen, J.; Steinbauer, K.; Stephan, J.G.; Sterck, F.; Stojanovic, D.B.; Strydom, T.; Suarez, M.L.; Svenning, J.-C.; Svitková, I.; Svitok, M.; Svoboda, M.; Swaine, E.; Swenson, N.; Tabarelli, M.; Takagi, K.; Tappeiner, U.; Tarifa, R.; Tauugourdeau, S.; Tavsanoglu, C.; te Beest, M.; Tedersoo, L.; Thiffault, N.; Thom, D.; Thomas, E.; Thompson, K.; Thornton, P.E.; Thuiller, W.; Tichý, L.; Tissue, D.; Tjoelker, M.G.; Tng, D.Y.P.; Tobias, J.; Török, P.; Tarin, T.; Torres-Ruiz, J.M.; Tóthmérész, B.; Treurnicht, M.; Trivellone, V.; Trolliet, F.; Trotsiuk, V.; Tsakalos, J.L.; Tsiripidis, I.; Tysklind, N.; Umehara, T.; Usoltsev, V.; Vadeboncoeur, M.; Vaezi, J.; Valladares, F.; Vamosi, J.; van Bodegom, P.M.; van Breugel, M.; Van Cleemput, E.; van de Weg, M.; van der Merwe, S.; van der Plas, F.; van der Sande, M.T.; van Kleunen, M.; Van Meerbeek, K.; Vanderwel, M.; Vanselow, K.A.; Vårhammar, A.; Varone, L.; Vasquez Valderrama, M.Y.; Vassilev, K.; Vellend, M.; Veneklaas, E.J.; Verbeeck, H.; Verheyen, K.; Vibrans, A.; Vieira, I.; Villacís, J.; Violle, C.; Vivek, P.; Wagner, K.; Waldram, M.; Waldron, A.; Walker, A.P.; Waller, M.; Walther, G.; Wang, H.; Wang, F.; Wang, W.; Watkins, H.; Watkins, J.; Weber, U.; Weedon, J.T.; Wei, L.; Weigelt, P.; Weiher, E.; Wells, A.W.; Wellstein, C.; Wenk, E.; Westoby, M.; Westwood, A.; White, P.J.; Whitten, M.; Williams, M.; Winkler, D.E.; Winter, K.; Womack, C.; Wright, I.J.; Wright, S.J.; Wright, J.; Pinho, B.X.; Ximenes, F.; Yamada, T.; Yamaji, K.; Yanai, R.; Yankov, N.; Yguel, B.; Zanini, K.J.; Zanne, A.E.; Zelený, D.; Zhao, Y.-P.; Zheng, J.; Zheng, J.; Ziemińska, K.; Zirbel, C.R.; Zizka, G.; Zo-Bi, I.C.; Zotz, G.; Wirth, C.; The Nutrient Network |
| Title |
TRY plant trait database – enhanced coverage and open access |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Global Change Biol. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Global Change Biol. |
| Volume |
26 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
119-188 |
| Keywords |
data coverage; data integration; data representativeness; functional diversity; plant traits; TRY plant trait database; biodiversity; data processing; database; ecological modeling; environmental factor; growth; intraspecific competition; access to information; biodiversity; ecology; ecosystem; plant; Access to Information; Biodiversity; Ecology; Ecosystem; Plants |
| Abstract |
Plant traits—the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants—determine how plants respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, and influence ecosystem properties and their benefits and detriments to people. Plant trait data thus represent the basis for a vast area of research spanning from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology, to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem and landscape management, restoration, biogeography and earth system modelling. Since its foundation in 2007, the TRY database of plant traits has grown continuously. It now provides unprecedented data coverage under an open access data policy and is the main plant trait database used by the research community worldwide. Increasingly, the TRY database also supports new frontiers of trait-based plant research, including the identification of data gaps and the subsequent mobilization or measurement of new data. To support this development, in this article we evaluate the extent of the trait data compiled in TRY and analyse emerging patterns of data coverage and representativeness. Best species coverage is achieved for categorical traits—almost complete coverage for ‘plant growth form’. However, most traits relevant for ecology and vegetation modelling are characterized by continuous intraspecific variation and trait–environmental relationships. These traits have to be measured on individual plants in their respective environment. Despite unprecedented data coverage, we observe a humbling lack of completeness and representativeness of these continuous traits in many aspects. We, therefore, conclude that reducing data gaps and biases in the TRY database remains a key challenge and requires a coordinated approach to data mobilization and trait measurements. This can only be achieved in collaboration with other initiatives. |
| Address |
Institute for Biology and Environmental Sciences, University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany |
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| Publisher |
Blackwell Publishing Ltd |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
13541013 (Issn) |
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no |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
918 |
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| Author |
Legeay, J.; Husson, C.; Boudier, B.; Louisanna, E.; Baraloto, C.; Schimann, H.; Marcais, B.; Buée, M. |
| Title |
Surprising low diversity of the plant pathogen Phytophthora in Amazonian forests |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Environmental Microbiology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Environ. Microbiol. |
| Volume |
22 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
5019-5032 |
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| Abstract |
The genus Phytophthora represents a group of plant pathogens with broad global distribution. The majority of them cause the collar and root-rot of diverse plant species. Little is known about Phytophthora communities in forest ecosystems, especially in the Neotropical forests where natural enemies could maintain the huge plant diversity via negative density dependence. We characterized the diversity of soil-borne Phytophthora communities in the North French Guiana rainforest and investigated how they are structured by host identity and environmental factors. In this little-explored habitat, 250 soil cores were sampled from 10 plots hosting 10 different plant families across three forest environments (Terra Firme, Seasonally Flooded and White Sand). Phytophthora diversity was studied using a baiting approach and metabarcoding (High-Throughput Sequencing) on environmental DNA extracted from both soil samples and baiting-leaves. These three approaches revealed very similar communities, characterized by an unexpected low diversity of Phytophthora species, with the dominance of two cryptic species close to Phytophthora heveae. As expected, the Phytophthora community composition of the French Guiana rainforest was significantly impacted by the host plant family and environment. However, these plant pathogen communities are very small and are dominated by generalist species, questioning their potential roles as drivers of plant diversity in these Amazonian forests. © 2020 Society for Applied Microbiology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. |
| Address |
International Center for Tropical Botany, Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, United States |
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Blackwell Publishing Ltd |
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14622912 (Issn) |
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no |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
940 |
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Svensk, M.; Coste, S.; Gérard, B.; Gril, E.; Julien, F.; Maillard, P.; Stahl, C.; Leroy, C. |
| Title |
Drought effects on resource partition and conservation among leaf ontogenetic stages in epiphytic tank bromeliads |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Physiologia Plantarum |
Abbreviated Journal |
Physiol. Plant. |
| Volume |
170 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
488-507 |
| Keywords |
chlorophyll; nitrogen; water; Bromeliaceae; drought; metabolism; photosynthesis; plant leaf; Bromeliaceae; Chlorophyll; Droughts; Nitrogen; Photosynthesis; Plant Leaves; Water |
| Abstract |
Studying the response to drought stress of keystone epiphytes such as tank bromeliads is essential to better understand their resistance capacity to future climate change. The objective was to test whether there is any variation in the carbon, water and nutrient status among different leaf ontogenetic stages in a bromeliad rosette subjected to a gradient of drought stress. We used a semi-controlled experiment consisting in a gradient of water shortage in Aechmea aquilega and Lutheria splendens. For each bromeliad and drought treatment, three leaves were collected based on their position in the rosette and several functional traits related to water and nutrient status, and carbon metabolism were measured. We found that water status traits (relative water content, leaf succulence, osmotic and midday water potentials) and carbon metabolism traits (carbon assimilation, maximum quantum yield of photosystem II, chlorophyll and starch contents) decreased with increasing drought stress, while leaf soluble sugars and carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus contents remained unchanged. The different leaf ontogenetic stages showed only marginal variations when subjected to a gradient of drought. Resources were not reallocated between different leaf ontogenetic stages but we found a reallocation of soluble sugars from leaf starch reserves to the root system. Both species were capable of metabolic and physiological adjustments in response to drought. Overall, this study advances our understanding of the resistance of bromeliads faced with increasing drought stress and paves the way for in-depth reflection on their strategies to cope with water shortage. © 2020 Scandinavian Plant Physiology Society |
| Address |
Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, 31062, France |
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Blackwell Publishing Ltd |
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00319317 (Issn) |
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PDF trop gros voir la documentaliste – merci |
Approved |
no |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
943 |
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Verryckt, L.T.; Ellsworth, D.S.; Vicca, S.; Van Langenhove, L.; Peñuelas, J.; Ciais, P.; Posada, J.M.; Stahl, C.; Coste, S.; Courtois, E.A.; Obersteiner, M.; Chave, J.; Janssens, I.A. |
| Title |
Can light-saturated photosynthesis in lowland tropical forests be estimated by one light level? |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Biotropica |
Abbreviated Journal |
Biotropica |
| Volume |
52 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
1183-1193 |
| Keywords |
canopy architecture; interspecific variation; light intensity; lowland environment; parameter estimation; photon flux density; photosynthesis; saturation; tropical forest; French Guiana |
| Abstract |
Leaf-level net photosynthesis (An) estimates and associated photosynthetic parameters are crucial for accurately parameterizing photosynthesis models. For tropical forests, such data are poorly available and collected at variable light conditions. To avoid over- or underestimation of modeled photosynthesis, it is critical to know at which photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) photosynthesis becomes light-saturated. We studied the dependence of An on PPFD in two tropical forests in French Guiana. We estimated the light saturation range, including the lowest PPFD level at which Asat (An at light saturation) is reached, as well as the PPFD range at which Asat remained unaltered. The light saturation range was derived from photosynthetic light-response curves, and within-canopy and interspecific differences were studied. We observed wide light saturation ranges of An. Light saturation ranges differed among canopy heights, but a PPFD level of 1,000 µmol m−2 s−1 was common across all heights, except for pioneer trees species that did not reach light saturation below 2,000 µmol m−2 s−1. A light intensity of 1,000 µmol m−2 s−1 sufficed for measuring Asat of climax species at our study sites, independent of the species or the canopy height. Because of the wide light saturation ranges, results from studies measuring Asat at higher PPFD levels (for upper canopy leaves up to 1,600 µmol m−2 s−1) are comparable with studies measuring at 1,000 µmol m−2 s−1. © 2020 The Association for Tropical Biology and Conservation |
| Address |
UMR 5174, Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France |
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Blackwell Publishing Ltd |
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Edition |
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00063606 (Issn) |
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no |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
948 |
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Schmitt, S.; Hérault, B.; Ducouret, É.; Baranger, A.; Tysklind, N.; Heuertz, M.; Marcon, É.; Cazal, S.O.; Derroire, G. |
| Title |
Topography consistently drives intra- and inter-specific leaf trait variation within tree species complexes in a Neotropical forest |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Oikos |
Abbreviated Journal |
Oikos |
| Volume |
129 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
1521-1530 |
| Keywords |
intraspecific variability; leaf traits; Paracou; species complex; syngameon; tropical forests; Bayesian analysis; coexistence; divergence; genetic variation; hierarchical system; leaf area; local adaptation; niche overlap; species diversity; topography; tropical forest; Guyana Shield |
| Abstract |
Tropical forests shelter the highest species diversity worldwide, although genus diversity is lower than expected. In the species-rich genera, species complexes are composed of closely-related species that share large amounts of genetic variation. Despite the key role of species complexes in diversification, evolution and functioning of ecological communities, little is known on why species complexes arise and how they are maintained in Neotropical forests. Examining how individual phenotypes vary along environmental gradients, within and among closely-related species within species complexes, can reveal processes allowing species coexistence within species complexes. We examined leaf functional trait variation with topography in a hyperdiverse tropical forest of the Guiana Shield. We collected leaf functional traits from 766 trees belonging to five species in two species complexes in permanent plots encompassing a diversity of topographic positions. We tested the role of topography on leaf functional trait variation with a hierarchical Bayesian model, controlling for individual tree diameter effect. We show that, mirroring what has been previously observed among species and communities, individual leaf traits covary from acquisitive to conservative strategy within species. Moreover, decreasing wetness from bottomlands to plateaus was associated with a shift of leaf traits from an acquisitive to a conservative strategy both across and within closely-related species. Our results suggest that intraspecific trait variability widens species’ niches and converges at species’ margins where niches overlap, potentially implying local neutral processes. Intraspecific trait variability favors local adaptation and divergence of closely-related species within species complexes. It is potentially maintained through interspecific sharing of genetic variation through hybridization. © 2020 Nordic Society Oikos. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd |
| Address |
INRAE, UMR EcoFoG (Agroparistech, CNRS, Cirad, Université des Antilles, Univ. de la Guyane), Kourou, French Guiana |
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Blackwell Publishing Ltd |
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00301299 (Issn) |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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950 |
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Levionnois, S.; Ziegler, C.; Jansen, S.; Calvet, E.; Coste, S.; Stahl, C.; Salmon, C.; Delzon, S.; Guichard, C.; Heuret, P. |
| Title |
Vulnerability and hydraulic segmentations at the stem–leaf transition: coordination across Neotropical trees |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2020 |
Publication |
New Phytologist |
Abbreviated Journal |
New Phytol. |
| Volume |
228 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
512-524 |
| Keywords |
drought-induced embolism resistance; hydraulic segmentation; leaf-specific conductivity; stem–leaf transition; tropical trees; vulnerability segmentation; air bubble; hydraulic conductivity; leaf; Neotropical Region; rainforest; tropical forest; vulnerability; xylem |
| Abstract |
Hydraulic segmentation at the stem–leaf transition predicts higher hydraulic resistance in leaves than in stems. Vulnerability segmentation, however, predicts lower embolism resistance in leaves. Both mechanisms should theoretically favour runaway embolism in leaves to preserve expensive organs such as stems, and should be tested for any potential coordination. We investigated the theoretical leaf-specific conductivity based on an anatomical approach to quantify the degree of hydraulic segmentation across 21 tropical rainforest tree species. Xylem resistance to embolism in stems (flow-centrifugation technique) and leaves (optical visualization method) was quantified to assess vulnerability segmentation. We found a pervasive hydraulic segmentation across species, but with a strong variability in the degree of segmentation. Despite a clear continuum in the degree of vulnerability segmentation, eight species showed a positive vulnerability segmentation (leaves less resistant to embolism than stems), whereas the remaining species studied exhibited a negative or no vulnerability segmentation. The degree of vulnerability segmentation was positively related to the degree of hydraulic segmentation, such that segmented species promote both mechanisms to hydraulically decouple leaf xylem from stem xylem. To what extent hydraulic and vulnerability segmentation determine drought resistance requires further integration of the leaf–stem transition at the whole-plant level, including both xylem and outer xylem tissue. © 2020 The Authors. New Phytologist © 2020 New Phytologist Trust |
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Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, BIOGECO, Pessac, F-33615, France |
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Blackwell Publishing Ltd |
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0028646x (Issn) |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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952 |
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Longo, M.; Saatchi, S.; Keller, M.; Bowman, K.; Ferraz, A.; Moorcroft, P.R.; Morton, D.C.; Bonal, D.; Brando, P.; Burban, B.; Derroire, G.; dos-Santos, M.N.; Meyer, V.; Saleska, S.; Trumbore, S.; Vincent, G. |
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Impacts of Degradation on Water, Energy, and Carbon Cycling of the Amazon Tropical Forests |
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Journal Article |
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2020 |
Publication |
Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Geophys. Res. Biogeosci. |
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125 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
e2020JG005677 |
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Amazon; drought; ecosystem modeling; evapotranspiration; forest degradation; remote sensing; carbon cycle; deforestation; dry season; evapotranspiration; hydrological cycle; logging (timber); net primary production; remote sensing; sensible heat flux; tropical forest; understory; water stress; Amazon River |
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Selective logging, fragmentation, and understory fires directly degrade forest structure and composition. However, studies addressing the effects of forest degradation on carbon, water, and energy cycles are scarce. Here, we integrate field observations and high-resolution remote sensing from airborne lidar to provide realistic initial conditions to the Ecosystem Demography Model (ED-2.2) and investigate how disturbances from forest degradation affect gross primary production (GPP), evapotranspiration (ET), and sensible heat flux (H). We used forest structural information retrieved from airborne lidar samples (13,500 ha) and calibrated with 817 inventory plots (0.25 ha) across precipitation and degradation gradients in the eastern Amazon as initial conditions to ED-2.2 model. Our results show that the magnitude and seasonality of fluxes were modulated by changes in forest structure caused by degradation. During the dry season and under typical conditions, severely degraded forests (biomass loss ≥66%) experienced water stress with declines in ET (up to 34%) and GPP (up to 35%) and increases of H (up to 43%) and daily mean ground temperatures (up to 6.5°C) relative to intact forests. In contrast, the relative impact of forest degradation on energy, water, and carbon cycles markedly diminishes under extreme, multiyear droughts, as a consequence of severe stress experienced by intact forests. Our results highlight that the water and energy cycles in the Amazon are driven by not only climate and deforestation but also the past disturbance and changes of forest structure from degradation, suggesting a much broader influence of human land use activities on the tropical ecosystems. ©2020. The Authors. |
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AMAP, Univ Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, CNRS, INRAE, Montpellier, France |
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Blackwell Publishing Ltd |
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21698953 (Issn) |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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957 |
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