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Gargallo-Garriga, A.; Sardans, J.; Granda, V.; Llusià, J.; Peguero, G.; Asensio, D.; Ogaya, R.; Urbina, I.; Van Langenhove, L.; Verryckt, L.T.; Chave, J.; Courtois, E.A.; Stahl, C.; Grau, O.; Klem, K.; Urban, O.; Janssens, I.A.; Peñuelas, J. |
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Title |
Different “metabolomic niches” of the highly diverse tree species of the French Guiana rainforests |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Scientific Reports |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sci. Rep. |
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10 |
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6937 |
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article; ecological niche; French Guiana; metabolome; plant leaf; rainy season; reproduction; stress; tropical rain forest |
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Tropical rainforests harbor a particularly high plant diversity. We hypothesize that potential causes underlying this high diversity should be linked to distinct overall functionality (defense and growth allocation, anti-stress mechanisms, reproduction) among the different sympatric taxa. In this study we tested the hypothesis of the existence of a metabolomic niche related to a species-specific differential use and allocation of metabolites. We tested this hypothesis by comparing leaf metabolomic profiles of 54 species in two rainforests of French Guiana. Species identity explained most of the variation in the metabolome, with a species-specific metabolomic profile across dry and wet seasons. In addition to this “homeostatic” species-specific metabolomic profile significantly linked to phylogenetic distances, also part of the variance (flexibility) of the metabolomic profile was explained by season within a single species. Our results support the hypothesis of the high diversity in tropical forest being related to a species-specific metabolomic niche and highlight ecometabolomics as a tool to identify this species functional diversity related and consistent with the ecological niche theory. © 2020, The Author(s). |
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INRA, UMR EcoFoG, CNRS, Cirad, AgroParisTech, Université des Antilles, Université de Guyane, Kourou, 97310, France |
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Nature Research |
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20452322 (Issn) |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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930 |
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Romero, G.Q.; Marino, N.A.C.; MacDonald, A.A.M.; Céréghino, R.; Trzcinski, M.K.; Mercado, D.A.; Leroy, C.; Corbara, B.; Farjalla, V.F.; Barberis, I.M.; Dézerald, O.; Hammill, E.; Atwood, T.B.; Piccoli, G.C.O.; Bautista, F.O.; Carrias, J.-F.; Leal, J.S.; Montero, G.; Antiqueira, P.A.P.; Freire, R.; Realpe, E.; Amundrud, S.L.; de Omena, P.M.; Campos, A.B.A.; Kratina, P.; O’Gorman, E.J.; Srivastava, D.S. |
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Title |
Extreme rainfall events alter the trophic structure in bromeliad tanks across the Neotropics |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Nature Communications |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nat. Commun. |
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Volume |
11 |
Issue |
3215 |
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Keywords |
fresh water; rain; fresh water; agricultural intensification; angiosperm; biomass; climate change; ecosystem function; extreme event; food web; freshwater ecosystem; Neotropic Ecozone; precipitation intensity; rainfall; trophic structure; Article; biomass; Central America; controlled study; detritivore; drought; flooding; food web; hydrology; microcosm; Neotropics; nonhuman; precipitation; predator; South America; trophic level; animal; biodiversity; Bromelia; climate change; ecosystem; flooding; food chain; Central America; South America; Animals; Biodiversity; Biomass; Bromelia; Climate Change; Droughts; Ecosystem; Floods; Food Chain; Fresh Water; Hydrology; South America |
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Changes in global and regional precipitation regimes are among the most pervasive components of climate change. Intensification of rainfall cycles, ranging from frequent downpours to severe droughts, could cause widespread, but largely unknown, alterations to trophic structure and ecosystem function. We conducted multi-site coordinated experiments to show how variation in the quantity and evenness of rainfall modulates trophic structure in 210 natural freshwater microcosms (tank bromeliads) across Central and South America (18°N to 29°S). The biomass of smaller organisms (detritivores) was higher under more stable hydrological conditions. Conversely, the biomass of predators was highest when rainfall was uneven, resulting in top-heavy biomass pyramids. These results illustrate how extremes of precipitation, resulting in localized droughts or flooding, can erode the base of freshwater food webs, with negative implications for the stability of trophic dynamics. © 2020, The Author(s). |
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Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil |
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Nature Research |
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20411723 (Issn) |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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944 |
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Esquivel-Muelbert, A.; Phillips, O.L.; Brienen, R.J.W.; Fauset, S.; Sullivan, M.J.P.; Baker, T.R.; Chao, K.-J.; Feldpausch, T.R.; Gloor, E.; Higuchi, N.; Houwing-Duistermaat, J.; Lloyd, J.; Liu, H.; Malhi, Y.; Marimon, B.; Marimon Junior, B.H.; Monteagudo-Mendoza, A.; Poorter, L.; Silveira, M.; Torre, E.V.; Dávila, E.A.; del Aguila Pasquel, J.; Almeida, E.; Loayza, P.A.; Andrade, A.; Aragão, L.E.O.C.; Araujo-Murakami, A.; Arets, E.; Arroyo, L.; Aymard C, G.A.; Baisie, M.; Baraloto, C.; Camargo, P.B.; Barroso, J.; Blanc, L.; Bonal, D.; Bongers, F.; Boot, R.; Brown, F.; Burban, B.; Camargo, J.L.; Castro, W.; Moscoso, V.C.; Chave, J.; Comiskey, J.; Valverde, F.C.; da Costa, A.L.; Cardozo, N.D.; Di Fiore, A.; Dourdain, A.; Erwin, T.; Llampazo, G.F.; Vieira, I.C.G.; Herrera, R.; Honorio Coronado, E.; Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, I.; Jimenez-Rojas, E.; Killeen, T.; Laurance, S.; Laurance, W.; Levesley, A.; Lewis, S.L.; Ladvocat, K.L.L.M.; Lopez-Gonzalez, G.; Lovejoy, T.; Meir, P.; Mendoza, C.; Morandi, P.; Neill, D.; Nogueira Lima, A.J.; Vargas, P.N.; de Oliveira, E.A.; Camacho, N.P.; Pardo, G.; Peacock, J.; Peña-Claros, M.; Peñuela-Mora, M.C.; Pickavance, G.; Pipoly, J.; Pitman, N.; Prieto, A.; Pugh, T.A.M.; Quesada, C.; Ramirez-Angulo, H.; de Almeida Reis, S.M.; Rejou-Machain, M.; Correa, Z.R.; Bayona, L.R.; Rudas, A.; Salomão, R.; Serrano, J.; Espejo, J.S.; Silva, N.; Singh, J.; Stahl, C.; Stropp, J.; Swamy, V.; Talbot, J.; ter Steege, H.; Terborgh, J.; Thomas, R.; Toledo, M.; Torres-Lezama, A.; Gamarra, L.V.; van der Heijden, G.; van der Meer, P.; van der Hout, P.; Martinez, R.V.; Vieira, S.A.; Cayo, J.V.; Vos, V.; Zagt, R.; Zuidema, P.; Galbraith, D. |
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Title |
Tree mode of death and mortality risk factors across Amazon forests |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Nature Communications |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nat. Commun. |
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Volume |
11 |
Issue |
5515 |
Pages |
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Keywords |
bioclimatology; carbon sink; ecological modeling; growth; holistic approach; mortality; mortality risk; risk factor; survival; trade-off; tropical forest; article; climate; controlled study; forest; growth rate; human; mortality rate; mortality risk; survival; biological model; biomass; Brazil; carbon sequestration; ecology; ecosystem; environmental monitoring; growth, development and aging; proportional hazards model; risk factor; tree; tropic climate; Amazonia; carbon dioxide; Biomass; Brazil; Carbon Dioxide; Carbon Sequestration; Ecology; Ecosystem; Environmental Monitoring; Forests; Models, Biological; Proportional Hazards Models; Risk Factors; Trees; Tropical Climate |
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Abstract |
The carbon sink capacity of tropical forests is substantially affected by tree mortality. However, the main drivers of tropical tree death remain largely unknown. Here we present a pan-Amazonian assessment of how and why trees die, analysing over 120,000 trees representing > 3800 species from 189 long-term RAINFOR forest plots. While tree mortality rates vary greatly Amazon-wide, on average trees are as likely to die standing as they are broken or uprooted—modes of death with different ecological consequences. Species-level growth rate is the single most important predictor of tree death in Amazonia, with faster-growing species being at higher risk. Within species, however, the slowest-growing trees are at greatest risk while the effect of tree size varies across the basin. In the driest Amazonian region species-level bioclimatic distributional patterns also predict the risk of death, suggesting that these forests are experiencing climatic conditions beyond their adaptative limits. These results provide not only a holistic pan-Amazonian picture of tree death but large-scale evidence for the overarching importance of the growth–survival trade-off in driving tropical tree mortality. © 2020, The Author(s). |
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Address |
Tropenbos International, Wageningen, Netherlands |
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Nature Research |
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20411723 (Issn) |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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945 |
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ter Steege, H.; Prado, P.I.; Lima, R.A.F.; Pos, E.; de Souza Coelho, L.; de Andrade Lima Filho, D.; Salomão, R.P.; Amaral, I.L.; de Almeida Matos, F.D.; Castilho, C.V.; Phillips, O.L.; Guevara, J.E.; de Jesus Veiga Carim, M.; Cárdenas López, D.; Magnusson, W.E.; Wittmann, F.; Martins, M.P.; Sabatier, D.; Irume, M.V.; da Silva Guimarães, J.R.; Molino, J.-F.; Bánki, O.S.; Piedade, M.T.F.; Pitman, N.C.A.; Ramos, J.F.; Monteagudo Mendoza, A.; Venticinque, E.M.; Luize, B.G.; Núñez Vargas, P.; Silva, T.S.F.; de Leão Novo, E.M.M.; Reis, N.F.C.; Terborgh, J.; Manzatto, A.G.; Casula, K.R.; Honorio Coronado, E.N.; Montero, J.C.; Duque, A.; Costa, F.R.C.; Castaño Arboleda, N.; Schöngart, J.; Zartman, C.E.; Killeen, T.J.; Marimon, B.S.; Marimon-Junior, B.H.; Vasquez, R.; Mostacedo, B.; Demarchi, L.O.; Feldpausch, T.R.; Engel, J.; Petronelli, P.; Baraloto, C.; Assis, R.L.; Castellanos, H.; Simon, M.F.; de Medeiros, M.B.; Quaresma, A.; Laurance, S.G.W.; Rincón, L.M.; Andrade, A.; Sousa, T.R.; Camargo, J.L.; Schietti, J.; Laurance, W.F.; de Queiroz, H.L.; Nascimento, H.E.M.; Lopes, M.A.; de Sousa Farias, E.; Magalhães, J.L.L.; Brienen, R.; Aymard C, G.A.; Revilla, J.D.C.; Vieira, I.C.G.; Cintra, B.B.L.; Stevenson, P.R.; Feitosa, Y.O.; Duivenvoorden, J.F.; Mogollón, H.F.; Araujo-Murakami, A.; Ferreira, L.V.; Lozada, J.R.; Comiskey, J.A.; de Toledo, J.J.; Damasco, G.; Dávila, N.; Lopes, A.; García-Villacorta, R.; Draper, F.; Vicentini, A.; Cornejo Valverde, F.; Lloyd, J.; Gomes, V.H.F.; Neill, D.; Alonso, A.; Dallmeier, F.; de Souza, F.C.; Gribel, R.; Arroyo, L.; Carvalho, F.A.; de Aguiar, D.P.P.; do Amaral, D.D.; Pansonato, M.P.; Feeley, K.J.; Berenguer, E.; Fine, P.V.A.; Guedes, M.C.; Barlow, J.; Ferreira, J.; Villa, B.; Peñuela Mora, M.C.; Jimenez, E.M.; Licona, J.C.; Cerón, C.; Thomas, R.; Maas, P.; Silveira, M.; Henkel, T.W.; Stropp, J.; Paredes, M.R.; Dexter, K.G.; Daly, D.; Baker, T.R.; Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, I.; Milliken, W.; Pennington, T.; Tello, J.S.; Pena, J.L.M.; Peres, C.A.; Klitgaard, B.; Fuentes, A.; Silman, M.R.; Di Fiore, A.; von Hildebrand, P.; Chave, J.; van Andel, T.R.; Hilário, R.R.; Phillips, J.F.; Rivas-Torres, G.; Noronha, J.C.; Prieto, A.; Gonzales, T.; de Sá Carpanedo, R.; Gonzales, G.P.G.; Gómez, R.Z.; de Jesus Rodrigues, D.; Zent, E.L.; Ruschel, A.R.; Vos, V.A.; Fonty, É.; Junqueira, A.B.; Doza, H.P.D.; Hoffman, B.; Zent, S.; Barbosa, E.M.; Malhi, Y.; de Matos Bonates, L.C.; de Andrade Miranda, I.P.; Silva, N.; Barbosa, F.R.; Vela, C.I.A.; Pinto, L.F.M.; Rudas, A.; Albuquerque, B.W.; Umaña, M.N.; Carrero Márquez, Y.A.; van der Heijden, G.; Young, K.R.; Tirado, M.; Correa, D.F.; Sierra, R.; Costa, J.B.P.; Rocha, M.; Vilanova Torre, E.; Wang, O.; Oliveira, A.A.; Kalamandeen, M.; Vriesendorp, C.; Ramirez-Angulo, H.; Holmgren, M.; Nascimento, M.T.; Galbraith, D.; Flores, B.M.; Scudeller, V.V.; Cano, A.; Ahuite Reategui, M.A.; Mesones, I.; Baider, C.; Mendoza, C.; Zagt, R.; Urrego Giraldo, L.E.; Ferreira, C.; Villarroel, D.; Linares-Palomino, R.; Farfan-Rios, W.; Farfan-Rios, W.; Casas, L.F.; Cárdenas, S.; Balslev, H.; Torres-Lezama, A.; Alexiades, M.N.; Garcia-Cabrera, K.; Valenzuela Gamarra, L.; Valderrama Sandoval, E.H.; Ramirez Arevalo, F.; Hernandez, L.; Sampaio, A.F.; Pansini, S.; Palacios Cuenca, W.; de Oliveira, E.A.; Pauletto, D.; Levesley, A.; Melgaço, K.; Pickavance, G. |
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Title |
Biased-corrected richness estimates for the Amazonian tree flora |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Scientific Reports |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sci. Rep. |
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Volume |
10 |
Issue |
10130 |
Pages |
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Keywords |
adult; article; averaging; flora; forest; population abundance |
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Abstract |
Amazonian forests are extraordinarily diverse, but the estimated species richness is very much debated. Here, we apply an ensemble of parametric estimators and a novel technique that includes conspecific spatial aggregation to an extended database of forest plots with up-to-date taxonomy. We show that the species abundance distribution of Amazonia is best approximated by a logseries with aggregated individuals, where aggregation increases with rarity. By averaging several methods to estimate total richness, we confirm that over 15,000 tree species are expected to occur in Amazonia. We also show that using ten times the number of plots would result in an increase to just ~50% of those 15,000 estimated species. To get a more complete sample of all tree species, rigorous field campaigns may be needed but the number of trees in Amazonia will remain an estimate for years to come. © 2020, The Author(s). |
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Instituto de Biodiversidade e Floresta, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Rua Vera Paz, Campus Tapajós, Santarém, PA 68015-110, Brazil |
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Nature Research |
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20452322 (Issn) |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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946 |
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Thomas, H.J.D.; Bjorkman, A.D.; Myers-Smith, I.H.; Elmendorf, S.C.; Kattge, J.; Diaz, S.; Vellend, M.; Blok, D.; Cornelissen, J.H.C.; Forbes, B.C.; Henry, G.H.R.; Hollister, R.D.; Normand, S.; Prevéy, J.S.; Rixen, C.; Schaepman-Strub, G.; Wilmking, M.; Wipf, S.; Cornwell, W.K.; Beck, P.S.A.; Georges, D.; Goetz, S.J.; Guay, K.C.; Rüger, N.; Soudzilovskaia, N.A.; Spasojevic, M.J.; Alatalo, J.M.; Alexander, H.D.; Anadon-Rosell, A.; Angers-Blondin, S.; te Beest, M.; Berner, L.T.; Björk, R.G.; Buchwal, A.; Buras, A.; Carbognani, M.; Christie, K.S.; Collier, L.S.; Cooper, E.J.; Elberling, B.; Eskelinen, A.; Frei, E.R.; Grau, O.; Grogan, P.; Hallinger, M.; Heijmans, M.M.P.D.; Hermanutz, L.; Hudson, J.M.G.; Johnstone, J.F.; Hülber, K.; Iturrate-Garcia, M.; Iversen, C.M.; Jaroszynska, F.; Kaarlejarvi, E.; Kulonen, A.; Lamarque, L.J.; Lantz, T.C.; Lévesque, E.; Little, C.J.; Michelsen, A.; Milbau, A.; Nabe-Nielsen, J.; Nielsen, S.S.; Ninot, J.M.; Oberbauer, S.F.; Olofsson, J.; Onipchenko, V.G.; Petraglia, A.; Rumpf, S.B.; Shetti, R.; Speed, J.D.M.; Suding, K.N.; Tape, K.D.; Tomaselli, M.; Trant, A.J.; Treier, U.A.; Tremblay, M.; Venn, S.E.; Vowles, T.; Weijers, S.; Wookey, P.A.; Zamin, T.J.; Bahn, M.; Blonder, B.; van Bodegom, P.M.; Bond-Lamberty, B.; Campetella, G.; Cerabolini, B.E.L.; Chapin, F.S., III; Craine, J.M.; Dainese, M.; Green, W.A.; Jansen, S.; Kleyer, M.; Manning, P.; Niinemets, Ü.; Onoda, Y.; Ozinga, W.A.; Peñuelas, J.; Poschlod, P.; Reich, P.B.; Sandel, B.; Schamp, B.S.; Sheremetiev, S.N.; de Vries, F.T. |
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Title |
Global plant trait relationships extend to the climatic extremes of the tundra biome |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Nature Communications |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nat. Commun. |
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Volume |
11 |
Issue |
1351 |
Pages |
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Keywords |
biome; climate change; extreme event; global change; growth; interspecific interaction; plant community; tundra; article; plant community; prediction; tundra; warming; classification; climate; ecosystem; genetics; plant; plant development; Climate; Ecosystem; Plant Development; Plants; Tundra |
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Abstract |
The majority of variation in six traits critical to the growth, survival and reproduction of plant species is thought to be organised along just two dimensions, corresponding to strategies of plant size and resource acquisition. However, it is unknown whether global plant trait relationships extend to climatic extremes, and if these interspecific relationships are confounded by trait variation within species. We test whether trait relationships extend to the cold extremes of life on Earth using the largest database of tundra plant traits yet compiled. We show that tundra plants demonstrate remarkably similar resource economic traits, but not size traits, compared to global distributions, and exhibit the same two dimensions of trait variation. Three quarters of trait variation occurs among species, mirroring global estimates of interspecific trait variation. Plant trait relationships are thus generalizable to the edge of global trait-space, informing prediction of plant community change in a warming world. © 2020, Crown. |
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Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Postbus 94240, Amsterdam, 1090 GE, Netherlands |
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Nature Research |
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20411723 (Issn) |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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947 |
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Soong, J.L.; Janssens, I.A.; Grau, O.; Margalef, O.; Stahl, C.; Van Langenhove, L.; Urbina, I.; Chave, J.; Dourdain, A.; Ferry, B.; Freycon, V.; Herault, B.; Sardans, J.; Peñuelas, J.; Verbruggen, E. |
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Title |
Soil properties explain tree growth and mortality, but not biomass, across phosphorus-depleted tropical forests |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Scientific reports |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sci Rep |
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Volume |
10 |
Issue |
2302 |
Pages |
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We observed strong positive relationships between soil properties and forest dynamics of growth and mortality across twelve primary lowland tropical forests in a phosphorus-poor region of the Guiana Shield. Average tree growth (diameter at breast height) increased from 0.81 to 2.1 mm yr-1 along a soil texture gradient from 0 to 67% clay, and increasing metal-oxide content. Soil organic carbon stocks in the top 30 cm ranged from 30 to 118 tons C ha-1, phosphorus content ranged from 7 to 600 mg kg-1 soil, and the relative abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi ranged from 0 to 50%, all positively correlating with soil clay, and iron and aluminum oxide and hydroxide content. In contrast, already low extractable phosphorus (Bray P) content decreased from 4.4 to <0.02 mg kg-1 in soil with increasing clay content. A greater prevalence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in more clayey forests that had higher tree growth and mortality, but not biomass, indicates that despite the greater investment in nutrient uptake required, soils with higher clay content may actually serve to sustain high tree growth in tropical forests by avoiding phosphorus losses from the ecosystem. Our study demonstrates how variation in soil properties that retain carbon and nutrients can help to explain variation in tropical forest growth and mortality, but not biomass, by requiring niche specialization and contributing to biogeochemical diversification across this region. |
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Institut National Polytechnique Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Ivory CoastYamoussoukro, Cote d'Ivoire |
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NLM (Medline) |
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20452322 (Issn) |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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916 |
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Levionnois, S.; Coste, S.; Nicolini, E.; Stahl, C.; Morel, H.; Heuret, P. |
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Title |
Scaling of petiole anatomies, mechanics and vasculatures with leaf size in the widespread Neotropical pioneer tree species Cecropia obtusa Trécul (Urticaceae) |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Tree physiology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Tree Physiol. |
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Volume |
40 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
245-258 |
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Keywords |
allometry; leaf size; petiole anatomy; scaling; theoretical hydraulic conductivity; vessel widening; xylem |
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Abstract |
Although the leaf economic spectrum has deepened our understanding of leaf trait variability, little is known about how leaf traits scale with leaf area. This uncertainty has resulted in the assumption that leaf traits should vary by keeping the same pace of variation with increases in leaf area across the leaf size range. We evaluated the scaling of morphological, tissue-surface and vascular traits with overall leaf area, and the functional significance of such scaling. We examined 1,271 leaves for morphological traits, and 124 leaves for anatomical and hydraulic traits, from 38 trees of Cecropia obtusa Trécul (Urticaceae) in French Guiana. Cecropia is a Neotropical genus of pioneer trees that can exhibit large laminas (0.4 m2 for C. obtusa), with leaf size ranging by two orders of magnitude. We measured (i) tissue fractions within petioles and their second moment of area, (ii) theoretical xylem hydraulic efficiency of petioles and (iii) the extent of leaf vessel widening within the hydraulic path. We found that different scaling of morphological trait variability allows for optimisation of lamina display among larger leaves, especially the positive allometric relationship between lamina area and petiole cross-sectional area. Increasing the fraction of pith is a key factor that increases the geometrical effect of supportive tissues on mechanical rigidity and thereby increases carbon-use efficiency. We found that increasing xylem hydraulic efficiency with vessel size results in lower leaf lamina area: xylem ratios, which also results in potential carbon savings for large leaves. We found that the vessel widening is consistent with hydraulic optimisation models. Leaf size variability modifies scaling of leaf traits in this large-leaved species. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permission@oup.com. |
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Address |
UMR AMAP, CIRAD, CNRS, IRD, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, 34398, France |
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NLM (Medline) |
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ISSN |
17584469 (Issn) |
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Notes |
Export Date: 16 March 2020 |
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no |
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Call Number |
EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
921 |
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Author |
Ntawuhiganayo, E.B.; Uwizeye, F.K.; Zibera, E.; Dusenge, M.E.; Ziegler, C.; Ntirugulirwa, B.; Nsabimana, D.; Wallin, G.; Uddling, J. |
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Title |
Traits controlling shade tolerance in tropical montane trees |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Tree physiology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Tree Physiol. |
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Volume |
40 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
183-197 |
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Keywords |
biomass allocation; leaf temperature; plant traits; Rwanda; shade intolerance; shade tolerance; tropical montane forest; article; biomass allocation; breathing; canopy; carbon balance; compensation; photosynthesis; plant leaf; plant stem; rain forest; Rwanda; shade tolerance; species difference; sweating |
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Abstract |
Tropical canopies are complex, with multiple canopy layers and pronounced gap dynamics contributing to their high species diversity and productivity. An important reason for this complexity is the large variation in shade tolerance among different tree species. At present, we lack a clear understanding of which plant traits control this variation, e.g., regarding the relative contributions of whole-plant versus leaf traits or structural versus physiological traits. We investigated a broad range of traits in six tropical montane rainforest tree species with different degrees of shade tolerance, grown under three different radiation regimes (under the open sky or beneath sparse or dense canopies). The two distinct shade-tolerant species had higher fractional biomass in leaves and branches while shade-intolerant species invested more into stems, and these differences were greater under low radiation. Leaf respiration and photosynthetic light compensation point did not vary with species shade tolerance, regardless of radiation regime. Leaf temperatures in open plots were markedly higher in shade-tolerant species due to their low transpiration rates and large leaf sizes. Our results suggest that interspecific variation in shade tolerance of tropical montane trees is controlled by species differences in whole-plant biomass allocation strategy rather than by difference in physiological leaf traits determining leaf carbon balance at low radiation. © The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press. |
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Address |
Rwanda Agriculture and Animal Resources Development, PO Box 5016Kigali, Rwanda |
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NLM (Medline) |
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17584469 (Issn) |
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Notes |
Export Date: 16 March 2020 |
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Call Number |
EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
922 |
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Author |
Carrias, J.-F.; Gerphagnon, M.; Rodríguez-Pérez, H.; Borrel, G.; Loiseau, C.; Corbara, B.; Céréghino, R.; Mary, I.; Leroy, C. |
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Title |
Resource availability drives bacterial succession during leaf-litter decomposition in a bromeliad ecosystem |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
FEMS microbiology ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. |
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Volume |
96 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
fiaa045 |
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Keywords |
16S rRNA gene; amplicon sequencing; bacterial diversity; community ecology; decomposition; ecological succession |
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Abstract |
Despite the growing number of investigations on microbial succession during the last decade, most of our knowledge on primary succession of bacteria in natural environments comes from conceptual models and/or studies of chronosequences. Successional patterns of litter-degrading bacteria remain poorly documented, especially in undisturbed environments. Here we conducted an experiment with tank bromeliads as natural freshwater microcosms to assess major trends in bacterial succession on two leaf-litter species incubated with or without animal exclusion. We used amplicon sequencing and a co-occurrence network to assess changes in bacterial community structure according to treatments. Alpha-diversity and community complexity displayed the same trends regardless of the treatments, highlighting that primary succession of detrital-bacteria is subject to resource limitation and biological interactions, much like macro-organisms. Shifts in bacterial assemblages along the succession were characterized by an increase in uncharacterized taxa and potential N-fixing bacteria, the latter being involved in positive co-occurrence between taxa. These findings support the hypothesis of interdependence between taxa as a significant niche-based process shaping bacterial communities during the advanced stage of succession. © FEMS 2020. |
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Address |
AMAP, IRD, CIRAD, CNRS, INRA, Université Montpellier, Montpellier, France |
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NLM (Medline) |
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ISSN |
15746941 (Issn) |
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Notes |
Export Date: 14 April 2020 |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
926 |
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Author |
Touchard, A.; Aili, S.R.; Téné, N.; Barassé, V.; Klopp, C.; Dejean, A.; Kini, R.M.; Mrinalini; Coquet, L.; Jouenne, T.; Lefranc, B.; Leprince, J.; Escoubas, P.; Nicholson, G.M.; Treilhou, M.; Bonnafé, E. |
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Title |
Venom Peptide Repertoire of the European Myrmicine Ant Manica rubida: Identification of Insecticidal Toxins |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Journal of proteome research |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Proteome Res. |
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Volume |
19 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
1800-1811 |
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Keywords |
glycosylated toxin; peptidome; polycationic α-helix; predation; pyroglutamate; reversible neurotoxicity |
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Abstract |
Using an integrated transcriptomic and proteomic approach, we characterized the venom peptidome of the European red ant, Manica rubida. We identified 13 “myrmicitoxins” that share sequence similarities with previously identified ant venom peptides, one of them being identified as an EGF-like toxin likely resulting from a threonine residue modified by O-fucosylation. Furthermore, we conducted insecticidal assays of reversed-phase HPLC venom fractions on the blowfly Lucilia caesar, permitting us to identify six myrmicitoxins (i.e., U3-, U10-, U13-, U20-MYRTX-Mri1a, U10-MYRTX-Mri1b, and U10-MYRTX-Mri1c) with an insecticidal activity. Chemically synthesized U10-MYRTX-Mri1a, -Mri1b, -Mri1c, and U20-MYRTX-Mri1a irreversibly paralyzed blowflies at the highest doses tested (30-125 nmol·g-1). U13-MYRTX-Mri1a, the most potent neurotoxic peptide at 1 h, had reversible effects after 24 h (150 nmol·g-1). Finally, U3-MYRTX-Mri1a has no insecticidal activity, even at up to 55 nmol·g-1. Thus, M. rubida employs a paralytic venom rich in linear insecticidal peptides, which likely act by disrupting cell membranes. |
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Address |
VenomeTech, 473 Route des Dolines – Villa 3, Valbonne, 06560, France |
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NLM (Medline) |
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15353907 (Issn) |
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Notes |
Export Date: 20 April 2020 |
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Call Number |
EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
927 |
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