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Author Fortunel, C.; Fine, P.V.A.; Baraloto, C. url  openurl
  Title Leaf, stem and root tissue strategies across 758 Neotropical tree species Type Journal Article
  Year 2012 Publication (down) Functional Ecology Abbreviated Journal Funct. Ecol.  
  Volume 26 Issue 5 Pages 1153-1161  
  Keywords French Guiana; Functional trade-offs; Leaf economics; Peru; Plant traits; Tropical forest; Wood economics  
  Abstract 1. Trade-offs among functional traits reveal major plant strategies that can give insight into species distributions and ecosystem processes. However, current identification of plant strategies lacks the integration of root structural traits together with leaf and stem traits. 2. We examined correlations among 14 traits representing leaf, stem and woody root tissues. Traits were measured on 1084 individuals representing 758 Neotropical tree species, across 13 sites representative of the environmental variation encompassed by three widespread habitats (seasonally flooded, clay terra firme and white-sand forests) at opposite ends of Amazonia (French Guiana and Peru). 3. Woody root traits were closely aligned with stem traits, but not with leaf traits. Altogether leaf, stem and woody root traits delineated two orthogonal axes of functional trade-offs: a first axis defined by leaf traits, corresponding to a 'leaf economics spectrum', and a second axis defined by covarying stem and woody root traits, corresponding to a 'wood economics spectrum'. These axes remained consistent when accounting for species evolutionary history with phylogenetically independent contrasts. 4. Despite the strong species turnover across sites, the covariation among root and stem structural traits as well as their orthogonality to leaf traits were strongly consistent across habitats and regions. 5. We conclude that root structural traits mirrored stem traits rather than leaf traits in Neotropical trees. Leaf and wood traits define an integrated whole-plant strategy in lowland South American forests that may contribute to a more complete understanding of plant responses to global changes in both correlative and modelling approaches. We suggest further meta-analyses in expanded environmental and geographic zones to determine the generality of this pattern. © 2012 The Authors. Functional Ecology © 2012 British Ecological Society.  
  Address Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, United States  
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  ISSN 02698463 (Issn) ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Export Date: 10 October 2012; Source: Scopus; Coden: Fecoe; doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2435.2012.02020.x; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Fortunel, C.; INRA, UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane, BP 709, 97387 Kourou Cedex, France; email: claire.fortunel@ecofog.gf Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 440  
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Author Chartier, M.; Pélozuelo, L.; Buatois, B.; Bessière, J.-M.; Gibernau, M. url  openurl
  Title Geographical variations of odour and pollinators, and test for local adaptation by reciprocal transplant of two European Arum species Type Journal Article
  Year 2013 Publication (down) Functional Ecology Abbreviated Journal Funct. Ecol.  
  Volume 27 Issue 6 Pages 1367-1381  
  Keywords Deception; Diptera; Floral scent; Geographical mosaic; Psychodidae; Sapromyophily; Transplant experiment  
  Abstract Interactions between entomophilous plants and their pollinators are one of the major factors shaping the evolution of floral features. As species are distributed in more or less connected populations, they have evolved in a geographical mosaic of co-evolution were the outcome of the plant-pollinator interaction is likely to vary as a result of local adaptations. Arum italicum and Arum maculatum are two species of Araceae which deceive their fly pollinators by mimicking the odour of their oviposition sites. Whereas A. italicum is known to be pollinated by flies belonging to different families (i.e. opportunist), A. maculatum relies on only two pollinating species of the family Psychodidae throughout its European repartition area (i.e. specialist). The interannual and geographical variations of pollinators and pollinator-attractive odours were described in several populations of the two species over two consecutive years. Furthermore, local adaptation to pollinators was tested by transplanting inflorescence-bearing plants between two different sites and by recording the number and composition of the insect fauna trapped inside the inflorescences during anthesis as a measure of a fitness component. Pollinators and pollinator-attractive odours of the two Arum species varied in time and space, but there was no clear odour structure between populations. When transplanted, inflorescences of both species trapped the same composition and number of insects as native inflorescences at a given site; this indicates that pollinator composition is highly dependent on the local availability of insects. No pattern of local adaptation was found for these two species, but local pollination conditions were shown to strongly affect the degree of geographical variations of these interactions. The lack of a clear odour geographical structure might be due to high gene flow or to similar selective pressures exerted by pollinators, and the high interindividual odour variation may be linked to the deceptive strategy adopted by the two plant species. © 2013 British Ecological Society.  
  Address Center for Functional and Evolutive Ecology, Université Montpellier 2, 1919 route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France  
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  ISSN 02698463 (Issn) ISBN Medium  
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  Notes Export Date: 29 November 2013; Source: Scopus; Coden: Fecoe; doi: 10.1111/1365-2435.12122; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Gibernau, M.; Joint Research Unit Ecology of Guiana Forests, CNRS-UMR 8172, Campus agronomique, BP 316, Kourou cedex, 97379, France; email: marc.gibernau@ecofog.gf; References: Ackerman, J.D., Cuevas, A.A., Hof, D., Are deception-pollinated species more variable than those offering a reward? (2011) Plant Systematics and Evolution, 293, pp. 91-99; Ackerman, J.D., Meléndez-Ackerman, E.J., Salguero-Faria, J., Variation in pollinator abundance and selection on fragrance phenotypes in an epiphytic orchid (1997) American Journal of Botany, 84, pp. 1383-1390; Adams, R.P., (2007) Identification of Essential Oil Components by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectroscopy, , 4th edn. Allured Publishing, Carol Stream; Albre, J., Gibernau, M., Reproductive biology of Arum italicum (Araceae) in the South of France (2008) Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 156, pp. 43-49; Albre, J., Quilichini, A., Gibernau, M., Pollination ecology of Arum italicum (Araceae) (2003) Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 141, pp. 205-214; Anderson, M.J., A new method for non-parametric multivariate analysis of variance (2001) Austral Ecology, 26, pp. 32-46; Anderson, B., Johnson, S.F., The geographic mosaic of coevolution in a plant-pollinator mutualism (2007) Evolution, 62, pp. 220-225; Angert, A.L., Bradshaw, H.D., Schemske, D.W., Using experimental evolution to investigate geographic range limits in monkey flowers (2008) Evolution, 62, pp. 2660-2675; Ayasse, M., Schiestl, F.P., Paulus, H.F., Löfstedt, C., Hannson, B., Ibarra, F., Francke, W., Evolution of reproductive strategies in the sexually deceptive orchid Ophrys sphegodes: how does flower-specific variation of odor signals influence reproductive success? 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PhD thesis, University of Montpellier, MontpellierGibernau, M., Macquart, D., Przetak, G., Pollination in the genus Arum – a review (2004) Aroideana, 27, pp. 148-166; Gomez, J.M., Bosh, J., Perfectti, F., Fernández, J.D., Abdelaziz, M., Camacho, J.P.M., Spatial variation in selection on corolla shape in a generalist plant is promoted by the preference patterns of its local pollinators (2008) Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 275, pp. 2241-2249; Gomez, J.M., Abdelaziz, M., Camacho, J.P.M., Munoz-Pajares, A.J., Perfectti, F., Local adaptation and maladaptation to pollinators in a generalist geographic mosaic (2009) Ecology Letters, 12, pp. 672-682; Gould, S.J., Johnston, R.F., Geographic variation (1972) Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, 3, pp. 457-498; Hentrich, H., Kaiser, R., Gottsberger, G., Floral biology and reproductive isolation by floral scent in three sympatric Aroid species in French Guyana (2010) Plant Biology, 12, pp. 587-596; Herrera, C.M., Castellanos, M.C., Medrano, M., Geographical context of floral evolution: towards an improved research programme in floral diversification (2006) Ecology and Evolution of Flowers, pp. 278-294. , eds L.D. 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(Diptera: Psychodidae) (1990) Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae, 43, pp. 33-83; Ježek, J., Hájek, J., Psychodidae (Diptera) of the Orlické hory protected landscape area and neighbouring areas with descriptions of two new species from the Czech Republic (2007) Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae, 47, pp. 237-285; Johnson, S.D., Pollinator-driven speciation in plants (2006) Ecology and Evolution of Flowers, pp. 295-310. , eds L.D. Harder & S.C.H. Barrett Oxford University Press, Oxford; Johnson, S.D., Jürgens, A., Convergent evolution of carrion and faecal scent mimicry in fly-pollinated angiosperm flowers and a stinkhorn fungus (2010) South African Journal of Botany, 76, pp. 796-807; Johnson, S.D., Steiner, K.E., Long-tongued fly pollination and evolution of floral spur length in the Disa draconis complex (Orchidaceae) (1997) Evolution, 51, pp. 45-53; Jürgens, A., Dötterl, S., Meve, U., The chemical nature of fetid floral odours in stapeliads (Apocynaceae-Asclepiadoideae-Ceropegieae) (2006) New Phytologist, 172, pp. 452-468; Kato, M., Itioka, T., Sakai, S., Momose, K., Yamane, S., Hamid, A.A., Inoue, T., Various population fluctuation patterns of light-attracted beetles in a tropical lowland dipterocarp forest in Sarawak (2000) Population Ecology, 42, pp. 97-104; Kiester, A.R., Lande, R., Schemske, D.W., Models of coevolution and speciation in plants and their pollinators (1984) The American Naturalist, 1242, pp. 220-243; Kite, G.C., The floral odour of Arum maculatum (1995) Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 23, pp. 343-354; Kite, G.C., Hetterscheid, W.L.A., Lewis, M.J., Boyce, P.C., Ollerton, J., Cocklin, E., Diaz, A., Simmonds, M.S.J., Inflorescence odours and pollinators of Arum and Amorphophallus (Araceae) (1998) Reproductive Biology, pp. 295-315. , (eds S.J. Owens & P.J. Rudall) Royal Botanical Gardens, Kew; Knudsen, J.T., Variation in floral scent composition within and between populations of Geonoma macrostachys (Arecaceae) in the western Amazon (2002) American Journal of Botany, 89, pp. 1772-1778; Knudsen, J.T., Eriksson, R., Gershenzon, J., Ståhl, B., Diversity and distribution of floral scent (2006) The Botanical Review, 72, pp. 1-120; Lack, A.J., Diaz, A., The pollination of Arum maculatum L. – a historical review and new observations (1991) Watsonia, 18, pp. 333-342; Levin, D.A., (2000) The Origin, Expansion and Demise of Plant Species, , Oxford University Press, Oxford; Levin, D.A., Anderson, W.W., Competition for pollinators between simultaneously flowering species (1970) The American Naturalist, 104, pp. 455-467; Linz, J., Stökl, J., Urru, I., Krügel, T., Stensmyr, M.C., Hansson, B.S., Molecular phylogeny of the genus Arum (Araceae) inferred from multi-locus sequence data and AFLPs (2010) Taxon, 59, pp. 405-415; Maia, A.C.D., Dötterl, S., Kaiser, R., Silberbauer-Gottsberger, I., Teichert, H., Gibernau, M., Navarro, D.M.D.F., Gottsberger, G., The key role of 4-methyl-5-vinylthiazole in the attraction of scarab beetle pollinators: a unique olfactory floral signal shared by Annonaceae and Araceae (2012) Journal of Chemical Ecology, 38, pp. 1072-1080; Maia, A.C.D., Gibernau, M., Dötterl, S., Navarro, DM., Seifert, K., Müller, T., Schlindwein, C., The floral scent of Taccarum ulei (araceae): attraction of scarab beetle pollinators to an unusual aliphatic acyloin (2013) Phytochemistry, , http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2013.03.005, (in press); Mant, J., Peakall, R., Schiestl, F.P., Does selection on floral odor promote differentiation among populations and species of the sexually deceptive orchid genus Ophrys? 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  Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 511  
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Author Fanin, N.; Hättenschwiler, S.; Schimann, H.; Fromin, N. url  openurl
  Title Interactive effects of C, N and P fertilization on soil microbial community structure and function in an Amazonian rain forest Type Journal Article
  Year 2015 Publication (down) Functional Ecology Abbreviated Journal Funct. Ecol.  
  Volume 29 Issue 1 Pages 140-150  
  Keywords Ecosystem functioning; Functional significance; Microbial community structure; Multiple resource limitation; Phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA); Phosphorus; Soil functioning; Tropical forest  
  Abstract Resource control over abundance, structure and functional diversity of soil microbial communities is a key determinant of soil processes and related ecosystem functioning. Copiotrophic organisms tend to be found in environments which are rich in nutrients, particularly carbon, in contrast to oligotrophs, which survive in much lower carbon concentrations. We hypothesized that microbial biomass, activity and community structure in nutrient-poor soils of an Amazonian rain forest are limited by multiple elements in interaction. We tested this hypothesis with a fertilization experiment by adding C (as cellulose), N (as urea) and P (as phosphate) in all possible combinations to a total of 40 plots of an undisturbed tropical forest in French Guiana. After 2 years of fertilization, we measured a 47% higher biomass, a 21% increase in substrate-induced respiration rate and a 5-fold higher rate of decomposition of cellulose paper discs of soil microbial communities that grew in P-fertilized plots compared to plots without P fertilization. These responses were amplified with a simultaneous C fertilization suggesting P and C colimitation of soil micro-organisms at our study site. Moreover, P fertilization modified microbial community structure (PLFAs) to a more copiotrophic bacterial community indicated by a significant decrease in the Gram-positive : Gram-negative ratio. The Fungi : Bacteria ratio increased in N fertilized plots, suggesting that fungi are relatively more limited by N than bacteria. Changes in microbial community structure did not affect rates of general processes such as glucose mineralization and cellulose paper decomposition. In contrast, community level physiological profiles under P fertilization combined with either C or N fertilization or both differed strongly from all other treatments, indicating functionally different microbial communities. While P appears to be the most critical from the three major elements we manipulated, the strongest effects were observed in combination with either supplementary C or N addition in support of multiple element control on soil microbial functioning and community structure. We conclude that the soil microbial community in the studied tropical rain forest and the processes it drives is finely tuned by the relative availability in C, N and P. Any shifts in the relative abundance of these key elements may affect spatial and temporal heterogeneity in microbial community structure, their associated functions and the dynamics of C and nutrients in tropical ecosystems.  
  Address INRA, UMR 614 Fractionnement des AgroRessources et Environnement, 2 esplanade Roland GarrosReims, France  
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  Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 583  
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Author Maréchaux, I.; Bartlett, M.K.; Sack, L.; Baraloto, C.; Engel, J.; Joetzjer, E.; Chave, J. url  openurl
  Title Drought tolerance as predicted by leaf water potential at turgor loss point varies strongly across species within an Amazonian forest Type Journal Article
  Year 2015 Publication (down) Functional Ecology Abbreviated Journal Functional Ecology  
  Volume 29 Issue 10 Pages 1268-1277  
  Keywords Climate change; French Guiana; Functional traits; Plant-water relations; Tropical trees; Wilting  
  Abstract Amazonian droughts are predicted to become increasingly frequent and intense, and the vulnerability of Amazonian trees has become increasingly documented. However, little is known about the physiological mechanisms and the diversity of drought tolerance of tropical trees due to the lack of quantitative measurements. Leaf water potential at wilting or turgor loss point (π<inf>tlp</inf>) is a determinant of the tolerance of leaves to drought stress and contributes to plant-level physiological drought tolerance. Recently, it has been demonstrated that leaf osmotic water potential at full hydration (π<inf>o</inf>) is tightly correlated with π<inf>tlp</inf>. Estimating π<inf>tlp</inf> from osmometer measurements of π<inf>o</inf> is much faster than the standard pressure-volume curve approach of π<inf>tlp</inf> determination. We used this technique to estimate π<inf>tlp</inf> for 165 trees of 71 species, at three sites within forests in French Guiana. Our data set represents a significant increase in available data for this trait for tropical tree species. Tropical trees showed a wider range of drought tolerance than previously found in the literature, π<inf>tlp</inf> ranging from -1·4 to -3·2 MPa. This range likely corresponds in part to adaptation and acclimation to occasionally extreme droughts during the dry season. Leaf-level drought tolerance varied across species, in agreement with the available published observations of species variation in drought-induced mortality. On average, species with a more negative π<inf>tlp</inf> (i.e. with greater leaf-level drought tolerance) occurred less frequently across the region than drought-sensitive species. Across individuals, π<inf>tlp</inf> correlated positively but weakly with leaf toughness (R2 = 0·22, P = 0·04) and leaf thickness (R2 = 0·03, P = 0·03). No correlation was detected with other functional traits (leaf mass per area, leaf area, nitrogen or carbon concentrations, carbon isotope ratio, sapwood density or bark thickness). The variability in π<inf>tlp</inf> among species indicates a potential for highly diverse species responses to drought within given forest communities. Given the weak correlations between π<inf>tlp</inf> and traditionally measured plant functional traits, vegetation models seeking to predict forest response to drought should integrate improved quantification of comparative drought tolerance among tree species. © 2015 British Ecological Society.  
  Address CNRM-GAME – URA1357, 42 avenue G. Coriolis, Toulouse, France  
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  Notes Cited By :1; Export Date: 12 October 2015 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 629  
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Author Paine, C.E.T.; Baraloto, C.; Díaz, S. url  openurl
  Title Optimal strategies for sampling functional traits in species-rich forests Type Journal Article
  Year 2015 Publication (down) Functional Ecology Abbreviated Journal Functional Ecology  
  Volume 29 Issue 10 Pages 1325-1331  
  Keywords French Guiana; Functional traits; Plant traits; Sampling design; Specific leaf area; Tropical forest; Wood density  
  Abstract Functional traits provide insight into a variety of ecological questions, yet the optimal sampling method to estimate the community-level distribution of plant functional trait values remains a subject of debate, especially in species-rich forests. We present a simulation analysis of the trait distribution of a set of nine completely sampled permanent plots in the lowland rain forests of French Guiana. Increased sampling intensity consistently improved accuracy in estimating community-weighted means and variances of functional trait values, whereas there was substantial variation among functional traits and minor differences among sampling strategies. Thus, investment in intensified sampling yields a greater improvement in the accuracy of estimation than does an equivalent investment in sampling design complication. Notably, 'taxon-free' strategies frequently had greater accuracy than did abundance-based strategies, which had the additional cost of requiring botanical surveys. We conclude that there is no substitute for extensive field sampling to accurately characterize the distribution of functional trait values in species-rich forests. © 2015 British Ecological Society.  
  Address Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV-CONICET), Departamento de Diversidad Biológica y Ecología, FCEFyN, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, CC 495, Córdoba, Argentina  
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  Notes Export Date: 12 October 2015 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 630  
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Author Dézerald, O.; Srivastava, D.S.; Céréghino, R.; Carrias, J.-F.; Corbara, B.; Farjalla, V.F.; Leroy, C.; Marino, N.A.C.; Piccoli, G.C.O.; Richardson, B.A.; Richardson, M.J.; Romero, G.Q.; González, A.L. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Functional traits and environmental conditions predict community isotopic niches and energy pathways across spatial scales Type Journal Article
  Year 2018 Publication (down) Functional Ecology Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 32 Issue 10 Pages 2423-2434  
  Keywords energy pathways; environmental heterogeneity; food webs; functional biogeography; functional diversity; isotopic niche; metacommunity; trophic structure  
  Abstract Despite ongoing research in food web ecology and functional biogeography, the links between food web structure, functional traits and environmental conditions across spatial scales remain poorly understood. Trophic niches, defined as the amount of energy and elemental space occupied by species and food webs, may help bridge this divide. Here, we ask how the functional traits of species, the environmental conditions of habitats and the spatial scale of analysis jointly determine the characteristics of trophic niches. We used isotopic niches as a proxy of trophic niches, and conducted analyses at spatial scales ranging from local food webs and metacommunities to geographically distant sites. We sampled aquatic macroinvertebrates from 104 tank bromeliads distributed across five sites from Central to South America and compiled the macroinvertebrates’ functional traits and stable isotope values (δ15N and δ13C). We assessed how isotopic niches within each bromeliad were influenced by the functional trait composition of their associated invertebrates and environmental conditions (i.e., habitat size, canopy cover [CC] and detrital concentration [DC]). We then evaluated whether the diet of dominant predators and, consequently, energy pathways within food webs reflected functional and environmental changes among bromeliads across sites. At last, we determined the extent to which the isotopic niches of macroinvertebrates within each bromeliad contributed to the metacommunity isotopic niches within each site and compared these metacommunity-level niches over biogeographic scales. At the bromeliad level, isotopic niches increased with the functional richness of species in the food web and the DC in the bromeliad. The diet of top predators tracked shifts in prey biomass along gradients of CC and DC. Bromeliads that grew under heterogeneous CC displayed less trophic redundancy and therefore combined to form larger metacommunity isotopic niches. At last, the size of metacommunity niches depended on within-site heterogeneity in CC. Our results suggest that the trophic niches occupied by food webs can predictably scale from local food webs to metacommunities to biogeographic regions. This scaling process is determined by both the functional traits of species and heterogeneity in environmental conditions. A plain language summary is available for this article. © 2018 The Authors. Functional Ecology © 2018 British Ecological Society  
  Address Luquillo LTER, Institute for Tropical Ecosystem Studies, College of Natural Sciences, University of Puerto Rico at Rio Piedras, San Juan, Puerto Rico  
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  Notes Export Date: 22 October 2018 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 828  
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Author Céréghino, R.; Pillar, V.D.; Srivastava, D.S.; de Omena, P.M.; MacDonald, A.A.M.; Barberis, I.M.; Corbara, B.; Guzman, L.M.; Leroy, C.; Ospina Bautista, F.; Romero, G.Q.; Trzcinski, M.K.; Kratina, P.; Debastiani, V.J.; Gonçalves, A.Z.; Marino, N.A.C.; Farjalla, V.F.; Richardson, B.A.; Richardson, M.J.; Dézerald, O.; Gilbert, B.; Petermann, J.; Talaga, S.; Piccoli, G.C.O.; Jocqué, M.; Montero, G. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Constraints on the functional trait space of aquatic invertebrates in bromeliads Type Journal Article
  Year 2018 Publication (down) Functional Ecology Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 32 Issue 10 Pages 2435-2447  
  Keywords aquatic invertebrates; ecological strategies; functional diversity; functional trait space; niche hypervolume  
  Abstract Functional traits are commonly used in predictive models that link environmental drivers and community structure to ecosystem functioning. A prerequisite is to identify robust sets of continuous axes of trait variation, and to understand the ecological and evolutionary constraints that result in the functional trait space occupied by interacting species. Despite their diversity and role in ecosystem functioning, little is known of the constraints on the functional trait space of invertebrate biotas of entire biogeographic regions. We examined the ecological strategies and constraints underlying the realized trait space of aquatic invertebrates, using data on 12 functional traits of 852 taxa collected in tank bromeliads from Mexico to Argentina. Principal Component Analysis was used to reduce trait dimensionality to significant axes of trait variation, and the proportion of potential trait space that is actually occupied by all taxa was compared to null model expectations. Permutational Analyses of Variance were used to test whether trait combinations were clade-dependent. The major axes of trait variation represented life-history strategies optimizing resource use and antipredator adaptations. There was evidence for trophic, habitat, defence and life-history niche axes. Bromeliad invertebrates only occupied 16%–23% of the potential space within these dimensions, due to greater concentrations than predicted under uniform or normal distributions. Thus, despite high taxonomic diversity, invertebrates only utilized a small number of successful ecological strategies. Empty areas in trait space represented gaps between major phyla that arose from biological innovations, and trait combinations that are unviable in the bromeliad ecosystem. Only a few phylogenetically distant genera were neighbouring in trait space. Trait combinations aggregated taxa by family and then by order, suggesting that niche conservatism was a widespread mechanism in the diversification of ecological strategies. A plain language summary is available for this article. © 2018 The Authors. Functional Ecology © 2018 British Ecological Society  
  Address Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Zavalla, Argentina  
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  Notes Export Date: 22 October 2018 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 829  
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Author Maréchaux, I.; Bonal, D.; Bartlett, M.K.; Burban, B.; Coste, S.; Courtois, E.A.; Dulormne, M.; Goret, J.-Y.; Mira, E.; Mirabel, A.; Sack, L.; Stahl, C.; Chave, J. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Dry-season decline in tree sapflux is correlated with leaf turgor loss point in a tropical rainforest Type Journal Article
  Year 2018 Publication (down) Functional Ecology Abbreviated Journal Funct Ecol  
  Volume 32 Issue 10 Pages 2285-2297  
  Keywords drought tolerance; hydraulic conductance; sap flow; sapflux density; tropical trees; turgor loss point; water potential; wilting point  
  Abstract Water availability is a key determinant of forest ecosystem function and tree species distributions. While droughts are increasing in frequency in many ecosystems, including in the tropics, plant responses to water supply vary with species and drought intensity and are therefore difficult to model. Based on physiological first principles, we hypothesized that trees with a lower turgor loss point (pi-tlp), that is, a more negative leaf water potential at wilting, would maintain water transport for longer into a dry season. We measured sapflux density of 22 mature trees of 10 species during a dry season in an Amazonian rainforest, quantified sapflux decline as soil water content decreased and tested its relationship to tree pi-tlp, size and leaf predawn and midday water potentials measured after the onset of the dry season. The measured trees varied strongly in the response of water use to the seasonal drought, with sapflux at the end of the dry season ranging from 37 to 117% (on average 83 +/- 5 %) of that at the beginning of the dry season. The decline of water transport as soil dried was correlated with tree pi-tlp (Spearman's rho > 0.63), but not with tree size or predawn and midday water potentials. Thus, trees with more drought-tolerant leaves better maintained water transport during the seasonal drought. Our study provides an explicit correlation between a trait, measurable at the leaf level, and whole-plant performance under drying conditions. Physiological traits such as pi-tlp can be used to assess and model higher scale processes in response to drying conditions.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Wiley/Blackwell (10.1111) Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0269-8463 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes doi: 10.1111/1365-2435.13188 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 830  
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Author González, A.L.; Céréghino, R.; Dézerald, O.; Farjalla, V.F.; Leroy, C.; Richardson, B.A.; Richardson, M.J.; Romero, G.Q.; Srivastava, D.S. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Ecological mechanisms and phylogeny shape invertebrate stoichiometry: A test using detritus-based communities across Central and South America Type Journal Article
  Year 2018 Publication (down) Functional Ecology Abbreviated Journal Funct Ecol  
  Volume 32 Issue 10 Pages 2448-2463  
  Keywords body size scaling; carnivores; detritivores; ecological stoichiometry; macroinvertebrates; nitrogen; phosphorous; phylogenetic signal  
  Abstract Stoichiometric differences among organisms can affect trophic interactions and rates of nutrient cycling within ecosystems. However, we still know little about either the underlying causes of these stoichiometric differences or the consistency of these differences across large geographical extents. Here, we analyse elemental (carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus) composition of 872 aquatic macroinvertebrates (71 species) inhabiting tank bromeliads (n = 140) from five distantly located sites across Central and South America to (i) test phylogenetic, trophic and body size scaling explanations for why organisms differ in elemental composition and (ii) determine whether patterns in elemental composition are universal or context dependent. Taxonomy explained most variance in elemental composition, even though phylogenetic signals were weak and limited to regional spatial extents and to the family level. The highest elemental contents and lowest carbon:nutrient ratios were found in organisms at high trophic levels and with smaller body size, regardless of geographical location. Carnivores may have higher nutrient content and lower carbon:nutrient ratios than their prey, as organisms optimize growth by choosing the most nutrient-rich resources to consume and then preferentially retain nutrients over carbon in their bodies. Smaller organisms grow proportionally faster than large organisms and so are predicted to have higher nutrient requirements to fuel RNA and protein synthesis. Geography influenced the magnitude, more than the direction, of the ecological and/or phylogenetic effects on elemental composition. Overall, our results show that both ecological (i.e. trophic group) and evolutionary drivers explain among-taxa variation in the elemental content of invertebrates, whereas intraspecific variation is mainly a function of body size. Our findings also demonstrate that restricting analyses of macroinvertebrate stoichiometry solely to either the local scale or species level affects inferences of the patterns in invertebrate elemental content and their underlying mechanisms.  
  Address  
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  Publisher John Wiley & Sons, Ltd (10.1111) Place of Publication Editor  
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  ISSN 0269-8463 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes doi: 10.1111/1365-2435.13197 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 849  
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Author Dlouhá, J.; Alméras, T.; Beauchene, J.; Clair, B.; Fournier, M. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Biophysical dependences among functional wood traits Type Journal Article
  Year 2018 Publication (down) Functional Ecology Abbreviated Journal Funct Ecol  
  Volume 32 Issue 12 Pages 2652-2665  
  Keywords basic density; biomechanical traits; hydraulic traits; wood traits  
  Abstract Abstract Wood properties and especially wood density have been used as functional traits organized along major axes of species life history and strategy. Beyond statistical analyses, a better mechanistic understanding of relationships among wood traits is essential for ecologically relevant interpretation of wood trait variations. A set of theoretical relationships mechanistically linking wood basic density with some other wood traits is derived from cellular material physics. These theoretical models picture basic physical constraints and thus provide null hypotheses for further ecological studies. Analysis is applied to data from two original datasets and several datasets extracted from the literature. Results emphasize the strong physical constraint behind the link between basic density and maximal storable water on the one hand, and elastic modulus on the other hand. Beyond these basic physical constraints, the developed framework reveals physically less expected trends: the amount of free water available for physiological needs increases in less dense wood of fast-growing species, and the cell wall stiffness decreases with density in temperate hardwoods and is higher in sapling stages in the rainforest understorey where competition for light is associated with high mechanical risk. We emphasize the use of theoretically independent traits derived from models of cellular material physics to investigate the functional variation of wood traits together with their environmental and phylogenetic variations. Although the current study is limited to basic density, green wood lumen saturation and wood specific modulus, we further emphasize the identification of complementary independent wood traits representing other biomechanical functions, nutrient storage, hydraulic conductance and resistance to drought. A plain language summary is available for this article.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher John Wiley & Sons, Ltd (10.1111) Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0269-8463 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes doi: 10.1111/1365-2435.13209 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 851  
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