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Craine, J.M.; Elmore, A.J.; Wang, L.; Aranibar, J.; Bauters, M.; Boeckx, P.; Crowley, B.E.; Dawes, M.A.; Delzon, S.; Fajardo, A.; Fang, Y.; Fujiyoshi, L.; Gray, A.; Guerrieri, R.; Gundale, M.J.; Hawke, D.J.; Hietz, P.; Jonard, M.; Kearsley, E.; Kenzo, T.; Makarov, M.; Marañón-Jiménez, S.; McGlynn, T.P.; McNeil, B.E.; Mosher, S.G.; Nelson, D.M.; Peri, P.L.; Roggy, J.C.; Sanders-DeMott, R.; Song, M.; Szpak, P.; Templer, P.H.; Van der Colff, D.; Werner, C.; Xu, X.; Yang, Y.; Yu, G.; Zmudczyńska-Skarbek, K. |
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Title |
Isotopic evidence for oligotrophication of terrestrial ecosystems |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2018 |
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Nature Ecology & Evolution |
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2 |
Issue |
11 |
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1735-1744 |
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Human societies depend on an Earth system that operates within a constrained range of nutrient availability, yet the recent trajectory of terrestrial nitrogen (N) availability is uncertain. Examining patterns of foliar N concentrations and isotope ratios (delta15N) from more than 43,000 samples acquired over 37 years, here we show that foliar N concentration declined by 9% and foliar delta15N declined by 0.6–1.6 per thousand. Examining patterns across different climate spaces, foliar delta15N declined across the entire range of mean annual temperature and mean annual precipitation tested. These results suggest declines in N supply relative to plant demand at the global scale. In all, there are now multiple lines of evidence of declining N availability in many unfertilized terrestrial ecosystems, including declines in delta15N of tree rings and leaves from herbarium samples over the past 75–150 years. These patterns are consistent with the proposed consequences of elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide and longer growing seasons. These declines will limit future terrestrial carbon uptake and increase nutritional stress for herbivores. |
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2397-334x |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Craine2018 |
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827 |
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Bruelheide, H.; Dengler, J.; Purschke, O.; Lenoir, J.; Jiménez-Alfaro, B.; Hennekens, S.M.; Botta-Dukát, Z.; Chytrý, M.; Field, R.; Jansen, F.; Kattge, J.; Pillar, V.D.; Schrodt, F.; Mahecha, M.D.; Peet, R.K.; Sandel, B.; van Bodegom, P.; Altman, J.; Alvarez-Dávila, E.; Arfin Khan, M.A.S.; Attorre, F.; Aubin, I.; Baraloto, C.; Barroso, J.G.; Bauters, M.; Bergmeier, E.; Biurrun, I.; Bjorkman, A.D.; Blonder, B.; Čarni, A.; Cayuela, L.; Černý, T.; Cornelissen, J.H.C.; Craven, D.; Dainese, M.; Derroire, G.; De Sanctis, M.; Díaz, S.; Doležal, J.; Farfan-Rios, W.; Feldpausch, T.R.; Fenton, N.J.; Garnier, E.; Guerin, G.R.; Gutiérrez, A.G.; Haider, S.; Hattab, T.; Henry, G.; Hérault, B.; Higuchi, P.; Hölzel, N.; Homeier, J.; Jentsch, A.; Jürgens, N.; Kącki, Z.; Karger, D.N.; Kessler, M.; Kleyer, M.; Knollová, I.; Korolyuk, A.Y.; Kühn, I.; Laughlin, D.C.; Lens, F.; Loos, J.; Louault, F.; Lyubenova, M.I.; Malhi, Y.; Marcenò, C.; Mencuccini, M.; Müller, J.V.; Munzinger, J.; Myers-Smith, I.H.; Neill, D.A.; Niinemets, Ü.; Orwin, K.H.; Ozinga, W.A.; Penuelas, J.; Pérez-Haase, A.; Petřík, P.; Phillips, O.L.; Pärtel, M.; Reich, P.B.; Römermann, C.; Rodrigues, A.V.; Sabatini, F.M.; Sardans, J.; Schmidt, M.; Seidler, G.; Silva Espejo, J.E.; Silveira, M.; Smyth, A.; Sporbert, M.; Svenning, J.-C.; Tang, Z.; Thomas, R.; Tsiripidis, I.; Vassilev, K.; Violle, C.; Virtanen, R.; Weiher, E.; Welk, E.; Wesche, K.; Winter, M.; Wirth, C.; Jandt, U. |
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Title |
Global trait–environment relationships of plant communities |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2018 |
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Nature Ecology & Evolution |
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2 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
1906-1917 |
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Plant functional traits directly affect ecosystem functions. At the species level, trait combinations depend on trade-offs representing different ecological strategies, but at the community level trait combinations are expected to be decoupled from these trade-offs because different strategies can facilitate co-existence within communities. A key question is to what extent community-level trait composition is globally filtered and how well it is related to global versus local environmental drivers. Here, we perform a global, plot-level analysis of trait–environment relationships, using a database with more than 1.1 million vegetation plots and 26,632 plant species with trait information. Although we found a strong filtering of 17 functional traits, similar climate and soil conditions support communities differing greatly in mean trait values. The two main community trait axes that capture half of the global trait variation (plant stature and resource acquisitiveness) reflect the trade-offs at the species level but are weakly associated with climate and soil conditions at the global scale. Similarly, within-plot trait variation does not vary systematically with macro-environment. Our results indicate that, at fine spatial grain, macro-environmental drivers are much less important for functional trait composition than has been assumed from floristic analyses restricted to co-occurrence in large grid cells. Instead, trait combinations seem to be predominantly filtered by local-scale factors such as disturbance, fine-scale soil conditions, niche partitioning and biotic interactions. |
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2397-334x |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Bruelheide2018 |
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844 |
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Barabe, D.; Cuerrier, A.; Quilichini, A. |
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Title |
Botanical gardens: Between science and commercialization |
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Year |
2012 |
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Natures Sciences Societes |
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20 |
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3 |
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334-342 |
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Les jardins botaniques: Entre science et commercialisation. |
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Enseignante-chercheure en Écologie, CNRS, UMR8172 Icologie des Dorêts de Guyane, 97387 Kourou, France |
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Export Date: 3 January 2013; Source: Scopus |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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455 |
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Dejean, A.; Leroy, C.; Corbara, B.; Cereghino, R.; Roux, O.; Herault, B.; Rossi, V.; Guerrero, R.J.; Delabie, J.H.C.; Orivel, J.; Boulay, R. |
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Title |
A temporary social parasite of tropical plant-ants improves the fitness of a myrmecophyte |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Naturwissenschaften |
Abbreviated Journal |
Naturwissenschaften |
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Volume |
97 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
925-934 |
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Keywords |
Ant-plant relationships; Biotic defense; Parasites of mutualisms; Temporary social parasites; Azteca; Cecropia |
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Myrmecophytes offer plant-ants a nesting place in exchange for protection from their enemies, particularly defoliators. These obligate ant-plant mutualisms are common model systems for studying factors that allow horizontally transmitted mutualisms to persist since parasites of ant-myrmecophyte mutualisms exploit the rewards provided by host plants whilst providing no protection in return. In pioneer formations in French Guiana, Azteca alfari and Azteca ovaticeps are known to be mutualists of myrmecophytic Cecropia (Cecropia ants). Here, we show that Azteca andreae, whose colonies build carton nests on myrmecophytic Cecropia, is not a parasite of Azteca-Cecropia mutualisms nor is it a temporary social parasite of A. alfari; it is, however, a temporary social parasite of A. ovaticeps. Contrarily to the two mutualistic Azteca species that are only occasional predators feeding mostly on hemipteran honeydew and food bodies provided by the host trees, A. andreae workers, which also attend hemipterans, do not exploit the food bodies. Rather, they employ an effective hunting technique where the leaf margins are fringed with ambushing workers, waiting for insects to alight. As a result, the host trees' fitness is not affected as A. andreae colonies protect their foliage better than do mutualistic Azteca species resulting in greater fruit production. Yet, contrarily to mutualistic Azteca, when host tree development does not keep pace with colony growth, A. andreae workers forage on surrounding plants; the colonies can even move to a non-Cecropia tree. |
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[Dejean, Alain; Leroy, Celine; Roux, Olivier; Orivel, Jerome] CNRS, F-97379 Kourou, France, Email: alain.dejean@wanadoo.fr |
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0028-1042 |
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ISI:000282094100006 |
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Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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77 |
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Dejean, A.; Grangier, J.; Leroy, C.; Orivel, J. |
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Title |
Predation and aggressiveness in host plant protection: a generalization using ants from the genus Azteca |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Naturwissenschaften |
Abbreviated Journal |
Naturwissenschaften |
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Volume |
96 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
57-63 |
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Keywords |
Aggressiveness; Ant-plant relationships; Biotic defence; Predation |
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In studying the ant genus Azteca, a Neotropical group of arboreal species, we aimed to determine the extent to which the ants use predation and/or aggressiveness to protect their host plants from defoliating insects. We compared a territorially dominant, carton-nester, Azteca chartifex, and three plant-ant species. Azteca alfari and Azteca ovaticeps are associated with the myrmecophyte Cecropia (Cecropiaceae) and their colonies shelter in its hollow branches; whereas Azteca bequaerti is associated with Tococa guianensis (Melastomataceae) and its colonies shelter in leaf pouches situated at the base of the laminas. Whereas A. bequaerti workers react to the vibrations transmitted by the lamina when an alien insect lands on a leaf making it unnecessary for them to patrol their plant, the workers of the three other species rather discover prey by contact. The workers of all four species use a predatory behaviour involving spread-eagling alien insects after recruiting nestmates at short range, and, in some cases, at long range. Because A. alfari and A. ovaticeps discard part of the insects they kill, we deduced that the workers' predatory behaviour and territorial aggressiveness combine in the biotic defence of their host tree. |
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[Dejean, Alain; Leroy, Celine] CNRS, UMR Ecol Forets Guyane 8172, F-97379 Kourou, France, Email: alain.dejean@wanadoo.fr |
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0028-1042 |
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Notes |
ISI:000261791000006 |
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no |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
125 |
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Grangier, J.; Dejean, A.; Male, P.J.G.; Orivel, J. |
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Title |
Indirect defense in a highly specific ant-plant mutualism |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Naturwissenschaften |
Abbreviated Journal |
Naturwissenschaften |
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Volume |
95 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
909-916 |
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Keywords |
Allomerus decemarticulatus; Hirtella physophora; indirect defense; myrmecophytes; optimal defense theory |
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Although associations between myrmecophytes and their plant ants are recognized as a particularly effective form of protective mutualism, their functioning remains incompletely understood. This field study examined the ant-plant Hirtella physophora and its obligate ant associate Allomerus decemarticulatus. We formulated two hypotheses on the highly specific nature of this association: (1) Ant presence should be correlated with a marked reduction in the amount of herbivory on the plant foliage; (2) ant activity should be consistent with the “optimal defense” theory predicting that the most vulnerable and valuable parts of the plant are the best defended. We validated the first hypothesis by demonstrating that for ant-excluded plants, expanding leaves, but also newly matured ones in the long term, suffered significantly more herbivore damage than ant-inhabited plants. We showed that A. decemarticulatus workers represent both constitutive and inducible defenses for their host, by patrolling its foliage and rapidly recruiting nestmates to foliar wounds. On examining how these activities change according to the leaves' developmental stage, we found that the number of patrolling ants dramatically decreased as the leaves matured, while leaf wounds induced ant recruitment regardless of the leaf's age. The resulting level of these indirect defenses was roughly proportional to leaf vulnerability and value during its development, thus validating our second hypothesis predicting optimal protection. This led us to discuss the factors influencing ant activity on the plant's surface. Our study emphasizes the importance of studying both the constitutive and inducible components of indirect defense when evaluating its efficacy and optimality. |
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[Grangier, Julien; Dejean, Alain; Male, Pierre-Jean G.; Orivel, Jerome] Univ Toulouse 3, Lab Evolut & Diversite Biol, CNRS, UMR 5174, F-31062 Toulouse 9, France, Email: grangier@cict.fr |
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0028-1042 |
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ISI:000259737600002 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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207 |
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LaPierre, L.; Hespenheide, H.; Dejean, A. |
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Title |
Wasps robbing food from ants: a frequent behavior? |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Naturwissenschaften |
Abbreviated Journal |
Naturwissenschaften |
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Volume |
94 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
997-1001 |
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Keywords |
cleptobiosis; social wasps; charterginus; polybioides; plant-ants |
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Abstract |
Food robbing, or cleptobiosis, has been well documented throughout the animal kingdom. For insects, intrafamilial food robbing is known among ants, but social wasps (Vespidae; Polistinae) taking food from ants has, to the best of our knowledge, never been reported. In this paper, we present two cases involving social wasps robbing food from ants associated with myrmecophytes. (1) Polybioides tabida F. (Ropalidiini) rob pieces of prey from Tetraponera aethiops Smith (Formicidae; Pseudomyrmecinae) specifically associated with Barteria fistulosa Mast. (Passifloraceae). (2) Charterginus spp. (Epiponini) rob food bodies from myrmecophytic Cecropia (Cecropiaceae) exploited by their Azteca mutualists (Formicidae; Dolichoderinae) or by opportunistic ants (that also attack cleptobiotic wasps). We note here that wasps gather food bodies (1) when ants are not yet active; (2) when ants are active, but avoiding any contact with them by flying off when attacked; and (3) through the coordinated efforts of two to five wasps, wherein one of them prevents the ants from leaving their nest, while the other wasps freely gather the food bodies. We suggest that these interactions are more common than previously thought. |
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CNRS Guyane, UPS2561, UMR5174, F-97300 Cayenne, France, Email: llapierre@lowercolumbia.edu |
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0028-1042 |
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ISI:000250980800006 |
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no |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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153 |
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Dejean, A.; Grangier, J.; Leroy, C.; Orivel, J.; Gilbernau, M. |
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Title |
Nest site selection and induced response in a dominant arboreal ant species |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Naturwissenschaften |
Abbreviated Journal |
Naturwissenschaften |
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Volume |
95 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
885-889 |
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Keywords |
ant-plant relationships; biotic defense; induced responses; predation |
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Abstract |
It is well known that arboreal ants, both territorially dominant species and plant ants (e.g., species associated with myrmecophytes or plants housing them in hollow structures), protect their host trees from defoliators. Nevertheless, the presence of an induced defense, suggested by the fact that the workers discovering a leaf wound recruit nestmates, is only known for plant ants. Based on the results from a field study, we show here (1) that colonies of Azteca chartifex, a territorially dominant, neotropical arboreal ant species, mostly selected Goupia glabra (Goupiaceae) trees in which to build their principal carton nests and (2) that plant signals induced workers to recruit nestmates, which patrol the leaves, likely providing the plant with a biotic defense. Furthermore, the number of recruited workers was clearly higher on G. glabra, their most frequently selected host tree species, than on other tree species. These results show that contrary to what was previously believed, induced responses are also found in territorially dominant arboreal ants and so are not limited to the specific associations between myrmecophytes and plant ants. |
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[Dejean, Alain] CNRS Guyane, UPS 5621, F-97300 Cayenne, France, Email: alain.dejean@wanadoo.fr |
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0028-1042 |
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ISI:000258675700013 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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209 |
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Sobotnik, J.; Sillam-Dusses, D.; Weyda, F.; Dejean, A.; Roisin, Y.; Hanus, R.; Bourguignon, T. |
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Title |
The frontal gland in workers of Neotropical soldierless termites |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Naturwissenschaften |
Abbreviated Journal |
Naturwissenschaften |
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Volume |
97 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
495-503 |
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Keywords |
Frontal gland; Workers; Soldierless termites; Apicotermitinae; Anoplotermes; Aparatermes |
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The presence of the frontal gland is well established in termite soldiers of Rhinotermitidae, Serritermitidae, and Termitidae. It is one of their main defensive adaptations or even an exclusive weapon. The gland was also occasionally reported in alate imagoes, but never in the worker caste. Here, we report the first observation of a frontal gland in workers of several Neotropical and one African species of Apicotermitinae. The ultrastructure of Aparatermes cingulatus and Anoplotermes nr. subterraneus is described in detail. In these two species, the gland is well-developed, functional and consists of class 1 secretory cells. The presence of envelope cells, wrapping the gland, is an unusual feature, as well as the presence of several zonulae adherens, connecting neighbouring glandular cells. The frontal gland of workers is homologous to this organ in soldiers and imagoes, as evidenced by the same position in the head and its connection to the same muscle. However, the defensive role of the frontal gland in workers remains to be confirmed. |
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[Sobotnik, Jan; Sillam-Dusses, David; Hanus, Robert] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Organ Chem & Biochem, Res Team Infochem, CR-16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic, Email: robert@uochb.cas.cz |
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0028-1042 |
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ISI:000277318800007 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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285 |
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Author |
Dejean, A.; Corbara, B.; Azémar, F.; Carpenter, J.M. |
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Title |
When attempts at robbing prey turn fatal |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Naturwissenschaften |
Abbreviated Journal |
Naturwissenschaften |
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Volume |
99 |
Issue |
7 |
Pages |
579-582 |
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Keywords |
Ant predation; Azteca andreae; Cleptobiosis; Flies and dung beetles; Myrmecophyte; Reduviidae; Socialwasps; Stinglessbees |
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Abstract |
Because group-hunting arboreal ants spread-eagle insect prey for a long time before retrieving them, these prey can be coveted by predatory flying insects. Yet, attempting to rob these prey is risky if the ant species is also an effective predator. Here, we show that trying to rob prey from Azteca andreae workers is a fatal error as 268 out of 276 potential cleptobionts (97.1 %) were captured in turn. The ant workers hunt in a group and use the “Velcro®” principle to cling firmly to the leaves of their host tree, permitting them to capture very large prey. Exceptions were one social wasp, plus some Trigona spp. workers and flies that landed directly on the prey and were able to take off immediately when attacked. We conclude that in this situation, previously captured prey attract potential cleptobionts that are captured in turn in most of the cases. © Springer-Verlag 2012. |
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Address |
Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th Street, New York, NY 10024, United States |
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ISSN |
00281042 (Issn) |
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Notes |
Export Date: 30 July 2012; Source: Scopus; Coden: Natwa; doi: 10.1007/s00114-012-0929-x; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Dejean, A.; CNRS, Écologie des Forêts de Guyane (UMR-CNRS 8172), Campus agronomique, BP 316, 97379 Kourou cedex, France; email: alain.dejean@wanadoo.fr |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
417 |
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