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Author Foucaud, J.; Estoup, A.; Loiseau, A.; Rey, O.; Orivel, J. openurl 
  Title Thelytokous parthenogenesis, male clonality and genetic caste determination in the little fire ant: new evidence and insights from the lab Type Journal Article
  Year 2010 Publication (up) Heredity Abbreviated Journal Heredity  
  Volume 105 Issue 2 Pages 205-212  
  Keywords reproduction system; thelytokous parthenogenesis; male clonality; genetic caste determination; Wasmannia auropunctata  
  Abstract Previous studies indicate that some populations of the little fire ant, Wasmannia auropunctata, display an unusual reproduction system polymorphism. Although some populations have a classical haplodiploid reproduction system, in other populations queens are produced by thelytokous parthenogenesis, males are produced by a male clonality system and workers are produced sexually. An atypical genetic caste determination system was also suggested. However, these conclusions were indirectly inferred from genetic studies on field population samples. Here we set up experimental laboratory nests that allow the control of the parental relationships between individuals. The queens heading those nests originated from either putatively clonal or sexual populations. We characterized the male, queen and worker offspring they produced at 12 microsatellite loci. Our results unambiguously confirm the unique reproduction system polymorphism mentioned above and that male clonality is strictly associated with thelytokous parthenogenesis. We also observed direct evidence of the rare production of sexual gynes and arrhenotokous males in clonal populations. Finally, we obtained evidence of a genetic basis for caste determination. The evolutionary significance of the reproduction system polymorphism and genetic caste determination as well as future research opportunities are discussed. Heredity (2010) 105, 205-212; doi: 10.1038/hdy.2009.169; published online 25 November 2009  
  Address [Foucaud, J.; Estoup, A.; Loiseau, A.; Rey, O.] INRA, UMR CBGP, IRD, Cirad,Montpellier SupAgro, Montferrier Sur Lez, France, Email: julien.foucaud@legs.cnrs-gif.fr  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0018-067X ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes ISI:000280111800007 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ Serial 78  
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Author Dutech, C.; Joly, H.I.; Jarne, P. openurl 
  Title Gene flow, historical population dynamics and genetic diversity within French Guianan populations of a rainforest tree species, Vouacapoua americana Type Journal Article
  Year 2004 Publication (up) Heredity Abbreviated Journal Heredity  
  Volume 92 Issue 2 Pages 69-77  
  Keywords bottleneck; climatic change; extinction-recolonization; microsatellite; neotropical rainforest; pollen and seed dispersal  
  Abstract Both gene flow and historical events influence the genetic diversity of natural populations. One way to understand their respective impact is to analyze population genetic structure at large spatial scales. We studied the distribution of genetic diversity of 17 populations of Vouacapoua americana (Caesalpiniaceae) in French Guiana, using nine micro satellite loci. Low genetic diversity was observed within populations, with a mean allelic richness and gene diversity of 4.1 and 0.506, respectively, which could be due to low effective population size and/or past bottlenecks. Using the regression between F-st/(1-F-st), estimated between pairs of populations, and the logarithm of the geographical distance, the spatial genetic structure can partly be explained by isolation-by-distance and limited gene flow among populations. This result is in agreement with the species' biology, including seed and pollen dispersal by rodents and insects, respectively. In contrast, no clear genetic signal of historical events was found when examining genetic differentiation among populations in relation to biogeographical hypotheses or by testing for bottlenecks within populations. Our conclusion is that nuclear spatial genetic structure of V. americana, at the geographic scale of French Guiana, is better explained by gene flow rather than by historical events.  
  Address Cirad Foret Silvolab, Lab Genet & Ecol Mol, F-97387 Kourou, France, Email: cdutech@bordeaux.inra.fr  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0018-067X ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes ISI:000188431700003 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ Serial 240  
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Author Degen, B.; Bandou, E.; Caron, H. openurl 
  Title Limited pollen dispersal and biparental inbreeding in Symphonia globulifera in French Guiana Type Journal Article
  Year 2004 Publication (up) Heredity Abbreviated Journal Heredity  
  Volume 93 Issue 6 Pages 585-591  
  Keywords gene flow; microsatellites; mixed mating; spatial autocorrelation; tropical tree; twogener  
  Abstract In this paper, we report a study of the mating system and gene flow of Symphonia globulifera, a hermaphroditic, mainly bird-pollinated tree species with a large geographic distribution in the tropical Americas and Africa. Using three microsatellites, we analysed 534 seeds of 28 open pollinated families and 164 adults at the experimental site 'Paracou' in French Guiana. We observed, compared to other tropical tree species, relatively high values for the effective number of alleles. Significant spatial genetic structure was detected, with trees at distances up to 150 m more genetically similar than expected at random. We estimated parameters of the mating system and gene flow by using the mixed mating model and the TwoGener approach. The estimated multilocus outcrossing rate, t(m), was 0.920. A significant level of biparental inbreeding and a high proportion of full-sibs were estimated for the 28 seed arrays. We estimated mean pollen dispersal distances between 27 and 53 m according to the dispersal models used. Although the adult population density of S. globulifera in Paracou was relatively high, the joint estimation of pollen dispersal and density of reproductive trees gave effective density estimates of 1.6 and 1.3 trees/ha. The parameters of the mating system and gene flow are discussed in the context of spatial genetic and demographic structures, flowering phenology and pollinator composition and behaviour.  
  Address BFH, Inst Forest Genet & Forest Tree Breeding, D-22927 Grosshansdorf, Germany, Email: b.degen@holz.uni-hamburg.de  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0018-067X ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes ISI:000225354800009 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ Serial 259  
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Author Scotti-Saintagne, C.; Bodenes, C.; Barreneche, T.; Pot, D.; Plomion, C.; Kremer, A. openurl 
  Title Distribution of genomic regions differentiating oak species assessed by QTL detection Type Journal Article
  Year 2004 Publication (up) Heredity Abbreviated Journal Heredity  
  Volume 92 Issue 1 Pages 20-30  
  Keywords QTL; leaf morphology; repeatability; genetic map; Q. robur  
  Abstract Pedunculate oak and sessile oak are two sympatric inter-fertile species that exhibit leaf morphological differences. We aimed to detect quantitative trait loci (QTLs) of these traits in order to locate genomic regions involved in species differentiation. A total of 15 leaf morphological traits were assessed in a mixed forest stand composed of Quercus petraea and Q. robur and in a full-sib pedigree of Q. robur. The progeny of the full-sib family were vegetatively propagated in two successive experiments comprising 174 and 216 sibs, and assessments were made on two leaves collected on each of the 1080 and 1530 cuttings corresponding to the two experiments. Traits that exhibited strong species differences in the mixed stand tended also to have higher repeatability values in the mapping population, thus indicating higher genetic control. A genetic map was constructed for QTL detection. Composite interval mapping with the one QTL model was used for QTL detection. From one to three QTLs were detected for 13 traits. In-depth analysis of the QTLs, controlling the five morphological traits that exhibited the highest interspecific differences in the mixed stand, indicated that they were distributed on six linkage groups, with two clusters comprising QTLs of at least two discriminant traits. These results were reinforced when error 1 for QTL detection was set at 5% at the chromosome level, as up to nine clusters could be identified. In conclusion, traits involved in interspecific differentiation of oaks are under polygenic control and widespread in clusters across the genome.  
  Address INRA, UMR Biodivers Genes & Ecosyst, F-33612 Cestas, France  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
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  ISSN 0018-067X ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes ISI:000187216300005 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ Serial 267  
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Author Latouche-Hallé, C.; Ramboer, A.; Bandou, E.; Caron, H.; Kremer, A. url  openurl
  Title Nuclear and chloroplast genetic structure indicate fine-scale spatial dynamics in a neotropical tree population Type Journal Article
  Year 2003 Publication (up) Heredity Abbreviated Journal Heredity  
  Volume 91 Issue 2 Pages 181-190  
  Keywords Dicorynia guianensis; Gene flow; Genetic differentiation; Microsatellites; Spatial analysis; Tropical tree; gene flow; genetic structure; population genetics; spatial analysis; tree; tropical forest; Cell Nucleus; Chloroplasts; Cohort Studies; DNA, Plant; French Guiana; Genetic Markers; Pollen; Population Dynamics; Seeds; Trees; Variation (Genetics); French Guiana; Dicorynia guianensis; Embryophyta  
  Abstract Dicorynia guianensis is a canopy tree, endemic to the tropical rain forest of French Guiana. We compared generational and spatial genetic structure for maternally and biparentally inherited markers in two cohorts (adult and seedling) in order to infer processes shaping the distribution of genetic diversity. The study was conducted on a 40 ha study plot located at Paracou near Kourou, where 172 adults trees and 375 saplings were sampled. Aggregation of trees was therefore suggested at different distances, ranging from 100 to 400 m. There was a strong link between demographic and genetic spatial structures at small distances (less than 100 m) that is likely to be the consequence of restricted seed dispersal. Genetic differentiation was more pronounced between spatial aggregates than between cohorts. Despite the spatial differentiation, the species was able to maintain high levels of diversity for maternal genomes, suggesting rapid turnover of aggregates. Spatial autocorrelation was larger for chloroplast than nuclear markers indicating a strong asymmetry between pollen and seed flow. Fixation indices indicated a lower heterozygote deficiency for the adults, maybe because of gradual elimination of selfed trees. Genetic relatedness at lower distances was higher in adult trees than in saplings, as a result of generation overlapping in the adult cohort. Overall, our results confirm earlier biological knowledge about the dispersion mechanisms of the species, and lead to an enhanced role of spatial processes in the dynamics of genetic diversity of D. guianensis.  
  Address INRA Lab. Genet. Arbres Forestiers, BP45, 33611 Gazinet Cedex, France  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
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  ISSN 0018067x (Issn) ISBN Medium  
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  Notes Cited By (since 1996): 34; Export Date: 22 October 2011; Source: Scopus; Coden: Hdtya; doi: 10.1038/sj.hdy.6800296; PubMed ID: 12886285; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Caron, H.; INRA Lab. Genet. Arbres Forestiers, BP45, 33611 Gazinet Cedex, France; email: caron@pierroton.inra.fr; Chemicals/CAS: DNA, Plant; Genetic Markers Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 358  
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Author Royer, M.; Stien, D.; Beauchene, J.; Herbette, G.; McLean, J.P.; Thibaut, A.; Thibaut, B. openurl 
  Title Extractives of the tropical wood wallaba (Eperua falcata Aubl.) as natural anti-swelling agents Type Journal Article
  Year 2010 Publication (up) Holzforschung Abbreviated Journal Holzforschung  
  Volume 64 Issue 2 Pages 211-215  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Wallaba (Eperua falcata) is a tropical wood that is known to have naturally high moisture related dimensional stability. Samples of wallaba heartwood were subjected to differential solvent extraction. Wood pieces that were extracted with methanol showed significantly greater swelling following rehydration from oven dry to 96% relative humidity than non- extracted samples and samples extracted with other solvents. Methanol soluble wallaba heartwood extract was purified by HPLC and the compounds present were characterized by NMR spectroscopy. The structure of 13 compounds in methanol extract was identified. The relative proportion of polar compounds in methanol extract was found to be high. The compounds identified are proposed to bind to the polymeric cell wall by means of multiple hydrogen bonds restricting the association of water and therefore act as natural anti-swelling agents.  
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  ISSN 0018-3830 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes WOS:000274423900010 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 307  
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Author Bleron, L.; Duchanois, G.; Thibaut, B. openurl 
  Title Characteristic properties of embedding strength for the nailing of the gonfolio rose (Qualea rosea Aubl.) Type Journal Article
  Year 2008 Publication (up) Holzforschung Abbreviated Journal Holzforschung  
  Volume 62 Issue 1 Pages 86-90  
  Keywords embedding strength; Eurocode V; nail  
  Abstract Experimental results are presented with single nail joints of gonfolo rose which were loaded at different grain angles and compared to results obtained by Eurocode V. A wide range of embedding strength tests was conducted. The embedding behaviour across the grain was also investigated with a specific test apparatus. The results were analysed and modelled in terms of strength. Initial loading and unloading stiffness of the timber have been taken into account. The embedment strength of the nails varied according to the angle between the direction of loading and that to the grain. This work is part of a larger research project to establish a computer program for the prediction of stiffness and limit strengths of all timber-to-timber and timber-to-steel joints.  
  Address [Bleron, Laurent] LABOMAP ENSAM, F-71250 Poret De Paris, Cluny, France, Email: laurent.bleron@cluny.ensam.fr  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher WALTER DE GRUYTER & CO Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0018-3830 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes ISI:000252041400013 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ Serial 144  
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Author Marchal, R.; Mothe, F.; Denaud, L.E.; Thibaut, B.; Bleron, L. openurl 
  Title Cutting forces in wood machining – Basics and applications in industrial processes. A review COST Action E35 2004-2008: Wood machining – micromechanics and fracture Type Journal Article
  Year 2009 Publication (up) Holzforschung Abbreviated Journal Holzforschung  
  Volume 63 Issue 2 Pages 157-167  
  Keywords cutting forces; online control; peeling process; physico-mechanical model; sound; vibrations; wood industry; wood machining  
  Abstract The data available in the literature concerning wood cutting forces permits to build models or to simulate the main wood machining processes ( milling, sawing, peeling, etc.). This approach contributes to a better understanding of formation of wood surfaces and chips and the data may be helpful to optimise cutting geometry, reduce tool wear, improve tool material, and to size tool-machines. The models may also be useful for industrial application in two ways: ( 1) providing data to optimise the settings for a given operation ( batch approach), and ( 2) building predictive models that could be the basis of an online control system for the machining processes ( interactive approach). A prerequisite for this is that numerous machining tests on different wood materials are performed based on experiences with different kind of tools and experimental devices. With a focus on potential industrial applications, the emphasis of this review was on the wood peeling process, which is a very demanding special case of wood cutting. Although not so many industrial machines are equipped with expensive force sensors, there is a lot of high quality information available about cutting forces which may be useful to improve the scientific or technological knowledge in wood machining. Alternative parameters, such as vibration or sound measurements, appear to be promising substitutes in the praxis, particularly to feed online control systems of any wood cutting process.  
  Address [Marchal, Remy; Bleron, Laurent] Arts & Metiers ParisTech, LABOMAP, F-71250 Cluny, France, Email: remy.marchal@cluny.ensam.fr  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher WALTER DE GRUYTER & CO Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0018-3830 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes ISI:000263932200006 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ Serial 205  
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Author Clair, B.; Jaouen, G.; Beauchene, J.; Fournier, M. openurl 
  Title Mapping radial, tangential and longitudinal shrinkages and relation to tension wood in discs of the tropical tree Symphonia globulifera Type Journal Article
  Year 2003 Publication (up) Holzforschung Abbreviated Journal Holzforschung  
  Volume 57 Issue 6 Pages 665-671  
  Keywords drying shrinkage; tension wood; Symphonia globulifera L. f.  
  Abstract A method for measuring shrinkage resulting from drying in the three anisotropic directions is developed and tested. Measurements are performed on sawn discs, a technique which simplifies preparation and enables large numbers of measurements. Shrinkage values can be represented as a map of the disc surface. The results indicate that comparisons between shrinkage distribution and tension wood distribution on the discs show a clear relationship and can be measured with relatively high accuracy in reference to the shrinkage map. In the long term, this method could be useful in the timber industry as a means for choosing the direction in which logs are cut depending on their type of wood composition.  
  Address CIRAD ENGREF INRA, UMR Ecol Forets Guyane, Kourou 97379, French Guiana  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher WALTER DE GRUYTER & CO Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0018-3830 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes ISI:000186257800016 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ Serial 243  
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Author Almeras, T.; Gril, J.; Yamamoto, H. openurl 
  Title Modelling anisotropic maturation strains in wood in relation to fibre boundary conditions, microstructure and maturation kinetics Type Journal Article
  Year 2005 Publication (up) Holzforschung Abbreviated Journal Holzforschung  
  Volume 59 Issue 3 Pages 347-353  
  Keywords anisotropy; boundary conditions; cell-wall maturation; growth strain; multilayer model; residual stress; wood fibre  
  Abstract A generalisation of existing mechanical models is proposed to account for the relation between wood macroscopic properties and fibre microstructure and chemical composition. It is applied to understanding of the origin of anisotropic maturation strains measured at the outermost surface of the xylem. Various assumptions are considered for boundary conditions of the fibre during the progressive maturation process and are applied to experimental data from the literature. Assumptions that the fibre is fully restrained in displacement, or fully unrestrained or unrestrained in the transverse direction only are all incompatible with observations. Indeed, within the tree, the fibre is restrained in the longitudinal and tangential directions, but unrestrained in the radial direction towards the bark. Mixed boundary conditions must be introduced to correctly simulate both longitudinal and tangential maturation strains. In the context of an analytical axisymmetric model, this is estimated by considering a parameter of partial release of tangential stress during maturation. Consistence with data and with finite element computation in the case of a square fibre confirmed that, because of the unrestrained radial condition, a large part of the tangential maturation stress is released in situ.  
  Address Nagoya Univ, Grad Sch Bioagr Sci, Lab Biomat Phys, Chikusa Ku, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan, Email: tancrede@nuagr1.agr.nagoya-u.ac.jp  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher WALTER DE GRUYTER & CO Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
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  ISSN 0018-3830 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes ISI:000228828800016 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ Serial 256  
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