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Author Boisse, P.; Aimene, Y.; Dogui, A.; Dridi, S.; Gatouillat, S.; Hamila, N.; Khan, M.A.; Mabrouki, T.; Morestin, F.; Vidal-Sallé, E. doi  openurl
  Title Hypoelastic, hyperelastic, discrete and semi-discrete approaches for textile composite reinforcement forming Type Journal Article
  Year 2010 Publication International Journal of Material Forming Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 3 Issue Supplement 2 Pages 1229-1240  
  Keywords Textile composites Forming simulations Continuous/discrete approaches Hyperelasticity Hypoelasticity Semi-discrete finite element  
  Abstract The clear multi-scale structure of composite textile reinforcements leads to develop continuous and discrete approaches for their forming simulations. In this paper two continuous modelling respectively based on a hypoelastic and hyperelastic constitutive model are presented. A discrete approach is also considered in which each yarn is modelled by shell finite elements and where the contact with friction and possible sliding between the yarns are taken into account. Finally the semi-discrete approach is presented in which the shell finite element interpolation involves continuity of the displacement field but where the internal virtual work is obtained as the sum of tension, in-plane shear and bending ones of all the woven unit cells within the element. The advantages and drawbacks of the different approaches are discussed.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
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  Notes (up) Hypoelastic, hyperelastic, discrete and semi-discrete approaches for textile composite reinforcement forming Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ 8 Serial 90  
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Author Konig, A.O.; Ziegenhagen, B.; van Dam, B.C.; Csaikl, U.M.; Coart, E.; Degen, B.; Burg, K.; de Vries, S.M.G.; Petit, R.J. openurl 
  Title Chloroplast DNA variation of oaks in western Central Europe and genetic consequences of human influences Type Journal Article
  Year 2002 Publication Forest Ecology and Management Abbreviated Journal For. Ecol. Manage.  
  Volume 156 Issue 1-3 Pages 147-166  
  Keywords Q. robur; Q. petraea; PCR-RFLPs; haplotypes; spatial genetic patterns; genetic differentiation; deforestation; seed transfer  
  Abstract Oak chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) variation was studied in a grid-based inventory in western Central Europe, including Belgium, The Netherlands, Luxembourg, Germany, the Czech Republic, and the northern parts of Upper and Lower Austria. A total of 2155 trees representing 426 populations of Quercus robur L. and Q. petraea (Matt.) Liebl. were screened for polymorphism in up to four PCR-amplified cpDNA fragments. Eleven haplotypes belonging to four lineages were detected; these lineages were formerly restricted to glacial refugia in the Iberian Peninsula, the Apennine Peninsula and the Balkan Peninsula. The haplotypes originating from the Apennines are particularly well represented in the study region, but there is also a significant contribution from the other refugia, which explain the high overall level of cpDNA diversity. The strong human impact in western Central Europe during the past centuries, which has resulted in the clearance of most forests, was followed by reforestation, sometimes involving seed transfers. Despite this strong human impact, broad geographic patterns of lineages and haplotypes could still be detected. To evaluate further the consequences of the former human activities on the present day oak cpDNA genetic structure, four regions where increasingly strong human impact was anticipated (ranging from hilly regions in southern Germany to roadsides plantations in The Netherlands) were selected. There, a comparison of the levels of intrapopulation cpDNA diversity and spatial structuring was made. Over the whole area, within stand diversity was significantly higher in Q. robur than in Q. petraea (h(S) = 0.24 vs. 0.16). Since total diversity is identical for both species, this results in a significantly lower level of fixation for Q. robur than for Q. petraea (G(ST) = 0.68 vs. 0.79). The analyses also reveal a decrease of fixation with increasing human impact on oak populations. The Dutch roadside plantations (Q. robur) exhibit a very low level of fixation (G(ST) = 0.28) as compared to Q. petraea in southern Germany (G(ST) = 0.91). The significance of the spatial genetic structure was tested using geostatistical methods. For the complete data set, a strong spatial genetic structure is confirmed, with higher than average genetic similarities between populations distant from up to 270 km, whereas there is no spatial structure in the roadside plantations in The Netherlands or in the northern German lowlands. These results should help to differentiate introduced from autochthonous populations, and provide a framework for the identification of the geographic origin of seed lots. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.  
  Address Inst FOrstgenet & Forstpflanzenzuchtung, BFH, D-22927 Grosshansdorf, Germany  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0378-1127 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes (up) ISI:000174149400010 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ Serial 276  
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Author Dutech, C.; Seiter, J.; Petronelli, P.; Joly, H.I.; Jarne, P. openurl 
  Title Evidence of low gene flow in a neotropical clustered tree species in two rainforest stands of French Guiana Type Journal Article
  Year 2002 Publication Molecular Ecology Abbreviated Journal Mol. Ecol.  
  Volume 11 Issue 4 Pages 725-738  
  Keywords Caesalpiniaceae; gene flow; recolonization process; spatial genetic structure; tropical rainforest; Vouacapoua americana  
  Abstract The spatial genetic structure of the neotropical, clustered tree species Vouacapoua americana (Aublet) was studied in two natural forest stands (Paracou and Nouragues) in French Guiana. Using eight microsatellite loci, V. americana is characterized by a marked genetic structure at small spatial distances (under 30-60 m), in agreement with the limited seed dispersal by rodent species. Gene flow through pollen is also shown to be mainly restricted to less than 100 m. This result suggests that most pollination events (mediated through small insects) are probably limited to within-patches of individuals, which might explain the high genetic differentiation among patches (F-ST = 0.11) separated by less than 2 km. We also assume that stronger genetic structure in Paracou is likely to be due to lower seed dispersal by rodents, large spatial distances separating patches, or a recent recolonization event.  
  Address CNRS, Ctr Ecol Fonct & Evolut, F-34293 Montpellier 5, France, Email: jarne@cefe.cnrs-mop.fr  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0962-1083 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes (up) ISI:000175250300008 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ Serial 248  
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Author Bardet, S.; Beauchene, J.; Thibaut, B. openurl 
  Title Influence of basic density and temperature on mechanical properties perpendicular to grain of ten wood tropical species Type Journal Article
  Year 2003 Publication Annals of Forest Science Abbreviated Journal Ann. For. Sci.  
  Volume 60 Issue 1 Pages 49-59  
  Keywords green wood; tropical wood; transverse mechanical properties; basic density; softening temperature  
  Abstract The influence of temperature on transverse mechanical properties of 10 tropical species in green condition was studied in radial compression (0 to 99 degreesC), transverse shear with longitudinal-radial shearing plane and rupture of the longitudinal-tangential plane (20 to 80 degreesC). Basic density ranged from 0.21 to 0.91 g cm(-3). Load-displacement curves were characterised by initial rigidity, yield stress, yield strain and strain energy at 20% strain level. The relation between each criterion and basic density was expressed by a power law. The dependency on temperature evidenced a sharp glassy transition, except for the fracture energy only slightly influenced by temperature. An empirical model allowed evaluating a transition temperature between 51 and 69 degreesC, depending on the species and the criterion, which was attributed to lignin. Detailed analysis of the apparent modulus in radial compression suggested that complex relaxation phenomena occur around 10 degreesC and that the rubbery state is not fully reached at 80 degreesC.  
  Address Univ Montpellier 2, Lab Mecan & Genie Civil, Equipe Bois, F-34095 Montpellier 5, France  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher E D P SCIENCES Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1286-4560 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes (up) ISI:000181322100006 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ Serial 275  
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Author Blanc, L.; Dick, J.M. openurl 
  Title Errors in repeated measurements of soil water content in pots using a ThetaProbe Type Journal Article
  Year 2003 Publication Soil Use and Management Abbreviated Journal Soil Use Manage.  
  Volume 19 Issue 1 Pages 87-88  
  Keywords measurement; soil water content; probes  
  Abstract The accuracy of a ThetaProbe (Delta-T Devices Ltd, UK) to obtain repeated measures of soil water content in pot plants was tested. This alternative to balance determinations led to a large underestimation of water content, varying from 12.2 to 21.8% of the total water content, depending on soil type.  
  Address Ctr Ecol & Hydrol Edinburgh, Penicuik EH26 0QB, Midlothian, Scotland  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher C A B I PUBLISHING Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0266-0032 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes (up) ISI:000181552000013 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ Serial 247  
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Author Clair, B.; Ruelle, J.; Thibaut, B. openurl 
  Title Relationship between growth stress, mechanical-physical properties and proportion of fibre with gelatinous layer in chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) Type Journal Article
  Year 2003 Publication Holzforschung Abbreviated Journal Holzforschung  
  Volume 57 Issue 2 Pages 189-195  
  Keywords growth stress; longitudinal Young's modulus; shrinkage; normal wood; tension wood; gelatinous layer; Castanea Sativa  
  Abstract A range of mechanical and physical properties were determined for 96 specimens of chestnut wood and for wood types ranging from compression to tension wood; tests included (1) growth stress, (2) longitudinal Young's modulus in green and air-dried states (3) shrinkage in longitudinal and tangential directions. Anatomical observations permitted determination of the proportion of fibres with a gelatinous layer. The influence of these atypical fibres on macroscopic wood properties is examined and discussed. A basic model is proposed to determine their properties in theoretically isolated conditions.  
  Address Univ Montpellier 2, Lab Mecan & Genie Civil, F-34095 Montpellier 5, France, Email: clair@lmgc.univ-montp2.fr  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher WALTER DE GRUYTER & CO Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0018-3830 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes (up) ISI:000181797800011 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ Serial 274  
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Author Bosc, A.; De Grandcourt, A.; Loustau, D. openurl 
  Title Variability of stem and branch maintenance respiration in a Pinus pinaster tree Type Journal Article
  Year 2003 Publication Tree Physiology Abbreviated Journal Tree Physiol.  
  Volume 23 Issue 4 Pages 227-236  
  Keywords model; nitrogen; phloem; sapwood; temperature  
  Abstract The relationship between maintenance respiration (R.) of woody organs and their structural characteristics was explored in adult Pinus pinaster Ait. trees. We measured R-m on 75 stem and branch segments of different ages (from 3 to 24 years) and diameters (from 1 to 35 cm). The temperature response of R-m was derived from field measurements based on a classical exponential function with Q(10) = 2.13. Relationships between R-m and the dimensions of the woody organs were analyzed under controlled conditions in the laboratory. The surface area of a woody organ was a better predictor of R-m than volume, but surface area failed to account for the observed within-tree variability of R-m among stems, branches and twigs. Two simple models were proposed to predict the variability of R-m at 15 degreesC in an adult tree. Model 1, a linear function model based on the dry mass and nitrogen concentration of sapwood and phloem tissues, explained most of the variability of R-m in branches and stems (R-2 = 0.97). We concluded that the respective contributions of the phloem and sapwood depend on the location and diameter of the woody organ. Model 2, a power-law function model based on the length, diameter and age of the sample, explained the same variance of R-m as Model 1 and is appropriate for scaling R-m to the stand level. Models 1 and 2 appear to explain a larger variability of R-m than models based on stem area or sapwood mass.  
  Address INRA, F-33612 Cestas, France, Email: alexandre.bosc@pierroton.inra.fr  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher HERON PUBLISHING Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0829-318X ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes (up) ISI:000181841200002 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ Serial 246  
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Author Charles-Dominique, P.; Chave, J.; Dubois, M.A.; De Granville, J.J.; Riera, B.; Vezzoli, C. openurl 
  Title Colonization front of the understorey palm Astrocaryum sciophilum in a pristine rain forest of French Guiana Type Journal Article
  Year 2003 Publication Global Ecology and Biogeography Abbreviated Journal Glob. Ecol. Biogeogr.  
  Volume 12 Issue 3 Pages 237-248  
  Keywords Astrocaryum sciophilum; French Guiana; neotropical palaeoecology; palm ecology; population edge; refuges; scatter-hoarding; seed dispersal; spatial pattern  
  Abstract Aims Astrocaryum sciophilum (Miq.) Pulle (Arecaceae) is an understorey palm, endemic to north-eastern South America with a patchy distribution. We tested the hypothesis that the spatial distribution of this palm species is not in equilibrium but is slowly colonizing the forest understorey. Location Inventories and seed dispersal studies were conducted in the undisturbed tropical forest close to the Nouragues research station, French Guiana. Additional data were collected in the entire territory of French Guiana. Methods We studied the demography of A. sciophilum on a 20-ha plot located at the edge of its distribution. The age of the palms was estimated by postulating an exponentially decreasing abundance by age class. Direct seed dispersal experiments were also conducted, to estimate dispersal parameters. The seeds of A. sciophilum were dispersed only by rodents. This information was used to parameterize a forest growth simulator, to study the spatial spread of this species. Results Within the sampling plot, the density of A. sciophilum dropped sharply from about 500 individuals per hectare to zero. The maturation age was estimated to be 170+/-70 years, and over 55 years with 95% confidence. Seed-dispersal experiments yielded an average seed dispersal distance of 11 m and a maximum estimated dispersal distance of 125 m across a generational span of 55 years to maturity. Therefore, the maximal estimated colonization speed is 2.3 m/y. Conclusions Empirical results and numerical simulations suggest that the boundary of the A. sciophilum population is a colonization front, and that the range of this species is slowly expanding. The implications of this result in respect of palaeoenvironmental changes in this region are discussed.  
  Address Natl Museum Nat Hist, Lab Ecol Gen, F-91800 Brunoy, France  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0960-7447 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes (up) ISI:000182184100006 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ Serial 273  
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Author Lobova, T.A.; Mori, S.A.; Blanchard, F.; Peckham, H.; Charles-Dominique, P. openurl 
  Title Cecropia as a food resource for bats in French Guiana and the significance of fruit structure in seed dispersal and longevity Type Journal Article
  Year 2003 Publication American Journal of Botany Abbreviated Journal Am. J. Bot.  
  Volume 90 Issue 3 Pages 388-403  
  Keywords bat dispersal; Cecropia; French Guiana; fruit anatomy; fruit morphology; mucilage; Neotropical bats; soil seed bank  
  Abstract Cecropia (Cecropiaceae) is a Neotropical genus of pioneer plants. A review of bat/plant dispersal interactions revealed that 15 species of Cecropia are consumed by 32 species of bats. In French Guiana, bats were captured in primary and secondary forests, yielding 936 fecal samples with diaspores, among which 162 contained fruits of C. obtusa, C. palmata, and C. sciadophylla. A comparative morphological and anatomical study of fruits and seeds taken directly from herbarium specimens, bat feces, and an experimental soil seed bank was made. Contrary to previous reports, the dispersal unit of Cecropia is the fruit not the seed. Bats consume the infructescence, digest pulp derived from the enlarged, fleshy perianth, and defecate the fruits. The mucilaginous pericarp of Cecropia is described. The external mucilage production of Cecropia may facilitate endozoochory. The exocarp and part of the mesocarp may be lost after passage through the digestive tract of bats, but fruits buried for a year in the soil seed bank remain structurally unchanged. Fruit characters were found to be useful for identifying species of bat-dispersed Cecropia. Bat dispersal is not necessary for seed germination but it increases seed survival and subsequent germination. Fruit structure plays a significant role in seed longevity.  
  Address New York Bot Garden, Inst Systemat Bot, Bronx, NY 10458 USA  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0002-9122 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes (up) ISI:000183133100008 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ Serial 272  
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Author Nicolini, E.; Caraglio, Y.; Pelissier, R.; Leroy, C.; Roggy, J.C. openurl 
  Title Epicormic branches: a growth indicator for the tropical forest tree, Dicorynia guianensis Amshoff (Caesalpiniaceae) Type Journal Article
  Year 2003 Publication Annals of Botany Abbreviated Journal Ann. Bot.  
  Volume 92 Issue 1 Pages 97-105  
  Keywords Dicorynia guianensis; architecture; epicormic branch; primary growth; secondary growth; tropical forest; French Guiana; height : diameter ratio  
  Abstract Architectural analyses of temperate tree species using a chronological approach suggest that the expression of epicormic branches is closely related to low growth rates in the axes that make up the branching system. Therefore, sole consideration of epicormic criteria may be sufficient to identify trees with low secondary growth levels or with both low primary and secondary growth levels. In a tropical tree such as Dicorynia guianensis (basralocus), where chronological studies are difficult, this relationship could be very useful as an easily accessible indicator of growth potentials. A simple method of architectural tree description was used to characterize the global structure of more than 1650 basralocus trees and to evaluate their growth level. Measurements of simple growth characters [height, basal diameter, internode length of submittal part (top of the main axis of the tree)] and the observation of four structural binary descriptors on the main stem (presence of sequential branches and young epicormic branches, state of the submittal part, global orientation), indicated that epicormic branch formation is clearly related to a decrease in length of the successive growth units of the main stem. Analysis of height vs. diameter ratios among different tree subgroups, with and without epicormic branching, suggested that trees with epicormic branches generally have a low level of secondary growth compared with primary growth. (C) 2003 Annals of Botany Company.  
  Address Cirad, UMR AMAP, F-34398 Montpellier 05, France  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher OXFORD UNIV PRESS Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0305-7364 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes (up) ISI:000183980200010 Approved no  
  Call Number EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ Serial 245  
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