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Odonne, G.; Valadeau, C.; Alban-Castillo, J.; Stien, D.; Sauvain, M.; Bourdy, G. |
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Medical ethnobotany of the Chayahuita of the Paranapura basin (Peruvian Amazon) |
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Journal Article |
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2013 |
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Journal of Ethnopharmacology |
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J. Ethnopharmacol. |
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146 |
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1 |
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127-153 |
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Amazon; Chayahuita; Medicinal plant; Peru; Pharmacopeia; Traditional medicine |
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Ethnopharmacological relevance: Up until now, the plant pharmacopoeia of the Chayahuita, an ethnic group from the Peruvian Amazon, has been poorly defined. This paper details the uses of medicinal plants within this community, as recorded in two villages of the Paranapura basin, Soledad and Atahualpa de Conchiyacu. This study aimed to describe the basis of the Chayahuita traditional medical system, to document part of the medicinal plant corpus, and to compare it with data from other Amazonian ethnic groups. Material and methods: Methodology was based (i) on field prospection with 26 informants (ethnobotanical walks methodology), (ii) semi-structured interviews including 93 people (49 men and 44 women) focused on the most recent health problem experienced and on the therapeutic options chosen, (iii) individual or group thematic discussions relating to disease and treatments, (iv) 6-months of participants' observations between May 2007 and May 2008. At the end of the project in May 2008 a workshop was organized to cross-check the data with the help of 12 of the most interested informants. Results: Six hundred and seventeen voucher specimens were collected, corresponding to 303 different species, from which 274 (belonging to 83 families) are documented here. Altogether 492 recipes were recorded, corresponding to a global figure of 541 therapeutic uses and a total of 664 use reports. The main therapeutic uses are related to dermatological problems (103 uses; 19%), gastro-intestinal complaints (69 uses; 13%) and malaria/fevers (52 uses; 10%). Diseases are analysed according to Chayahuita concepts, and for each disease the species having a high frequency of citation are listed, and the most frequently used remedies are described. Whenever possible, comparisons with other Amazonian groups have been drawn. Conclusion: Chayahuita nosology and medical ethnobotany appear to draw their inspiration from a common panamazonian root. Despite the fact that a certain number of medicinal plants are shared with other nearby groups, there seem to be specific uses for some species, thus highlighting the originality of the Chayahuita pharmacopoeia. Presently there is a certain disinterest in the most traditional area of the Chayahuita medical ways, and the role of the penutu (shaman) seems to be less highly-valued than in the past. Nonetheless, the use of medicinal plants in phytotherapeutic treatment is very much a living, shared knowledge. © 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. |
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Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Faculté de Pharmacie, 35 Chemin des maraîchers, F-31062, Toulouse Cedex 9, France |
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03788741 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 6 March 2013; Source: Scopus; Coden: Joetd; doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.12.014; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Odonne, G.; CNRS Guyane, USR 3456, 2 av. Gustave Charlery, 97300 Cayenne, France; email: guillaume.odonne@gmail.com |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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473 |
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Goulamoussene, Y.; Bedeau, C.; Descroix, L.; Linguet, L.; Herault, B. |
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Environmental control of natural gap size distribution in tropical forests |
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Journal Article |
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2017 |
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Biogeosciences |
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Biogeosciences |
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14 |
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2 |
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353-364 |
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Natural disturbances are the dominant form of forest regeneration and dynamics in unmanaged tropical forests. Monitoring the size distribution of treefall gaps is important to better understand and predict the carbon budget in response to land use and other global changes. In this study, we model the size frequency distribution of natural canopy gaps with a discrete power law distribution. We use a Bayesian framework to introduce and test, using Monte Carlo Markov chain and Kuo-Mallick algorithms, the effect of local physical environment on gap size distribution. We apply our methodological framework to an original light detecting and ranging dataset in which natural forest gaps were delineated over 30 000 ha of unmanaged forest. We highlight strong links between gap size distribution and environment, primarily hydrological conditions and topography, with large gaps being more frequent on floodplains and in wind-exposed areas. In the future, we plan to apply our methodological framework on a larger scale using satellite data. Additionally, although gap size distribution variation is clearly under environmental control, variation in gap size distribution in time should be tested against climate variability. © Author(s) 2017. |
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Cirad, UMR EcoFoG, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Inra, Univ Antilles, Univ Guyane, Kourou, French Guiana |
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Export Date: 7 February 2017 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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729 |
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Allié, E.; Pélissier, R.; Engel, J.; Petronelli, P.; Freycon, V.; Deblauwe, V.; Soucémarianadin, L.; Weigel, J.; Baraloto, C. |
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Pervasive local-scale tree-soil habitat association in a tropical forest community |
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2015 |
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PLoS ONE |
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PLoS ONE |
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10 |
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11 |
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e0141488 |
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We examined tree-soil habitat associations in lowland forest communities at Paracou, French Guiana.We analyzed a large dataset assembling six permanent plots totaling 37.5 ha, in which extensive LIDAR-derived topographical data and soil chemical and physical data have been integrated with precise botanical determinations. Map of relative elevation from the nearest stream summarized both soil fertility and hydromorphic characteristics, with seasonally inundated bottomlands having higher soil phosphate content and base saturation, and plateaus having higher soil carbon, nitrogen and aluminum contents. We employed a statistical test of correlations between tree species density and environmental maps, by generating Monte Carlo simulations of random raster images that preserve autocorrelation of the original maps. Nearly three fourths of the 94 taxa with at least one stem per ha showed a significant correlation between tree density and relative elevation, revealing contrasted species-habitat associations in term of abundance, with seasonally inundated bottomlands (24.5% of species) and well-drained plateaus (48.9% of species). We also observed species preferences for environments with or without steep slopes (13.8% and 10.6%, respectively). We observed that closely-related species were frequently associated with different soil habitats in this region (70% of the 14 genera with congeneric species that have a significant association test) suggesting species-habitat associations have arisen multiple times in this tree community. We also tested if species with similar habitat preferences shared functional strategies. We found that seasonally inundated forest specialists tended to have smaller stature (maximum diameter) than species found on plateaus. Our results underline the importance of tree-soil habitat associations in structuring diverse communities at fine spatial scales and suggest that additional studies are needed to disentangle community assembly mechanisms related to dispersal limitation, biotic interactions and environmental filtering from species-habitat associations. Moreover, they provide a framework to generalize across tropical forest sites. © 2015 Allié et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
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International Center for Tropical Botany, Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States |
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Export Date: 7 January 2016 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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645 |
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Cottet, K.; Fromentin, Y.; Kritsanida, M.; Grougnet, R.; Odonne, G.; Duplais, C.; Michel, S.; Lallemand, M.-C. |
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Isolation of Guttiferones from Renewable Parts of Symphonia globulifera by Centrifugal Partition Chromatography |
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Journal Article |
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2015 |
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Planta Medica |
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Planta Medica |
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81 |
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17 |
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1604-1608 |
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centrifugal partition chromatography; Clusiaceae; countercurrent chromatography guttiferones; PPAPs; Symphonia globulifera |
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The aim of this study was to investigate the species Symphonia globulifera, a source of polycyclic polyprenylated acyl phloroglucinols such as guttiferone A, which is known to exhibit a variety of biological activities including noticeable antileishmanial properties. Our goal was the identification and the quantification of guttiferone A in different renewable parts of S. globulifera and its preparative isolation. To the best of our knowledge, there is no data concerning its mechanism of action. Consequently, it is particularly interesting to isolate it in gram quantities in order to establish structure activity relationship studies. After performing high-performance liquid chromatography profiles detecting the presence of guttiferone A and proceeding to its quantification, a centrifugal partition chromatography methodology using a two-phase solvent system of cyclohexane/ethyl acetate/methanol/water (20 : 1 : 20 : 1, v/v/v/v) was applied to each extract. In conclusion, a centrifugal partition chromatography system has been developed to ensure a fast, reliable, and scalable way to isolate, with a high level of purity, guttiferone A from five renewable parts of S. globulifera. Moreover, this methodology can be extended to the isolation of other polycyclic polyprenylated acyl phloroglucinols such as guttiferones B, C, and D. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart. |
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Laboratoire des Substances Naturelles Amazoniennes, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, UMR EcoFoG (Ecologie des forêts de Guyane), Cayenne, France |
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Export Date: 7 January 2016 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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646 |
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Scotti, I.; González-Martínez, S.C.; Budde, K.B.; Lalague, H. |
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Fifty years of genetic studies: what to make of the large amounts of variation found within populations? |
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2016 |
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Annals of Forest Science |
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Annals of Forest Science |
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73 |
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1 |
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69-75 |
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Intra-specific variation; Microgeography; Natural selection; Population genomics |
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INRA, UMR745 Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane, Campus Agronomique, Kourou, French Guiana |
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Export Date: 7 March 2016 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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667 |
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Thibaut, B.; Denaud, L.; Collet, R.; Marchal, R.; Beauchene, J.; Mothe, F.; Méausoone, P.-J.; Martin, P.; Larricq, P.; Eyma, F. |
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Wood machining with a focus on French research in the last 50 years |
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Journal Article |
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2016 |
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Annals of Forest Science |
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Annals of Forest Science |
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73 |
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1 |
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163-184 |
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Primary conversion; Secondary processing; Surface quality; Tool wear |
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Key message: Wood machining is compulsory both for timber separation and the surfacing of wooden objects. The anisotropy, cellular nature and multi-scale level organisation of wood make its cutting complicated to study. During the last 50 years, most of the wood machining subjects were covered by French teams. Context: Woodcutting is a very old technology but scientific research is scarce on the subject. In the last 50 years, much work on basic mechanisms as well as on industrial processes has been done in France. Aims: The specific nature of wood introduces strong differences between wood and metal cutting processes. The paper focuses on French teams’ contributions. Results: The basic aspects of the tool–material interaction for different basic modes in woodcutting are highlighted. In primary conversion such as sawing, veneer cutting or green wood chipping, huge progress comes from automation and the possibility of linking the process to log and product quality through new sensors. In secondary processing, much has been done on the links between the cutting process, surface qualification and the properties of these surfaces for further processing, such as gluing or coating. Tool wear depends on the cutting process, timber quality and species. Trade-offs are required in tool technology and coating technologies may improve tool life. Conclusion: A large amount of knowledge and innovation has come from 50 years of worldwide research effort, with France being particularly active in this period. The transfer of skills from metals cutting industry was often a key, but much is needed to move closer to both metal cutting sector and woodcutting skills among craftsmen. © 2015, INRA and Springer-Verlag France. |
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ICA, Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse III, Toulouse, France |
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Export Date: 7 March 2016 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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668 |
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Bonal, D.; Burban, B.; Stahl, C.; Wagner, F.; Herault, B. |
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The response of tropical rainforests to drought—lessons from recent research and future prospects |
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2016 |
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Annals of Forest Science |
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Annals of Forest Science |
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73 |
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1 |
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27-44 |
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Carbon; Climate; Drought; Global change; Growth; Mortality; Soil; Tropical; Water |
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Key message: We review the recent findings on the influence of drought on tree mortality, growth or ecosystem functioning in tropical rainforests. Drought plays a major role in shaping tropical rainforests and the response mechanisms are highly diverse and complex. The numerous gaps identified here require the international scientific community to combine efforts in order to conduct comprehensive studies in tropical rainforests on the three continents. These results are essential to simulate the future of these ecosystems under diverse climate scenarios and to predict the future of the global earth carbon balance. Context: Tropical rainforest ecosystems are characterized by high annual rainfall. Nevertheless, rainfall regularly fluctuates during the year and seasonal soil droughts do occur. Over the past decades, a number of extreme droughts have hit tropical rainforests, not only in Amazonia but also in Asia and Africa. The influence of drought events on tree mortality and growth or on ecosystem functioning (carbon and water fluxes) in tropical rainforest ecosystems has been studied intensively, but the response mechanisms are complex. Aims: Herein, we review the recent findings related to the response of tropical forest ecosystems to seasonal and extreme droughts and the current knowledge about the future of these ecosystems. Results: This review emphasizes the progress made over recent years and the importance of the studies conducted under extreme drought conditions or in through-fall exclusion experiments in understanding the response of these ecosystems. It also points to the great diversity and complexity of the response of tropical rainforest ecosystems to drought. Conclusion: The numerous gaps identified here require the international scientific community to combine efforts in order to conduct comprehensive studies in tropical forest regions. These results are essential to simulate the future of these ecosystems under diverse climate scenarios and to predict the future of the global earth carbon balance. © 2015, INRA and Springer-Verlag France. |
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National Institute for Space Research (INPE), São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil |
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Export Date: 7 March 2016 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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669 |
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Amusant, N.; Digeon, A.; Descroix, L.; Bruneau, O.; Bezard, V.; Beauchene, J. |
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Planting rosewood for sustainable essential oil production: Influence of surrounding forest and seed provenance on tree growth and essential oil yields |
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2015 |
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Bois et Forets des Tropiques |
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Bois et Forets des Tropiques |
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326 |
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4 |
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57-65 |
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Aniba rosaeodora Ducke; Dendrometric traits; Essential oil yield; French Guiana; Light effect; Plantation; Rosewood; Seed provenance |
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Essential oil from the Amazonian rosewood tree (Aniba rosaeodora Ducke) is valued as an important aromatic ingredient in luxury perfumes. Due to over-harvesting in recent decades, rosewood is now listed as an endangered species. Rosewood tree planting is now considered a viable alternative to logging as it can support both reforestation and sustainable agriculture thanks to sales of the essential oil extracted. We planted 605 rosewood trees in French Guiana from two seeds of local provenance, in a 5 445 m2 plot surrounded by primary forest. Nine years after planting, we assessed the effect of the position of the tree relative to the surrounding forest and of the seed provenance on dendrometric traits (height, circumference, above ground woody biomass) and hence on the yield of essential oil. Measurements were made on 99 trees. Average growth rates for the young trees were 0.7 m/year in height, 2.5 cm/year in stem circumference and 990.5 kg dry mass/ha/year in aboveground biomass, while essential oil yields ranged from 0.6% to 3.6% with a mean of 2.1%. The position of the tree relative to the surrounding forest was the main factor affecting tree growth and essential oil production: trees located close to the surrounding forest were significantly smaller and accumulated less essential oil due to the reduced availability of light. Seed provenance had less effect on dendrometric traits and essential oil yields. In conclusion, although planting practices will need to be adapted to avoid the edge effects of proximity to the forest, short-rotation cultivation of rosewood trees could be the optimum and most economically attractive system for the production of essential oil. |
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Office National des Forêts (ONF), Département R and D, Pôle de Cayenne, Réserve de Montabo, BP 87002, Cayenne Cedex, French Guiana |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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670 |
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Leitão, R.P.; Zuanon, J.; Villéger, S.; Williams, S.E.; Baraloto, C.; Fortunel, C.; Mendonça, F.P.; Mouillot, D. |
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Rare species contribute disproportionately to the functional structure of species assemblages |
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2016 |
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Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences |
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Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences |
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283 |
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1828 |
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Conservation; Extinction; Functional diversity; Null models; Rarity index; Tropical biodiversity |
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There is broad consensus that the diversity of functional traits within species assemblages drives several ecological processes. It is also widely recognized that rare species are the first to become extinct following human-induced disturbances. Surprisingly, however, the functional importance of rare species is still poorly understood, particularly in tropical species-rich assemblages where the majority of species are rare, and the rate of species extinction can be high. Here, we investigated the consequences of local and regional extinctions on the functional structure of species assemblages. We used three extensive datasets (stream fish from the Brazilian Amazon, rainforest trees from French Guiana, and birds from the Australian Wet Tropics) and built an integrative measure of species rarity versuscommonness, combining local abundance, geographical range, andhabitat breadth. Using different scenarios of species loss, we found a disproportionate impact of rare species extinction for the three groups, with significant reductions in levels of functional richness, specialization, and originality of assemblages, which may severely undermine the integrity of ecological processes. The whole breadth of functional abilities within species assemblages, which is disproportionately supported by rare species, is certainly critical in maintaining ecosystems particularly under the ongoing rapid environmental transitions. © 2016 The Author(s) Published by the Royal Society. All rights reserved. |
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Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia, Presidente Figueiredo, Brazil |
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Export Date: 7 May 2016 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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676 |
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Ogeron, C.; Odonne, G.; Cristinoi, A.; Engel, J.; Grenand, P.; Beauchene, J.; Clair, B.; Davy, D. |
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Palikur traditional roundwood construction in eastern French Guiana: Ethnobotanical and cultural perspectives |
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Journal Article |
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2018 |
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Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine |
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Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine |
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14 |
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28 |
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Amazonia; Annonaceae; Architecture; Non-timber forest products; Oyapock; Palikur; Sapotaceae; Traditional technological knowledge |
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Background: Palikur Amerindians live in the eastern part of French Guiana which is undergoing deep-seated changes due to the geographical and economic opening of the region. So far, Palikur's traditional ecological knowledge is poorly documented, apart from medicinal plants. The aim of this study was to document ethnobotanical practices related to traditional construction in the region. Methods: A combination of qualitative and quantitative methods was used. Thirty-nine Palikur men were interviewed in three localities (Saint-Georges de l'Oyapock, Regina and Trois-Palétuviers) between December 2013 and July 2014. Twenty-four inventories of wood species used in traditional buildings were conducted in the villages, as well as ethnobotanical walks in the neighboring forests, to complete data about usable species and to determine Linnaean names. Results: After an ethnographic description of roundwood Palikur habitat, the in situ wood selection process of Palikur is precisely described. A total of 960 roundwood pieces were inventoried in situ according to Palikur taxonomy, of which 860 were beams and rafters, and 100 posts in 20 permanent and 4 temporary buildings. Twenty-seven folk species were identified. Sixty-three folk species used in construction were recorded during ethnobotanical walks. They correspond to 263 botanical species belonging to 25 families. Posts in permanent buildings were made of yawu (Minquartia guianensis) (51%) and wakap (Vouacapoua americana) (14%). Beams and rafters were made of wood from Annonaceae (79%) and Lecythidaceae (13%) families. The most frequently used species were kuukumwi priye (Oxandra asbeckii), kuukumwi seyne (Pseudoxandra cuspidata), and pukuu (Xylopia nitida and X. cayennensis). Conclusions: Although the Palikur's relationship with their habitat is undergoing significant changes, knowledge about construction wood is still very much alive in the Oyapock basin. Many people continue to construct traditional buildings alongside modern houses, using a wide array of species described here for the first time, along with the techniques used. |
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Université des Antilles, Université de Guyane, CIRAD, UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane (EcoFoG), AgroParisTech, Cirad, INRA, Kourou, France |
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Export Date: 7 May 2018 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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802 |
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