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Falkowski, M.; Jahn-Oyac, A.; Ferrero, E.; Issaly, J.; Eparvier, V.; Girod, R.; Rodrigues, A.M.S.; Stien, D.; Houel, E.; Dusfour, I. |
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Assessment of A Simple Compound-Saving Method to Study Insecticidal Activity of Natural Extracts and Pure Compounds Against Mosquito Larvae |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association |
Abbreviated Journal |
Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association |
| Volume |
32 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
337-340 |
| Keywords |
Mosquitoes; natural insecticides; screening method |
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Research on natural insecticides has intensified with the spread of resistance to chemicals among insects, particularly disease vectors. To evaluate compounds, the World Health Organization (WHO) has published standardized procedures. However, those may be excessively compound-consuming when it comes to assessing the activity of natural extracts and pure compounds isolated in limited amount. As part of our work on the discovery of new mosquito larvicides from Amazonian plants, we developed a compound-saving assay in 5-ml glass tubes instead of WHO larval 100-ml cups. Comparing activity of synthetic and natural chemicals validated the glass tube assay. Raw data, lethal doses that kill 50% (LD50) and 90% (LD90) at 24 and 48 h, were highly correlated (0.68 < R2 < 0.96, P < 0.001, Pearson test) between cups and tubes. It was also established that 10 tubes (N = 50 larvae) provided the same level of sensitivity as 20 tubes (N = 100). This method proved suitable for rapid screening of natural extracts and molecules, identifying active compounds using 10 times less material than in the WHO protocol. © 2016 by The American Mosquito Control Association, Inc. |
| Address |
Sorbonne Universites, UPMC, Universite Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biodiversite et Biotechnologies Microbiennes (USR 3579, LBBM), Observatoire Oceanologique, avenue de Fontaul e, Banyuls/Mer-sur-mer, France |
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Export Date: 3 March 2017 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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740 |
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Lenoir, A.; Devers, S.; Touchard, A.; Dejean, A. |
| Title |
The Guianese population of the fire ant Solenopsis saevissima is unicolonial |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Insect Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Insect Science |
| Volume |
23 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
739-745 |
| Keywords |
biological invasions; cuticular hydrocarbons; fire ants; unicoloniality |
| Abstract |
In this study, conducted in French Guiana, a part of the native range of the fire ant Solenopsis saevissima, we compared the cuticular hydrocarbon profiles of media workers with previous results based on intraspecific aggressiveness tests. We noted a strong congruence between the two studies permitting us to delimit 2 supercolonies extending over large distances (up to 54 km), a phenomenon known as unicoloniality. Solenopsis geminata workers, taken as an out-group for cluster analyses, have a very different cuticular hydrocarbon profile. Because S. saevissima has been reported outside its native range, our conclusion is that this species has the potential to become invasive because unicoloniality (i.e., the main attribute for ants to become invasive) was shown at least for the Guianese population. © 2015 Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences |
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CNRS, Ecolab (UMR-CNRS 5245), Toulouse, France |
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Export Date: 3 October 2016 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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696 |
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Dezerald, O.; Leroy, C.; Corbara, B.; Carrias, J.-F.; Pélozuelo, L.; Dejean, A.; Céréghino, R. |
| Title |
Food-Web Structure in Relation to Environmental Gradients and Predator-Prey Ratios in Tank-Bromeliad Ecosystems |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2013 |
Publication |
PLoS ONE |
Abbreviated Journal |
PLoS ONE |
| Volume |
8 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
e71735 |
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Little is known of how linkage patterns between species change along environmental gradients. The small, spatially discrete food webs inhabiting tank-bromeliads provide an excellent opportunity to analyse patterns of community diversity and food-web topology (connectance, linkage density, nestedness) in relation to key environmental variables (habitat size, detrital resource, incident radiation) and predators:prey ratios. We sampled 365 bromeliads in a wide range of understorey environments in French Guiana and used gut contents of invertebrates to draw the corresponding 365 connectance webs. At the bromeliad scale, habitat size (water volume) determined the number of species that constitute food-web nodes, the proportion of predators, and food-web topology. The number of species as well as the proportion of predators within bromeliads declined from open to forested habitats, where the volume of water collected by bromeliads was generally lower because of rainfall interception by the canopy. A core group of microorganisms and generalist detritivores remained relatively constant across environments. This suggests that (i) a highly-connected core ensures food-web stability and key ecosystem functions across environments, and (ii) larger deviations in food-web structures can be expected following disturbance if detritivores share traits that determine responses to environmental changes. While linkage density and nestedness were lower in bromeliads in the forest than in open areas, experiments are needed to confirm a trend for lower food-web stability in the understorey of primary forests. © 2013 Dézerald et al. |
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EcoLab, Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, CNRS UMR 5245, Toulouse, France |
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19326203 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 30 August 2013; Source: Scopus; Art. No.: e71735; Coden: Polnc; doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0071735; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Dézerald, O.; EcoFoG, Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane, CNRS UMR 8172, Kourou, France; email: olivier.dezerald@gmail.com |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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499 |
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Scotti, I.; Montaigne, W.; Cseke, K.; Traissac, S. |
| Title |
RaBoT: A rarefaction-by-bootstrap method to compare genome-wide levels of genetic diversity |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Annals of Forest Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ann. Forest Sci. |
| Volume |
70 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
631-635 |
| Keywords |
Diversity comparison; Genome scan; Genome-level diversity; Population genetics; Statistical testing |
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Context: No efficient method is available to compare multi-locus estimates of diversity while taking into account inter-locus and inter-population stochastic variance. The advent of genome scan approaches makes the development of such tests absolutely necessary. Aims: We developed a method to compare genome-wide diversity estimates while taking into account – and factoring out – variation in census size and making use of inter-locus variance to assess significance of differences in diversity levels. Methods: An approach based on rarefaction with bootstrap re-sampling (RaBoT) was implemented into a test of multi-locus comparison of diversity coded in R. The properties of the test were studied by applying it to simulated populations with varying diversity levels and varying differences in diversity levels. The test was then applied to empirical data from disturbed and undisturbed populations of Virola michelii (Myristicaceae) genotyped at 693 amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. Results: RaBoT was found to be rather conservative, with large numbers of false negatives when the diversity in the compared populations was similar, and false positives mostly associated to comparisons of populations with extremely high levels of diversity. When applied to empirical data, RaBoT detected higher genetic diversity in a post-disturbance than in an undisturbed population and lower genetic diversity in a seedling than in the corresponding adult population, but it also revealed differences in diversity between subgroups within the disturbed and undisturbed plots. Conclusion: RaBoT is a sensitive method to compare multi-locus levels of diversity that can be applied both at the genotype level for dominant markers (e.g. AFLP) and at the allele level for biallelic codominant markers (e.g. single-nucleotide polymorphisms). © 2013 INRA and Springer-Verlag France. |
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Unité Mixte de Recherche ecologie des Forêts de Guyane (EcoFoG), AgroParisTech, Kourou, French Guiana |
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12864560 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 30 August 2013; Source: Scopus; Coden: Afosf; doi: 10.1007/s13595-013-0302-z; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Scotti, I.; Unité Mixte de Recherche ecologie des Forêts de Guyane (EcoFoG), INRA, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, BP 709, 97387 Kourou cedex, French Guiana; email: ivan.Scotti@ecofog.gf |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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498 |
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Fine, P.V.A.; Metz, M.R.; Lokvam, J.; Mesones, I.; Zuniga, J.M.A.; Lamarre, G.P.A.; Pilco, M.V.; Baraloto, C. |
| Title |
Insect herbivores, chemical innovation, and the evolution of habitat specialization in Amazonian trees |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ecology |
| Volume |
94 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
1764-1775 |
| Keywords |
Amazonia; Ecological speciation; Ecotypes; Herbivory; Natural enemies; Plant defense; Protium subserratum; Terra firme forests; Tropical rain forests; White-sand forests |
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Herbivores are often implicated in the generation of the extraordinarily diverse tropical flora. One hypothesis linking enemies to plant diversification posits that the evolution of novel defenses allows plants to escape their enemies and expand their ranges. When range expansion involves entering a new habitat type, this could accelerate defense evolution if habitats contain different assemblages of herbivores and/or divergent resource availabilities that affect plant defense allocation. We evaluated this hypothesis by investigating two sister habitat specialist ecotypes of Protium subserratum (Burseraceae), a common Amazonian tree that occurs in white-sand and terra firme forests. We collected insect herbivores feeding on the plants, assessed whether growth differences between habitats were genetically based using a reciprocal transplant experiment, and sampled multiple populations of both lineages for defense chemistry. Protium subserratum plants were attacked mainly by chrysomelid beetles and cicadellid hemipterans. Assemblages of insect herbivores were dissimilar between populations of ecotypes from different habitats, as well as from the same habitat 100 km distant. Populations from terra firme habitats grew significantly faster than white-sand populations; they were taller, produced more leaf area, and had more chlorophyll. White-sand populations expressed more dry mass of secondary compounds and accumulated more flavone glycosides and oxidized terpenes, whereas terra firme populations produced a coumaroylquinic acid that was absent from white-sand populations. We interpret these results as strong evidence that herbivores and resource availability select for divergent types and amounts of defense investment in white-sand and terra firme lineages of Protium subserratum, which may contribute to habitat-mediated speciation in these trees. © 2013 by the Ecological Society of America. |
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Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States |
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00129658 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 30 August 2013; Source: Scopus; Coden: Ecola; doi: 10.1890/12-1920.1; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Department of Integrative Biology, 1005 Valley Life Sciences Building 3140, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3140, United States |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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500 |
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Bourreau, D.; Aimene, Y.; Beauchene, J.; Thibaut, B. |
| Title |
Feasibility of glued laminated timber beams with tropical hardwoods |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2013 |
Publication |
European Journal of Wood and Wood Products |
Abbreviated Journal |
Eur. J. Wood Wood Prod. |
| Volume |
71 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
653-662 |
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A feasibility study of glulam was carried out in French Guiana using local wood species. The aim was to determine gluing parameters affording satisfactory behaviour to manufactured glulam in a tropical climate. Three abundant wood species, with special properties, were selected for the study and resorcinol-phenol-formaldehyde resin was used for bonding. Three industrial parameters were considered: adhesive spread rate, closed assembly time and gluing pressure. Delamination and shearing tests were carried out in accordance with European Standards. The tests revealed the influence of wood properties and manufacturing parameters on joint resistance. In fact, the results showed that specific gravity and the shrinkage coefficient greatly influenced the gluing step. Indeed, wood with a medium specific gravity needed more adhesive and more pressure than wood with a high specific gravity. In addition, planing and lamella thickness were found to affect glue joint resistance. © 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. |
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CNRS-LMGC Université de Montpellier2, 34095 Montpellier, France |
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00183768 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 30 August 2013; Source: Scopus; doi: 10.1007/s00107-013-0721-4; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Bourreau, D.; UAG-UMR Ecofog, Pôle Universitaire Guyanais, 97337 Cayenne cedex, French Guiana; email: dbourreau@nancy.inra.fr |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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497 |
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Barthe, S.; Gugerli, F.; Barkley, N.A.; Maggia, L.; Cardi, C.; Scotti, I. |
| Title |
Always look on both sides: Phylogenetic information conveyed by simple sequence repeat allele sequences |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2012 |
Publication |
PLoS ONE |
Abbreviated Journal |
PLoS ONE |
| Volume |
7 |
Issue |
7 |
Pages |
e40699 |
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Simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers are widely used tools for inferences about genetic diversity, phylogeography and spatial genetic structure. Their applications assume that variation among alleles is essentially caused by an expansion or contraction of the number of repeats and that, accessorily, mutations in the target sequences follow the stepwise mutation model (SMM). Generally speaking, PCR amplicon sizes are used as direct indicators of the number of SSR repeats composing an allele with the data analysis either ignoring the extent of allele size differences or assuming that there is a direct correlation between differences in amplicon size and evolutionary distance. However, without precisely knowing the kind and distribution of polymorphism within an allele (SSR and the associated flanking region (FR) sequences), it is hard to say what kind of evolutionary message is conveyed by such a synthetic descriptor of polymorphism as DNA amplicon size. In this study, we sequenced several SSR alleles in multiple populations of three divergent tree genera and disentangled the types of polymorphisms contained in each portion of the DNA amplicon containing an SSR. The patterns of diversity provided by amplicon size variation, SSR variation itself, insertions/deletions (indels), and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) observed in the FRs were compared. Amplicon size variation largely reflected SSR repeat number. The amount of variation was as large in FRs as in the SSR itself. The former contributed significantly to the phylogenetic information and sometimes was the main source of differentiation among individuals and populations contained by FR and SSR regions of SSR markers. The presence of mutations occurring at different rates within a marker's sequence offers the opportunity to analyse evolutionary events occurring on various timescales, but at the same time calls for caution in the interpretation of SSR marker data when the distribution of within-locus polymorphism is not known. |
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Unité Mixte de Recherche Ecologie des forêts de Guyane, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Kourou, French Guiana |
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19326203 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 30 July 2012; Source: Scopus; Art. No.: e40699; doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0040699; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Scotti, I.; Unité Mixte de Recherche Ecologie des forêts de Guyane, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Kourou, French Guiana; email: ivan.scotti@ecofog.gf |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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416 |
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Baraloto, C.; Herault, B.; Paine, C.E.T.; Massot, H.; Blanc, L.; Bonal, D.; Molino, J.-F.; Nicolini, E.A.; Sabatier, D. |
| Title |
Contrasting taxonomic and functional responses of a tropical tree community to selective logging |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Journal of Applied Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Appl. Ecol. |
| Volume |
49 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
861-870 |
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Canopy gap dynamics; Disturbance; French Guiana; Functional diversity; Functional evenness; Functional traits; Light partitioning; Species richness; Tropical rain forest |
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1.Considerable debate surrounds the extent to which tropical forests can be managed for resource extraction while conserving biodiversity and ecosystem properties, which depend on functional composition. Here we evaluate the compatibility of these aims by examining the effects of logging on taxonomic and functional diversity and composition in a tropical forest. 2.Twenty years after selective logging, we inventoried 4140 stems regenerating in logging gaps and adjacent undisturbed areas, and we integrated a database of 13 functional traits describing leaf and wood economics of tropical trees. 3.We found no differences in taxonomic and functional richness among habitats, but logging gaps had significantly higher taxonomic and functional evenness. 4.Logging also effected striking, long-term changes in both species and functional composition. In particular, the xylem density of recruits in logging gaps was 6% less than in unlogged forests, leaves were 11% less tough and had 6-13% greater mineral nutrient concentrations. 5.Synthesis and applications. Our results suggest that managers of tropical forests should limit overall surface area converted to logging gaps by creating fewer, larger gaps during selective logging, to reduce impacts on the taxonomic and functional composition of the regenerating stand. Our results suggest that managers of tropical forests should limit overall surface area converted to logging gaps by creating fewer, larger gaps during selective logging, to reduce impacts on the taxonomic and functional composition of the regenerating stand. © 2012 The Authors. Journal of Applied Ecology © 2012 British Ecological Society. |
| Address |
CIRAD-ES, Research Unit 'Biens et Services des Ecosystémes Forestiers tropicaux', Embrapa Amazonia Oriental, Caixa Postal, 48, Belem, Para – CEP 66095-100, Brazil |
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00218901 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 30 July 2012; Source: Scopus; Coden: Japea; doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2664.2012.02164.x; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Baraloto, C.; INRA, UMR 'Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane', 97387 Kourou Cedex, French Guiana; email: chris.baraloto@ecofog.gf |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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410 |
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Dejean, A.; Corbara, B.; Azémar, F.; Carpenter, J.M. |
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When attempts at robbing prey turn fatal |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
Publication |
Naturwissenschaften |
Abbreviated Journal |
Naturwissenschaften |
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99 |
Issue |
7 |
Pages |
579-582 |
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Ant predation; Azteca andreae; Cleptobiosis; Flies and dung beetles; Myrmecophyte; Reduviidae; Socialwasps; Stinglessbees |
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Because group-hunting arboreal ants spread-eagle insect prey for a long time before retrieving them, these prey can be coveted by predatory flying insects. Yet, attempting to rob these prey is risky if the ant species is also an effective predator. Here, we show that trying to rob prey from Azteca andreae workers is a fatal error as 268 out of 276 potential cleptobionts (97.1 %) were captured in turn. The ant workers hunt in a group and use the “Velcro®” principle to cling firmly to the leaves of their host tree, permitting them to capture very large prey. Exceptions were one social wasp, plus some Trigona spp. workers and flies that landed directly on the prey and were able to take off immediately when attacked. We conclude that in this situation, previously captured prey attract potential cleptobionts that are captured in turn in most of the cases. © Springer-Verlag 2012. |
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Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th Street, New York, NY 10024, United States |
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00281042 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 30 July 2012; Source: Scopus; Coden: Natwa; doi: 10.1007/s00114-012-0929-x; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Dejean, A.; CNRS, Écologie des Forêts de Guyane (UMR-CNRS 8172), Campus agronomique, BP 316, 97379 Kourou cedex, France; email: alain.dejean@wanadoo.fr |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
417 |
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Fromin, N.; Porte, B.; Lensi, R.; Hamelin, J.; Domenach, A.-M.; Buatois, B.; Roggy, J.-C. |
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Spatial variability of the functional stability of microbial respiration process: A microcosm study using tropical forest soil |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Journal of Soils and Sediments |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Soils Sed. |
| Volume |
12 |
Issue |
7 |
Pages |
1030-1039 |
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Disturbance; Diversity-stability relationship; Microbial diversity; Substrate-induced respiration |
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Purpose: Understanding the ability of ecosystem processes to resist to and to recover from disturbances is critical to sustainable land use. However, the spatial variability of the stability has rarely been addressed. Here, we investigated the functional stability of a soil microbial process for 24 soils collected from adjacent locations from a 0. 3 ha tropical rainforest plot in Paracou, French Guiana. Materials and methods: The 24 locations were characterized regarding soil chemical and biological (microbial diversity) parameters and forest structure. The corresponding soils were submitted to an experimental transient heat disturbance during a microcosm experiment. The response of the respiration process was followed using substrate-induced respiration (SIR). Results and discussion: The response of soil SIR to heat disturbance varied widely between samples. The variability of the SIR response increased just after the disturbance, and a global rather homogeneous decrease in SIR rates was observed 15 and 30 days after. The stability of SIR in response to heat disturbance could not be related to either the genetic or the metabolic diversity of the microbial community. The initial level of SIR before the disturbance was the soil variable that best correlated with the impact of the disturbance: the soil locations with the highest initial SIR rates were the most affected 15 and 30 days after the heat disturbance. Conclusions: Such a heterogeneous response suggests that the response of soil processes to a disturbance will be difficult to assess from only local-scale analyses and highlights the need for spatial explicitness in understanding biogeochemical processes. © 2012 Springer-Verlag. |
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UMR EcoFoG, BP 709, 97387 Kourou, French Guiana |
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14390108 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 30 July 2012; Source: Scopus; doi: 10.1007/s11368-012-0528-7; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Fromin, N.; CEFE, CNRS UMR 5175, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier cedex 5, France; email: nathalie.fromin@cefe.cnrs.fr |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
415 |
| Permanent link to this record |
