| Records |
| Author |
Nasr, H.; Domenach, A.M.; Ghorbel, M.H.; Benson, D.R. |
| Title |
Divergence in symbiotic interactions between same genotypic PCR-RFLP Frankia strains and different Casuarinaceae species under natural conditions |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Physiologia Plantarum |
Abbreviated Journal |
Physiol. Plant. |
| Volume |
130 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
400-408 |
| Keywords |
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| Abstract |
The symbiotic interactions between Frankia strains and their associated plants from the Casuarinaceae under controlled conditions are well documented but little is known about these interactions under natural conditions. We explored the symbiotic interactions between eight genotypically characterized Frankia strains and five Casuarinaceae species in long-term field trials. Characterization of strains was performed using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) for the nifD-nifK intergenic transcribed spacer (ITS) and 16S-23S ITS. Assessments of the symbiotic interactions were based on nodulation patterns using nodule dry weight and viability, and on actual N-2 fixation using the delta N-15 method. The PCR-RFLP patterns showed that the analyzed strains belonged to the same genotypic group (CeD group), regardless of the host species and environment of origin. The nodule viability index is introduced as a new tool to measure the viability of perennial nodules and to predict their effectiveness. The host Casuarinaceae species was a key factor influencing both the actual N-2-fixing activity of the associated Frankia strain and the viability of nodules within a location. This is the first study providing information on the symbiotic interactions between genotypically characterized Frankia strains and actinorhizal plants under natural conditions. The results revealed a way to improve a long-term management of the Casuarinaceae symbiosis. |
| Address |
Univ Connecticut, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Storrs, CT 06279 USA, Email: david.benson@uconn.edu |
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| Publisher |
BLACKWELL PUBLISHING |
Place of Publication |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0031-9317 |
ISBN |
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Conference |
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Notes  |
ISI:000247206100010 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
161 |
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| Author |
Coutand, C.; Fournier, M.; Moulia, B. |
| Title |
The gravitropic response of poplar trunks: Key roles of prestressed wood regulation and the relative kinetics of cambial growth versus wood maturation |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Plant Physiology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Plant Physiol. |
| Volume |
144 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
1166-1180 |
| Keywords |
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| Abstract |
In tree trunks, the motor of gravitropism involves radial growth and differentiation of reaction wood (Archer, 1986). The first aim of this study was to quantify the kinematics of gravitropic response in young poplar (Populus nigra x Populus deltoides, 'I4551') by measuring the kinematics of curvature fields along trunks. Three phases were identified, including latency, upward curving, and an anticipative autotropic decurving, which has been overlooked in research on trees. The biological and mechanical bases of these processes were investigated by assessing the biomechanical model of Fournier et al. (1994). Its application at two different time spans of integration made it possible to test hypotheses on maturation, separating the effects of radial growth and cross section size from those of wood prestressing. A significant correlation between trunk curvature and Fournier's model integrated over the growing season was found, but only explained 32% of the total variance. Moreover, over a week's time period, the model failed due to a clear out phasing of the kinetics of radial growth and curvature that the model does not take into account. This demonstrates a key role of the relative kinetics of radial growth and the maturation process during gravitropism. Moreover, the degree of maturation strains appears to differ in the tension woods produced during the upward curving and decurving phases. Cell wall maturation seems to be regulated to achieve control over the degree of prestressing of tension wood, providing effective control of trunk shape. |
| Address |
Univ Clermont Ferrand, Inst Natl Recherche Agronom, Physiol Integree Arbre Fruitier, Unite Mixte Recherche 547, F-63100 Clermont Ferrand, France, Email: coutand@clermont.inra.fr |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS |
Place of Publication |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0032-0889 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
ISI:000247075000055 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
162 |
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| Author |
Yatabe, Y.; Kane, N.C.; Scotti-Saintagne, C.; Rieseberg, L.H. |
| Title |
Rampant gene exchange across a strong reproductive barrier between the annual sunflowers, Helianthus annuus and H-petiolaris |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Genetics |
Abbreviated Journal |
Genetics |
| Volume |
175 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
1883-1893 |
| Keywords |
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| Abstract |
Plant species may remain morphologically distinct despite gene exchange with congeners, yet little is known about the genomewide pattern of introgression among species. Here we analyze the effects of persistent gene flow on genomic differentiation between the sympatric sunflower species Helianthus annuus and H. petiolaris. While the species are strongly isolated in testcrosses, genetic distances at 108 microsatellite loci and 14 sequenced genes are highly variable and much lower (on average) than for more closely related but historically allopatric congeners. Our analyses failed to detect a positive association between levels of genetic differentiation and chromosomal rearrangements (as reported in a prior publication) or proximity to QTL for morphological differences or hybrid sterility. However, a significant increase in differentiation was observed for markers within 5 cM of chromosomal breakpoints. Together, these results suggest that islands of differentiation between these two species are small, except in areas of low recombination. Furthermore, only microsatellites associated with ESTs were identified as outlier loci in tests for selection, which might indicate that the ESTs themselves are the targets of selection rather than linked genes (or that coding regions are not randomly distributed). In general, these results indicate that even strong and genetically complex reproductive barriers cannot prevent widespread introgression. |
| Address |
Indiana Univ, Dept Biol, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA, Email: lriesebe@indiana.edu |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
GENETICS |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0016-6731 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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| Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
ISI:000246448800029 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
216 |
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| Author |
Rockwell, C.A.; Kainer, K.A.; Staudhammer, C.L.; Baraloto, C. |
| Title |
Future crop tree damage in a certified community forest in southwestern Amazonia |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Forest Ecology and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
For. Ecol. Manage. |
| Volume |
242 |
Issue |
2-3 |
Pages |
108-118 |
| Keywords |
bamboo; community forest management; forest certification; Guadua; liana; marking; reduced-impact logging; RIL; timber management; tropical forest |
| Abstract |
Field studies in Acre, Brazil assessed logging impacts of a certified community timber management project. The main objectives of the study were: (1) to determine if damage incidence to future crop trees (FCTs; >= 20 cm diameter at breast height (dbh)) differs between (a) forest with and without bamboo (Guadua spp.), and (b) trees with and without lianas; (2) to what extent harvesting can be conducted more intensely (m(3)ha(-1)), without incurring greater FCT damage; and (3) to what extent marking diminishes FCT damage. Full inventories of FCTs of 50 commercial species complexes were conducted before and after logging in 50 m-radius zones of impact around each designated harvest tree in three 10 ha (200 m x 500 m) logging blocks. We also mapped all forested areas potentially influenced by logging, including skid trails, log landings and felling gaps, throughout the 30 ha logged. More than 28% of the forest area was disturbed by logging, with 12.1% in skid trails and 16.8% in gap clearings, indicating that the forest gap mosaic can be significantly altered even when reduced-impact logging guidelines are followed. Overall, 15% of FCTs inventoried were damaged. Damage rates were not significantly reduced by marking treatment, location in bamboo-dominated forest, or liana load on FCT damage. Harvest intensity did not influence the probability of FCT damage. For future studies, it would be prudent to address impacts of timber extraction on other livelihood activities, such as non-timber forest product collection, particularly in such regions as the Brazilian Amazon, where many communities are attempting to integrate a suite of income-generating activities. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
| Address |
Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA, Email: crockwel@ufl.edu |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0378-1127 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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| Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
ISI:000246268100003 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
217 |
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| Author |
Ruelle, J.; Yoshida, M.; Clair, B.; Thibaut, B. |
| Title |
Peculiar tension wood structure in Laetia procera (Poepp.) Eichl. (Flacourtiaceae) |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Trees-Structure and Function |
Abbreviated Journal |
Trees-Struct. Funct. |
| Volume |
21 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
345-355 |
| Keywords |
tension wood; tropical rainforest species; UV microspectrophotometry; scanning electron microscopy; cellulose microfibril angle |
| Abstract |
Tension wood of Laetia procera (Poepp.) Eichl. (Flacourtiaceae), a neo-tropical forest species, shows a peculiar secondary wall structure, with an alternance of thick and thin layers, while opposite wood of this species has a typical secondary wall structure (S1 + S2 + S3). Samples for the study of microstructural properties were collected upon the estimation of growth stresses in the living tree, in order to analyze the correlation of the former with the latter. Investigation using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and UV microspectrophotometry allowed the description of the anatomy, ultra-structure and chemistry of this peculiar polylaminate secondary wall. In the thick layers, cellulose microfibril angle is very low (i.e., microfibril orientation is close to fibre axis) and cellulose microfibrils are well organized and parallel to each other. In the thin layers, microfibrils (only observable in the inner layer) are less organized and are oriented with a large angle relative to the axis of the cell. Thick layers are lightly lignified although thin layers show a higher content of lignin, close to that of opposite wood secondary wall. The more the wood was under tensile stress, the less the secondary wall was lignified, and lower the syringyl on guaiacyl lignin units' ratio was. The innermost layer of the secondary wall looks like a typical S3 layer with large microfibril angle and lignin occurrence. The interest of this kind of structure for the understanding of stress generation is discussed. |
| Address |
UMR EcoFoG, Kourou 97387, French Guiana, Email: ruelle_j@kourou.cirad.fr |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
SPRINGER |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0931-1890 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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| Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
ISI:000246206200009 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
163 |
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| Author |
Bertani, S.; Houel, E.; Bourdy, G.; Stien, D.; Jullian, V.; Landau, I.; Deharo, E. |
| Title |
Quassia amara L. (Simaroubaceae) leaf tea: Effect of the growing stage and desiccation status on the antimalarial activity of a traditional preparation |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Journal of Ethnopharmacology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Ethnopharmacol. |
| Volume |
111 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
40-42 |
| Keywords |
antimalarial; Quassia amara; quassinoids; simalikalactone D; traditional medicine |
| Abstract |
In French Guiana, Quassia amara L. (Simaroubaceae) leaf tea is a well-known widely used traditional antimalarial remedy. Impact of the vegetal sampling condition on in vivo and in vitro antimalarial activity was assessed. Traditional infusions were prepared with juvenile or mature leaves, both either fresh or dried. Results showed that growing stage and freshness of vegetal material exert a striking effect on antimalarial activity, both in vitro and in vivo. By far, leaf tea made from fresh juvenile (FJ) Quassia amara leaves was the most active. In vitro, active component (simalikalactone D) concentration correlates biological activities, although unexplained subtle variations were observed. In vivo, tea made with dried juvenile (DJ) leaves displays a peculiar behavior, meaning that some components may help simalikalactone D delivery or may be active in vivo only, therefore enhancing the expected curative effect of the traditional preparation. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. |
| Address |
Univ Toulouse 3, Ctr IRD, UMR 152, IRD, F-97323 Cayenne Cx, Guyana, Email: eric.deharo@ird.fr |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0378-8741 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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| Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
ISI:000246059600007 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
164 |
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| Author |
Herault, B.; Honnay, O. |
| Title |
Using life-history traits to achieve a functional classification of habitats |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Applied Vegetation Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Appl. Veg. Sci. |
| Volume |
10 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
73-80 |
| Keywords |
forest connectivity; functional group; habitat typology; land-use history; riverine forest; species functional unity |
| Abstract |
Question: To establish a habitat classification based on functional group co-occurrence that may help the drawing up of conservation plans. Location: Riverine forest fragments in the Grand-duche de Luxembourg, Europe. Methods: Forest fragments were surveyed for their abundance of vascular plants. These were clustered into emergent groups according to 14 life-traits related to plant dispersal, establishment and persistence. Forest fragments were classified according to similar distribution of the identified emergent groups. Environmental factors were related to the emergent group richness in each forest type using generalized linear models. Results: Contrary to former species centred classifications, only two groups of forests, each with clearly different emergent group composition and conservation requirements, were detected: (1) swamp forests characterized by anemogamous perennials, annuals and hydrochorous perennials and (2) moist forests characterized by barochorous perennials, small geophytes and zoochorous phanerophytes. From a conservation point of view, priority should be given to large swamp forest with intact flooding regimes. This is in accordance with the high wind and water dispersal capacities of their typical emergent groups. For the moist forests, conservation priorities should be high forest connectivity and historical continuity since dispersal and establishment of their characteristic emergent groups are highly limited. Conclusions: The described methodology, situated at an intermediate integration level between the individual species and whole community descriptors, takes advantage of both conservation plans built for single species and the synthetic power of broad ecological measures. |
| Address |
Univ Liege, Dept Environm Sci & Management, B-6700 Arlon, Belgium, Email: bruno.herault@cirad.fr |
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| Publisher |
OPULUS PRESS UPPSALA AB |
Place of Publication |
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Summary Language |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
1402-2001 |
ISBN |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
ISI:000245934700009 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
218 |
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| Author |
Baraloto, C.; Morneau, F.; Bonal, D.; Blanc, L.; Ferry, B. |
| Title |
Seasonal water stress tolerance and habitat associations within four neotropical tree genera |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ecology |
| Volume |
88 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
478-489 |
| Keywords |
drought tolerance; French Guiana; photosynthetic capacity; phylogenetically independent contrast; relative growth rate; seasonally flooded forest; specific leaf area; torus translation method; tropical forest |
| Abstract |
We investigated the relationship between habitat association and physiological performance in four congeneric species pairs exhibiting contrasting distributions between seasonally flooded and terra firme habitats in lowland tropical rain forests of French Guiana, including Virola and Iryanthera ( Myristicaceae), Symphonia ( Clusiaceae), and Eperua (Caesalpiniaceae). We analyzed 10-year data sets of mapped and measured saplings ( stems >= 150 cm in height and < 10 cm diameter at breast height [dbh]) and trees ( stems >= 10 cm dbh) across 37.5 ha of permanent plots covering a 300-ha zone, within which seasonally flooded areas ( where the water table never descends below 1 m) have been mapped. Additionally, we tested the response of growth, survival, and leaf functional traits of these species to drought and flood stress in a controlled experiment. We tested for habitat preference using a modi. cation of the torus translation method. Strong contrasting associations of the species pairs of Iryanthera, Virola, and Symphonia were observed at the sapling stage, and these associations strengthened for the tree stage. Neither species of Eperua was significantly associated with flooded habitats at the sapling stage, but E. falcata was significantly and positively associated with flooded forests at the tree stage, and trees of E. grandiflora were found almost exclusively in nonflooded habitats. Differential performance provided limited explanatory support for the observed habitat associations, with only congeners of Iryanthera exhibiting divergent sapling survival and tree growth. Seedlings of species associated with flooded forest tended to have higher photosynthetic capacity than their congeners at field capacity. In addition, they tended to have the largest reductions in leaf gas exchange and growth rate in response to experimental drought stress and the least reductions in response to experimental inundation. The corroboration of habitat association with differences in functional traits and, to a lesser extent, measures of performance provides an explanation for the regional coexistence of these species pairs. We suggest that specialization to seasonally flooded habitats may explain patterns of adaptive radiation in many tropical tree genera and thereby provide a substantial contribution to regional tree diversity. |
| Address |
INRA, UMR Ecol Forets Guyane, Kourou, French Guiana, Email: baraloto@botany.ufl.edu |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER |
Place of Publication |
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Summary Language |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0012-9658 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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| Area |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
ISI:000245668400021 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
165 |
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| Author |
Odonne, G.; Bourdy, G.; Beauchene, J.; Houel, E.; Stien, D.; Chevolot, L.; Deharo, E. |
| Title |
From Tonic-cups to Bitter-cups: Kwasi bita beker from Suriname Determination, past and present use of an ancient galenic artefact |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Journal of Ethnopharmacology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Ethnopharmacol. |
| Volume |
110 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
318-322 |
| Keywords |
Tonic-cup; Bitter-cup; Quassia amara; Suriname; traditional remedy |
| Abstract |
In the main markets of Paramaribo (Suriname), many stands offer what is locally called “Bitter-cups”, or “Kwasi bita beker”, small footed-cups, roughly carved from a whitish wood. The use of these cups is strictly medicinal and it seems to be restricted to Suriname, as they are not found in neighbouring countries (Guyana, French Guiana). The aim of this study was to identify the botanical origin of Bitter-cups still in use in the Saramaka traditional medicine (as information from field people was controversial), and document the ethnopharmacology of this original galenical artefact. Microscopic and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analyses were carried out on Bitter-cup, and anatomical criteria (marginal parenchyma band, size of intervessel and vessel-ray pits, rays width and rays composition, vessels clustering, frequency and size of parenchyma pits) together with HPLC profiles of the macerates showed that the wood cup was similar to Quassia amara L. (Simaroubaceae) wood. Ethnopharmacological investigation indicates that the use of these cups is simply due to the pharmacological properties attributed to “bitters”, and is strongly linked to tradition and cultural attitudes. This study also emphasizes the long lasting use of these cups, now restricted to Suriname only, with almost no variation over one century. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. |
| Address |
Univ Toulouse 3, Ctr IRD, UMR 152, F-97323 Cayenne, France, Email: genevieve.bourdy@ird.fr |
| Corporate Author |
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| Publisher |
ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0378-8741 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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| Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
ISI:000245486900012 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
166 |
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| Author |
Scotti, I.; Burelli, A.; Cattonaro, F.; Chagne, D.; Fuller, J.; Hedley, P.E.; Jansson, G.; Lalanne, C.; Madur, D.; Neale, D.; Plomion, C.; Powell, W.; Troggio, M.; Morgante, M. |
| Title |
Analysis of the distribution of marker classes in a genetic linkage map: a case study in Norway spruce (Picea abies karst) |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2005 |
Publication |
Tree Genetics & Genomes |
Abbreviated Journal |
Tree Genet. Genomes |
| Volume |
1 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
93-102 |
| Keywords |
Picea abies; conifers; linkage map; genome structure; molecular markers; autocorrelation |
| Abstract |
In order to analyze the large-scale structure of the genome of Norway spruce (Picea abies Karst.), a pseudo-testcross genetic linkage map was built using markers of six different types, belonging to the low (amplified fragment length polymorphisms, simple sequence repeats) or high (sequence-specific amplified polymorphisms, inter-retrotransposon amplified polymorphisms) copy-number fraction of the genome, and including expressed region-derived markers (expressed sequence tag polymorphisms). Twenty seven and 23 linkage groups of at least four markers were obtained for the female and the male parent maps, respectively. A subset of these linkage groups coalesced into 13 bi-parental linkage groups through markers shared between the two maps. This map was used to investigate the frequency of each marker type over chromosomes and the distribution of marker types relative to each other, using autocorrelation techniques. Our results show that, while the composition of chromosomes is homogeneous, low- and high-copy-number markers tend to occupy separate regions of the linkage groups, and that expressed sequences are preferentially associated with microsatellites and separated from retrotranspo sons. These results indicate that the spatial structure of Norway spruce chromosomes is not homogeneous. |
| Address |
INRA, UMR ECOFOG, Kourou 97387, French Guiana, Email: ivan.scotti@kourou.cirad.fr |
| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
SPRINGER HEIDELBERG |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
1614-2942 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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| Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
ISI:000244896200002 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
167 |
| Permanent link to this record |
